Applied mathematics in Firenze - UniFI
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A short presentation of mathematics and applications in Florence and more Toscana Promozione 23/04/2010 Applied mathematics in Firenze
Transcript of Applied mathematics in Firenze - UniFI
A short presentation of mathematics and applications in Florence and more
Toscana Promozione23/04/2010
Applied mathematics in Firenze
Main actorsDepartment of Mathematics ”U. Dini”Università degli Studi di Firenze
Department of Applied mathematics ”G. Sansone”Università degli Studi di Firenze
Industrial Innovation Through Technological Transfer Onlus
Mathematical physics group
● Main research topics– Mathematical modelling and industrial
applications
– Free boundary problems
– Bio-mathematics
– Mechanics of continuum media
I2T3 - presentation● Project management of interdisciplinary research
project
● Technology transfer
● Mathematical modelling for industrial applications
● Applied ICT, infomobility, logistics etc.
● New materials (analysis, assessment and evaluation)
● Scientific analysis design
● Energy and environment
● etc.
Main applied mathematics experiences
● Thermo-fluid dynamics for industrial applications
● Transport modelling● Modelling for electronics applications ● Fluid filtration and porous media● Materials modelling ● Applied free boundary problems● Other problems
BLOWDOWN
● Funded by ENI● Rapid discharge for
security reasons● Temperature falling of
20-30 K in short time● Need to design vessel
to resist temperature and pressure stress
● Modelling is necessary to avoid cracks
BLOWDOWN
● Mixture of hydrocarbons in gas/liquid phase in pressure vessel
● Rapid discharge, thus need to take into account phase transition during discharge. NON-EQUILIBRIUM phase change!
● All previous models assumed just one phase, or thermodynamic equilibrium between phases
● Needed to perform modelling and simulations (write a new code for simulations)
BLOWDOWN – published results● Blowdown process
● Good agreement with experiments● Fast/reliable and robust algorithm
Multiphase● Funded by ENI● Solve phase equilibria of polydisperse
hydrocarbons● Possibly large number of components● Use fast and non-scalable algorithm
Multiphase – published results
● Excellent agreement with commercial software
● Non-scalable algorithm
● Globally stable solution reached
● Compiled as library for blowdown simulation software
WAX – Deposition in pipelines● Funded by ENI● Wax deposits by Fickian diffusion ● Prediction of the amount of deposited wax
Wax – Laboratory studies
● Cold Finger ● Wax diffusivity and
solubility detection● Deposit measures● Latent heat● Ageing
Liquid-liquid dispersions● Two immiscible liquids (eg.
Water and oil) are mixed in some container
● Model evolution of droplets size distribution of the dispersed phase
● Competing mechanisms: coalescence, breakage and scattering
Liquid-Liquid dispersion
● Wide range of industrial applications
● Local behaviour of drops pourly understood
● Static instability can be a problem
Coalescence Complexity
Plasma and PVD modelling
● Funded by GVS● Modelling of glow
discharge in plasma and PVD
● Typically used to metalize headlights for automotive
● Plastic substrate of projectors is alluminated, and then, covered with a thin polymer film (HMDSO)
PVD modelling● Model simple 3D
geometry● Simplify physical
conditions of atmosphere and electric discharge
● Simulate plasma conditions in different configurations of the plant (one/two electrodes, different shapes, varying distance of the electrodes and so on)
PVD – Published results● Reliable and flexible
modelling● Based on drift-diffusion,
and Poisson equation● Allows the simulation of
different geometries and plant configurations
● Useful for R&D of new plants, shape optimization etc.
Semiconductor modelling● Quantum-corrected fluid-dynamic models of
multiband electronic devices● Applications to:
– Interband resonant tunneling diodes
– Spintronic field-effect transistors
– TeraHertz superlattice oscillator
Semiconductors – results● Simulated behavior of a SL oscillator
● Simulated behavior of a interband device
● Experimental agreement
Noise in optical fibers● Funded by CNIT● Issue: modelling nonlinear noise-signal
interaction in telecommunication optical fibers● Result: deterministic equations for the
statistics of the output signal+noise
Fluid filtration and porous media
● Many applications– Hydrologic models (e.g. Pollutants diffusions,
landfills modelling, water reservoir modelling and so on)
– Geothermal modelling (wells and reservoir modelling)
– Oil production
– Industrial applications (evapotranspiration, filtration, comfort etc.)
Waste waters filtration model● Many projects; lately:
– GOFIM (2009 - funded by FRI): application of a filtration model to an industrial plant for drinking water. The plant is made by GAC (granular avctivated carbons) filters joint with an Ultra Filtration filtering system based on immerged hollow fibers modules.
– PURIFAST (2009 – 2012 funded by EU Life+): application of modelling techniques to pilot and pre-industrial plants based on membrane filters (Hollow Fibers and Multi-Bore) to clean industrial and municipal waste waters.
