Presentation by K.Ashok Natarajan, CEO.,

Tamil Nadu Water Investment Company Limited

Approach & Challenges to 24x7 Water supply in Indian Cities

WATER MALAYSIA 2015

Present Scenario

• Absence of documentation on existing network

• Lack of customer data

• Oversized network

• Spaghetti network

• Pipes laid at shallow depths and leaking joints

• High level of non-revenue water

• Poor method of making house service connections

• Lack of bulk meters and customer meters

• Water supply schedule varies from one hour per day

to once in two to three days

• Low water pressure in distribution network

• Risks of contamination into un-pressurized pipes

Unique challenges in India’s Urban

Water Sector

Current Operations

� Utilities don’t exist or are weak

� Operating cost recovery is low

� Current service levels are poor, with water supply intermittent and

often unknown

� Low commercial and staff efficiency

Investment: To serve

current population

� Asset condition is poor and largely unknown

� Non revenue water (NRW) is unknown and often underestimated

� Capital expenditure to rehabilitate network is large and unknown

� Poor hydraulic design of networks

Investment: To serve

future population

� Population growth is high but not clear

� Where population will live is unclear

� Capital expenditure planning is weak and financing sources

uncertain

� Divided responsibility for city and periphery for distribution and

bulk supply

Bhubaneswar

Coimbatore

Population: 480,000

Size: 94 sq km

Water Services: Provided

by state water board,

KUWSDB

Hours of Service: 2 hours

once in 3 days

Cost recovery: 75%

Belgaum

Population: 1.6 million

Size: 106 sq km (old city)

Water Services: Provided

by city municipal

corporation CMC and state

water board, TWAD

Hours of Service: 2-3 hours

every alternate day

Cost recovery: 150%

Population: 840,000

Size: 135 sq km

Water Services: Provided

by state government

department, PHE

Hours of Service: 2

hours/day

Cost recovery: 36.5%

Few Challenges to encounter

Demand forecasting

Design standard evaluation

Pricing & conservation planning

Master planning

Data capture & validation

Data and network analysis

Zone analysis / loss detection

Connection & meter maintenance

Network optimization – rat/zone

Network rehabilitation & expansion

Planning

Studies

Rehabilitation

Demand

management

Data analysis

Field work

Understanding the UtilityAddressing Distribution

Strategy

People &

Processes

Information

Technology

Effective Utility

Management

Planning

Consulting

Works

Understanding the Utility

Holistic Approach

Ideal Framework for Water Distribution

Network

Continuous Pressurised

Water Supply System

Physical and Hydraulic Condition

Assessment

The essentials for preparing design

– Details of Head Works and Reservoirs (Overhead/ Underground sump) in

the corporation.

– Current schematic model of Head Works and Reservoirs.

– Flow from individual Head works and Flow to individual ESR’s

– Flow and Pressure at Ferrule points/ Consumer connections

Flow and Pressure Measurements

• The Flow is to be measured at following locations in the network

• Feeder Main (Outlet Pipe from near Pumping Station)

• Elevated Service Reservoir ( i.e. Inlet and Outlet pipe of the ESR)

• Distribution network i.e. House Service connections, Public fountain

Flow Measurement at Head works & ELSR

Flow Measurement at Consumer End

Flow Measurement at Consumer End

20%

70%

9%

0% 1%

Flows Range at Consumer End

<0.1 l/s <0.5 l/s 1.0 l/s 2.0 l/s 4.0 l/s

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

Flows at Ferrule Points (in lps)

Unequal Flow at

Consumer end are clear

evidences of

inequitable supply

Flow Results at Consumer EndFlow (LPS)

Pressure Measurement at Consumer End

Pressure Measurement at Consumer End

Pressure Measurement at Consumer End

42%

46%

9%

2%1%

Pressure Ranges at Ferrule

Points

<1.0 m <5 m <7 m >7<10 m >10 m

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

Pressure at Ferrule Points (m)

Pressure (m)

Pressure Results at Consumer

End

Level of Delivery point – Consumer End

• Generally the level of delivery point varies between -2.5m to +2.0m

creating enough differences in the distribution system.

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.3

0.5

0.6

0.75

1

1.5

2

1

6

14

14

3

149

4

25

1

1

7

1

1

Level of Delivery point from GL- Consumer End

82% - Delivery Point at GL and

Below GL: advantage to

receive water at High pressure

(leading to water shortage at

high contour locations)

