Appendix B – Native and Beneficial Plants · Desert-Parsley Lomatium gormanii 4-10 inches Early...

6/11/2014 Sterling Codifiers, Inc.

http://sterlingcodifiers.com/codebook/index.php?book_id=827 1/30

APPENDIX B - NORTH IDAHO NATIVE AND BENEFICIAL PLANT LIST:

PART I - NATIVE PLANT LANDSCAPING LISTTreesShrubsPerennialsFernsGrasses, Rushes, Sedges, ReedsGround CoverVines

PART II - ADDITIONAL PLANT LISTTreesShrubsPerennialsGrasses, Rushes, Sedges, Reeds

PART I - NATIVE PLANT LANDSCAPING LIST

Plants that are native to North Idaho

Codes:Soil - D = dry; M = moist; W = wetLight - S = sun; PS = part sun or shade; Sh = Shade

*Keep away from sewer and septic lines

TREES

CommonName

ScientificName

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alder, Red* Alnus rubra 40-60feet

M/W S/PS Fixes nitrogen inthe soil; catkins

Alder, Sitka* Alnus viridis

30 feet

M/W S InteriorRainForest/Riparian

Improves soil byadding organicmatter andnitrogen; catkins

Aspen*,Quaking

Populustremuloides

90 feet

M/D S AspenGrove

Golden fall color;spreads by rootrunners; gray-white smoothbark

Birch, Paper*

Betulapapyrifera

50-70feet

M S Wetland Yellow fallfoliage; whitepeeling bark

Birch, Water*

Betulaoccidentalis

13-26feet

W S/PS Wetland Stream bankstabilization;



pinkish,nonpeeling bark

Cottonwood*,Black

Populustrichocarpa

150-180feet

M/W S Sticky, red seedcases; good forerosion controlon banks; attractsbirds

Fir, Douglas;Red

Pseudotsugamenziesii

150feet

D/M S/PS Shade tolerant;well drained soil;pyramidal shape

Fir, Grand;White

Abiesgrandis

100feet

M/D S/PS Fragile erectcones at top oftree; fragrantfoliage

Fir,Subalpine

Abieslasiocarpa

60-105feet

M S/Sh Subalpine Dark greenneedles withwhitish lines;drought and heatintolerant;narrow, slowgrowing; red-purple cones attop

Hemlock,Western

Tsugaheterophylla

120-150feet

M Sh InteriorRainForest

Needs shadewhen young;thick, acidic,humus soil

Larch,Western;Tamarack

Larixoccidentalis

100-200feet

D/M S YoungForest

Golden fall color;deciduous, erect,slender

Maple,RockyMountain

Acerglabrum

20-30feet

M/D S/PS YoungForest

Shrubby multi-trunk tree; falland winter color;attractive all year

Pine,Ponderosa;Yellow, Bull

Pinusponderosa

140feet

D/M S YoungForest

3 needles persheaf; dry opensites; fireresistant

Pine,WesternWhite

Pinusmonticola

230feet

D/M S YoungForest

Idaho state tree;five needles persheaf; goodspecimen tree

Redcedar,Western

Thuja plicata

100-120

M PS/Sh

MoistForest

Evergreen scale-like leaves;



feet aromatic; red-brown bark; rich,moist soil

Spruce,Engelmann

Piceaengelmannii

75-120feet

M PS Subalpine Blue-green, stiff,evergreenneedles; slowgrowing

SHRUBS

CommonName

ScientificName

Height

Bloom Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alder, Wavyleaf*

Alnus viridisssp. Sinuata

10 feet

May-July

M S/PS Forms thicket;fast growing;fixes nitrogen

Birch, Bog,Scrub*

Betula nana 3-10feet

Feb-June

W S/PS Deep orangein the fall;acidic soil;spreading

Buffalo Berry

Shepherdiacanadensis

3-13feet

May-July

D/M S/PS Dry Forest Small yellowflowers;orange to redberries; fixesnitrogen

Cascara,Buckthorn

Frangulapurshiana

Up to30 feet

Jun-July

M/W Sh Small, yellowflowerclusters;black fruit;silvery graybark;deciduous

Ceanothus,Shiny Leafed

Ceanothusvelutinus var.

