APPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS - Springer978-1-4684-2427-0/1.pdfAPPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS (a) General...

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APPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS (a) General Seminars Ansari, S.M.R. Chaudhri, B.D.Nag Cook, A.H. Deacon, Sir George Ijaz, L. Ijaz, M.A. Lee, B.W. Penrose, R. Ruffini, R. Salam, A. and Chaudhri, B.D.Nag Seraphin, B.O. Welling, H. (b) Special Seminars Ali, Mansoor Asensio, G.Medrano Bakri, M. Balogun, Ekun-daya E. i) Interplanetary Space Exploration ii) The Physics of Outer Layers of the Sun Environmental Needs of Developing Countries i) Some Current Mathematical Problems in Geophysics ii) Geophysics (Questions and Answers Meeting) Antarctic Ocean Innovative Physics Teaching i) Discovery of New Isotopes of Thalium ii) Project UNISOR at Oak Ridge New Results in Particle Physics Black Holes i) Black Holes (Theory) ii) Cosmology 421 Discussion on Physics and National R&D Needs Solar Energy (Questions and Answers Meeting) Special Laser Problems Defect States in Pure and Stabilized Zr0 2 Planning Nuclear Power Droplet Model of Liquid Gas Phase Transition Physics, Weather and Climatic Changes

Transcript of APPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS - Springer978-1-4684-2427-0/1.pdfAPPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS (a) General...

Page 1: APPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS - Springer978-1-4684-2427-0/1.pdfAPPENDIX I LIST OF SEMINARS (a) General Seminars Ansari, ... PINSTECH, Rawalpindi PINSTECH, ... Kanpur Quaid-i-Azam University

APPENDIX I

LIST OF SEMINARS

(a) General Seminars

Ansari, S.M.R.

Chaudhri, B.D.Nag

Cook, A.H.

Deacon, Sir George

Ijaz, L.

Ijaz, M.A.

Lee, B.W.

Penrose, R.

Ruffini, R.

Salam, A. and Chaudhri, B.D.Nag

Seraphin, B.O.

Welling, H.

(b) Special Seminars

Ali, Mansoor

Asensio, G.Medrano

Bakri, M.

Balogun, Ekun-daya E.

i) Interplanetary Space Exploration

ii) The Physics of Outer Layers of the Sun

Environmental Needs of Developing Countries

i) Some Current Mathematical Problems in Geophysics

ii) Geophysics (Questions and Answers Meeting)

Antarctic Ocean

Innovative Physics Teaching

i) Discovery of New Isotopes of Thalium

ii) Project UNISOR at Oak Ridge

New Results in Particle Physics

Black Holes

i) Black Holes (Theory)

ii) Cosmology

421

Discussion on Physics and National R&D Needs

Solar Energy (Questions and Answers Meeting)

Special Laser Problems

Defect States in Pure and Stabilized Zr02

Planning Nuclear Power

Droplet Model of Liquid Gas Phase Transition

Physics, Weather and Climatic Changes

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LIST OF SEMINARS

Chaudhuri, B.D.Nag

Forouhi, Abdul Rahim

Gul, Khunab

Ijaz, L.

Ishaq, A.F.M.

Khan, A.Rashid

Massachi, Manouchehr

Matrosudirjo, Suwarto

Natera, M.G.

Rao, Y.S.T.

Rhee, Chunghi

Ruffini, R.

Sacli, Omer Asim

Sadiq, A.

Saplakoglu, Adnan

Sayakanit, Virulh

Taha, M. O.

422

Low Energy Nuclear Facilities and the Programme in India

Diffuse Electron Scattering from Disordered UO .85 < x < 1.23 x ~-

Nuclear Reaction Studies with 14.1 MeV Neutrons

The Growth of Energy Demand and Survey of World's Energy Resources

Radiative Neutron Capture Studies with Thermal Neutrons

Gravitational Analogue of the Magnetic Force

Surface Diffusion in Sintering

Work of National Institute of Physics in Indonesia

Materials Research at Philippines Atomic Research Centre

Ground State of Liquid Helium 3

Electrical Properties of Amorphous Semiconductors

Black Holes

Effect of Ordering and Spin Compensation on the Specific Heat of Dilute Magnetic Alloys

Transport Coefficients for a Dilute Magnetic System

Radioisotope X-ray Fluorescence

Path Integral Approach to Disordered Systems

Caus_ali ty and the Proton­Neutron Electromagnetic Mass Difference

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Name

Afzal, F.A.