18% - Ideal Delivery

Points above GL hence

helps maintain Designed

Pressure

Pipe Condition Assessment Samples

Objectives of 24x7

• To provide to all residents in the selected project area

• 24 hours / day and 7 days a week water supply

• Pressurized water supply system as per CPHEEO guidelines

• Supplying of ample quantity and good quality drinking water

• Implementing state of the art technologies and operational

efficiency

• Better Customer redressal mechanism

• Implementation of customer metering program

• Network operations, maintenance, leakage management and

repairs

• Establish Customer service centers, complaints redressal

• New connections, disconnections, reconnections with approvals

• Network expansion

• Procurement, Supervision & Monitoring

Project Objectives

Can be achieved through,

• Providing Sufficient Water

• An appropriate legal framework

• An appropriate tariff structure

• Consumer awareness & cooperation

• Rehabilitation

• Provision of adequate infrastructure

• Efficient Operation

Providing Sufficient Water

a. Sufficient Water:

augmenting treatment / new sources, savings through

reduction of leakage and wastage

b. Must Know Demand:

consumer type and number geographically distributed,

consumer behaviour, current and projected, large consumers

c. Must allow for leakage and Wastage:

bearing in mind effect on capex and opex

Appropriate Legal Framework

a. Must enable efficient Utility management

b. Meter ownership

Appropriate Tariff Structure

a. Affordable

3% to 5%

b. Must encourage use of meter

e.g. high flat rate, high band widths, allow estimates

c. Must be poor friendly but discourage waste

6000 litres free, only if you consume <15,000 litres, high rate for

excessive use

d. Tariff analysis model

constraints: affordability, aim=cost recovery, used to motivate change

e. Tariff increasesdisassociate with 24x7, important to keep capital costs

down

Consumer Awareness and Co-operation

a. Campaigns

Free Water = No Water

Stop Wastage (stale water, washing, leaking plumbing)

b. Improved Customer Service

revenue collection, applications, enquiries

c. Improved service delivery

Pressure, quality, continuous

d. Gain their trust

correct billing, efficient maintenance

Rehabilitation and Infrastructure

a. As Cheap as possible

b. Commercial Rehabilitation

based on commercial data analysis and commercial field survey

(including sounding)

c. Network Data Validation and Accurate demand analysis as

inputs

d. Condition Assessment

e. Network optimization

Re-zoning (pressure & mass balancing)

Rationalisation of supply to consumers

Spaghetti networks

Spatial analysis (isolating valves, hydrants) correct billing,

efficient maintenance

f. Network Rehabilitation

Based on c & d and material policy

Do not forget valves, hydrants – Leakage will increase

Integrated Water Management Plan:

Salient Features of Arcot Municipality

• NAME OF THE MUNICIPALITY : ARCOT

• AREA OF THE TOWN : 7.84 SQ.KM

• POPULATION OF THE TOWN : 55917 (2011 CENCUS)

• NAME OF THE SOURCE : RIVER PALAR

• NO.OF PUMPS : 2 Nos. (75 HP)

• LENGTH OF PUMPING MAINS : 8KM

• NO. OF OHT’S : 6 (20.40 LL CAPACITY)

• QUANTITY OF WATER PUMPED : 41.00 LL

• LPCD : 80 L

• FREQUENCY : ALTERNATE DAYS(2-3 HRS)

• LENGTH OF D’MAINS : 64.00KM

• NO.OF SUPPLY ZONES : 11 +1(DIRECT)

Need For Water Management Plan at Arcot Municipality

Arcot municipality with 55917 Nos. population receives 4.7 MLD from two sources in River Palar.

Unable to provide daily water supply to all areas in municipality limits with existing water supply

system, mainly because they were not able to fill all the six reservoirs simultaneously while

pumping from the Palar pump station.

This was due to the geographic level difference between each reservoir and inadequate sizing of

the pumping main to achieve adequate pressure to lift the water up to all the reservoirs

simultaneously.

TWIC was approached to develop a Integrated water management plan for the existing

distribution network

To improve the existing water supply in this municipality to achieve continuous and equi-

distribution of water supply to all areas with the available quantity of supply.

Hence the need for water Management plan to achieve the following:

• To provide to all residents in the selected project area Continuous and pressurized water

supply

• Introduce state of the art technologies and operational efficiency

• Network operations control

• Network Rehabilitation and management

Reservoir Management System (RMS)

Overview Screen of RMS for Remote

Monitoring

PFCMD Valve Status, Pressure & Flow

Monitoring screen

Typical PFCMD Control Valve arrangement Flow & Pressure monitoring screen for

Pump Station

Arcot Scada – Overview Screen

Arcot Water Supply System Remote

Monitoring System

Vellore Corporation Water Supply Improvement

Scheme: Salient Details

• NAME OF THE PROJECT AREA : Vellore Corporation

• AREA OF THE TOWN : 87.915 Sq.KM

• NO OF WARDS : 60 Nos.

• NAME OF THE SOURCE : Cauvery River / Pallar River

/Ponnai

• POPULATION OF THE TOWN : 5,04,079 (2011 Census)

• PER CAPITA PER DAY : 38 LPCD

• FREQUENCY : Almost in 5-20 DAYS (For 2-3 HOURS)

• LENGTH OF ROAD : 660.00 KM

• UGSS STATUS IN PROJECT AREA : UGSS implementation is in

progress

Need for the Project

• The existing water supply distribution network now functioning in Vellore Old

Municipal areas are dead old say more than 100 years old.

• Difficult to maintain this existing network system (Factors like old and worn out

pipes, insufficient sizes and Multi distribution lines in some areas etc.,)

• To maintain full pledged Water Supply distribution system without break, it has

been decided to examine and inspect almost all the distribution mains with

service personnel’s consultancy.