2 feet D/M S Small whiteflowers inpyramidalclusters; goodbrowes

Chokecherry,Common

Prunusvirginiana

3-12feet

Apr-May

D S Meadow/Medicinal

Whiteflowers;grows inrocky soil;fast growing;showy fruit;attracts birds

Cranberry, Vibumum edule 1.5-10 M/W PS/Sh Clusters of



Highbrush feet white flowers;red berries;likes richorganic soil

Devil's club Oplopanaxhorridus

3-10feet

May-June

M Sh InteriorRainForest

Creamy whiteflowers;beautiful redberries in fall;very spiny

Dogwood,Red Osier

Comus sericea 3-6feet

May-July

M/W S/PS InteriorRainForest

Greenish-white flowerclusters;white berries;red twigs

Elderberry,Blue

Sambucusnigra var.cerulea

6-12feet

M S Riparian Clusters ofwhite flowers;grows alongwatercourses;powdery blueedible fruit;fast growing

Hawthorn,Black

Crataegusdouglasii var.

6-25feet

May-June

D/W S White flowercluster; smallblack fruit;thorny; soiland streamstabilization

Hazelnut,Beaked

Corylus comuta

3-12feet

M S/Sh Edible nuts;yellow, fallcolor; streambanks; welldrained soil

Huckleberry,Fool's; FalseAzelea

Menziesiaferruginea

Up to9 feet

M S/Sh Tiny, pinkish-yellowflowers, blue-green foliage;crimson-orange fallfoliage;acidic, humussoil

Huckleberry,Oval-leaf

Vacciniumovalifolium

To 6feet

M/W S Subalpine White to pinkflowers;edible blue-black berries;red fallfoliage



Huckleberry,Thinleaf

Vacciniummembranaceum

To 4.5feet

M/D S Subalpine White to pinkflowers;purple toreddish-blackberries; redfall foliage

Juniper,RockyMountain

Juniperusscopulorum

3-30feet

D S Grayish-green, gray-blue berries;knotty,twisted trunk;rocky sites

Kinnikinnick Arctostaphylosuva-ursi

6-10inches

D S/PS Paths Urn-shapedflowers, redberries;evergreenshiny leaves

Maple,RockyMountain

Acer glabrumvar.

20-30feet

M/D S/PS YoungForest

Shrubbymulti-trunktree; fall andwinter color;attractive allyear

MountainAsh, Sitka

Sorbussitchensis var.

3-15feet

June-July

M S/PS White flowerclusters;grows onslopes;excellent fallcolor leavesand berries

MountainAsh, Western

Sorbusscopulina var.scopulina

3-13feet

May-July

D/M S/PS White flowerclusters;grows onslopes;excellent fallcolor leavesand berries

MountainLover, MyrtleBoxwood,FalseBoxwood

Pachistimamyrsinites

1-2feet

May-June

M PS Berm Tiny maroonflowers; gooddeer browse;evergreen

Ninebark,Mallow

Physocarpusmalvaceus

To 6feet

May-June

D/M S Dry Rock Whiteflowers;leaves hairyon both sides;peeling bark;



rocky soil

Ocean Spray

Holodiscusdiscolor

3-10feet

June-Aug

D/M S/PS Dry Forest Foamy,creamy whiteflowerclusters;archingstems; sandyto gravellysoil

OregonGrape,Cascade

Mahonianervosa

6-24inches

Spring D/M PS/Sh

Path Yellowflowers; shinyleaves;evergreen;dark berries

OregonGrape,Creeping

Mahonia repens

6-12inches

Apr/June

D/M S Path Bright yellowflowerclusters; blueberries; holly-like,evergreenleaves

OregonGrape, Tall

Mahoniaaquifolium

8-48inches

May/June

D/M S Path Yellow flowerclusters;prickly,evergreenleaves; blueberries;droughtresistant; richsoil

Penstemon,Shrubby

Penstemonfruticosus

To 15inches

June-Aug

D S Dry Rock Flowers blue-lavender topurple; rockysoil

Rose,Baldhip

Rosagymnocarpavar.

1-4feet

June-July

D/M S Small pinkflowers; smallscarlet hips

Rose,Nootka

Rosa nutkanavar.

3-6feet

May-July

M S Dry Rock Large pastelpink flowers;large, redhips

Rose,Pearhip

Rosa woodsiivar.

3-6feet

May-July

D S Dry Rock/Medicinals

Pink flowers;large, darkred hips,spreads well

Rose, Prickly Rosa acicularis 3-6 June- M S Pink flowers;



var. feet Aug very spiny

ServiceBerry;Saskatoon

Amelanchieralnifolia var.

