Aprisa SR/SR+ for North America21st Century SCADA radio

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Aprisa SR+ radio – 21st Century SCADA

SCADA radio is a widely deployed traditional solution with a strong heritage

Point to multipoint operation, typically with directional antennas at remote sites

Licensed narrowband options

• VHF – long range 135 to 174 MHz

• 220 and 450 MHz – convenient antennas sizes

• 900 MHz – compact antenna sizes – Part 90, Part 24 and Part 101 (including MAS)

Licenses available – FCC, the secondary market and resellers of auction spectrum

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Aprisa SR+

SCADA radio re-invented – delivering a new standard of speed and security to meet tough critical infrastructure requirements

More capacity needed to meet growing IP bandwidth demands

• New SCADA protocols

• Demand for better security

• Penetration of network management

Unbeatable performance

Highest capacity

Long range

Efficient channel usage

Hot swappable master

Full SNMP NMS integration

Secure

Advance IP feature set

4RF reliability

Easy installation and maintenance

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The advantages of traditional radio combined with high speed

Bands VHF, UHF, and 900 MHz

Bandwidths 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, and 50 kHz

Speeds of 54 kbit/s to more than 216 kbit/s

220 MHz Part 90 and 900 MHz Parts 24 / 101 offer high speed 50 kHz options

0.3 1.2 2.4 4.8 9.6 19.2 38.4 40 60 54 72 96 144 216 kbit/s

Old modem style

Recent digital radios

Aprisa SR+ QAM radios

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The Aprisa SR+ design advantage – breakthrough capacity

The Aprisa SR+ point-to-multipoint SCADA radio network

• Deliver more user traffic with maximum reliability and robustness over narrow

band channels than any other product

Can only be achieved through a combination of

• High order efficient modulation schemes – QPSK to 64 QAM

• Superior, low noise and extremely linear RF design – required to enable high order

QAM modulation, and provide real world coverage, and performance

• Efficient sharing of the channel, particularly when considering asynchronous ‘report

by exception’ protocols, drives radio media access control (MAC) architecture

+ +

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Aprisa SR+ more capacity in the real world

Conventional radios use industry standard 4 level CPFSK modulation

• Robust but inefficient – using half the available spectrum

The Aprisa SR+ uses QAM modulation and efficient FEC coding options to offer more

complete use of spectrum while meeting tough regulatory ACP requirements

• Greater than five times the raw throughput based on a powerful hardware platform

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The ability to provide adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) is a key new feature

• Enables maximum use of channel, with high speed for near remotes and robust

connectivity for distance remotes

• Allows reduced operational fade margins – plan with standard fade margin for

robust QPSK but enjoy operational time at high capacity 64 QAM

• Maintains link operation during fading, multipath, and interference scenarios

Downlink messages (broadcast) set to most effective modulation rate for network

Uplink from remotes has modulation and FEC automatically

adjusted based on performance of last packet

• ACM currently implementation from remote

to base station (poll response and exceptions)

• ACM in both directions is under study

ACM – another step to make best use of the channel

Hill

Base Station

QPSK

16 QAM

64 QAM16 QAMQPSK

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Real world coverage with ACM

System Gain 133 dB8 CPFSK – 19.2 kbit/s 64 QAM – 54 kbit/s 3 times capacity

System Gain 152 dBQPSK – 18 kbit/s 7 times the coverage

Note same range as 4CPFSK – 9.6 kbit/s

For the same capacity the range increase results in significant extra coverage!For the same coverage Aprisa SR+ has more than 3 times the RF capacity

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FSK SR+ QPSK SR+ 64 QAM0

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25 kHz MODBUS (average number of polls per 30 seconds)Full details available on request

Real world performance – Modbus with Honeywell RC500 RTUs

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Aprisa SR+ vs GE MDS SD9

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Protected Master Station

The only fully monitored hot standby, hot swappable, redundant SCADA master solution in

the market, it can be used as a master or for protection of high value remotes

• Full hot standby operation: guarantees readiness of the standby radio, removes

initialization delays, minimizes switchover time, ensures standby configuration is kept

updated, and removes risk of standby hardware failure at time of switch

• Fully monitored: full monitoring of the standby radio particularly the critical RF

circuitry, actively monitors the standby transmitter and receiver

• Hot swappable: two standard Aprisa SR+ radios are mounted on a pull-out tray

enabling radio replacement without a power down or interruption to user traffic

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Network monitoring using web-based SuperVisor GUI

Enables monitoring of entire network from master

Operators can monitor and view network health and investigate issues

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SNMP integration with 3rd party NMS

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Security must be designed in from the start

A secure network must be designed around maintaining confidentiality and

authenticating devices, users, and messages

Encryption is used to reduce information leakage as far as possible

• Today the robust cryptographic AES algorithm is used (to FIPS 140-2)