Ahmad, Aminuddin

Ahmad, Irshad

Ahmad, Mahmood

Ahmad, Naeem

Ahmed, Faiz

Ahmed, Masud

Ahmed, Nisar

Ali, Mansoor

Alsharbati, T.M.

Amatya, Kedar Govinda

Ansari, S.M.Raza­ullah

Asensio, Gregoria Medrano

Ashraf, Shahid

Aslam, J.

Aslam, Mohammad

Azhar, Iqbal Ali

Bakri, Mahmood Mohamed

APPENDIX II

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Institution

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Basrah University, Basrah

Tribandham University Kathmandu

Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh

University of Madrid, Madrid

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PAEC, Islamabad

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Cairo University, Cairo

Balogun, Ekundaya E.University of IFE, ILE-IFE

Bhatti, Nasim

Bokhari, S.J.H.

Bounhar, Mohammad

Bukhari, A.H.S.

Celik, Tarik

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Rabat University, Rabat

University of Sind Jamshoro

Hacettepe University,Ankara

423

Country

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Iraq

Nepal

India

Spain

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Egypt

Nigeria

Pakistan

Pakistan

Morocco

Pakistan

Turkey

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424 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Name Institution Country

Chaudhry, Nazir Ahmad Engineering University Lahore

Pakistan

Chaudhuri, B.D.Nag Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi

India

Chaudhury, A.Musawwir Space & Atmospheric Research Bangladesh Centre, Dacca

Chaudhury, Ghulam Rasul

Chaudhury, Nazir Ahmad

Dransej, Saleh

Durrani, I.R.

Fard, Ali Asghar Torabi

Fayyazuddin

Forouhi, Abdul Rahim

Gondal, Ashraf

Gul, Khunab

Gustafsson, Silas

Hamdani, Abbas Jafar

Haroon, M.R.

Hashmi, Riaz Ahmed

Hasnain, Syed Ahmed

Housari, Ahmed lJIahmood

Hussain, Anser

Hussain, Syed

Hussain, Syed

Sheikh

Abid

Salim

University of Multan Multan

Punjab University, Lahore

Royal Scientific Society of Jordan, Amman

Pakistan

Pakistan

Jordan

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Atomic Energy Organization Iran of Iran, Tehran

Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan Islamabad

Atomic Energy Organization Iran of Iran, Tehran

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Chalmers University, Goteborg Sweden (At present UNESCO Expert at Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad)

Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan Islamabad

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Karachi University, Karachi Pakistan

Karachi Nuclear Power Plant Pakistan Karachi

University of Damascus Damascus

Karachi University, Karachi

UDiversity of Malaya Kaula Lampur

Villa Beali Sejolir, Founex

Syria

Pakistan

Malaysia

Switzerland

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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Name

Ij az, Mrs. Lubna

Ijaz, M.A.

Intezar, Naseem

Iqbal, Mohammad

Iqbal, M.Zafar

Ishaq, A.F.M.

Jameel, M.

Karim, A.

Keryo, Usman

Khaliquzzaman, M.

Khan, A.M.

Khan, Abdul Moyeen

Khan, A.Rashid

Khan, A.Waheed

425

Institution Country

Virgina Polytechnic Institute U.S.A. Blacksburg, Virgina

Virgina Polytechnic Institute U.S.A. Blacksburg, Virgina

Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan Islamabad

Engineering University, Lahore Pakistan

Quaid-i-Azam University Pakistan Islamabad

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

University of Sind, Jamshoro Pakistan

Bangladesh Atomic Energy Bangladesh Commission, Dacca

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Dacca University, Dacca

S.E.College, Bahawalpur

Gomal University, D.I.Khan

Khan, Anwarur Rahman Dacca University, Dacca

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Pakistan

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Khan, Q.H.

Khan, S.H.

Khattak, M.Ali

Khawaja, E.E.

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Peshawar University, Peshawar

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Khondoker, A.I.F.M.M. Dacca University, Dacca

Kponou, A. University of Sierra Leone Free Town

Lee, Faj Tsen University of Malaya Kuala Lampur

Massachi, Manochehr Pars College, Tehran

Matrosudirjo, Indonesian Institute of Suwarto Sciences, Bandug

Migahed, Mohammad King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah

Mirza, J.A. PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Bangladesh

Sierra Leone

Malaysia

Iran

Indonesia

Saudi Arabia

Pakistan

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426

Name

Mubarak, M.A.

