APRIL 25 – AP COMP GOV – FANG SHOUAgenda:• Notes:

• Fang Shou• Chinese Political

Structure• The Chinese Dream

Take out:• Pen/Pencil• Notebook

Homework:• Read and annotate

the “Special Report: China” articles

POLICYMAKING CYCLE: THE EFFECTS OF A CHANGING ECONOMY

FANG-SHOU (letting go, tightening up cycle)

DENG XIAOPING’S MODERNIZATIONS (1978-1997) Stability through economic success… not

through a personality cult• “Beijing Spring” – Criticism of cultural

revolution• “Reform and Opening”• Open door trade policy

• Trade with everyone, even capitalists• Reforms in Economy and Education

FANG-SHOU IN MODERN CHINAEconomic Program Democracy

MovementsCCP Response

Four Modernizations (1978-1985)

Democracy Wall Movement (1978-1979)

De-legalization of Protest (1979-1980)

Second Revolution (1987-1989)

Student Democracy Protest (1986-1987)

Anti-Bourgeoisie (1987-1988)

Tiananmen Democracy Demonstrations (1989)

Tiananmen “Massacre” arrest, attacks on political dissidents (1989 – present)

Falun Gong Demonstrations (1989-2000)

Outlaw of Falun Gong: arrest/execution of leaders

• Market Socialism

• Household Responsibility

System

• Township and Village

Enterprises

• Special Economic

Zones

Economic Decentralization

Free flow of labor (breakdown of

danwei)

Rational-legal regime for workers

Education/Foreign Contact

EFFECTSCHANGES

Breakdown of authority of

CCP

Loosening

•Industrial– Unemployment

• WAY up, factories firing excess people– Corruption

• Individuals are still in charge of vast store-houses of materials

– Environment

THE FANG-SHOU (CHINESE POLITICAL) ENIGMA:• Can the government balance liberal

economic policies with political authoritarianism?

• Why is it so important for the CCP to maintain the system of democratic centralism?

DUAL RULE IN A PARALLEL SYSTEM• Dual Rule

• Multiple channels of control and information• Agencies are partly under the administration of

another body of the same level• Each government body has a parallel CCP

body which exerts influence over it• Many parallel offices are held by the same people

DUAL RULE IN A PARALLEL SYSTEM

FOR EXAMPLE: XI JINPING• General Secretary

of the Communist Party of China• Ex officio member of

the Politburo Standing Committee

• President of the People's Republic of China

• Chairman of the Central Military Commission

POWER AND INFLUENCE

THE COMMUNIST PARTY• 73 million members – add 2-3 million per

year• Joining brings significant privileges

• Jobs, connections, education, information, power• Joining is difficult

• Exams, backing of existing members, probationary period, background checks

• Promotion within the system is based on experience, influence and loyalty

• To a member of the CCP, loyalty goes to the party first, and everything else second

POLITBURO• The nexus of Chinese power• Controlled by the SEVEN MEMBER standing

committee• All members are bound by formally made

decisions• Members of the standing committee also

hold/control the following posts:• party general secretary • premier• chairman of the National People's Congress• head of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission

NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS• 1982 constitution designed it as the center

of power for the Chinese State• In reality it’s a rubber stamp for the

Politburo• Over 70% of reps (and 95% of senior

leadership) are CCP members• 3000 delegate from across China meet once

a year• Unwieldy/cumbersome

• Real influence comes from the 150 member standing committee

THE CHINESE DREAM• As of 2013, the slogan of

the CCP is “The Chinese Dream”

• Xi described the dream as "national rejuvenation, improvement of people’s livelihoods, prosperity, construction of a better society and military strengthening." He has stated that young people should "dare to dream, work assiduously to fulfill the dreams and contribute to the revitalization of the nation.”

Read the “Special Report” articles

Annotate for the following themes:

• Relationship between the people and the government

• Repression• Effects of urbanization and

migration• Political and social cleavages

Write a two paragraph response to the following question:

• Is the “Chinese Dream” attainable under the existing system?