6-30feet

May-June

M/D S YoungForest

Whiteflowers; darkblue berries;attracts birds

Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus

4 feet May-Aug

D S Path Pink flowers;white berries(poisonous)persistthroughwinter

Spiraea,Birch-Leaved

Spiraeabetulifolia var.

10-24inches

June-July

M/D S Meadow/MoistForest

White flowersin dense flatclusters; easyto grow

Spiraea,Douglas,Pink

Spiraeadouglasii var.

4 feet June-July

M/W S Riparian/RainForest

Pink to deeprose, dense,elongateclusters; easyto grow

Sumac;Smooth

Rhus glabra 3-9feet

June-July

D S Dry Rock White flowerclusters;grows onslopes;excellent fallcolor leavesand berries

Syringa,Mockorange

Philadelphuslewisii

3-9feet

May-July

M S/PS YoungForest

White,fragrantflowers; Idahostate flower;grows inopen forests

Thimbleberry

Rubusparviflorus

11/2-7

feet

May-July

D/M PS/Sh

Dry Rock Whiteflowers;edible fruit;spreads byrhizomes

Twinberry,Black;Bearberry

Lonicerainvolucrata

3-9feet

June-July

M/W S/PS Yellowflowersclusters;black berriesin fall; boggysoil

Twinberry,Red; UtahHoneysuckle

Lonicerautahensis

3-6feet

May-July

M S/PS MoistForest

Twin, yellowflowersfollowed by



twin redberries

Willow,Bebb's*

Salix bebbiana 1-15feet

W S/PS White catkins;grows inseeps

Willow,Drummond*

Salixdrummondiana

6-12feet

M S/PS Long, ovalshapedleaves;tolerates poorsoil; moist,water's edge

Willow,Geyer's*

Salix geyeriana

4-15feet

M S Catkins;holdsshorelines

Willow,Pacific*

Slix lasiandra 3-27feet

W S Pale yellowcalkins;mediumshrub orsmall tree;holdsshorelines

Willow,Sandbar*

Salix exigua To 12feet

May-June

W S Grows onsandbars

Willow,Scouler*

Salixscouleriana

7-33feet

D/M S YoungForest

Erect,clumpedgrowth

PERENNIALS

CommonName

ScientificName

Height

Bloom Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alumroot,Round-Leafed

Heucheracylindrica var.

6-20inches

May-Aug

D S Dry Rock/Meadow

Creamflowers onspike-likeclusters

Arnica,Broadleaf

Amica latifoliavar.

3-20inches

AllSummer

M S/PS MedicinalGarden

Brightyellow rayflowers

Arnica, Heart-Leaved

Amicacordifolia

3-20inches

May-Aug

M S/PS MedicinalGarden

Yellow,daisy-likeflowers;leavessimilar totrail plant



Aster, Showy Eurybiaconspicua

1-3feet

July-Sept

D/M PS/Sh

YoungForest

Blue toviolet rayflowers withyellowcenters;loamy soil;growsunder pines

Aster, SmoothBlue

Aster laevis 4-10inches

July-Sept

D/M S Rose-purple toblue orviolet,yellowcenter

Balsamroot,Arrowleaf

Balsamorhizasagittata

12-18inches

May-June

D S/PS Dry Rock Veryshowy,daisy typeyellowflower; welldrained soil

Beargrass Xerophyllumtenax

Stemsto 4.5feet

May-Aug

M S Subalpine Creamyflowercluster ontall stem;grass-likeleaves inclumps; lilyfamily

Bedstraw,Fragrant

Galiumtriflorum

8-39inches

May-June

M/W PS/Sh

Tiny whiteflowers;reseeds;peat soil

Bergamot, WildBeebalm

Monardafistulosa

8-28inches

June-Aug

M/D S/PS Pink/purpleflowers;largeclumps,rhizomes; amint; sandto loam soil

Biscuitroot,Fern-leaved

Lomatiumdissectum

To 5feet

Apr-June

D S/PS Yellow orpurpleflowers;rocky soil

Biscuitroot,Nine-leaf

Lomatiumtritematum

8-32inches

Spring D S Yellowflowers;



likes rockysoil

Biscuitroot, Salt& Pepper;Gorman'sDesert-Parsley

Lomatiumgormanii

4-10inches

EarlySpring

D/M PS Small whiteflowers(salt)w/purpleanthers(pepper);eastexposure

Bitterroot Lewisiarediviva

2-3inches

Apr-July

D/M S Showy pinkflower; welldrainedrocky soil

Blanketflower Gaillardiaaristata

8-27inches

June-July

D S YoungForest

Flowersyellow tomaroon;reseeds;welldrainedsoil;toleratesheat

Bluebell, Long-flowered orMountain

Mertensialongiflora

5-8inches

Apr/June

M S/PS Pink,clustered,bell shapedflowers turnblue

Bluebells Campanularotundifolia

6-20inches

AllSummer

D S Dry Rock Purplish-blue, bellshapedflowers onthin, wirystems; welldrained soil

