APPENDIX: DETAILS OF COURSES · Fatigue and damage tolerance in aeronautic materials and structures...

1

APPENDIX: DETAILS OF COURSES

Faculty of Science and Engineering (UF SDI)

Finite Element Method for structural analysis (9 ECTS)

Professor(s): Dr. C. Bois, Dr. B. Deltheil, Dr. Y. Ledoux

Distribution of courses: Lectures 16h - Practical works 20h – Labs 40h

Location of courses: Talence Campus

Prerequisites:

Basis on stress and strain tensor, continuum mechanics

1. Non-linear behavior of materials (plasticity, viscosity, damage) and anisotropy

2. Finite Element Method, basis on numerical analysis

Description:

From the functional requirements and technical specifications of a product (geometrical configuration,

materials and load cases), students should be able to:

3. Propose a FE model, write and justify assumptions from a physical point of view

4. Implement the model and analyze the structural response in order to validate or optimise the

structure

2

Contents of the course:

5. Structure sizing : failure modes, sizing criteria

6. Choice of boundary conditions and interactions

7. Contact and interface law

8. Resolution schemes (implicit and explicit), convergence

9. Modelling strategies, choice of finite element, multi-scale approach

Contents of industrial lectures:

10. Role of structural analysis in industrial product development

11. Interactions between structural analysis department, design department and material department

12. Industrial case study

Contents of practical works and supervised projects:

1. Structural analysis with non-linear constitutive law

2. Waves and vibrations

3. Structural buckling (in relation to teaching unit « Materials and structures for aeronautical

applications »)

4. Contact issues in joints and connections (in relation to teaching unit « Modelling of joints and

connections »)

5. Structural sizing with shape and mass optimisation

6. Composite laminates analysis

7. Crash analysis

Evaluation:

First session

1. Written test (2 h) – coef. 0.3

2. Lab – coef. 0.5

3. Project – coef. 0.2

3

Second session

4. Written test (2 h) – coef. 0.3

5. Lab (report of Lab rating), coef. 0.5

6. Project (report of Project rating) – coef. 0.2


Continuum mechanics and Finite Element method applied to Solid Mechanics (6 ECTS)

Professor(s): Dr. Stephane Baste and Dr. Yann Ledoux

Location of courses: Talence Campus

Language: English

Distribution of courses: Lectures: 20h (14h sb, 6 yl), Tutorials: 16h (14 sb, 2h yl), Lab: 15h

Description:

Introduction to Mechanics of Continuous Medium

This course is intended for use by engineers and scientists who have a need for an introduction to the general

principles employed in the study of solid and fluid mechanics. It deals with concept of continuity,

deformations, and external forces acting on a medium, constitutive relation and associated modelling through

some examples.

1. Concept of continuity.

2. Kinematics of Continuum Motion– Deformations

3. Balance of Continuum Medium – Stress

1. Constitutive Relations – Solids – Fluids

4

2. Equations of Continuity - Conservation of Mass

3. Coming Back to the Fundamental Principle of Dynamics.

Finite element theory and application

4. Introduction to Finite element approach

5. Construction of stiffness matrix (truss and beam elements)

6. Assembly of elementary matrix and introduction of boundary conditions

7. Variational approach

8. Applications on industrial code: Abaqus

Evaluation:

First session

9. Lab test - coef. 0.2

10. Supervised assignment (SA1 1h30) - coef. 0.2

11. Supervised assignment (SA2 1h30) - coef. 0.2

12. Final Assignment (3h00) - coef. 0.4

Second session

13. Written or oral assignment (3h00) - coef. 0.8

14. Others (report of Lab rating) - coef. 0.2


5

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) (3 ECTS)

Professor(s): Dr. Isabelle DUFOUR, Dr. Anissa MEZIANE, Dr. Samuel Rodriguez

Location of courses: Institute of aeronautical maintenance (Mérignac)

Language: English

Distribution of courses: Lectures: 6h of web classes (1h in front), Tutorials: 8.5h, Lab: 15h

Description:

1. NDT: Definition, objectives, application areas, certifications

2. Principles of different NDT techniques: visual inspection, penetrant testing, magnetoscopy,

ultrasonic, Foucault current, x-ray, thermography

3. Particular cases: NDT for composite materials, NDT in microelectronics

Evaluation:

First session

Final Assignment (1h30) - coef. 0.6

Lab, coef. 0.3

Supervised assignment - coef. 0.1

Second session

Written or oral examination, 1h30, coef. 0.7

Lab (report of Lab rating), coef. 0.3

6

ENSEIRB - MATMECA

Fatigue and Fracture (3 ECTS)

Professor(s): Dr. Eric Martin and Dr. Thierry Palin-Luc

Location of courses: ENSEIRB-MATMECA Talence

Language: English

Distribution of courses: 24h of lectures

Description:

The long term durability of structures is an important challenge for engineers. Detection methods show that

many cracks may be present within a structure. Fracture mechanics allows deciding whether these cracks

can be tolerated without risk or whether it is necessary to repair the part. There are two main objectives of

the course: i) introduce the main concepts of rupture and fatigue used for damage tolerance design of

structures and ii) the basic for modeling and designing structures against fatigue crack initiation. Indeed the

damage tolerance methodology is used in aeronautics and some other industrial sectors but cannot be

always used. This is for instance the case in automotive industry for designing safe life structures.

1. Linear elastic fracture mechanics (12h – E. Martin)

Stress field singularity (asymptotic field in the vicinity of a crack tip)

Stress intensity factor and Irwin criterion

Strain energy release rate and Griffith criterion

More on: crack propagation in mixed mode, interface cracks, three-dimensional aspects, mechanical

tests for fracture testing of ceramics and metallic materials, fatigue crack propagation (Paris law)

7

2. Crack initiation under multiaxial fatigue in metallic materials (12h – T. Palin-Luc)

Introduction (techno-economic issues)

Basics and Terminology (general notation, SN curve, loading path, proportional and non-proportional

loadings)

Fatigue test (driving methods and counting tests: the staircase, cumulative frequency)

Physical basis of fatigue crack initiation in polycrystalline materials

Multiaxial fatigue criteria (Different families: Empirical (for the record), critical plane (constraints,

energy), global (energy, using invariants); three examples are detailed: Crossland (macroscopic approach to

stress), Dang Van (approach with change of meso-macro scale), LAMEFIP (non-local energy approach)

Influence of various factors on crack initiation

Some elements for variable amplitude (cycle counting method, damage accumulation)

Evaluation:

First session

1. First part: Linear elastic fracture mechanics Final Assignment (2h) - coef. 0.5

2. 2nd part: Crack initiation under multiaxial fatigue in metallic materials Final Assignment (2h) -

coef. 0.5

Second session

1. First part: Linear elastic fracture mechanics Final Assignment (2h) - coef. 0.5

2. 2nd part: Crack initiation under multiaxial fatigue in metallic materials Final Assignment (2h) -

coef. 0.5

8

IRT Saint Exupéry - Industrial Partner

Assembly and Bonding (3 ECTS)

Professor(s): Industrials (managers: Dr. Laurent Ferres and Patrick Martinez)

Location of the courses: IRT, Esplanade des Arts et Métiers, Arts et Métiers ParisTech

Language: English

Distribution of courses: Lectures: 8h, Tutorials: 4h, Lab: 14h

Prerequisites:

3. Basis on polymer material (physical and chemical properties)

4. Basis on stress and strain tensor, continuum mechanics

5. Non-linear behaviour of materials (plasticity, viscosity, damage)

6. Finite Element Method, basis on numerical analysis

Description:

The aim of this course is the understanding of the mechanical behaviour of junctions (bonding and bolting).

From the functional requirements and technical specifications of a joint or connection (geometrical

configuration, joining technology, materials and load cases), students should be able to:

7. Apply practical methods for calculating load or stress transfer in joints and connections

8. Identify failure modes and implement judicious failure criteria.

Program:

Contents of courses:

1. Adhesive bonding

9

2. Theory of adhesion and adhesives

3. Mechanical analysis (various 1D beam analyses are given and compared)

4. Comparison with finite element analysis

5. Failure criteria and non-linear analysis for strength prediction

6. Bolting

7. Overview of the technology and design approaches

8. Mechanical analysis from 1D beam model to 3D finite element model

9. Failure criteria for static and fatigue strength prediction

Contents of industrial lectures:

10. Practical design approaches

11. Industrial case study

Contents of practical works and supervised projects:

12. Single lap shear test for adhesive joint and bearing test for bolted joint

13. Contact and interface modelling in joints and connections (in relation to teaching unit « Finite

Element Method for structural analysis »

Evaluation

First session

1. Multiple choice questionnaire Test – coef 2/3

2. Project Evaluation - coef. 1/3

Second session

1. Multiple choice questionnaire Test – coef 2/3

10

2. Others (report of Project rating) - coef. 1/3

Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Site de Talence

Mechanics of composite materials and structures for aerospace applications (6 ECTS)

Professor(s): Dr. F.Dau, Dr. M.Montemurro, Dr. T. Palin-Luc

Locations of the courses: Arts et Métiers ParisTech Talence

Language: English

Distribution of courses: Lectures: 17.5h, Lab: 20h + 17.5h (Lectures and Applications)

Description:

FIRST PART

• Aeronautical materials and processes to obtain structural parts (Lectures: 17.5h)

1. Materials in aircraft structural parts, criteria for material selection, technical specification of

materials (composition and properties).

2. Composite materials for aeronautical applications: generalities, manufacturing processes, features

and properties of composite materials, classification of composite materials, composites life cycle.

• Analysis and design of aeronautical structures (20 h, Lab)

3. Generalities about lightweight structures

4. Mechanics of thin-walled structures : theory and applications

5. Theories and models for plates and shells

11

6. Structural stability: buckling behavior and post buckling behavior

7. numerical applications

SECOND PART

1. Fatigue and damage tolerance in aeronautic materials and structures (17,5 h - lectures and

applications)

- Calculation methods against crack initiation under multiaxial loadings

Examples of in service fatigue failures, Physical phenomena responsible for fatigue crack initiation in metals;

low cycle fatigue and high cycle fatigue; criteria for designing components against crack initiation under

multiaxial stress states; factors influencing fatigue crack initiation on metals (roughness, residual stresses,

defects, environment, size effect, notches) and how to take them into account in simulation. Applications.

- Fracture mechanics and damage tolerance concept

Base of Linear Elastic Fracture mechanics, concept of stress intensity factor, Paris law, effect of the loading

ratio on the crack growth rate, threshold of crack propagation, calculation of inspection period and intervals

of inspections; proof test; usage in damage tolerance approach of non-destructive testing techniques for crack

monitoring.

Applications.

Evaluation

First session

FIRST PART (Aeronautical materials and processes to obtain structural parts)

1. 2 written tests of 1h (coef. 0.25 each)

2. Report on numerical activities (15p.) (coef. 0.25)

SECOND PART (Fatigue and damage tolerance in aeronautic materials and structures )

Final Assignment (1h) (coef. 0.25)

12

Second session

Same as 1st session. Nethertheless, students have to pass only for grades < 10. The best grades will be kept

between session 1 and session 2 for the grading of the whole module.

13

Université catholique de Louvain

Mandatory Modules (4 out of 6)

Internal combustion engines http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2220

Teacher(s): Jeanmart Hervé

Language: English

Location of the course: Louvain-la-Neuve

Main themes:

Components analysis, thermodynamics and general mechanics, energetic study, basic gauging, calculation of

performances and diagnostic principles. Use of fuels and analysis of their combustion in engines:

physicochemical, technological, energetic and environmental aspects

Aims:

Provide an analytical description of the functioning of internal combustion engines, as well as the principles

of the evaluation of their performances and their basic gauging. Develop the capacity to integrate the various

branches of mechanics allowing to structure the description of internal combustion engines, to master its

conceptual aspects and to model its behaviour.

Content:

The course is composed of two parts:

1. Components analysis, thermodynamics and general mechanics:

3. Main kinematics chain and functional auxiliaries

4. Thermodynamics cycles, parietal effects, energy fluxes

http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2220

14

5. Breathing: operation modes, suction and supercharging

6. Frictions, general architecture, main dimensions.

2. Use of fuels:

7. Combustibility properties and studies of combustion modes

8. Study of abnormalities and optimization of combustion laws

9. Supercharging technology and control of polluting emissions.

The first part of the presentation gives the necessary bases for the calculations carried out during tutorials in

the form of exercises or case studies.

The tutorials integrate in parallel the technological aspects of the second part of the course.

Evaluation methods

Bibliography:

. R. van Basshuysen, F. Schäfer, Internal Combustion Engine Handbook. Basics, Components, Systems, and

Perspectives, SAE International, 2002.

. C. R. Ferguson, Internal Combustion Engines. Applied Thermosciences, John Wiley & Sons, 1986.

. J. B. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1988.

. R. Stone, Introduction to International Combustion Engines, 4th Edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.