• Industry best practice is regular key change (over the air)

Authentication of devices and messages

• Prevents replay and man-in-the-middle attacks

• Implemented using AES combined with the NIST specified CBC MAC method of

authentication (refer NIST report SP 800-38C 2004 and RFC 3610)

Authentication of users (management)

• Username / password with access control lists

• Move to remote user authentication (RADIUS)

• Audit user activity

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Marketing leading IP features

Header compression

Traffic management

Layer 2 and Layer 3

• The Aprisa SR+ in Bridge mode of operation is a standard Ethernet Bridge based on IEEE 802.1d or VLAN

Bridge based on IEEE 802.1q/p which forward / switch Ethernet packet based on standard MAC addresses and

VLANs using FDB (forwarding database) table decisions

Semi-automatic router operation, Micro-firewall, SNMP

VLAN

• The Aprisa SR+ supports single VLAN (cVLAN), double VLAN (sVLAN), and trunk VLAN

• A single VLAN can be used to segregate traffic type

• A double VLAN can be used to distinguish between Aprisa SR+ sub-networks (base-repeater-remote), where

the outer SVLAN is used to identify the sub-network and the CVLAN is used to identify the traffic type

• Trunk VLAN is also supported by the Aprisa SR+ where the user can configure multiple VLANs on a specific

Ethernet port, creating a trunk VLAN port

QoS

• 3 bits (PCP field) in the VLAN tag allows prioritization of VLAN tagged traffic types

• 8 levels of priority

• QoS supported where the priority bits in the VLAN tagged frame are mapped to four priority levels and

four queues supported by the Aprisa SR+ radio

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Key evaluation criteria for private SCADA radio networks

Key Requirements

Physical size (master and remote) Hot swappable master station

Full duplex capability Monitored hot standby master station

Throughput (12.5 kHz channel) SNMP version 3

Maximum RF power NMS integration

Receiver sensitivity Frequency agility across the sub-band

Latency (round trip) Penetration testing

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4RF Introduction

4RF specialises in designing and manufacturing high performance radio

equipment for critical infrastructure customers:

• Established in 1998: privately held, with 98% of product exported

• World class research and development team in New Zealand

producing market-leading RF technology

• We develop our products through close and frequent contact with

our Tier 1 customers such as Motorola, EDF, and Iberdrola

• Leading New Zealand technology exporter with major Government

support – embassies, trade and enterprise and R&D funding

• We win business because of superior product performance (usually

proved through comprehensive competitive field trials) and superior

customer service

• Backed by leading technology investor Fortissimo Capital – 4RF has

increased R&D by more than 50% to accelerate its product roadmap

• Subsidiaries in Australia, Europe, and now the US

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Blue chip customers in over 130 countries

• Electricité de France and the largest utilities in Germany, Ireland, Philippines, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Spain, and the USA

• The United Nations as well as the Australian, British, Indian, and Swedish militaries

• RCMP, NSW Police, and many other police, fire, ambulance and civil defence organisations and governments worldwide

• British Telecom and the largest telcos in Brazil, Canada, The Netherlands, Namibia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Mozambique and Thailand

• Shell, Chevron, Exxon Mobil, Total, ENI and the national oil companies of Austria, Angola,

Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Iraq, Malaysia, South Africa, Venezuela, and Vietnam

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North America – customer credentials

Utilities Natural Resources & Transport Public Safety

Big Rivers Electric BNSF Rail Bureau of Land Management

Black Hills Power Canadian National Rail City of Clifton, NJ

Bonneville Power Chevron Maui Police, HI

Dairyland Power Enbridge Energy Province of Alberta (Canada)

First Energy Exxon Mobil Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Idaho Power Inmarsat / Stratos State of California

Hydro One (Canada) Kansas City Southern Rail State of Florida

NorthWestern Energy Pembina Pipeline State of Maine

PacifiCorp Shell State of Oregon

PG&E FortisBC Energy (Terasen Gas) State of Tennessee

PNM Resources TransCanada Pipeline US Department of the Interior

Vectren Energy Union Pacific US Forestry Service

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Product families

• Point-to-point radio, leading product in the market

• Key advantages: performance, range, reduced infrastructure, ease of use and reliability

• Deployed in over 130 countries

• Point-to-multipoint SCADA radio

• Available in 135-175 and 400-470 MHz frequency bands

• New SR now available in 900MHz; 200MHz available in Mar-15

• Breakthrough higher speed high-end version of Aprisa SR for data-intensive applications, SNMP, extensive IP features

• 220, 450, and 900 MHz for Parts 24, 90, and 101

• First production shipments to Europe in November 2013

• Part 90 waiver March 2014, FCC and IC certification and first North American shipments April 2014

• New point-to-point radio for public safety and SCADA backhaul

• First shipments to customers in Europe in May 2014

Thank you