Buckwheat,Cushion

Eriogonumovalifolium

2-6inches

May-Aug

D S Creamywhite flowercluster; matforming,gray-greenleaves

Buckwheat,Sulphur

Eriogonumumbellatum

2-12inches

June-Aug

D S Creamywhite flowerclusteroften tingedwith red orpurple; mat



forming,gray-greenleaves

Buttercup, Little

Ranunculusuncinatus

6-24inches

EarlySummer

M/W S/Sh Small paleyellowflowers

Buttercup,Sagebrush

Ranunculusglaberrimusvar.

2-8inches

EarlySpring

D/M S/PS Yellowflowers;coniferousforests;vanishes inmidsummer

Camas,Common

Camassiaquamash

12inches

Apr/July

M S/PS Riparian Severalblue-purpleflowers perstem; likecoarsegrass; wetspring anddry summersoil

Cattail,Common

Typha latifolia

Stemsto 6feet

W S Riparian Dark brownblossomsbecomecottonywhenmature;organicsoil; wetfeet;rhizomes

Cinquefoil,Graceful

Potentillagracilis var.

1-2feet

LateSpring

D S/PS Yellowflowers; 5-fingeredleaves;looks like"marijuanaleaf"

Cinquefoil,Sticky

Potentillaglandulosavar.

6-16inches

June-Aug

D/M S/PS Pale yellowflowers; 5-fingeredleaves

Clarkia, PinkFairies

Clarkiapulchella

2-8inches

May-June

M/D S Pinkflowers;welldrainedsoil;



annual;reseeds

Collomia,Narrow-leaved

Collomialinearis

4-15inches

May-Aug

D/M S Smalltubular pinkflowers indensecluster

Columbine,Red

Aquilegiaformosa

8-28inches

May-Aug

D/M S/PS Dry Rock Droopingred sepals,yellowpetals

Columbine,Yellow

Aquilegiaflavescens

8-30inches

June-Aug

M S/PS Yellowpetals,yellowsepals maybe tingedwith pink;mountainmeadows

Cow Parsnip Heracleummaximum

3-7feet

June M/W S/Sh Wetland Whiteflowerclusters 4-12 inchesacross;maplelike,showyleaves

Fireweed Chamerionangustifoliumssp.angustifolium

1-7feet

June-Aug

M S Dry Rock Large roseto purpleflowers.First togrow after afire;spreads byrhizomes

Flax, Blue Linum lewisii 2 feet May-Sep

D/M S/PS YoungForest

Blueflowersreplacedaily;reseeds;very easy togrow

Fleabane,Daisy

Erigeronspeciosus

4-24inches

May-Aug

D/M S/PS Subalpine Blue rayflowers withyellowcenter.Bloomsbefore the



asters

Foamflower Tiarellatrifoliata var.