Aerodynamics of external flows http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2323


15

Teacher(s): Winckelmans Grégoire ; Chatelain Philippe

Language: English


Main themes:

Reminder of the conservation equations for incompressible and compressible flows, dimensional analysis

(Vaschy-Buckingham theorem) and applications. Vorticity-velocity formulation of the equations and general

results: entropy, vortex tubes (Kelvin and Helmholtz theorems), velocity induced by vorticity (Biot-Savart) in

3-D and in 2-D, vorticity production (at walls, baroclinic term) and diffusion, reformulation of Bernoulli's

equation. Incompressible irrotational flows: vortex sheets at wall and in wake, impulsive start of an airfoil,

wing of finite span in steady state (Prandtl model, optimal wing). Compressible flows: 2-D steady supersonic

flows: small perturbations and acoustic waves, method of characteristics, expansion waves and compression

(shock) waves, applications; 1-D unsteady flow: method of characteristics. Laminar boundary layer for the

case with variable external velocity (Falkner-Skan, Polhausen, Thwaites). Flow stability (Orr-Sommerfeld)

and transition to turbulence. Turbulent boundary layer: law of the wall (Prandtl, von Karman), law of the wake,

unification (Millikan, Coles), case with variable external velocity and concept of equilibrium boundary layer

(Clauser, Coles). Modelisation of turbulence: Statistical approach (Reynolds) and equations for the averaged

fields, closure models (algebraic, with one or two conservation equations), exemples of application.

Aims:

Extend the education of the student in fluid mechanics towards external flows: the aerodynamics

(hydrodynamics) of external flows. The path followed focuses on the physical comprehension of the problems

and phenomena covered, as well as their modelisation in an adequate mathematical formalism. Develop the

student's ability to use concepts and tools in aerodynamics (hydrodynamics) of external flows, to understand

real and complex situations, to model them in a simplified yet sufficient way using an adequate mathematical

formalism, and to obtain a physically acceptable solution. Develop the aptitude of the student to also work

outside of directed class sessions (exercices and laboratories) and to produce quality and concise written

reports.

Evaluation methods: Written exam

Teaching methods:

Practical exercises and laboratories: The practical exercises will be, in part, done in class sessions (roughly 12

hrs, to further develop concepts and applications partially covered during the courses). Students will also have

to work on exercises outside of class sessions (roughly 8 hrs), this work leading to a written and graded report.

The students must also participate to the laboratories (roughly 8 hrs), this work also leading to a written and

graded report

16

Content:

1. General theory (5 hrs)

10. General reminder of the classical formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations.

11. Dimensional analysis: proof of Vaschy-Buckingham theorem; applications.

12. Thermodynamics of compressible flows

2. Vortex dynamics (8 hrs)

13. Conservation equations in vorticity-velocity formulation, for incompressible and compressible

flows.

14. Resultats on the conservation equations and on control volume budgets

15. Vortex tube in 3-D: theorems of Kelvin and of Helmholtz, applications.

16. Velocity induced by vorticity: Biot-Savart; application to 3-D vortex tubes and to 2-D vortices

(gaussian, etc.).

17. Vorticity production: at walls, baroclinic term; vorticity diffusion; reformulation of Bernoulli's

equation (incompressible and compressible).

18. 2-D irrotational flows: starting airfoil and vortex sheets; Kutta-Joukowski; Blasius theorem for lift

and moment.

19. Prandtl model for wing of finite span: lift and induced drag, applications (optimal elliptical wing,

rectangular wing), Oswald efficiency.

3. Compressible flow of a perfect fluid (5 hrs)

20. 2-D steady supersonic flows: concept of characteristics; small perturbations and acoustic waves;

method of characteristics; isentropic expansion waves (Prandtl-Meyer); non isentropic compression

waves (shock waves: normal and oblique shocks); applications (e.g., "diamond" profile); wave drag.

21. 1-D unsteady flows (subsonic or supersonic) : method of characteristics and Riemann invariants;

application to propagation to traveling shock and expansion system.

4. Laminar boundary layers (4 hrs)

22. Similarity for the case with power law velocity: Falkner-Skan.

23. Polhausen method for the general case and improved method due to Thwaites.

17

5. Hydrodynamic stability and transition (1 hr)

24. Linearization in small perturbations of the Navier-Stokes equation, and stability of viscous flows;

simplification for parallel flows (Orr-Sommerfeld): application to boundary layer and comparison

with experimental results. Case of inviscid flows (Rayleigh): application to the shear layer.

25. "Route" to turbulence: phenomenological description of transition in a boundary layer.

6. Turbulent boundary layers (5 hrs)

26. Reminders, classical approach and global results for the case with constant external velocity.

27. Von Karman and Prandtl approach for the effective turbulence viscosity: law of the wall (with

logarithmic law), Millikan's argument

28. Case with general external velocity: experimental results (Clauser, etc.), unification by Coles: law of

the wall and law of the wake, composite velocity profiles; computational method for the boundary

layer development up to separation.

29. Concept of "equilibrium turbulent boundary layer": similarity parameters by Clauser and by Coles.

7. Modelisation of turbulence (2 hrs)

30. Statistical approach by Reynolds and averaged equations.

31. Closure models: algebraic, with one transport equation, with two transport equations (e.g., k-e, k-w) ;

calibration and boundary conditions; applications and comparisons with experimental results.

Bibliography:

G. K. Batchelor, "An introduction to fluid dynamics", Cambridge University Press 1967 (reprinted

paperback 1994).

F. M. White, "Viscous fluid flow" second edition, Series in Mechanical Engineering, McGraw-Hill, Inc.,

1991.

P. A. Thompson, "Compressible-fluid dynamics", advanced engineering series, Maple Press, 1984.

H. Lamb, "Hydrodynamics", sixth edition, Cambridge University Press 1932, Dover Publications

(paperback).

L. Rosenhead, "Laminar boundary layers", Oxford University Press 1963, Dover Publications (paperback).

P. G. Drazin and W. H. Reid, "Hydrodynamic stability", Cambridge University Press 1985.

M. Van Dyke, "An album of fluid motion", The Parabolic Press, 1982.

H. Schlichting, "Boundary-layer theory", Mc Graw-Hill, NY, 1968.

18


Fluid compressors http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2780

Teacher(s): Arts Tony

Language: English


Main themes:

The main focus of these lectures is directed towards axial steam and gas turbines. The description of radial gas

turbines, as well as their operation, is of less importance. A short description of hydraulic machines ends the

lectures.