Mubarakmand, Samar

Mufti, A.R.

Mujib, Farhan

Mujib, Fawzia

Najam, Ramzan

Naqvi, Ather Saeed

Natera, Manolito Garcia

Nayyar, A.Hameed

Nazar, Fateh M.

Nduka, A.

Niazi, Ahsan

Pandey, Sada Nand

Qadeer, Ahmed

Qadir, Asghar

Qazi, M.N.

Qureshi, LH.

Rafi, M.

Ramchandran, V.

Rao,Y.S.Trivikrama

Raoof, M.A.

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Institution

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Government College, Lahore

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh

Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

University of Riyadh Riyadh

Philippines Atomic Energy Commission, Quezon City

Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad

Punjab University, Lahore

University of IFE, ILE-IFE

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

MMM Engineering College Gorakhpur

Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Karachi University, Karachi

University of Sri Lanka Colombo

Calicut University, Calicut

Karachi University, Karachi

Country

Pakistan

Pak~stan

Pakistan

India

India

Pakistan

Saudi Arabia

Philippines

Pakistan

Pakistan

Nigeria

Pakistan

India

India

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan

Sri Lanka

Raoof, Shamim Akhtar Government College for Women, Lahore

India

Pakistan

Pakistan

Rashid, Khalid

Rasul, Ghulam

Rehman, Saifur

Riazuddin

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Polytechnic Institute, Kabul Afghanistan

P.C.S.LR., Karachi Pakistan

P.A.E.C., Islamabad Pakistan

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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Name

Rhee, Chunghi

Sacli, Omer Asim

Sadiq, A.

Santoso, Budi

Saplakoglu, Adnan

Sayakanit, Virulh

Shafiq, Mohammad

427

Institution Country

Kyung Hee University, Seoul Korea

Hacettepe University, Ankara Turkey

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

National Atomic Energy Indonesia Commission of Indonesia, Yogyakarta

Turkish Atomic Energy Turkey Commission, Ankara

Chaulalongkorn University Thailand Bangkok

Engineering University, Lahore Pakistan

Shah, S.Maqsood Ali P.C.S.I.R., Peshawar Pakistan

Shahin, Issa

Shalaby, Mostafa Mohammad

University of Jordan, Amman

King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah

Shaukat, Mumtaz Ali Punjab University, Lahore

Jordan

Saudi Arabia

Pakistan

Shoaib, K.A. PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Siddiqui, I.M. PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Srobar, Fedor Czech Academy of Sciences Czechoslovakia Prague

Subhendhu, Guha Tata Institute, Bombay India

Sultana, Q. PINSTECH, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Syed, Abdus Sattar Bangladesh Council of Scien- Bangladesh

Taha, M.O.

tific & Industrial Research, Dacca

University of Khartoom Khartoom

Sudan

Tajia, May On

Uppal, Pervez

Institute of Technology,Bandung Indonesia

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Usmani, Qamar Nasir Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

Venkatraman, Malathy Devi

Wahid, A.

Win, See Myint

St. Agnes College, Mangalore Karnataka

PINSTECH, Rawalpindi

Art & Science University Rangoon

Pakistan

India

India

Pakistan

Burma

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428

Name

Yasin, M.

Zaman, Arif-uz

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Institution

University of Riyadh, Riyadh

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad

Country

Saudi Arabia

Pakistan

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INDEX

Abelian group, 344 Acousto-optic deflector, 175 Adatom, 69, 70, 90, 91, 92 Adsorption

effect on work function, 81 Amphidromic point, 288 Arrhenius factor, 89 Attenuator, 170, 172 Avalanche effect, 107

Barrier model of surfaces Bardeen, 67 simple, 64

BCS density of states, 127 BCS theory, 128-130 Beam splitter, 171 Beat signal, 11 Binding energy, gravitational, 303 Black holes, 370-375, 383, 384,

