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Applied Science Flying Start

To be successful in Applied Biology, you will need to GET ORGANISED

Go on a shopping trip to buy your Applied Science Kit. You will need

• Loose Leaf file with sheets of paper • Cardboard dividers • Pen • Pencil • Ruler • Eraser • Coloured pencils or pens • Scientific Calculator (for example, Casio natural display

£8.99 from Argos is OK)

All of these you will need for your very first lesson

There are 5 tasks for you to do 2 X Chemistry, 2 X Physics and 1 X Biology. These need to be brought to your first lesson.

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Applied Science : Biology Tasks

1. Revise some basic biology, by completing the following tasks. On a large sheet of paper, draw diagrams of the following different types of cell. Red blood cell, white blood cell, nerve cell, muscle cell, sperm cell, bacterial cell, palisade mesophyll cell (from a plant leaf).

Label the diagrams, and explain how the structure of the different types of cell is suited to its function.

2. Find a picture of a eukaryotic cell

Draw and label it in the centre of a large piece of paper (preferably A3)

Label the following – Nucleus, Cytoplasm , Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Body, Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria , Ribosomes, Cell membrane.

For each of the above annotate with a few sentences about the function of each organelle (Structure)

3. Find a picture of a prokaryotic cell

Draw and label it in the centre of a large piece of paper (preferably A3)

Label the following – Pili, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Cell wall, Flagellum, Nucleoid, capsule

For each of the above annotate with a few sentences about the function of each organelle (Structure)

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What is the meaning of the following words:

Atom ___________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Element_________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Compound_______________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Properties of Metals Properties of Non-Metals

Label the following on the periodic table:

• Alkali Metals• Halogens• Noble gases• Groups• Periods• Metals• Non-metals

Oxygen Carbon

Hydrogen Magnesium

Copper Sulphur

Lead Gold

Silver Potassium

Calcium Iron

Nitrogen Sodium

Complete the following passage:

All the different elements are arranged in the _________ table.

Elements with similar properties are found in columns called

________ . The rows are known as _________ . The non metals are

found on the _______ side of the periodic table and the metals are

found on the ________ side of the periodic table.

What are the chemical symbols for the following elements:

Group 1 Group 7 Group 0

Symbols of elements: Symbols of elements: Symbols of elements:

List 2 chemical properties of noble gases

List 3 uses of noble gases

Describe the trend in reactivity of the noble gases as you go down the group

Describe the reaction of group 1 metals with water. What products are made during the

reaction?

Describe the trend in reactivity as you go down group one.

How do you know group 1 are metals?

What is a displacement reaction?

Which is the most reactive halogen? How do you know?

Describe 2 trends in the group 7 elements

Electronic structure of the first twenty elements in the Periodic Table Group I Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI Group VII Group 0 11H

42He

73Li

94Be 115B 126C 147N 168O 199F 2010Ne

2,8 2311Na

2412Mg 2713Al 2814Si 3115P 3216S 3517Cl 4018Ar

3919K

4020Ca TRANSITION METALS

Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr In Sn Sb Te I Xe

1. Draw the electronic structure for each element (this is shown for neon) 2. In the grey area under each structure write out the electronic structure (this is shown for neon – 2,8) Questions – What do the elements in each Group have in common? What do the elements in each Period (row) have in common? Draw and write out the electronic structure for a) a sodium ion b) a chloride ion

x

x

x x x x

x x

x x

Sound Sound waves are _____________ (transverse/longitudinal). They travel as

_________ (vibrations/EM waves). They are made up of ________

(compressions/extensions) and _________ (expansions/rarefactions) and

are detected by our _________ (ear drums/pinna). These vibrations are

converted to ________ (electrical/light) signals in the cochlea.

Sound can travel through solids, liquids and gases, but they cannot travel

through vacuums - this is because a vacuum _____________________.

Which of the following sounds are in the audible range for the average human?

12 kHz 200 Hz 21 kHz 0.5 kHz 1 Hz 0.1 MHz 15 kHz 900 Hz

Calculate the time period and frequency of each of the above waves.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

Which of the waves above has the highest pitch? Explain your answer.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

Which of the waves is the loudest? Explain your answer.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

1 Second 1 Second

Name: Class:

Waves Revision Booklet

Waves transfer ______ and information without transferring ______.

Label each of the waves as either transverse of longitudinal.

Write a sentence about how each is defined. _____________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Properties of Waves

Label the wavelength and amplitude on the wave, and complete the table below.

Complete the two equations and hence answer the following calculations.