• Further the existing distribution network is having uneven water supply to users

particularly on tail ends.

• Also there are certain areas where water supply is more than adequate in the

system.

Existing Vellore Water Supply Schemes

12 Nos of Head Works 18.55 Mld

3 Nos of Well Scheme + Bore wells 5.98 Mld

Total Source 24.53 MLD

Palar River

Name :Old KatpadiCapacity : 2.00LLAV. G.L : 207.505mM.W.L. : 222.505m

Name :Thiruvalluvar NagarCapacity : 1.00LLAV. G.L : 203.20mM.W.L. : 217.74m

Name :Ashok NagarCapacity : 1.00LLAV. G.L : 218.010mM.W.L. : 232.510m

Name : NadumottoorCapacity : 1.00LLAV. G.L : 221.060mM.W.L. : 238.560m

Name : PallikuppamCapacity : 1.00LLAV. G.L : 221.420mM.W.L. : 238.920m

Name : PallikuppamCapacity : 0.50LLAV. G.L : 221.420mM.W.L. : 238.920m

Name : PeriyapudurCapacity : 0.50LLAV. G.L : 227.620mM.W.L. : 242.120m

Ammundipattari H/W

IW

Name : Bharathi NagarCapacity : 4.00LL

Name : VOC ParkCapacity : 2.00LL

Thalaiyarampattu H/W

IW-1

Infiltration Well4 Nos.in River Palar

Location : KarugampathurSump Capacity : 1.20LLAV.G.L. : 215.280mM.W.L. : 215.250mPump Set : 20HP Centrifugal 4000Lpm x 11m

Name : AruganthpoondiCapacity : 6.00LLAV. G.L : 206.250mM.W.L. : 221.750m

Name : SaidapetCapacity : 10.00LLAV. G.L : 216.310mM.W.L. : 231.810m

Name : Tansi Back Side (Kakithapattari SR)Capacity : 2.00LLAV. G.L : 212.990mM.W.L. : 228.490m

Name : Punniyakotti NagarCapacity : 5.00LLAV. G.L : 228.985mM.W.L. : 243.985m

Name : VasanthapuramCapacity : 5.00LLAV. G.L : 210.300mM.W.L. : 225.500m

Karugampathur H/W

Karugampathur H/WInf iltration Well10 Nos.(Existing)

in River PalarName : RangapuramCapacity : 2.00LLAV. G.L : 206.175mM.W.L. : 221.175m

Name : Phase-IIICapacity : 3.00LLAV. G.L : 204.620mM.W.L. : 219.620m

Location : SathuvachariCapacity : 2.50LLAV.G.L. : 203.275mM.W.L. : 207.275mPump Set : 12.5HP-2Nos, 45HP-2Nos 1112Lpm x 23m, 2888Lpmx34m

Name : Cup & Saser GLSR)Capacity : 3.25LLAV. G.L : 221.000mM.W.L. : 222.000m

Name : Raj iv Gandhi NagarCapacity : 4.00LLAV. G.L : 223.400mM.W.L. : 235.400m

SUMP

SUMP

Location : Palar Booster SumpCapacity : 6.00LLAV.G.L. : 206.430mM.W.L. : 209.430m

Ponnai Thengal H/W

Ponnai Thengal H/W

IW

Infiltration WellNear Venkatapuram

Pump Set 4HP-300Lpmx50m

SUMP

SUMP

SumpCapacity : 0.10LL

Name : VenkatapuramCapacity : 1.0LL

Name : Vana NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Papathiamman Koil StreetCapacity : 0.30LL

Alumelumangapuram H/W

Booster Station

Infiltration Wellin River Palar

Kagithapattarai H/W

Name : Sivakumar Hospital Capacity : 4.00LL

Kagithapattarai H/W

GLSR

Thorapadi Lake

BW-4

TNHB H/W

Shambakkam H/W

Name : P illaiyar koilCapacity : 2.00LL

Name : Kalani Kattu Street Near ChurchCapacity : 3.00LL

Name : MullipalayamCapacity : 0.60LL

Palar River

BW-3 BW-2

IW-2 IW-3 IW-4

IW-5IW-6

IW-1

IW-4

IW-2IW-3

IW-7IW-8

IW-2 IW-3 IW-4IW-1 IW-5 BW-2 BW-1BW-1

SUMP

Location : Thandala KrishnapuramSump Capacity : 2.00LL

Mathi Nagar Sump

COLLECTION

Location : AmmundipattariSump Capacity : 0.50LLAV.G.L. : 221.800mM.W.L. : 222.880mPump Set : 20HP 1300Lpm x 45m

Location : KalinjurSump Capacity : 17.00LL

Name : KalinjurCapacity : 2.50LL

Name : Kalinjur T.P. OfficeCapacity : 6.00LL

Name : ArupumeduCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : Kaliamman Koil StreetCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : KalathumeduCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : Valluvar StreetCapacity : 1.50LL