6-20inches

June-July

W/M Sh/PS

Tiny,delicatewhiteflowers onwiry stalks

Geranium,Cranesbill

Geraniumrichardsonii

16-35inches

May-Sept

M PS/Sh

White topinkishflowers

Geranium,Sticky

Geraniumviscosissimum

16-35inches

May-Sept

D S/Sh Pinkish-purpleflowers;grassymeadows

Goldenrod Solidagocanadensisvar. salebrosa

12-70inches

July-Oct

D/M S/PS Meadow Denseclusters ofshowyyellowflowers

Grass Widow Olsyniumdouglasii var.inflatum

6-10inches

EarlySpring

M S/PS Purple-blueflowers; iris-like leaves

Groundsel,Arrowleaf

Seneciotriangularis

1-5feet

June-Sept

W S/PS Yellowcompositeflowers inflat toppedheads

Hollyhock,Mountain

lliamnarivularis

3-6feet

June-Aug

M S Showyspikes ofpink towhiteflowers;large,maple-likeleaves; welldrained soil

Hooker'sFairybells

Disporumhookeri

1-3feet

LateSpring

M/W S/Sh MoistForest

2-3 creamyflowershang fromstem ends;red berriesin fall

Hyancinth,Wild

Brodiaeadouglasii

6-10inches

Apr-June

D S/PS Blueflowersclumped atthe end of a



long stem

Jacob's ladder Polemoniumpulcherrimum

2-15inches

May-Aug

D/M S Blueflowers; inthe Phloxfamily;reseedsreadily

Larkspur,Montana

Delphiniumbicolor

3-15inches/

6-24inches

Apr-July

D/M S Stalk ofblue/purple,showyflowers;grassyprairies,coniferousforests

Larkspur,Nuttall's

Delphiniumnuttallianum

6-16inches

D S/PS Showy blueto violetflowers;open forest

Lily, Columbia;Tiger lily

Liliumcolumbianum

2 feet Jul/Aug 3 3 Dry Rock Orangeflowers withred-purpledots; loosefertile soil;purchaseas seed orcorms

Lily, Leopard;Chocolate Lily

Fritillarialanceolata

21/2

feet

April-June

M S/PS Purple-brownflowersmottled withgreen.Purchasecorms

Lupine, Silky Lupinussericeus

8-24inches

Spring D S Meadow Deepblue/purpleflowers onerect stems

Lupine, Silvery

Lupinusargenteus

4-16inches

Spring D/M S/PS Meadow Violet/blueflowers onerect stems;clumps

Meadowrue,Western

Thalictrumoccidentale

1-3feet

M S Small whiteflowers inloose



clusters attop of stems

Miner's Lettuce

Claytoniaperfoliata(Montiaperfoliata)

2-12inches

Apr-July

M PS/Sh

White topinknoddingflowers in aclusterabove leafdisk

Miner's lettuce,Heart-leaved

Claytoniacordifolia

4-12inches

May-Sept

W PS MoistForest

Small whiteflowers withpink veins;growsalongstreams

MonkeyFlower, Yellow

Mimulusguttatus

3-36inches

Summer

W S/Sh Yellowflowers;growsalongstreams

Nightshade,DwarfEnchanter's

Circaea alpina

4-20inches

M/W Sh Tinyflowers;showyleaves;cool, dampforest orwetlandsites

Onion, Pinknodding

Alliumcemuum

4-20inches

June-July

D S/PS Medicinal Pink to rosepurpleflowers;spreads byclumping

PearlyEverlasting

Anaphalismargaritacea

1-3feet

July-Oct

D/M S Dry Rock Whiteflowers indenseclusteredheads;good driedflower

Phalicia,Threadleaf

Phacelialinearis

3-20inches

May-July

D S Lavender-blueflowers;annual;reseeds

Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum 4-12 May-July D/M S/Sh Dry Rock Pink to red



inches

flowers,lacy leaves;plumedseed pods;gravelly soil

Prince's Pine Chimaphilaumbellata

1 foot June-Aug

M S/PS Pinkflowers ontop of longstem;evergreen,rosetteleaves

Shooting start,Woodland

Dodecatheonpulchellum

6-16inches

Apr-Aug

M S/Sh 2-15 pinkflowers perstem; likesmoisthumus richsoil

SkunkCabbage

Lysichitonamericanus

1-3feet

Apr-July

W PS/Sh

Wetland Spike oftiny yellowflowerssurroundedby a yellowhood; bogs

Solomon's-Seal, False

Maianthemumracemosum

1-3feet

Apr-July

M PS/Sh

Whiteflowers; redberries;spreads byrhizomes

Solomon's-Seal, Star-flowered

Maianthemumstellatum

8-24inches

May-June

M S/PS Small whiteflowers;rhizomes;moist, openforest

Stonecrop Sedumstenopetalum

2-8inches

May-Aug

D S/PS Starshaped,brightyellowflowers;grows onwelldrainedrockyslopes

Sweet Cicely,Western

Osmorhizaberteroi,

16-48inches

Apr-July

M Sh Yellow orwhite



Osmorhizapurpurea

flowers ingroups;black,needleshapedseeds;licoricearoma; richsoil

Trailplant,Pathrinder

Adenocaulonbicolor

Up to 3feet

June-Sept

M Sh Tiny whiteflowers onmultiplewispystems;leaves lightcolorunderneath

Trillium Trilliumovatum

1 foot Mar-June

M/W Sh/PS

MoistForest

Threebroad whitepetals onshowyflower;threeleaves

Twisted Stalk Streptopusamplexifolius

1-3feet

May-June

M PS/Sh

Greenish-white, bellshapedflowershang downfromundersideof leaves;red berriesin fall

Valerian, Sitka

Valerianasitchensis

1-3feet

June-Aug

M S/PS Pale pinkfading towhiteflowers;featheryseedplumes;rhizomes

Violet, EarlyBlue

Viola aduncavar.

