Applications of Hydraulics&Pneumatics : Session 12

8/3/2019 Applications of Hydraulics&Pneumatics : Session 12

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12pplications of

Hydraulic Pneumatics&By: Alireza Safikhani

2 Applied Circuits

Actuators

Pneumatic actuators are made in a w ide variety ofPneumatic actuators are made in a wide variety of

sizes, styles and types including the followingsizes, styles and types including the following

Single acting with and w ithout spring returnSingle acting with and w ithout spring return

Double actingDouble acting

Non cushioned and fixed cushionedNon cushioned and fixed cushioned

Adjustable cushionedAdjustable cushioned

MagneticMagnetic

RodlessRodless

RotaryRotary

ClampingClamping BellowsBellows

Double acting magnetic

A magnetic band around the circumference of theA magnetic band around the circum ference of the

piston operates reed switches to indicate positions ofpiston operates reed switches to indicat e positions of

stroke.stroke.


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Clamping cylinder

Normally sprungNormally sprung instrokedinstroked

Click the illustration to start and stop animation

Clamping cylinder

Double acting double ended piston rodDouble acting double ended piston rod

Click the illustration to start and stop animation

Non rotational guiding

For applications where loadsFor applications where loads

attached to the piston rodattached to the piston rod

end need guiding toend need guiding to

maintain orientationmaintain orientation

Guided compact cyl indersGuided compact cyl indersincorporate twin guide barsincorporate twin guide bars

running in bearings withinrunning in bearings within

the extruded cyl inder bodythe extruded cyl inder body


ISO 32 to 100 bore cyl inders with non rotating piston rod.ISO 32 to 10 0 bore cyl inders with non rotating piston rod.

Feature continuous flats running the length of the rod w hichFeature continuous flats running the length of the rod w hich

run in a matching bearing.run in a matching bearing.

For resisting lightFor resisting light torsionaltorsional loads only.loads only. twist in antwist in an outstrokedoutstroked rod can occur at higher torque.rod can occur at higher torque.


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Add on guide block unitsAdd on guide block units

with sl ide or rol lerwith sl ide or rol ler

guides.guides. provide non rotationalprovide non rotational

guiding and greaterguiding and greater

support against highersupport against higher

loads.loads.

For low friction and bestFor low friction and best

support use the versionsupport use the version

with tw in rol ler guideswith tw in rol ler guides

These units can be fittedThese units can be fitted

with tw in passive orwith tw in passive oractive locking cartridges.active locking cartridges.


Linear slide units.Linear slide units.

For precise actuationFor precise actuation

high quality sl idehigh quality slidebearingsbearings

provide exceptionalprovide exceptional

torsionaltorsional rigidity with arigidity with a

tw in throughtwin through--rod layoutrod layout

magnetic pistonmagnetic piston

choice of port connectionchoice of port connection

positions.positions.

Locking and braking

For safety in the event of airFor safety in the event of air

failure or as part of afailure or as part of a

machine sequence.machine sequence.

Stop and hold a load at anyStop and hold a load at any

position in the stroke.position in the stroke.

Passive or active piston rodPassive or active piston rod

locking unitlocking unit

A range of these add onA range of these add on

units is designed to suit ISOunits is designed to suit ISO

cylinders from 32 mm to 125cylinders from 32 mm to 125

mm bore.mm bore.

Rodless Cylinders

RodlessRodless cylinders for:cylinders for:

Limited spacesLimited spaces

Simple instal lationSimple instal lation

Long strokesLong strokes

Neat attractive styl ingNeat attractive styl ing

High speedHigh speed

Precision controlPrecision control

Large range:Large range:

Variants in structuralVariants in structural

strengthstrength

Twin strokeTwin stroke

Active brakin gActive brak ing

Passive brakingPassive braking

Curved designCurved design

Electric driveElectric drive

Corrosion resistantCorrosion resistant


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Operating principle

The sealing strips are parted and closed as theThe sealing strips are parted and closed as the

piston moves through the strokepiston moves through the stroke

Adjustable cushionsAdjustable cushions Dual connection ports at the left hand endDual connection ports at the left hand end