Name : Venmani MotturCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : Gandhi Nagar WestCapacity : 2.50LL

Name : Gandhi Nagar T.P. OffieCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Gandhi Nagar EastCapacity : 2.00LL

Thandala Krishnapuram H/W

IW-1 IW-2

SUMP

Location : Pallar Old SumpCapacity : 2.00LL

IW-1 IW-4

SUMP

Location : Rajiv Gandhi NagarCapacity : 2.50LL

SUMP

Location : Tirumani TNHBCapacity : 0.50LL

Name : Shastri NagarCapacity : 12.00LL

Name : Kumarapa NagarCapacity : 1.00LL

Location : Bank ColonyCapacity : 2.00LL

BW-2

BW-3

BW-4

BW-1

SUMP

Location : Palla EdayampattiCapacity : 0.150LL

OTTERI TANK

BW-1

SUMP

BW-2

BW-3BW-4BW-5BW-6

BW-7BW-8 BW-9

BW-10

(10 Bore Well 6 Working)

Location : OtteriCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : Sami Nagar NambirajapuramCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Indira NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Gandhi Nagar PoonthotamCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Gandhi Nagar PoonthotamCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Virupathipuram Gangai AmmanCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : Palla EdayampattiCapacity : 0.60LL

Anna Kalaiarangam

150 HP

HLR19.00LL

Name : Sankaranpalayam (Krishna Nagar)Capacity : 15.00LL

SUMPVallalar Sump

0.50LL

Name : Vallalar NagarCapacity : 8.00LL

SUMP

IW-2

Location : EravandaduCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : SRM Nagar (Thorapadi)Capacity : 6.00LL

Name : Rajiv Gandhi NagarCapacity : 4.00LL

Name : Ambethkar Nagar (Chinna Allapuram)Capacity : 3.00LL

SUMPLocation : KilmonavurCapacity : 2.50LL

Capacity : 1.0LL

Vellore Scheme Details for Flow Measurement Activity

SUMPTNHB Booster Sump

Capacity: 11.0LL

BW-5BW-6 BW-1BW-7

Name : Bharathiyar NagarCapacity : 10.00LL

IW-1 IW-2

IW-9IW-10

IW-1 IW-5IW-4IW-3IW-2IW-3 IW-5 IW-6 IW-7

Eravankadu H/W

IW-5 IW-6 IW-7 OW-1

SUMP

Location : ThorapadiCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Hari Om NagarCapacity : 3.25LLAV. G.L :M.W.L. :

SUMP

Phase-IIIOpen Well

Location : Phase-II Nehru NagarCapacity : 3.25LLAV.G.L. :M.W.L. :

Name : S ivakumar Hospital Capacity : 4.00LL

Name : RangapuramCapacity : 2.00LLAV. G.L : 206.175mM.W.L. : 221.175m

Name : Pudiya Arunthathiyar ColonyCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Postal ColonyCapacity : 1.0LL

Venkatapuram Sump H/W

OW-1

WELLCOLLECTION

WELL

COLLECTIONWELL

Periyapudur SumpCapacity: 0.30LL

Ashok Nagar SumpCapacity: 0.30LL

Katpadi SumpCapacity: 0.30LL

IW-2 IW-3 IW-4IW-1 IW-5

IW

Name : KalinjurCapacity : 2.50LL

Name : Kalinjur T.P. OfficeCapacity : 6.00LL

Gandhi Nagar SumpCapacity: 1.00LL

Name : MGR NagarCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : KiltanpattaraiCapacity : 1.00LL

Kumarappa Nagar SumpCapacity: 0.50LL

VOC Park SumpCapacity: 0.50LL

Name : Nehru ParkCapacity : 3.00LL

Name : Nehru Park SumpCapacity : 0.50LL

Name : Amman NagarCapacity : 1.00LL

IW

Name : Radhakrishnan NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Maraimalai NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Kirubanadha variyar NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Sriram NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Sarkar ThoppuOW

SUMPLocation : Variyar ValaivuSump Capacity : 0.50LL

Name : Subramanaiya Koil StreetCapacity : 0.20LL Name : Variyar Valliveethi

Capacity : 1.00LL

Name : OC Perumal NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : O.C. Perumal NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Radhakrishnan NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Kirubanadha variyar NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Sriram NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Maraimalai NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Muthamiz NagarCapacity : 0.60LL

Variyar Valaivu

Sevur OW

SUMP

Name : Bajanai Koil StreetCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Indra KudiyiruppuCapacity : 0.10LL

Name : Arunthathiyar ColonyCapacity : 0.10LL

Sevur H/W

SUMPLocation : Pachaiamman KoilSump Capacity : 3.00LL

Location : Shambakkam Bore

SUMPLocation : Raghavendra KoilSump Capacity : 1.00LL

Ariyur Lake

BW-2

BW-1

Name : Ariyur ColonyCapacity : 0.60LL

Name : Gandhi NagarCapacity : 1.00LL

Name : AG NagarCapacity : 0.30LL

Name : Teachers ColonyCapacity : 2.00LL

Name : Chellavour SumpCapacity : 0.50LL

Contour Ranging from 325.00 m to 195.00 m

CHENNAI (NH-46)