4inches

Apr-Aug

D/M S/PS Dry Rock Blue orpurpleflower

Violet, Round-leaf

Violaorbiculata

To 2inches

Apr-July

M S/PS MoistForest

Yellowflower



Violet, Streamor Pioneer

Viola glabella

2-7.5inches

Apr-July

M/W S/PS MoistForest

Yellowflower;streamsand seeps

Waterlily,Yellow

Nuphar luteassp.polysepala

4-18inches

Summer

W S/Sh Large,yellowflowers andlargeleaves floaton thesurface ofponds 2-10feet deep orslowstreams

Woodland Star;Prairie Star

Lithophragmaparviflorumvar.

8-20inches

Apr-June

M S/PS Small,white flower

Yarrow Achilleamillefolium

6-24inches

Aug-Oct

D/M S Whiteflowers;leavesfernlike;reseedsagressively;fragrant

Yellow Bell Fritillariapudica

3-12inches

Apr-June

D S/PS Noddingyellowflowers;purchasecorms

FERNS

Common Name

ScientificName

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Brittle Bladder(Fragile) Fern

Crystopterisfragilis

4-12inches

D S Rocky sites;foothills toalpine

Cliff Fern Woodsiascopulina

To 10inches

D PS Rocky soil;dry cliffs;talus slopes

CrestedShieldfern

Dryopteriscristata

12-25inches

M/W PS/Sh

InteriorRainForest

Wet woods;evergreen



Lady Fern Athyriumfilixfemina

2-5feet

M PS/Sh

InteriorRainForest

Leaves invase-likeclusters;spreadswell byrhizomes

Oak Fern Gymnocarpiumdryopteris

3-14inches

M Sh Spreadswell byrhizomes;welldrained,acidic soil

OregonWoodsia;Western CliffFern

Woodsiaoregana

To 7.5inches

D PS Rocky soil;dry cliffs;rockyslopes;clusters ofleaves

Parsley Fern,Rockbreak

Cryptogrammaacrostichoides

4-12inches

M S Open, welldrained,rocky sitesparsley-likeleaf clusters;evergreen

Sword Fern,Common

Polystichummunitum

2-4feet

D/M Sh InteriorRainForest

Rich soil;largeclumps ofleathery,deep greenfronds

GRASSES, RUSHES, SEDGES, REEDSCheck with local veterinarians for appropriate species where livestock may graze.

CommonName

Scientific Name

Height

Bloom Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alkalibluegrass

Poa juncifolia; P.secunda ssp.Juncifolia

Common atlow to midelevations inalkalinemeadows,grasslandsand dry openforests

Alpine Poa alpine High



bluegrass elevations inmeadows,disturbed sitesand rockyslopes

Americansloughgrass

Beckmanniasyzigachne

Cool seasonannual or shortlived perennialgrasscommonlyfound inshallowmarshes orsloughs.Frequentlycolonizesdenudedwetland soilsresulting frommud flatexposure.Seed unitsprovide foodfor migratorywaterfowl.

Blue-BunchWheatgrass

Pseudoregneriaspicata

2-3feet

D S Perennialbunch grass,leaves hairyabove; doughttolerant

Blue Wildrye

Elymus glaucus

2-3feet

June-Aug

M/D S Meadow Blue-greenblades in smallclumps;deciduousforest; wildlifeforage

Bulrush,Hardstem

Scirpus acutus 2-10feet

June-Sept

W S Grayish-brownspiklets andstems;rhizomes;grows in water

Bulrush,Small-flowered

Scirpusmicrocarpus

To 4feet

LateSummer

W S Wetland - rootsneed to be inwater;triangularstems; foragefor waterfowl



Bulrush,Softstem

Schoenoplectustabernaemontani

2-4feet

LateSummer

W S Wetland - rootsneed to be inwater;triangularstems; foragefor waterfowl

Cattail,Common

Typha latifolia Stemsto 6feet

June-Aug

W S Riparian Organic soil bylakes andstreams;rhizomes;blossomsbecomecottony whenmature;invasive; waterpurifier

