APRESENTAÇÃO DO INESC PORTO · •Oxygen Saturation in Blood •Skin Properties (Moisture, …)...
Transcript of APRESENTAÇÃO DO INESC PORTO · •Oxygen Saturation in Blood •Skin Properties (Moisture, …)...
Campus da FEUP
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4200 - 465 Porto
Portugal
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www.inescporto.pt
© 2008
OECD Meeting
8-9 June 2009
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Health and Elderly Care
Context
• Aging Population
• Health Costs (Social Security Sustainability)
• Quality of Life
• Home-Treatment and Monitoring
The Concept of
Personal Health Systems
Late 1990s
Incubation of the Awareness of
the Social Challenge
Science and Technology Drive
(Yet in a Mostly Latent Basis)
Involves:
• Sensors (Fundamental Science)
Personal Health Systems
A complex Problem
• Sensor Networks
• Signal Processing
• Communications (Wireless)
• Information Systems
Multidisciplinary Approach
• Powering
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Sensors
Two Types
Physical
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Heart Rate
• Respiratory Rate
• Movement
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Blood Pressure
Biochemical
• Oxygen Saturation in Blood
• Skin Properties (Moisture, …)
• Body Fluid Analytes
(sweat, glucose, lactate, …)
More ComplexSensor Issue
• Sensitivity to a Specific Measurand
Health and Elderly Care
.....
(The Sensor Core Detects
a Physical Parameter)
(In general Requires a
Biochemical/Physical
Interface)
.....
• Cross-Sensitivity/Environment
• Telemetry Channel
• Powering
• Signal Processing (Remote/Local)
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Personal Health Systems
Multiple Sensors (Equal/Different)
The Notable Example of the Smart Vest Approach
Wiring (Signal, Powering)
Wiring (Signal, Powering) Can be Shared
Between Different Sensors?Wireless to Each Sensor (?)
What Sensing Technologies?Most of the Developments in this Area
are Based in MEMs/Microelectronics
Evolution to Nanosystems
Electric/Electromechanic
Based Approaches
Health and Elderly Care
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The Interesting Case of the Optical Fibre
The Backbone of the Communications Revolution
But Also an Excellent Sensing Element• Phase
• Intensity
• Wavelength
• Polarization
• Wavelength
Several Degrees of Freedom
Optical Fibre Sensing Technology
The Crucial Point:
The Fibre is Simultaneously Sensor and Communication Channel
No Telemetry Channel is Required Intrinsic Potential for Sensor Multiplexing
Health and Elderly Care
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Single-point sensor
Multi-point (quasi-distributed) sensorSensing element
Fiber
Multiple sensing pointsDistributed sensor
Continuous sensing element
Hotate et al, Optics Letters,31, 2006
Health and Elderly Care Fibre Optic Sensors
Distributed Measurement
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Optical Source
+
Optoelectronic
Conditioning
Optical
Amplification
11outV
Detection and
Optoelectronics
Processing
11S
12S
1mS
21S
22S
2 mS
1iS
2iS
imS
1nS
2nS
nmS
Agressive
Environment
12outV
imoutV
nmoutV
Circulator
Fibre CouplerFibre Coupler
Fibre Coupler
O ptical F ibre
Electrical W ire
Health and Elderly Care Fibre Optic Sensors
Many Topologies and Addressing Possibilities
Multiplexing of Point Sensors (One or Several Measurands)
• Dense Networking of Sensors
• No Telemetry Channel Limitations • Distance
• Bandwidth
….
Important Points
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Personal Health SystemsOptical Fibre Sensing
Wireless Out-Body Communication
An Almost (?) Ideal Combination
Why Not More Developed?
Optical fibre Sensing
R&D Community Strong Link to the Optical
Communication R&D Community
Deficient Awareness of the Personal
Health Systems Problematic (Community)?
Health and Elderly Care
+
The Other Way
Around
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It is Natural This Frame Will Change in the Near Future
An Example of a Move on That Direction
Health and Elderly Care
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Why are Sensor Networks not Yet Broadly Deployed?
• Recent perception of the future fundamental importance of personal
health systems; somehow, yet in a Latency Stage (the citizens are not yet
fully aware of the relevance of the personal health system concept)
• This “perception” is doing its path in the policy makers channels
• The technical complexity of the problem
Disperse technologies, interdisciplinarity, need of a drive force (like that
present in telecommunications or in the portable computer markets)
There are niches of mature technology in some areas of the Health
Sensing Network Sector (communications, information systems), but
not in others (sensors, networking, powering).
Health and Elderly Care
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Deployment (Drivers and Obstacles)
• Market
Health and Elderly Care
There is a Perception of a Huge Market – But Not Close By
• Other Actual Political Priorities (?)
• Elderly People Tends to Be “Low-Profile” (?)
• Sensor Networks for Health and Elderly Care is a Recent Possibility
• Technological Constraints
• Security and Regularity Framework
Technically Feasible Nowadays
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Deployment (Drivers and Obstacles)
• Interoperability
Health and Elderly Care
A Critical Issue
• Need for Standards at the Sensor and Networking Levels
• Regulation (Standards) for Integration of Information Systems
• Time and Space Availability of Operational Information
• The Need of Political Drive
• At the R&D Level
• At the Regulation Level
• At the Deployment Level (in the First Phases)