SH-207KRISHNAGIRI

Cultivation Lands

Fort Areas

Municipal Boundary

Road

Water Bodies

Contour & Contour Level

L e g e n d :

Reserved Forest /

L e g e n d :

Historical Monuments/

Water Bodies

Hilly Areas

Railway Line

195.00 m

325.00 m240.00 m

230.00 m

A View of Existing Reservoirs

Municipal Boundary

Road

Water Bodies

Existing Zone Boundary

L e g e n d :

Reserved Forest /

L e g e n d :

Historical Monuments/

Water Bodies

Hilly Areas

Railway Line

Cultivation Lands

Fort Areas

Existing ELSR85

Z-01

Z-02

Z-03

Z-04

Z-05

Z-06

Z-07

Z-08

Z-09

Z-11

Z-12

Z-15

Z-14

Z-20

Z-22

Z-16

Z-17

Z-21Z-23

Z-24

Z-26

Z-27

Z-28

Z-29 Z-30

Z-31

Z-33

Z-34

Z-35

Z-38

Z-39Z-40 Z-41

Z-42

Z -43

Z-44

Z-45Z-46

Z-47

Z-49Z-50

Z-52

Z -53

Z-55

Z-56

Z-57

Z-59Z-60

Z-61

Z-62

Z-63

Z-64

Z-65Z-66

Z-67

Z-68Z -69

Z -70

Z -71

Z-72

Z-73

Z-74

Z-75

Z-76

Z-77

Z-78Z-79

Z-80

Z-81Z-82

Z-83

Z -51

Z-84

Z-85

Z-86Z-87

Z-88

Z -90Z-91

Z-92

Z-93

Z -95

Z-96 Z-97

Z-98Z-99

Z-100

Z-101 Z-102

Z-103

Z-104

Z-105

Z-106

Z-107

Z-108Z-111

Z-112Z-113

Z-114

Z-115

Z-116

Z-117

Z-118

Z-119

Z-120Z-121

Z-122Z-123

Z-127

Z-129

Z-130

Z-131Z-132

Z-133

Z-135

Z-136

Z-137

Z-138Z-139

Z-140

Z-142

Z-143

Z -145

Z-124

Z -144

Z-128

Z-150

Z-149

Z-147

Z-36

Z-37

Z-151

Z-55

OTTERITANK

PE

RIY

AER

I

Hillock

Hillock

Hillock

Z-81Z-82

Z-83

Z-84

Z-85

Z-86Z-87

Z-88

Z-90Z-91

Z-93Z-94

Z-95

Z-96 Z-97

Z-98Z-99

Z-100

Z-101 Z-102

Z-103

Z-107

Z-108

Z-109Z-110

Z-111

Z-112Z-113

Z-114

Z-115

Z-116

Z-117

Z-118

Z-149

Z-151

118

97115 114

103

102

112

116

149

91

8190 89

151

88 86

87

85

100 101

99

113

108

107111

98

116

96

93

9594

84

83

82

79

109

A View of Proposed Reservoirs

Existing ELSR

ELSR Details :

Ongoing ELSR (CWSS)

Proposed ELSR01

OTTERITANK

PE

RIY

AER

I

Hillock

Hillock

Hillock

Zone-59

Zone-63

Zone-60

Zone-62

Zone-58Zone-5759

5857

62

60

63

Municipal Boundary

Road

Water Bodies

Proposed Zone Boundary

L e g e n d :

Reserved Forest /

L e g e n d :

Historical Monuments/

Water Bodies

Hilly Areas

Railway Line

Cultivation Lands

Fort Areas

Existing ELSR

05

04

Zone-64

Zone-61

Zone-62

Zone-58Zone-57

Zone-56

Zone-55

Zone-67

Zone-32

Zone-29

Zone-50

Zone-51

Zone-59

Zone-63

Zone-60

Zone-66

Zone-65

Zone-31

Zone-26

Zone-25

Zone-28

Zone-27Zone-24

Zone-48

Z-49

Zone-47

Zone-54 Zone-53

Zone-52

Zone-39

Zone-38

Z-45

Zone-44

Zone-43

Zone-41

Zone-40

Zone-35

Zone-36

Zone-37

Zone-34

Zone-33Zone-30

Zone-15

Zone-17

Zone-16

Zone-22

Zone-23

Zone-21

Zone-8

Zone-20

Zone-46

Zone-42

Zone-14

Zone-10

Zone-13

Zone-18

Zone-2

Zon e-9 Zone-12

Zone-1

Zone-3

Zone-4

Zone-5

Zone-7

Zone-6

Zone-11

Zone-19

Proposed Distribution NetworkThe proposed distribution zones will have 830.672 Km length of water supply distribution network. The total

length of pipe includes 464.825 Km proposed for replacement and 302.431 Km of pipes proposed for extended

areas.