406-420 Bond

chemical, 75, 77, 78, 80, 81 covalent, 69, 70, 79, 80

Bosons massive neutral vector, 344 gauge, vector, 343-344

Brans-Dicke theory, 384 Bullen's model, 223, 225, 235,

241, 242

Cartwright and Munk method of analysing tides, 289

Catalysis, 53, 79, 81, 82 Catalysts

metals, 54, 56, 81 nature of, 91

Charge gravitational, 302, 303

429

electric, 302, 304 Charm, 302, 308, 310

quantum number, 349-350 Charmed particles, 349-354 Chemical composition of earth,

218 Chemical vapor deposition in thin

films, 201, 210, 214 Chemisorption, 67, 69, 70, 72,

73, 79, 81 Christoffel symbol, 390 Color centre lasers, 18 Color quantum numbers, 302-304,

330-333, 335-336, 341 Communication, 162, 177 Comparator, 168, 170-172, 174-175 Conducti vi ty

bulk, 62, 63 profile, 62 surface, 63

Conformal representation, 385-387 Continental drift, 253 Continental shelves, 271 Cooper pair, 131, 133, 138, 140,

149 Core, earth's, 223-225, 238, 239,

242-243 Cosmic censorship, 404, 405, 410,

412 Creep of the material of the

earth's interior, 230, 246, 260

Critical mass of stars, 363, 369, 375

Cryogenic temperature, 98 Cryostats, 102, 119 Crystal rectifiers, 166

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430

Current density in superconductor 143

Curvature of space time, 303, 307 tensor, 393-396

Cutting profile, 34 Cuvette dye lasers, 5, 8

line width of, 5 velocity profile in, 6

C W dye laser, 4, 9, 18

Decays a-decay, 309, 340, 341 a-decay, strangeness changing, 341 hadronic, 351 matrix elements for V-decay, 345 ~-decay, 340, 341 semileptonic, 354, 355 weak, of charmed hadrons, 350

de Haas 'ran Alphen effect, 118 Density

Bardeen, 57, 90 bulk, 69 bulk liquid, 60 electron density distribution, 56, 61, 68, 69, 71 profile, 61, 71, 77 vapour, 60

Diffusion, 85, 88, 89 constant, 84 equation, 84 in phase space, 87

Dimuon events, 355 Discontinuity

Mohorovicic, 250, 260 Conrad, 250

Dye cell, 5 turbulent flow in, 8

Dye lasers, 8, 9, 20

Earth, 167 Earth quakes, 221" 247, 26.1, 27:1;

290 predictions of, 273

Eddington-Finklestein co-ordinates, 401, 402

Einstein field equations, 395, 400, 417 summation convention, 388 tensor, 375 theory, 375, 383, 384, 394

INDEX

Ekman theory, 291 Elastic modulii, 217, 222, 225,

226, 234, 235, 238, 240, 241, 244, 246, 274

Electric current in sea, 296 Electron

affinity, 69 correlation, 66, 67

Electron-electron interaction, 64-67

Electro-optic effect, 170, 172, 174

Endoscopical methods, 30 Equation of state

Gruneisen, 237 shock .rave, 236, 239, 240 terrestrial,234, 235, 244

Equivalence principle, 302-304, 389-393

Erythrocytes, 30 Excimer lasers, 18 Eyring equation, 246

Fibre-bundle, 308, 314, 317 Flavour quantum number, 302,

304, 310, 330 Floyed-Penrose process, 373 Fleuorescence, lifetime of, 61,

62 Flux

creep, 113 magnetic, 109, 110 quantisation, 111, 112, 118

Fokker Planck equations, 84, 89, 91, 92

Frequency mixing, 18, 20, 29 Friction

constant, 90, 92 limit, 85

Friedel oscillations, 61 Friedmann model, 384, 416-418

Gap anisotropy in super conduc-tors, 128

Gauge Invariance, 331, 332, 335 parameters, 307 unification, 312, 314, 347

Gauge Theory nonabelian, 336 of color symmetry, 333, 335, 336

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INDEX

of unitary transformations, 342 of weak and electromagnetic interactions, 341, 342 Salam-Weinberg model, 345, 346 spontaneously broken, 313, 314, 342,343

Geodesic, 389-391, 393-395, 400, 401

Geodynamo, 233 Geostationary satellite, 276 Geothermal energy, use of, 270,271 Glashow-Ilipoulous-Maiani scheme,

348 Gluons, 333, 334, 336, 339 Gravitational field, 418

curvature, 397 principal null direction, 396-399 radiation, 396-401, 408 waves, 383