Columbiabrome

Bromus vulgaris

Similar andcommon

Commonsweetgrass

Hierochloeodorata

(Name variesin U.S.; growsin all Canadianprovinces) lowto highelevations inwetlands

Cusick'sbluegrass

Poa cusickii Widespead atlow to highelevations ingrasslandsand alpinemeadows

Fringedbrome

Bromus ciliatus Loosly tuftedperennialcommon in midto subalpinemoist forestsand wetlands

Hairbentgrass(Ticklegrass)

Agrostis scabra Densley tuftedperennialcommon at lowto midelevations inmeadows,forestopenings anddisturbed sites



IdahoFescue

Festucaidahoensis

1-3feet

D/M S/PS

Meadow Bluish-green,densely tuftedbunchgrass;cool, welldrained soil

Needle-and-thread grass

Stipa comata Tuftedperennialbunchgrass,common at lowto midelevations ingrasslandsand on southfacing slopesin dry forestopenings(good foragebefore sharpseeds form)

Noddingtrisetum

Trisetumcemuum

Moist forests,clearings andstream banksfrom low tosubalpineelevations

Noddingwood-reed

Cinna latifolia Increases"tremendously"on moistdisturbed sites.Moist forests,low to midelevations

Nuttall'salkaligrass

Puccinellianuttaliana

Wetlands, lowto midelevation, oftenwhere alkaline.Forage

Pinegrass Calamagrostisrubescens

2-3feet

June-Aug

D S/PS

Yellow-greento purple seedheads; dryconiferousforests;rhizomes

Pumpellybrome

Bromus inermisssp.Pumpellanus

Rhizomatous,sod formingperennial;scattered atlow to



subalpineelevations ongrassy slopesand edge ofdry forests (notBonner Countybut inShoshoneCounty)

Roughfescue

Festucacampestris;Festrucascabrella

Var. majorcommon at lowto midelevations indry to moistforests andgrasslands(county levelnot avail onUSDA)

Rough-leavedricegrass

Oryzopsisasperifolia

Prostrate orspreadingstems, low tomid elevationsin dry to moistforestopenings andclearings

Sandbergbluegrass

Poa secunda; P.sandbergii; Poasecunda

J. Preslwidespread atlow to midelevations onwell drainedsoils; commonin lowelevationgrasslands

Sedge,Beaked

Carex rostrata 6-45inches

W S Large clumps;rhizomes; wetfeet

Sedge,Water

Carex aquatilis 3 feet W S/PS

Forms a densesod; rhizomes;wet feet

Spiketrisetum

Trisetumspicatum

Perennialbunchgrass,open dry sitesat low to highelevations

Spikerush, Eleocharis 4-50 M/W S Round stems;



Creeping palustris inches

rhizomes;alkaline soil;forms densestands; tufted;wet feet

Spreadingneedlegrass

Stiparichardsonii

Tuftedperennialcommon at lowto midelevations ingrasslandsand forestopenings oftenforming solidstands at forestedges

Squirreltailgrass

Elymuselymoides;Sitanion hystrix

Scattered indry to moistsites in openforests andgrasslands, allelevations(KootenaiCounty andothers south)

Stiffneedlegrass

occidentalis;Achnatherumoccidentale

Dry areas, lowto midelevations,open forests,ridges,grasslands(distribution onUSDA in Idahounconfirmed)

Timberoatgrass

Danthoniaintermedia

Mid to highelevations,grasslands,meadows,wetlands andopen forests

TuftedHairgrass

Deschampsiacespitosa

11/2-2

feet

Spring-Summer

D/M S/PS

Riparian Showy plumesin late summerand fall; denseclumps;reseeds; deerresistant

Westernfescue

Festucaoccidentalis

Widespreadand common



at low to midelevations indry to moistforests andclearings

GROUND COVER

CommonName

ScientificName

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Blackberry,Dewberry

Rubus ursinus

2-3inches

June D/M S White flowers;ground huggingtrailing shrub;edible berries;prickles

Bunchberry

Comuscanadensis

2-8inches

Spring

M PS MoistForest

White flowers;bright redberries;evergreen; coolacidic soils;spreads byrhizomes

Ginger,Wild

Asarumcaudatum

2-4inches

Apr-July

M Sh MoistForest

Hidden maroonflowers; fragrant;moist, rich,organic soil

Kinnikinnick

Arctostaphylosuva-ursi

6-10inches

D S/PS Paths Urn-shaped pinkflowers, redberries;evergreen

OregonGrape,Creeping

Mahoniarepens

6-2inches

Apr-June

D/M S Path Yellow flowerclusters; blueberries; redleaves in fall;evergreen

Pussytoes,Rosy

Antennariamicrophylla

2-18inches

June-Aug

M PS Subalpine Pink/whiteflowers in tightheads; gray-green leavesform mats; moistforest