Aims:

Explain the fundamental principles of design and operation of axial and radial turbomachines (turbines)

Evaluation methods:

Evaluation Oral open book exam, allowing an in depth evaluation of the skills of the student

Content:

32. Energetical study of the operation of a turbine stage. Flow field in stationary nozzles. Expansion in a

converging-diverging nozzle. Flow field in rotating blade rows. Degree of reaction. Operation of

action and reaction machines.

33. Characteristic coefficients of the operation of a turbine stage. Velocity triangles. Determination of the

aerodynamic angles of stationary and rotating blade rows. Various operation principles of a turbine

stage. Efficiency of a turbine stage. Typical action and reaction stages. Curtis turbine.

34. Flow field in a cascade: various blade design methods. Evaluation of the aerodynamic performance of

a blade row.


19

35. Determination of losses by experimental correlations. Secondary flows. Total-to-total efficiency of a

turbine stage.

36. Radial equilibrium principles in turbines. Equations and general solutions. Description of particular

solutions (free vortex, ...)

37. General design principles of large power steam turbines. Exit stage.

38. Industrial exploitation of steam turbines. Analysis of pressure and mass flow regimes. Heat and power

production by steam turbines -General description and manufacturing particularities of axial gas

turbines.

39. General description of radial turbines. Geometrical particularities. Characteristic coefficients. Loss

analysis and efficiency.

40. General description of hydraulic turbines. Overall operation characteristics.

Bibliography:

Lecture Notes Available from the SICI and CD given by the lecturer

Bibliography:

41. J.H. Horlock, Axial Flow Turbines, London Butterworth Scientific Publications

42. O.E. Balje, Turbomachines, A Guide to Design and Theory, John Wiley

43. W. Traupel, Thermische Turbomaschinen, Springer Verlag.

Other information:

Three visits to turbomachines companies are organized.


Numerical methods in fluid mechanics http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2660


20

Teacher(s): Winckelmans Grégoire

Language: English


Main themes:

44. Reminder of the conservation equations in fluid mechanics; Reminder of the differents types of PDEs

and of their classification.

45. Finite differences et numerical schemes for ODEs and discretized PDEs : consistency, stability,

convergence, explicit and implicit schemes.

46. Case of 2-D and of 3-D flows, steady and unsteady.

47. Incompressible flows : formulation in velocity-pressure and formulation in vorticity-velocity

(streamfunction) .

48. Compressible flows, including capture of discontinuities.

49. Structured grids, also with mapping from physical to computational space. Introduction to finite

volumes approaches, and to unstructured grids.

50. Lagrangian vortex element method (VEM) eventually combined with the boundary element method

(BEM)

Aims:

Enlarge the knowledge and skills of the students in numerical methods and initiate them to the numerical

simulation in fluid mechanics (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD), the path followed.

Focusing on the understanding of the physical problems and on their mathematical and numerical modelisation

in an adequate formalism. Develop the aptitude of the student to realize numerical programs (codes) that "put

to work" some of the numerical schemes presented in the course, in order to produce a complete numerical

simulation of a physical problem.

Evaluation methods:

Exam written, documentation allowed: personal notes, course notes, books. Remark : the practical exercise

and the project count for 40 % of the final course note, and the exam for the remaining 60 %, with the following

condition : a minimal note of 30/60 must be obtained at the exam for the note of the practical exercise and

project to be used in the final note; otherwise, only the exam note is reported as the final note (the note of the

exercise and project still being "acquired", for use in an eventual secondary exam.

Teaching methods:

Practical exercises (homework) and final project. Those can be done using the equipment of the faculty.

21

Content:

51. Reminder of the conservation equations in fluid mechanics.

52. Reminder of the different types of partial differential equations (PDEs) and of their classification:

hyperbolic, parabolic, elliptic; systems of equations; method of characteristics for hyperbolic cases.

53. Finite differences and operators. Precision (order), dispersion (modified wavenumber), compact

schemes.

54. Reminder of numerical integration schemes for ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Numerical

discretization of PDEs in systems of ODEs. Consistence, stability, convergence. Explicit and

implicit schemes.

55. Model diffusion equation: explicit and implicit schemes, Alternate Direction Implicit (ADI) schemes

for multidimensional problems.

56. Model convection equation : explicit and implicit schemes, centered and upwind differences

57. Model non-linear convection equation (Burgers), numerical capture of discontinuities.

58. Model convection-diffusion equation, linear and non-linear (Burgers with diffusion).

59. Hyperbolic systems in conservative form: Euler equations for inviscid compressible flows;

discontinuities and their numerical capture; explicit schemes (Lax, Lax-Wendroff, Richtmeyer, Mac

Cormak); implicit schemes (with linearization of the convective term).

60. Multidimensional problems and generalized ADI schemes.

61. Finite differences on structured grids, also with mapping from physical to computational space.

62. Introduction to finite volumes approaches, and to unstructured grids.

63. Numerical methods for incompressible flows : formulation in velocity-pressure : discretization using

the staggered approach (MAC), imposition of boundary conditions, method of artificial

compressibility for steady flows, explicit and implicit (ADI) versions, methods for unsteady flows,

energy conserving schemes; formulation in vorticity-velocity (through a streamfunction) : vorticity

boundary condition, artificial evolution method for steady flows, methods for unsteady flows,

including the lagrangian vortex element method (VEM, using vortex "particles": vortex "blobs") ,

eventually combined with the boundary element method (BEM, using vortex "panels"), for flows in

open domain (e.g., external flow aerodynamics).

22


Quality Management and Control http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2711

Teacher(s): Bronchart Nicolas

Language: English


Main themes:

64. Quality: definition & history

65. Where is Quality within an organization?

66. Quality Management & Quality Management Systems (QMS): principles, evolution and quality

improvements methods

67. Total Quality Management: impacts of a high-quality product organization

Aims:

Specific learning outcomes of the course:

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:

68. Define what is Quality, how it impacts an organization (through products, processes, people),

including historical and cultural aspects.

69. Illustrate the links between Quality Management and Strategy, including aspects such as HR

Management, R&D Strategy, Investments' Strategy or in general Leadership aspects;

70. Choose a Quality Improvement tool and apply it to a specific situation

71. Define a long term Quality Management Strategy, and implement it through an enterprise

simulation.

Evaluation methods


23

The final grade will be based on: the participation to the enterprise simulation (50%) including the final group

presentation.

Oral examination (50%).

Teaching methods

The course is based on lectures, illustrated by case studies and examples. Speakers from different companies

will be invited to illustrate some topics.