Frequency = Wave Speed =

A radio wave has a time period of 5 x 10-7s (0.0000005 s). Calculate the

frequency and the wavelength. _______________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

Wave Property Definition

Wavelength

Amplitude

Frequency

Time Period

Diffraction

Draw on the wavelength of both waves.

Complete the above diagrams for both waves.

Define diffraction:

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

Why does one wave diffract more than the other?

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

A B

Wave

Direction

or

Refractive Index Complete the two equations for calculating the refractive index:

Refractive Index (n) = Speed of Light in Vacuum sin i Complete the above table using the equation you have just completed. Use the space below for your calculations.

A ray of light enters a glass block at 40° from the normal. The angle of refraction was 25°.

Calculate the refractive index of the glass. ________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Complete the diagram:

What use could we have for this situation?

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

What other uses do we have for total internal reflection?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Substance Speed of Light (m/s) Refractive Index

Air 300 000 000 1.0

Water 225 000 000

Perspex 200 000 000

Glass 1.5

Diamond 2.4

Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic _______ travels as _______ waves and transfers _____ from one place to another. All electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum, and they all travel at the same speed in a vacuum - the speed of _____. The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuous range of _________. The types of radiation that occur in each part of the spectrum have different uses and dangers, which depend on their wavelength and ________. Words: frequency radiation light energy wavelengths r transverse

Put the seven different sections of the EM spectrum in the table below, in order of increasing wavelength. Then complete the table.

Hazards are associated with EM radiation. List some of the dangers below. Microwaves: ___________________________________________ Infrared: _____________________________________________ Ultraviolet: ____________________________________________ Gamma-rays: ___________________________________________

Section Sources Detectors Uses

Gamma Rays Radioactive materials.

Geiger-Müller tube. Sterilising food and medical equipment, radiotherapy.

X-rays X-ray tubes. Photographic film. X-radiography.

Ultraviolet UV lamps and the Sun. Skin, photographic film.

Fluorescent tubes and UV tanning lamps.

Visible Luminous objects. Eyes, photographic film, LDRs.

Seeing, communication (optical fibres), photography.

Infrared Hot objects.

Skin, blackened thermometers.

Infrared heaters, remote controls, thermal imaging.

Microwaves Microwave transmit-ters and ovens.

Microwave receivers. Mobile phone and satellite communication, cooking.

Radio Waves Radio transmitters, TV transmitters.

Radio and TV aerials. Long-, medium- and short-wave radio, TV.

Reflection & Refraction Complete the equation for the law of reflection:

Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection

Using the law of reflection, and using a protractor, complete the follow-

ing diagram:

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection =

Give the definition of a virtual image:

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

What are the three properties of virtual image? Use the image to explain

your answers. ________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

__________________________________

Glass

Air

What causes light to refract? _____________________________

_________________________________________________

Using the diagram below, explain what happens to a ray of light as it enters and exits a more optically dense medium.

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_________________________________________________

What would happen if the angle of incidence was 0°?

_________________________________________________

What is the name of the angle labelled C?

___________________________

Explain, in as much detail as you can, what happens as the angle of incidence increases.

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

Glass

Air

Air

Glass

Air

C

Glass

Air

Name_______________ Date__________Class_______

Measuring waves

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength

(metres per second, m/s) (hertz, Hz) (metre, m)

(v) = (f) x (λ) 1. By varying the depth of the water, a student uses a wave table to produces waves with different frequencies and wavelengths.

Using the equation above can you fill in the table to calculate the different wave speeds?

Remember to change units of wavelength into meters if they are in cm.

Frequency (Hz) Wavelength (cm) Wavelength (m) Wave speed

(m/s)

10 Hz 10 cm 0.1

2.5 Hz 10 cm

30 Hz 2 cm

50 Hz 1 cm

(7 marks)

2. The student then keeps the waves speed constant and varies the frequency.

i) Can you rearrange the equation at the top of the page so you can calculate wavelength from frequency and wave speed?

(1 mark)

ii) Can you use your re-arranged equation to calculate the wavelength of the waves and fill in the table?

Wave speed

(m/s) Frequency (Hz) Wavelength (m)

0.6 24

0.6 30

0.6 12

0.6 20

(4 marks)

3. Another student goes to the beach to investigate the frequency of ocean waves. He measures the wave speed and wavelength at different points along

the beach.

i.) Can you re-arrange the equation at the top of the page so you can calculate frequency from wavelength and wave speed?

(1 mark)

ii) Can you use your re-arranged equation to calculate the frequency of the ocean waves and fill in the table?

Wave speed

(m/s) Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz)

1.5 (m/s) 0.75

1.2 (m/s) 0.4

4 (m/s) 0.5

3 (m/s) 0.3

(4 marks)

Total = /17 marks