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Rodless applied

For action across a stripFor action across a strip

processprocess

No overhang or mechanismNo overhang or mechanismrequired compared to arequired compared to a

conventional pistonconventional piston

rod cyl inderrod cyl inder

The application shows aThe application shows a

flying knife typical of use inflying knife typical of use in

the paper productionthe paper production

industryindustry

Rodless applied

Lifting in places with l imitedLifting in places with l imited

headroomheadroom

Actuation contained w ithinActuation contained w ithin

the length of the cyl inderthe length of the cyl inder

bodybody

Rodless Overview

Extruded aluminium alloyExtruded aluminium alloy

cylinder barrel with integralcyl inder barrel with integral

bearing guidesbearing guides

Internally or externallyInternally or externally

guided carriageguided carriage

Roller guided carriageRoller guided carriage

Double carriagesDouble carriages

Integral valve optionIntegral valve option

Bore sizes 16 to 80mmBore sizes 16 to 80mm

Strokes up to 8.5 mStrokes up to 8.5 m

Adjustable cushionAdjustable cushion

Single end connectionsSingle end connections

Magnetic piston optionMagnetic piston option

Dual integral grooves forDual integral grooves for

sensor mountingsensor mounting


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Bellows

Double convolution typeDouble convolution type

Speed control

The maximum natural speed of a cyl inder is determined by:The maximum natural speed of a cyl inder is determined by:

the cylinder size,the cylinder size,

the ports size,the ports size, inlet and exhaust valve flow,inlet and exhaust valve flow,

the air pressure,the air pressure,

the bore and length of the hoses,the bore and length of the hoses,

the load against which the cyl inder is working.the load against which the cyl inder is working.

Speed control

Once a valve, cylinder, pressure and load are selected ,Once a valve, cylinder, pressure and load are selected ,

adjustable speed control is effected with flow regulators.adjustable speed control is effected with flow regulators.

Speed is regulated by control l ing the flow of air to exhaustSpeed is regulated by control l ing the flow of air to exhaust

The front port regulator controls the outstroke speed and theThe front port regulator controls the outstroke speed and the

rear port regulator controls therear port regulator controls the instrokeinstroke speed.speed.

Increasing speed

In some applicationsIn some applications

cylinder speed can becylinder speed can be

increased by 50% whenincreased by 50% when

using a quick exhaust valve.using a quick exhaust valve.

When operated, air from theWhen operated, air from thefront of the cylinderfront of the cylinder

exhausts directly throughexhausts directly through

the quick exhaust valve.the quick exhaust valve.

Built in cushioning wil l beBuilt in cushioning wil l be

less effective.less effective.


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Cylinder air consumption

To estimate the total average air consumption of aTo estimate the total average air consumption of a

pneumatic system make a calculation for eachpneumatic system make a calculation for each

cylinder in the system. Add these together and addcylinder in the system. Add these together and add5% .5% .

It is important to understand that the instantaneousIt is important to understand that the instantaneous

flow requirement for a system will be higher thanflow requirement for a system will be higher than

the average and in some cases very much higher.the average and in some cases very much higher.

Table of consumption Take each figureTake each figure

and multiply byand multiply by

the stroke in mm .the stroke in mm .

For pressuresFor pressuresother than 6 barother than 6 bar

multiply by themultiply by the

absolute pressureabsolute pressure

divided by seven.divided by seven.

stroke at 6 bar

Boremm

Rodmm

Push strokeconsumptiondm3/mm of

stroke at 6 bar

Pull strokeconsumptiondm3/mm of

Combinedconsumptiondm3/mm ofstroke/cycle

10 4 0.00054 0.00046 0.00100

12 6 0.00079 0.00065 0.00144

16 6 0.00141 0.00121 0.00262

20 8 0.00220 0.00185 0.00405

25 10 0.00344 0.00289 0.00633

32 12 0.00563 0.00484 0.01047

40 16 0.00880 0.00739 0.01619

50 20 0.01374 0.01155 0.02529

63 20 0.02182 0.01962 0.04144

80 25 0.03519 0.03175 0.06694

100 25 0.05498 0.05154 0.10652125 32 0.0859 0.08027 0.16617

160 40 0.14074 0.13195 0.27269

200 40 0.21991 0.21112 0.43103

250 50 0.34361 0.32987 0.67348

Table of thrust and pulls d/a

Cylinderbore mm(inches)

Piston roddiameter

mm (inches)

Thrust N at6 bar

Pull Nat 6 bar

8 3 30 25

10 4 47 39

12 6 67 50

16 6 120 10320 8 188 158

25 10 294 246

32 12 482 414

40 16 753 633

44.45 (1.75) 16 931 810

50 20 1178 989

63 20 1870 1681

76.2 (3) 25 2736 2441

80 25 3015 2721

100 25 4712 4418

125 32 7363 6881

152.4 (6) (1 1/2) 10944 10260

160 40 12063 11309

200 40 18849 18095

250 50 29452 28274

304.8 (12) (2 1/4) 43779 42240

320 63 48254 46384

355.6 (14) (2/14) 59588 58049

The pull values are lowerdue to the annular area ofthe piston

The values shown hereare for a working pressureof 6 bar

For another pressure inbar, multiply the thrustvalues in the table by thatpressure then divide by 6

Applications of Hydraulics&Pneumatics : Session 12

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Transcript of Applications of Hydraulics&Pneumatics : Session 12