APRIL 21 – AP COMP GOV – HISTORYAgenda:• Country Briefs• Notes: Dynastic

History of China (finish)

Homework:• Read p. 296-306

(Political Regime)

Take out:• Pen/Pencil• Notebook

FIVE DYNASTIES – 907-960 CE• Politically and

Militarily unremarkable

• Dominated by political unrest – controlled by five short-lived dynasties

• Development of “China” – porcelain whiteware

NORTHERN SUNG (SONG) – 960-1126 CE• Third “Golden Age” -

high point of Chinese classical culture

• Philosophical and artistic development

• Political centralization• Economic growth• Scientific innovation • Adoption of Neo-

Confucianism as the official state ideology

SOUTHERN SUNG (SONG) – 1127-1279 CE• Invaders from

Mongolia drive Chinese Empire South

• Marked by unrest and military conflict

• Capital established at Hangzhou (Huangzhou)

• Trade and economy severely limited

MONGOL RULE – YUAN DYNASTY – 1280-1365 CE• Empire established

by Kublai Khan (grandson of Genghis)

• Reopen and expand international trade

• Marco Polo (et. al.) visit• Western interest in the

East begins• Capital established at

Beijing

THE MONGOLIAN EMPIRE

MING DYNASTY – 1368-1644 CE• Established sophisticated

agricultural and trade-based economy• Rise of a large middle-class• Treasure Ships – trade and

discovery• Developed a strong

centralized bureaucracy and military

• Great Wall of China completed

• Forbidden city constructed

CH’ING (QING) DYNASTY – 1644-1912 CE• 1644 - Manchu Qing

Dynasty drives out Ming. • Chinese empire reaches its

zenith, with the annexation of Tibet, Mongolia and present-day Xinjiang (Turkestan).

• 19th Century - Qing Dynasty begins a long decline. • Western powers impose

"unequal treaties" that create foreign concessions in China's ports

• Regional warlords rise as central government atrophies

• Foreign influence grows: political, economic, religious

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER• How does the dynastic history of China

effect our understanding of modern China?• Which elements of this long and

complicated history have a lasting effect on China today?

“BOXER REBELLION” - 1899-1901•  Uprising in Northern

China seeks to stifle reforms in the Qing administration, drive out foreigners and re-establish traditional rule.

• Rebellion defeated by foreign intervention

• With Western powers, Russia and Japan extracted further concessions from weakened Qing government

RISE OF THE REPUBLIC1911-12 - • Military revolts by reform-

minded officers lead to proclamation of Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen and abdication of last Qing emperor.

• Republic struggles to consolidate its rule amid regional warlordism and the rise of the Communist Party.

1925 – • Death of Sun Yat-sen brings

Chiang Kai-shek to the fore. • Breaks with the Communists

and confirms the governing Kuomintang as a nationalist party.

THE REPUBLIC• 1931-45 - Japan

invades and gradually occupies more and more of China.

• 1934-35 - Mao Zedong emerges as Communist leader during the party's "Long March" to its new base in Shaanxi Province.

COMMUNISM IN CHINA• Watch the following video, and answer the

questions below:• https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ZPvHV0A6GU1 - What events led up to the adoption of Communism in China? What was the appeal of Communism? 2 – How was Soviet Communism similar to and different from Chinese Communism?