Membrane filtering models (ctd.)● Main problem in membrane filtering
systems: due to the pressure difference the particles to be filtered eventually soil the membrane (adsoprtion and/or pores clogging). This process (the s.c. fouling) increases the pressure difference ( = energy cost).
● Modelling task: – describing filtration process by the coupling of the
hydrodynamic problem with the transport/adsorption of particles.
– optimizing product and process parameters (on the basis of simulations)
Membrane filtering models (ctd.)Several models describing:✗ The single cycle of filtration and back wash step (1D or 2D
models).
✗ The whole step of filtration (typical some days), made by several cycles
Hydrological and Hydrogeological modelling
● Many projects; lately:✗ MAC-GEO (2008 – 2010, funded by Tuscan
Regional government): modelling geothermal reservoirs.
✗ SID&GRID (2010 – 2013, funded by Tuscan Regional government): modelling the whole system of surface and subsurface waters.
Hydrological and Hydrogeological modelling (ctd.)
Several topics:● Geothermal systems:
thermodynamics (phase equilibria), modelling withdrawal zone and well productivity, etc.
● Shallow and groundwaters: response to climate inputs (evapotranspiration, infiltration, runoff), unsaturated zone flow, coupling with streams and lakes, pollutant transport,..
Geothermal Reservoir Modelling
Modelling of Glass Fibers Manufacturing
Process Stages:
1. Slow flow in the die,
2. Jet formation under rapid cooling,
3. Terminal fiber profile.
Modelling of Glass Fibers Manufacturing
• Velocity in the die ~ 1mm/s
• Terminal velocity ~ 30m/s
• Fast cooling of the free jet change dramatically all physical parameters
• Tasks: to model all process stages
Marble deterioration● Funded by ICR ● Marble deteriorates
due to a chemical reaction induced by atmospheric agents (temperature, humidity etc.)
● Need to model evolution of front between marble and external gypsum
Marble deterioration● Modelling allows to foresee
evolution, with and without restoration procedure
Free boundary and food industry● Crust formation in the
frying chip is a free boundary problem
● Front between crust and water saturated region evolves as chip fryes
● Modelling allows right setting of cooking parameters (time, oil temperature etc.) to get a good chip
Free boundary and food industry
● Similar problem for spaghetti cooking
● Model cooking process as moving free boundary
low porosity core
swelling region
gelatinized region
A two-stage process:
• water penetration
• gelatinization
AUTON, from CAD to CAM● Model motion of
cutting head on the surface
● Replace usual NURBS surface reconstruction, from CAD, with a surface of triangles
● Reduce offset problem (ie, where to position head)
Neural Networks
Last most relevant projects: SSAMM (funded by Foundation for Research and Innovation of Florence University), ARPAT (funded by ARPAT), Montevarchi (funded by Municipality of Montevarchi)
Application:
• Traffic forecasting: flow forecast, travel time forecast, speed forecast
• Emission forecasting
• Best price prediction in public contracts
Transport Management
Most relevant projects: Fortezza (funded by Municipality of Florence, Metromob (founded by Municipality of Florence)
Application:
Traffic impact simulation of the new parking area near Fortezza da Basso
Ticket price optimization for public transport
Inverse Problems● Active Infrared Thermography for non destructive
evaluation of corrosion damages on thin metallic slabs.
Other topics● Biological modelling
– Tumour growth dynamics
– Bones growth dynamics● Sociological modelling and criminality
● Industrial modelling
– Polymer formation
– Sedimentation
– Fluid dynamics of complex fluids
– Rheology
– Composite materials● etc
Our applied mathematics network
● Industrial partners and public bodies– ENI spa, ENEL spa, Galileo Vacuum Systems
srl, TNT group, Publiacqua spa, Gida spa, ATAF, Comune di Firenze, Comune di Montevarchi, ATAF, NT Tecnotessile, AUTON (aggiungere filtri)
● Applied mathematics networks– SIMAI (member of DB), ICIAM, ECMI, EMS
Our applied mathematics network
● Italian institutes– MOX Politecnico di Milano, Politecnico di
Torino, Università di Catania, CRS4, Università di Bologna, Università di Pavia, Scuola Normale di Pisa, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, IAC-CNR, IASI-CNR, Ist. Europeo Oncologico etc.
● EU and others– ITWM, UCM Madrid, Carlos III Madrid,
Université Lyon 1, King's College London, Texas A&M University, Universidad de Oviedo, Universidad de Cadiz, OCIAM etc.
...and more work● Hydrogen fuel cells for public transport● Operative research and global optimization● Neural networks and artificial intelligence● Computer science and software engineering● Materials analysis and new materials● Sensors technology, ICT-Wireless etc.● Robotics and mechatronics● Mechanical engineering and prototyping● Process optimization and logistics● MIND Project
MIND project
● Open agreements with laboratories and departments from Università di Firenze and CNR
● Rapid access to laboratories and highly specialized competences
● Projects can reduce to small size, such as single analysis
● I2T3 works as front-office