During the exercise periods, students will get the opportunity to practice the concepts presented. They will

participate in a business simulation game that will allow them to play the role of managers / leaders, as a

management team.

Content:

1. Quality: definition and historical perspectives. How did we reach the current situation, and where could

we go next? Examples to show the impact of Quality Management going poorly or making a difference.

2. How is Quality integrated in a global company and a company strategy? How does it impact

competitiveness, and the critical importance of the holistic view when taking strategic decisions? Roles &

Responsibilities of Quality Control (QC), Quality Assurance (QA), Regulatory Affairs (RA), Release and

Continuous Improvements.

3. Quality Management, Ethics & Corporate (Social) Responsibility. How is leadership critical in moving

companies in the right direction, through shaping a Quality Culture, or driving towards Customer

Satisfaction.

4. Continuous Improvement: tools and techniques through history and applications.

Bibliography:

72. « The Goal : A Process of Ongoing Improvement », E. M. Goldratt, 2014 (or previous editions)

73. « Processus et Entreprise 2.0 - Innover par la collaboration et le Lean management », Yves Caseau,

2011

74. «Quality Management for organizational excellence: introduction to total quality », David Goetsch

& Stanley Davis, 2012

24


Gasdynamics and reacting flows http://www.uclouvain.be/en-cours-LMECA2195

Teacher(s): Papalexandris Miltiadis

Language: English


Main themes:

Governing equations of compressible flows

Steady and unsteady compressible flows in one dimension

Steady compressible flows in two and three dimensions

Supersonic combustion ' detonations

Subsonic combustion - deflagrations, explosions

Introduction of multiphase compressible flows.

Aims:

Study of compressible gaseous flows, including supersonic flows.

Study of reacting flows in which compressibility effects are deemed important.

Presentation of industrial and technological applications

Evaluation methods:

Written exam with open books and notes. The score on the exam counts for 70% of the overall score on the

course.

3 homeworks assignments. The score on each assignment counts for 10% of the overall score on the course

Teaching methods:


25

Course lectures

Session of exercices

Content:

75. Steady and unsteady compressible flows in one dimension Euler equations, characteristic

decomposition, boundary conditions. Simple waves, shock waves. Rankine-Hugoniot relations,

shcok formation, Riemman problem. Piston-induced flow. Wave interactions. Viscosity effects.

Introduction to numerical methods.

76. Steady compressible flows in two and three dimensions Prandtl-Meyer expansion. Supersonic flow

around projectiles. Method of characteristics. Oblique shocks. Supersonic combustion

77. Detonations. Introduction. Chapman-Jouguet theory. ZND theory. Stability analysis. Multi-

dimensional structure. Applications. Subsonic combustion

78. Deflagrations. Introduction, balance equations, review of chemical kinetics. Structure of laminar

premixed flames.Structure of laminar diffusion flames.

Bibliography:

P.A. Thompson, Compressible Fluid Dynamics, 1988. Compulsory.

Additional notes of the course LMECA2195. Compulsory, available on the site i-campus of the course.

Homework announcements. Compulsory, available on the site i-campus of the course

H.W. Liepmann & A. Roshko, Elements of Gas dynamics, Dover Edition, 1993. Recommended

26

Elective Modules

Tilte of the course [sigle]: ADVANCED NUMERICAL METHODS [ LMECA2300 ]

Volume (credits ECTS et

hours):

5,0 credits ECTS

Teachers: LAMBRECHTS Jonathan ; CRAEYE Christophe ; LEGAT Vincent ; REMACLE Jean-François ; LEGAT Vincent (compensates REMACLE Jean-François) ;

Language: English

Place of the course: Louvain-la-Neuve

Online resources: http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=MECA2300

Prerequisite:

Main themes: - Integral Methods - Finite elements - Spectral and pseudo-spectral Methods - Error estimation, adaptivity, mesh generation - Techniques of resolution of large (non-)linear systems - Implementation data-processing: parallel calculation, use of the specialized libraries, techniques of numerical programming.

Learning outcomes: Advanced numerical methods The requirements for the students are the

following:

1. To select and to apply the right method for a given problem.

2. To evaluate the algorithmic complexity of a method.

3. To efficiently use the numerical available libraries (Lapack)

4. To provide an estimate of the error.

5. To evaluate the quality of a mesh for a given method.

6. To perform a calculation on a parallel architecture.

7. To program a simple integral method.

8. To program a method finite elements.

9. - To solve in an iterative way of the (non-)linear large systems

Evaluation methods: Exam

Teaching methods: In the pratical organisation, a great importance will be given to collaborative projets. Flexibility will be emphazed in order to focus on a problem solving approach.

Content: 1. Integral Methods.

2. Finite elements.

3. Spectral and pseudo-spectral Methods.

http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=MECA2300

27

4. Error estimation, adaptivity, mesh generation.

5. Techniques of resolution of large (non-)linear systems.

6. Implementation data-processing: parallel calculation, use of the

specialized libraries, techniques of numerical programming.

Bibliography: Lecture notes, books, ...

Tilte of the course [sigle]: AERODYAMICS OF EXTERNAL FLOWS [ LMECA2323 ]


hours):

5,0 credits ECTS

Teachers: WINCKELMANS Grégoire; CHATELAIN Philippe

Language: English


Online resources: 1. LMECA1321 (fluid mechanics and transfers I)

2. LMECA2322 (fluid mechanics and transfers II)

Prerequisite:

Main themes: Reminder of the conservation equations for incompressible and compressible flows, dimensional analysis (Vaschy-Buckingham theorem) and applications. Vorticity-velocity formulation of the equations and general results: entropy, vortex tubes (Kelvin and Helmholtz theorems), velocity induced by vorticity (Biot-Savart) in 3-D and in 2-D, vorticity production (at walls, baroclinic term) and diffusion, reformulation of Bernoulli's equation. Incompressible irrotational flows: vortex sheets at wall and in wake, impulsive start of an airfoil, wing of finite span in steady state (Prandtl model, optimal wing). Compressible flows: 2-D steady supersonic flows: small perturbations and acoustic waves, method of characteristics, expansion waves and compression (shock) waves, applications; 1-D unsteady flow: method of characteristics. Laminar boundary layer for the case with variable external velocity (Falkner-Skan, Polhausen, Thwaites). Flow stability (Orr-Sommerfeld) and transition to turbulence. Turbulent boundary layer: law of the wall (Prandtl, von Karman), law of the wake, unification (Millikan, Coles), case with variable external velocity and concept of equilibrium boundary layer (Clauser, Coles). Medialization of turbulence: Statistical approach (Reynolds) and equations for the averaged fields, closure models (algebraic, with one or two conservation equations), examples of application.