Gravity field, 228, 231 variation on earth's surface, 251, 261, 262

Hadrons, 327-331 charmed, 340, 348 isospin of, 322 masses of, 338, 339 strangeness, 322

Haemostasis, 31, 34, 39, 40 Han-Nambu scheme of quarks, 330 Hawking process, 384, 413

radiation, 413, 415 Higgs-Kibble mechanism, 345 Hologram, 170, 172, 174 Holographic interferometery, 170,

175 Holography, 170, 172, 175 Hubble's constant, 378 Hypercharge, 222, 342

Ionosphere, 276, 278 Infra red reflectance, 209

emittance, 209 transparency, 210

Integrated circuits, 160 Integrated optics, 166, 167, 171,

174

Interactions electromagnetic, 222, 210, 311, 315, 340 nuclear, 222

431

strong, 222, 315, 316, 327, 351 strong, of quarks, 332, 337 weak, 315, 316, 340, 345-348, 351, 354

Interference spectroscopy, 14 Internal charge space, 309, 316 Internal structure of earth

Dziewonski, Hales and Lapwood model, 223-226

J/~ particle, 310, 353 Josephson effect, 97, 122, 138,

144-147

Kerr-Newman black hole, 372 metric, 372, 408-410, 415

Killing equation, 411 vector, 411

Lasers in surgery, 29 Laser resonator, 4, 25, 27, 32

tunability, 4, 18, 20 visibility, 11, 14, 15

LEED, 54, 55, 81, 165 Lenses, 158, 165, 168, 170, 174 Lepton, 346 Liquid surfaces, 59, 67 Lithosphere and Asthenosphere,

259, 260, 261, 262, 264 Liver surgery, 30, 31, 39, 45 LoD.achevski distance, 385

metric, 387 space, 385, 386

Luminiscense, lifetime of, 62

Macroscopic quantum interference, 143, 145

Magnetic field, 98, 133 of Jupiter, Earth, Mercury, 217, 233, 274 reversal of earth's, 255, 274

Magnetic moment of nucleons, 339 Magnetic storms, 276, 278 Magneto pause, 278 Magneto sphere, 278

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432

Mantle, 223, 224, 225, 238, 240, 242, 243, 250m 260

Meissner effect, 108, 109, 143 Metal

electron density for, 82 liquid, 54, 56, 65, 90 surfaces, 69, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78,79,80,81,82,89,90,92

Meteorites, 226, 264 Minkowski

frame, 390 space, 385, 387, 388, 391

Modes collective, 63 local, 74, 75 vibration. 74, 75

Monochromaticity, 3 Monopoles, 318 Moon quakes, 274 Multispectral scanner, 167, 168,

174 Necrotic zones, 31, 37, 39, 40,

44 Neutral currents, 312, 346, 348 Neutrino, 309, 311, 314, 315, 346 Neutron

scattering, 55, 74 stars, 360, 363-370

Nordvedt's test, 303

Ocean waves attenuation, 283 freak waves, 283 prediction of, 284

Oceanic ridges and trenches, 247, 255, 257, 260, 263

Operational management, 164 Operations research, 164 Optical

components, 168 processors, 168

Output power of a laser, 20, 25, 26, 27, 32

INDEX

generation and jetection of,' 131 roton scattering, 135

Photothermal conversion, 189, 190, 192, 195, 197, 201, 202, 204, 205

Photo-voltaic conversion, 189, 190, 192, 195, 197, 201, 202, 204, 205

Plasma oscillations, 65 Plate

destruction, 261 formation, 260 tectonics, 259, 264, 270, 271

Potential barrier, 83, 85 junction, 85 well, 83, 85

Principle of cosmology, 360 Projective representation, 385-387 Psuedo-potentials

electronics, 56, 64 ionic, 65

Pulsar, 365, 367, 369, 370 masses of, 369 periods of, 369

Quantum interference effects, 144. 146

Quarks, 310, 311, 315, 328, 333-335, 337, 348 charmed, 347, 349, 351 confinement, 337 effective mass of, 337 invariant dynamics of, 332 mass of, 339, 348 clodel, 328, 330