The total length of road is only 818.527 Km as per the actual survey drawings provided by the Vellore

Corporation. Pipe to be laid under this scheme is about 767.256 Km.

Pipes/

Material

Length

(m)

% of

Network

Retained

Pipes63,416 7.63%

AC 14,118 1.70%

CI 12,065 1.45%

GI 229 0.03%

PVC 37,004 4.45%

Replaced

Pipes464,825 55.96%

DI (R) 37,675 4.54%

HDPE (R/) 427,150 51.42%

Proposed

Pipes302,431 36.41%

DI (P) 35,382 4.26%

HDPE (P) 267,049 32.15%

Total Length

(m)830,672 100.00%

AC, 14118, …CI, 12065, 1%PVC, 37004, 4%

DI, 73,057 Km, 9%

HDPE, 694,199 Km, …

Replaced/ ProposedDI/HDPE, 767,256 Km,

93%

Summary of Proposed Network

AC CI GI PVC DI HDPE

Coimbatore Corporation 24x7 Water Supply

System: Salient DetailsName of the Corporation Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation

Area of the Corporation 257.04 sq.km

Census Population as per 2011 1617711

Total no of Wards 100

No. of Water supply Zones Five (5)

Total Nos. of Major Schemes 5 Schemes

Present drawl quantity 257.70 MLD

Name of the Corporation Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation

Total No. of MBR Five (5) nos.

Total no of Service Reservoirs 126 nos. (549.30 LL)

On- going schemes 21 nos. (41.20LL)

Total Length of the Road 2918.00 km

Total Length of Distribution system. 2384.1 km

Total no of Water supply connection 2,66,572

Total no of property Assessment 4,49,039

Erstwhile Corporation & Extended Area

Thudiyalur

Vel

laki

nar

Chinna

Saravanampatti

Vila

nku

richi

Kalapatti

Vadavalli

Veerakeralam

Kuniyamuthur

Goundampalayam

Kurichi

Old Corporation

vedampatti

Sl. No. Name Of The ULB Status Population

(2011)

1 Erstwhile Coimbatore Corporation 10,58,956

2 Kavundampalayam Municipality 89462

3 Kurichi Municipality 125900

4 Kuniamuthur Municipality 95970

5 Chinnavedampatti Town Panchyat 18494

6 Kalapatti Town Panchyat 40270

7 Saravanampatti Town Panchyat 33287

8 Vellakinar Town Panchyat 15398

9 Thudiyalur Town Panchyat 21,004

10 Vadavalli Town Panchyat 39906

11 Veerakeralam Town Panchyat 24065

12 Vilankurichi Town Panchyat 21941

Total 1617711

Need For the Project

• In the year 2010 -2011 the Coimbatore City limits was expanded from

105.60 Sq.km (Erstwhile City) to 257.04 Sq. km by adding Three

Municipalities and Eight Town panchayats.

• The Population of the present corporation area has consistently grown up

to average of 23.22% per decade over the last four decades starting from

1981 to 1991 is 19.9%, 1991 to 2001 is 21.6% and 2001 to 2011 is 28.15%.

• At present, the erstwhile areas of the corporation are supplied with

drinking water at the rate of 135 lpcd for once in two or three days.

• And in respect of the added areas, the drinking water supply is now made

ranging from 40 to 70 lpcd once in 8 to 15 days.

• However, in order to meet the increased water demand for added areas,

fast paced urbanization of Coimbatore and to cater minimum of 135 lpcd

against present 40 lpcd as per CPHEEO standards, it is necessary to augment

the sources for additional water demand.

Population & Demand Calculation

Sl.

No

Description Units WATER DEMAND

Period Year2011 2018 2033 2048

Base Floating Base Floating Base Floating Base Floating

1 2011 Census population Nos. 1617711 242700

2 2018 -Projected Population Nos. 1820700 273200

3 2033- Projected Population Nos. 2396000 359400

4 2048 -Projected Population Nos. 3162500 474400

5Base Water demand @ 135

LPCDMLD 218.39 245.79 323.46 426.94

5Floating Population Water

demand @ 25LPCDMLD 6.07 6.83 8.99 11.86

6 Fire demand MLD 4.022 4.267 4.895 5.624

7 Industrial Demand @10% MLD 21.84 24.58 32.35 42.69

7 Total demand MLD 250.32 281.47 369.69 487.11

8 Losses in distribution @10% MLD 25.03 28.15 36.97 48.71

9 Clear water Requirement MLD 275.35 309.62 406.65 535.83

Population & Demand Calculation

Sl.