Learning outcomes: Extend the education of the student in fluid mechanics towards external flows : the aerodynamics (hydrodynamics) of external flows. The path followed focuses on the physical comprehension of the problems and phenomena covered, as well as their modelisation in an adequate mathematical formalism. Develop the student's ability to use concepts and tools in aerodynamics (hydrodynamics) of external flows, to understand real and complex situations, to model them in a simplified yet sufficient way using an adequate mathematical formalism, and to obtain a physically acceptable solution. Develop the aptitude of the student to

28

also work outside of directed class sessions (exercices and laboratories) and to produce quality and concise written reports.

Evaluation methods: Written exam

Teaching methods: Practical exercices and laboratories : The practical exercices will be, in part, done in class sessions (roughly 12 hrs, to further develop concepts and applications partially covered during the courses). Students will also have to work on exercices outside of class sessions (roughly 8 hrs), this work leading to a written and graded report. The students must also participate to the laboratories (roughly 8 hrs), this work also leading to a written and graded report.

Content: 1. General theory (5 hrs)

1. General reminder of the classical formulation of the Navier-Stokes

equations.

2. Dimensional analysis : proof of Vaschy-Buckingham theorem;

applications.

3. Thermodynamics of compressible flows.

2. Vortex dynamics (8 hrs)

1. Conservation equations in vorticity-velocity formulation, for

incompressible and compressible flows.

2. Resultats on the conservation equations and on control volume budgets

3. Vortex tube in 3-D : theorems of Kelvin and of Helmholtz, applications.

4. Velocity induced by vorticity : Biot-Savart; application to 3-D vortex

tubes and to 2-D vortices (gaussian, etc.).

5. Vorticity production : at walls, baroclinic term; vorticity diffusion;

reformulation of Bernoulli's equation (incompressible and

compressible).

6. 2-D irrotational flows : starting airfoil and vortex sheets; Kutta-

Joukowski; Blasius theorem for lift and moment.

7. Prandtl model for wing of finite span: lift and induced drag, applications

(optimal elliptical wing, rectangular wing), Oswald efficiency.

3. Compressible flow of a perfect fluid (5 hrs)

1. 2-D steady supersonic flows : concept of characteristics; small

perturbations and acoustic waves; method of characteristics; isentropic

expansion waves (Prandtl-Meyer); non isentropic compression waves

(shock waves: normal and oblique shocks); applications (e.g.,

"diamond" profile); wave drag.

2. 1-D unsteady flows (subsonic or supersonic) : method of characteristics

and Riemann invariants; application to propagation to traveling shock

and expansion system.

29

4. Laminar boundary layers (4 hrs)

1. Similarity for the case with power law velocity : Falkner-Skan.

2. Polhausen method for the general case, and improved method due to

Thwaites.

5. Hydrodynamic stability and transition (1 hr)

1. Linearisation in small perturbations of the Navier-Stokes equation, and

stability of viscous flows; simplification for parallel flows (Orr-

Sommerfeld): application to boundary layer and comparison with

experimental results. Case of inviscid flows (Rayleigh): application to

the shear layer.

2. "Route" to turbulence : phenomenological description of transition in a

boundary layer.

6. Turbulent boundary layers (5 hrs)

1. Reminders, classical approach and global results for the case with

constant external velocity.

2. Von Karman and Prandtl approach for the effective turbulence

viscosity: law of the wall (with logarithmic law), Millikan's argument

3. Case with general external velocity: experimental results (Clauser, etc.),

unification by Coles : law of the wall and law of the wake, composite

velocity profiles; computational method for the boundary layer

development up to separation.

4. Concept of "equilibrium turbulent boundary layer" : similarity

parameters by Clauser and by Coles.

7. Modelisation of turbulence (2 hrs)

1. Statistical approach by Reynolds and averaged equations.

2. Closure models : algebraic, with one transport equation, with two

transport equations (e.g., k-e, k-w) ; calibration and boundary

conditions; applications and comparisons with experimental resultats.

Bibliography: G. K. Batchelor, "An introduction to fluid dynamics", Cambridge University Press

1967 (reprinted paperback 1994). F. M. White, "Viscous fluid flow" second edition, Series in Mechanical Engineering, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1991. P. A. Thompson, "Compressible-fluid dynamics", advanced engineering series, Maple Press, 1984. H. Lamb, "Hydrodynamics", sixth edition, Cambridge University Press 1932, Dover Publications (paperback). L. Rosenhead, "Laminar boundary layers", Oxford University Press 1963, Dover Publications (paperback). P. G. Drazin and W. H. Reid, "Hydrodynamic stability", Cambridge University Press 1985.

30

M. Van Dyke, "An album of fluid motion", The Parabolic Press, 1982. H. Schlichting, "Boundary-layer theory", Mc Graw-Hill, NY, 1968.

Title of the course [sigle]: CALCULATION OF PLANAR STRUCTURES [LMECA2520]


hours):

5,0 credits ECTS

Teachers: DOGHRI Issam

Language: English


Online resources: http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=LMECA2520

Main themes: 1. The objective of the course is to show analytically -in simple cases- and

numerically how to model and solve an important class of so-called

planar structures, i.e. such that their mechanical problem is reduced to

two space dimensions.

2. The problems involve " long " solids under plane strain, " thin " solids

under plane stress and thin or thick plates under bending loads.

3. For each class of problems, appropriate formulations will be developed,

together with their finite element discretization, in view of their

numerical resolution using a specialized software.

Some rather simple problems will also be solved analytically in order to better

understand the theory.

Learning outcomes:

Analytical and numerical modeling of two-dimensional problems in linear

elasticity:

1. plane strain;

2. plane stress;

3. bending of plates.

Teaching methods: Labs :

1. Resolution of several relatively simple problems dealing usually with

direct applications of the theory (e.g., tube under inner and outer pressures,

stress concentration in a plate with a small circular hole, force on the straight

edge of a semi-infinite plate, bending of a circular plate under axisymmetric

loading, etc.)

http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=LMECA2520

31

2. Use of a finite element numerical software, in order to understand the

main steps of the method (geometry definition, input of material data and

other problem parameters, space and time discretization, solver algorithms,

post-processing and visualization of computation results).

Content: Chapitre 1: Plane strain and plane stress in Cartesian coordinates. Chapitre 2: Plane strain and plane stress in cylindrical coordinates. Chapitre 3: Kirchhoff-Love plate theory in Cartesian coordinates. Chapitre 4: Kirchhoff-Love plate theory in cylindrical coordinates. Chapitre 5: Reissner-Mindlin plate theory. Chapitre 6: Finite element formulations of plate theories.