Quasars, 379, 380

Reflectance, 193, 194, 195, 209, 210, 213

Reflective scattering, 210 Reflectors, 193, 194, 195, 200,

204 Remote sensing, 167

Paleomagnetism, 253, 271 Resonances, 68, 69, 70, 80 Parity violation, 346, 354 states 82 Petrov classification of gravita-Resonant ~cattering 210

tional field, 397, 398 RHEED, 54 ' Phonons Rheology, 259

coherent, 131, 133 Ricci curvature, 417

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INDEX

scalar, 375, 395 tensors, 375, 376, 395, 413 417

433

Solar energy convertor, 192 195 198 ' ,

Reisner-Nordstrom metric 406, 408 Riemann '

figure of merit of, 193, 195, 204, 205, 207

metric, 389 tensor, 417

Rock magnetism, 231, 253, 255 Roton

propagation, 135 scattering, 135

San Andreas fault, 262 Scanner, 168, 170 Schwarz schild

black hole, 410, 412 co-ordinates, 402 metric, 400, 408, 415 raduis, 372

Scientific methods, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166

Seismology, 221-223 Selectivity, 192

spectral, 193, 195, 204, 205, 207-209, 211, 213 through interference, 195, 210

Shawlow-TQwnes formula, 9 Single particle tunneling, 123 Singularities, space-time, 383,

401, 405, 408, 416 Solar

absorptance, 209, 210 antireflector, 202

Solar cells cost of, 191 emittance of, 198, 209, 211 primary efficiency of Silicon technology in, 195 semiconductors in, 194, 196

Solar energy absorber, 193, 194, 200, 204 absorption, 196, 209, 210

Solar energy conversion efficiency of, 204, 205, 207 metallurgical problems in, 200 photo thermal, 189, 190, 192, 195, 197, 198, 201,202, 204, 205, 209, 214 photo voltaic, 192, 194, 195, 202, 204

187, 189, 190, 196, 198, 201,

photc thermal, spectral pro­file of, 192, 203, 207, 209 principles of selecting material, 192, 199, 200 surface of, 204, 205, 211

Spectral density, 74 power density, 11 selectivity, 193, 195, 204, 205, 207-209, 211, 213 signature, 167, 168, 170, 174

Spectroscopy photo electron, 55, 56, 81 ultra violet (USP), 55, 87, 91 X-ray photo electron, 55

Strangeness, 302, 310, 322 Stress tensor, 304 Structural imperfections, 197,

203 SU(3), 310, 323

representation of, 324-327 Superconducting

current density, 108 dipole magnets, 116 domains, 108 low inductance undulating Galvonometer (SLUG), 146, 148 magnets, 113, 114, 115, 116, 121 tunnel junctions, 135, 138

Superconductivity, high field, 107

Superconductors energy gaps in, field stability gapless, 128

Supernova, 360 Surface

122, 128 of, 106

collective oscillations 65 conductivity, 63 ' density, 68 density profile of, 58 energy, 64, 65, 66 interaction (single atom and metal), 68

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434

layers, 55, 62 metal, 68, 69, 73-75, 77-82, 89, 90, 92 metallic, 68, 74, 90

INDEX

Universe, 376-381 Bianchi model, 380, 381 Freidmann model, 376, 377, 379, 381

modes, 74 Volcanoes, 247, 255 planar, 57, 61, 70, 78, 80, 81

plasmons, 65, 66, 76 Vortex line, 113 reflection, 62 structure dynamic, 54, 55 structure, electronic, 54, 55, 62, 63, 72, 73 thickness of, 57, 61,62, 65, 66, 67

Surface energy negative origin of, 110

Surface tension, 59, 60, 61, 65, 66

Surface width phenomenology of, 59-61

Surges, 280-290 Swell, 282, 285 Symmetry

0(3), 305, 306, 307, 308, 309 0(3,1), 302 0(2), U(l), 305, 307,308 SU(2), 305,309,310 SU(3), 310, 323

Systems Engineering, 164

Thermal valve, 102 Thermocline, 292 The rmometery, 98 Thin films

in solar energy conversion, 190, 200, 201

advantages of, 191, 200 disadvantages of, 191, 200

techniques, 201 Tidal effect, 417

force, 393, 394 Tides, 286-290 Tomasch Effect, 136, 138 Tunneling, 128, 129, 130

characteristics, 125 current, 126, 133, 138 experiments, 128 in superconductors, 122 junction, 122, 123, 126, 130, 131

Wave front discrimination, Wave guide, 165, 168, 172, Weyle

curvature, 417, 418 tensor, 417, 418

195 1'74