No

Description Units WATER DEMAND

Period Year2011 2018 2033 2048

Base Floating Base Floating Base Floating Base Floating

9 Clear water Requirement MLD 275.35 309.62 406.65 535.83

10 Deduction for Existing supply

(i) Siruvani as source MLD 98.32 98.32

(ii) Pillur as source MLD 125.00 125.00

(iii) River Bhavani as source MLD 23.00 23.00

(iv) River Azhiyar as source MLD 9.00 9.00

Total Existing Supply 255.32 255.32 255.32 255.32

Net quantity 20.03 54.29 151.33 280.50

10 Losses in Transmission @1% MLD 0.20 0.54 1.51 2.81

11 MLD 20.23 54.84 152.84 283.31

12 Losses in WTP @3% MLD 0.61 1.65 4.59 8.50

13 MLD 20.83 56.48 157.43 291.81

14 Losses in raw water main@ 1% MLD 0.21 0.56 1.57 2.92

15 Raw water requirement MLD 21.04 57.05 159.00 294.72

16 Gross Requirement MLD 25.00 60.00 160.00 295.00

Proposed Water Supply System

Water SupplyZone - 4

Water SupplyZone - 3

Water SupplyZone - 2

Water SupplyZone - 1

Water SupplyZone - 5

Water SupplyZone - 6

Water SupplyZone - 7

Kuniyamuthur Kurichi

Thudiyalur

Vellakinar

Chinna

Saravanampatti

Vila

nkur

ichi

Kalapatti

Vadavalli

Veerakeralam

Goundampalayam

vedampatti

Old Corporation

Old Corporation

Bharathi Park

Ramakrishnapuram

Karattumedu

Press Enclave

GoundampalayamBooster Station

Old MSR

RamakrishnapuramNew MSR

Tapping Point

Jai NagarProposed Sump

MBR

Proposed MBR

Proposed Water Supply System

Core City Areas

Vellakinar and Chinnavedampatti Areas

Ward No. 32 Ward No. 33 to 36

Ramakrishnapuram MSR2 Nos - 30.0 LL Capacity

Bharathi Park HLR38.87 LL Capacity

Siruvani Scheme

Pillur Scheme Pillur-III Scheme

Chinnavedampatti5.0 LL Capacity Sump Ward No. 28 to 31

Zone-1

Zone-2

Zone-7

Core City Areas

Saravanampatti, Vilankurichi and Kalapatti Areas

Zone-6

Ward No. 26 & 43 Ward No. 27 to 42

98.32 MLD

125.0 MLD

Inter.150.85 MLD

Pillur Scheme

Bhavani Scheme

Siruvani Scheme

Aliyar Scheme

L e g e n d :

Pillur - III Scheme

Interlinking

Ramakrishnapuram MSRto Koundampalayam BS

Pro.Sump at Jai Nagar 11.0 LL Capacity

Ulti 50.85 MLD

Int. 87.56 MLD

Ulti.115.38 MLD

82.

81 M

LD

Ulti .32.57 MLD

Int.

48

.47

MLD

Ulti

.69

.85

MLD

Int. 154.07 MLD

Ulti.203.05 MLD

Int. 10.89MLD

Ulti.14.35 MLD

Int. 30.33MLD

Ulti.39.98 MLD

125

.0 M

LD

Int. 27.34 MLD

Ulti

23

1.3

2 M

LD

Int.

10

9.6

3 M

LD

Ulti 285.65 MLDIncluding Fire and Industiral Demand

Int.4.75 MLD

Ward No. 94 to 100

Kuruchi AreasInt. 37.69 MLD

Ulti.49.67 MLD

Ward No. 87 to 93

Kuniyamuthur Areas

Int. 29.59 MLD

Ulti.38.99 MLD

KuniyamuthurProposed MBR @

Press Enclave

Zone-4 Zone-3

5.2

6 M

LD

4.547 MLD

Aliyar Scheme

4.5 MLD4.5 MLD

9.0 MLD

20.543MLD

29.94 MLD

Int. 27.93 MLD

Ulti.39.91 MLD

Ward No. 16 & 17

Koundampalayam BS @11.0 LL Capacity

Bhavani Scheme

Ward No. 18 & 19

Zone-5

Koundampalayam, Vadavalli,Veerakeralam and Thudiyalur Areas

23.0 MLD

Ward No. 5 to 9

Ward No. 1 to 4

Thudiyalur

Int. 8.945 MLD

Ulti.11.806 MLD

Int. 18.50 MLD

Ulti.31.784 MLDInt. 50.445 MLD

Ulti.66.59 MLD

Interlinking fromRamakrishnapuram MSR

Proposed Sump nearSewage Form Road

Suggested KPI’s- Minimum Performance

Indicators

S.No. Bench Mark Target

1.Household coverage for Water Supply

connections100%

2. Per Capita Water Supply 150 LPCD (minimum)

3. Extent of Metering of Water Connections 100%

4. Extent of Non Revenue Water 20%

5. Continuity of Water Supply 24x7

6. Cost Recovery in Water Supply Services 100%

7. Efficiency in Collection of Charges 97%

8. Efficiency in Redressal of Customer Complaints 95%

9. Quality of Water Supplied 100%

Business Risks in Water Management

• Staffing and Organization – Need for qualified Environment engineers with

experience in Hydraulics , GIS , NRW and Distribution( Not available easily) .