Bibliography: Lecture notes, books, ...

Tilte of the course [sigle]: THERMODYNAMICS OF IRREVERSIBLE PHENOMENA [LMECA2771]


hours):

5,0 credits ECTS

Teachers: PAPALEXANDRIS Miltiadis

Language: English


Online resources: http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=LMECA2771

Prerequisite:

Main themes: 1. Elaboration of a general theoretical framework of irreversible phenomena

having as starting points the kinetic theory of gases and classical

thermodynamics

2. Presentation of the classical theory of Onsager-Prigogine. Presentation of

more recent theories such as Rational Thermodynamics (theory of Truesdell

& Noll) and Extended Thermodynamics (theories of Jou & Lebon and of

Müller).

Learning outcomes: Specific learning outcomes of the course

3. A modern approach to non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

4. Unified description of thermal, mechanical, viscous, and electromechanical

processes in order to enhance the student's synthetic skills.

5. Application of theoretical results in the modelling of irreversible phenomena

in fluid and solid mechanics, geophysics, etc.

http://icampus.uclouvain.be/claroline/course/index.php?cid=LMECA2771

32

Evaluation methods: Written exam, with open books and notes. The score on the course will be determined solely on the score on the exam.

Teaching methods: 1. Course lectures

2. Session of exercises

Content: 1. Kinetic approach. Presentation of the Maxwell-Boltzmann kinetic theory of

gases. Relations between mascroscopic variables and kinetic theory.

Derivation of principal transport coefficients (viscosity coefficient,

conductivity, diffusivity), state equations, thermodynamic functions and their

derivatives (internal energy, specific heats, entropy). Limits of continuum

theory (rarefied gases, plasma). Study of specific problems in liquids

(macromolecules) and solids (plasticity).

2. Continuum approach. Summary of equilibrium thermodynamics: first

thermodynamic axiom (principle of energy conservation), absolute

temperature and entropy, second thermodynamic axiom, thermodynamic

potentials, thermochemistry and electrochemistry, Gibbs relations, equation

of Gibbs & Duhem, phase transitions, interfaces.

3. Classical theory of irreversible thermodynamics (linear theory of Onsager-

Prigogine): local equilibrium, entropy production, thermodynamic fluxes and

forces, reciprocal relations, evolution laws and constitutive relations.

Stationary states: criteria for minimum of entropy production and minimum

of dissipated energy. Couplings between thermal, mechanical, and

electromagnetic phenomena: thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects.

4. Introduction to modern theories. Rational thermodynamics: material

memory, objectivity, Clasius-Duhem inequality, constitutive relations.

Applications in Non-Newtonian fluids and viscoelastic materials. Extended

irreversible thermodynamics: basic hypotheses, causality, application in

thermal conduction, second sound, comparison with the linear theory of

Onsager-Prigogine.

Bibliography: 5. Lecture notes of the course LMECA2771 (in French). Compulsory, available

on the e-campus site of the course.

6. Supplementary notes on the kinetic theory of gases and on rational

thermodynamics. Compulsory, available on the e-campus site of the course.

7. G. Lebon, D. Jou & J. Casas-Vasquez, Understanding Non-equilibrium

Thermodynamics, Springer, 2008. Recommended

8. D. Kondepudi & I. Prigogine, Modern Thermodynamics, Wiley, 1999.

Recommended

9. S.R. De Groot and P. Mazur, Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics, Dover, 1984.

Recommended

33

PLASTICITY AND METAL FORMING

Volume (credits ECTS et hours): 5ECTS

Teacher(s) Pardoen Thomas ; Delannay Laurent ;

Language English

Main themes

• Macroscopic theory of plasticity

• Crystal and polycrystal plasticity

• Main plastic forming operations : rolling, extrusion, deep drawing, wire drawing, forging

• Formability

• Internal stress

• Contact mechanics

• Crystallographic textures

Specific learning outcomes of the course

At the end of this course, the student will be able to:

• Explain the fundamental assumptions underlying several continuum plasticity theories (J2

deformation theory, yield surface, normality rule, J2 flow theory, anisotropic extensions, etc) and single

crystal theory (e.g. Schmidt rule);

• Explain and identify the key technological and scientific issues in the most important forming

operations: rolling, deep drawing, extrusion, wire drawing, forging.

• Describe how metal forming operations are affected by a few important phenomena including:

plastic localization, damage, internal stresses, texture development, plastic anisotropy, contact and wear,

high temperature microstructure evolution;

• Calculate, analytically, the evolution of stress and strain in plastically deforming samples/crystals

under homogenous loading;

34

• Use a commercial finite element code to simulate forming operations based on existing input files

that can be modified to test different conditions/parameters;

• Critically assess/compare numerical results to analytical model and make links with technological

issues;

• Report (writing and oral) on a study based on finite element simulations of a forming operation

involving a discussion on technological issues that can be addressed with the simulations and on the

assessment of the analytical models.

The contribution of this Teaching Unit to the development and command of the skills and learning

outcomes of the programme(s) can be accessed at the end of this sheet, in the section entitled

“Programmes/courses offering this Teaching Unit”.

Evaluation methods:

The students will be individually graded based on the objectives indicated above. More precisely, the

evaluation involves the grading of

• a project, by groups of 3 or 4 students, based on the use of the finite element code Abaqus to

simulate a forming process under different operating conditions. The forming operation will be orally

presented to the rest of the class, illustrated by the results of the finite element simulations. The oral

presentation will be supplemented by a written report. The grading will account also for daily work during

the semester.

• a set of imposed exercises the day of the written exam

• the answers to one or two theoretical questions selected within a list of about 10 questions of

synthesis provided by the teachers during the year.

Teaching methods

Ex-cathedra lectures are given to present the plasticity theories as well as the additional scientific aspects

essential in metal forming operations (plastic localization, damage, internal stress, texture, contact and

wear, high temperature microstructure evolution). 7 to 8 sessions are organized during which students can

solve exercises with the support of an assistant. The rest of the time is devoted to the project which starts

with a presentation of the use of the finite element code. Each group is helped by a dedicated assistant.

The students can use Abaqus teaching licences to run simulations and analyze the results, with access to a

computer room.

Content

35

Part I : Plasticity theory

A. Macroscopic theory in 1D

B. Macroscopic theory in 3D (yield surface, J2 deformation theory, J2 flow theory, anistropic theory)

C. Crystal plasticity theory

Part II : Other phenomena during plastic forming operations

D. Internal stress

E. Crystallographic textures

F. Formability

G. Contact mechanics

H. Microstructural evolution and high temperature deformation

I. Évolutions microstructurales et déformation à chaud

Part III ' Main plastic forming operations

Bibliography: the textbook written in English by the lecturers is provided

Other infos: This course requires sufficient solid mechanics background (continuum mechanics and

elasticity theory) and basic knowledge about mechanical properties of materials (notions of strength,

ductility, hardening).

36

Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet, Cottbus-Senftenberg

(3 mandatory courses out of 5)

Computational Fluid Dynamics (6 ETCS)

Responsible Staff Member: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Egbers, Christoph

Location of the course: Faculty 3 - Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and

Industrial Engineering

Language: English

Learning Outcome:

Numerical simulation of fluid flow phenomena (CFD) occurring in nature and techniques (dynamics and

vortex formation in flows of incompressible and compressible fluids, turbulence modeling, multiphase

flows).

Within the lecture the students will learn the implementation of fluid mechanics governing equations and

characteristic parameters into CFD-programs and also the handling with the open source CFD code

“OpenFOAM“.

The students learn to simulate fluid dynamical processes and can engross their knowledge of complex fluid

mechanical problems. They can use thereby their skills in fluid mechanics and numerical mathematics.

Contents:

Practical contents on simulation of complex fluid mechanical flows will be impart within the lecture, which

can be completed by self study. Within the laboratory course the students learn to simulate, to analyze and to

interpret flow problems by means of application oriented examples.

37

What is a CFD-code; Overview and structure of the open-source code “OpenFOAM“; Accomplishment of

numerical simulations with “OpenFOAM“; Governing equations of incompressible and compressible fluids,

turbulence modelling, multiphase flows and their implementation in “OpenFOAM“; numerical discretization

methods in “OpenFOAM“;Post-processing with the visualization tool “ParaView“.

Forms of Teaching and Proportion:

Lecture - 2 hours per week per semester

Exercise - 2 hours per week per semester

oral examination

Withdrawal from Examination until the end of the seventh week of the lecture period

38


Turbulence Modelling (6 ETCS)

Responsible Staff Member: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Schmidt, Heiko

Location of the courses: Faculty 3 - Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and


Language: English

Learning Outcome

The students learn about different approaches to model turbulent flows.

They learn which turbulence model is adequate for different applications.

Contents:

10. In the seminar we will discuss basic concepts in turbulence modelling.

11. Subjects are:

12. • The problem of simulating turbulent floes

13. • Basic flow equations

14. • Algebraic, 1- and 2- equation models.

15. • Reynolds stress models

16. • Large Eddy Simulation

17. • Hybrid turbulence models

18. • One-dimensional turbulence

39




Teaching Materials and Literature:

19. • Pope, S.B.: Turbulent Flows

20. • Geurts, B.J.: Elements of Direct and Large-Edddy Simulation

Assessment Mode:

Oral exam, duration 30 min.

Withdrawal from Examination:

Until the end of the seventh week of the lecture period


Thermodynamics and Heat and Mass Transfer (6 ETCS)

Responsible Staff Member: Prof. M. Bestehorn,

Location of the courses: Faculty 1

Lecture: 2 hours/week + Exercise

Language: English

40

Learning outcome:

Students acquire profound working skills in the fields of thermodynamics. The course conveys the ability of

applying theoretical formalisms in this field, to solve corresponding tasks independently and demonstrates

the methods of attaining new perceptions.

Contents:

• Basics

Composition of thermod. systems, thermod. equilibrium, definition of temperature and

heat, energy and first law, equations of state, mechanical equilibrium, chemical equilibrium

• Reversible Processes

Possible and impossible processes, quasi-static and reversible proc., relaxation times

and irreversibly, entropy and second law, heat flow, cyclic processes, Carnot Cycle, coefficients of Engine,

heat pumps

• Irreversible Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

Affinities and fluxes, resistive and linear systems, Onsager reciprocity, diffusion, convection, radiation,

thermal conductivity, heat equation, convection equation, transport equation

References: H.B Callen, Thermodynamics

Assessment Mode:

Oral exam, duration 45 min.


until the end of the seventh week of the lecture period

41


Flow Measurement (6 ETCS)

Responsible Staff Member: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Egbers, Christoph

Location of courses: Faculty 3 - Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and


Learning Outcome:

Understanding of the basis of experimental and optical measurement techniques.

Contents:

Methods of Flow Visualization, Overview on Optical Measurement

Techniques, Laser-Doppler-Anemometry; Particle-Image-Velocimetry;

Particle-Tracking-Velocimetry; Liquid Crystal Technique, Dye-Injection

Method; Hot-Wire- and Hot-Film Anemometry, Doppler-Global Velocimetry, Oil-Fim-Technique,

Measurement Techniques for Channeland Pipe Flows, Wind Tunnel Measurement Techniques (i.e. Pressure

Sensitive Paints).




Assessment Mode:

21. Active presence

22. Oral examination

42


Until the end of the seventh week of the lecture period


Engineering Acoustics - Sound Fields (6 ETCS)

Responsible Staff Member: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sarradj, Ennes

Location of courses: Faculty 3 - Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and


Language: English

Learning Outcome:

Participants will gain an insight into the theoretical treatment of the propagation of sound and acquire an in-

depth knowledge of noise control of vehicles, aircraft and machinery using sound insulation, attenuation, and

damping.

Contents:

Lecture: Basics of acoustics and the human perception of sound, the acoustic wave equation and its

solutions, reflection and refraction of sound waves, absorption of sound in porous media, sound fields in

cavities and flow ducts, silencers, structure-borne sound, sound transmission and insulation in structures,

sound enclosures, trim.

Exercise:

Lecture based computing tasks, application-oriented tasks in the areas of automotive and engine technology


43



Assessment Mode:

Oral or written examination

Withdrawal from Examination until the end of the seventh week of the lecture period

ELECTIVE MODULES

The modules are to be determined in consultation with the local mentor. The two elective modules should be

chosen with the following requirements:

- One module of the Department of Mechanical Engineering with specialization in aerodynamics, fluid

mechanics, aerospace engineering, materials science or aerospace.

- One module in the subjects of physics, mathematics or computer science.

APPENDIX: DETAILS OF COURSES · Fatigue and damage tolerance in aeronautic materials and structures...

Documents

Transcript of APPENDIX: DETAILS OF COURSES · Fatigue and damage tolerance in aeronautic materials and structures...