• Not meeting service standards – Penalty for Operators

• Ability to invest and Financially close Concessions contracts- High working

capital intensive with negative cash flows until Normalization

• Excessive meter failures during intermittent supply – Need to provide for

failures in financial model

• Not meeting standards of leakage , quality – Need for Operator partnership

• Not satisfying customer complaints – Need for strong local management

• Capital Investment not executed properly – Need good subcontractors with

construction equipment's as contracts are performance driven .

• Collection efficiency – History of poor performance by Utilities

• Increase in number of new connections – Does not progress as per business

plan the project cash flow will get effected

• Average consumption per Cum is less than assumed – Financial risk and over

capacity problems .

Problems during Execution of 24 x 7

• Opposition from the customers for not having obtained their prior opinion

regarding implementation of 24/7 scheme

• Narrow lanes- Problem in excavation of trenches & laying of pipes

• Lack of information on existing service utilities

• Location of meter & tap-Customer opinion verses Operators obligation

• No provision for complete restoration of roads/gutters after giving House

Service Connections

• Complicated procedures in procurement of goods & hence delay in execution

• Lack of professional contractors in the market

• Availability of quality goods in market-Leads to importing of goods eg Valves,

meters .

• Less time-High target of implementation , Lack of awareness

• Unwillingness of customers to pay bills on volumetric consumption

• Objections from the property owners to lay HSCs

• Electricity problem & subsequent stoppage of bulk water

• Non disconnection of old HSCs -led to high water consumption & billing

• Confusion in boundary demarcation/ hydraulic isolation

Contract Structure: Traditional PPP Models

Won’t workPPP Model Description Why it won’t work

Concession

� Viability gap large and unknown

� Risky to finance and plan investments due to uncertainty

about asset condition.

Conclusion: Private investors won’t sign up since it is too risky,

or will charge high fees or tariffs

Lease Contract

(O&M)

Provide service to

customers to a specified

level, for a given O&M

fee

� Service levels not known

� NRW not known

� Maintenance costs difficult to predict.

Conclusion: Operators won’t sign up since it is too risky, or will

charge high fees or tariffs

Manageme

nt Contract

Provide management

services to the utility for

a fixed management fee

� No utility to manage

� Turnaround longer than 5 years, so can’t deliver sustainable

results in short contract period

� Capex program management needed

� Low private sector commitment

� Hard to have long-term incentives to match nature of

business or make accountable

Conclusion: Governments not convinced of the value from

private operator

Run the business,

finance investments,

bound to service

standards and tariff level

from contract start

Innovative PPP solutions that can respond

to India’s challenges

A. Phased Performance Based Contract

Creation of ULB level utility. Two phases, 7+3

years. Phase I, build utility. Contractor given

management fee and access to capital fund to

meet service target. Incentives for

outperformance.

� Variation 1: Cost Efficiency Model

� Variation 2: Performance Efficiency Model

In Phase II, targets re-negotiated, based on

performance. Best practices , reforms embedded.

B. Joint Venture Partnership

Creation of a new water utility, partly owned by

Government and majority owned by private

investor. New company can access concessional

finance and regulated by contract that

determines performance levels.

Where applicable?

� Low cost recovery

� Room for cost effective

improvements

� Poor financial condition

� Large VG

� Poor service levels

� City wishes to preserve flexibility

of asset ownership

Where applicable?

� High cost recovery

� Fairly strong financial position

� VG can be closed with

concessional finance

� City willing to make long term

commitment

Determines fixed fee

and performance

incentive

State Govt.

Customers

City Water

UtilityAccessible if conditions met

Receives water services Pays tariff

Managing

Company

Creates and manages

water utility

Receives fixed fee and

performance incentive

Fixed 7 year

Capital Fund

Full-service

Management

Service Contract

Value of fund= Cost

of replacing x% of

entire network

National

Govt.

AuditorMonitors households on 24/7

Monitors

guidelines for

access to funds

City Govt.

Provide concessional

funding

Structure of a Phased Performance Based

Contract (7+3 Year Phases)

Source WB

Advantages of Phased Performance Based

Contract

IssueTraditional Management

ContractPhased Performance Based Contract

Build utility Not specified Mandate includes:

- Create utility organization structure and

systems

- Create governance structure

Performance

incentives

Often weak

Numerous targets

Larger than usual.

Focus on providing households with 24*7 service

Use capital efficiency Capex not controlled by

operator

Funds not adequate

No incentives for efficiency

Capex controlled by operator

Large fund provided

Strong incentives to maximize benefits for money

spent

Long-term

sustainability and

private sector

commitment

Contract terms too short

Relationship not expected

to endure

7+3 year phases create:

- Time to do well

- Incentive to do well

Contract renewable

Serve growing

market

Inadequate finance

Little growth prospects

Utility and capex fund scaled to expected growth

Opportunities for 24x7 In India

Presented by K.Ashok Natarajan,

Chief Executive OfficerTamilnadu Water Investment Company Limited

86, Mount Road, Guindy, Chennai 600 032.Tel: +91 044 22351870/71 / Fax: +91 44 22351894 / Mobile: 9840017696

E-mail: ashokn@twic.co.inWebsite: www.twic.co.in