Pussytoes,Woods

Antennariaracemosa

4-24inches

May-Aug

D/M PS/Sh

White flowers;gray-greenleaves form amat; rhizomes



Self-Heal,Heal-All

Prunellavulgaris

4-20inches

May-Sept

M PS/Sh

Pink to purpleflowers in adense head onshort stems;spreads

Strawberry,Wild

Fragariavirginiana andF. vesca

2-6inches

May-Aug

D/M Sh/PS

White flowers;tasty, edible fruit;spreads easilyby runners

Sweet-scentedbedstraw

Galiumtriflorum

1-4inches

PS Lowsubalpine

Vanillafragrance; smallflowers

Twinflower Linnaeaborealis

4inches

June-Sept

M S/PS MoistForest

Trumpet-likenodding pinkflowers; fragrant;organic soil

VINES

CommonName

ScientificName

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Clematis,WesternVirgin'sBower

Clematiscolumbiana

2-15feet

long

May-July

M Sh MoistForest

Blue to lavenderflowers; feathery,plumed seedpods; plant seedin fall

Clematis,White Virgin'sBower

Clematisligusticifolia

Up to60 feetlong

May-Aug

D/M S/PS

Dry Rock Cream coloredopen flowerclusters; silveryplumed seedpods; woody vine;well drained soil

Honeysuckle,Orange

Loniceraciliosa

6-18feet

May-July

D/M PS Arbor Orange-yellowflowers; climbs;orange-red berries

Peavine,Creamy

Lathyrusochroleucus

12-40inches

May-July

M/D S/PS

Cream coloredflowers; rhizomes;rocky, openforests; fixesnitrogen;deciduous

PART II - ADDITIONAL PLANT LIST



Nonnative plants considered beneficial because they are: noninvasive, low water users, locally available and use no or low insecticides or pesticides Codes:Soil - D = dry; M = moist; W = wetLight - S = sun; PS = part sun or shade; Sh = Shade

*Keep away from sewer and septic lines

TREES

Common Name Scientific Name Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Arborvitae

Austrian Pine Pinus nigra

Bristlecone Pine Pinus aristata

Burr oak Quercusmacrocarpa

Colorado bluespruce

Picea pungens

Commonhackberry

Celtis occidentalis

Gingko tree Gingko biloba

Goldenrain Tree Koelreuteriapaniculata

Green Ash Fraxinuspennsylvanica

Hawthorn Crataegusdouglasii

Limber Pine Pinus flexilis

NarrowleafCottonwood

Populusangustifolia

Oak Quercus sp.

Parrotia Parrotia persica

Plains Cottonwood

P. deltoides

Red Maple Acer rubrum

Scotch Pine Pinus sylvestris



SHRUBS


Bloom

Moisture

Light

Aboretum

Notes

American CranberryBush

Viburnum sp.

American Plum Prunus americana

Blue Mist Caryopteris sp.

Chokeberry Aronia sp

Common juniper Juniperuscommunis

Common lilac Syringa vulgaris

Fothergilla Fothergilla sp.

Juniper Juniperus sp.

Oakleaf sumac Rhus trilobata

Pine Pine sp.

Redstem ceanothos Ceanothussanguinus

Shrubby cinquefoil Dasiphorafloribunda

Silver buffalo berry Sheperdiaargentea

Staghorn sumac Rhus typhina

Virginia Sweetspire Itea virginica

Western sandcherry Prunus pumila

PERENNIALS


Bloom

Moisture

Light

Aboretum

Notes

American vetch Vicia americana

Beardtongue Penstemon sp.

Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia fulgida



Blanket Flower Gaillardiagrandiflora

Blazing Star Liatrus sp.

Bluestar Amsonia sp.

Butterfly Weed Asclepias tuberose

Coastal strawberry

Fragaria chiloensis

Cone Flower Echinacea

Hyssop Agastache rupestris

Indian paintbrush Castillejaangustifolia

Larkspur Delphinium sp.

Lupine Lupinus sp.

Maximilian'sSunflower

Helianthusmaximiliana

Oregon Iris Iris tenax

Prairie Coneflower

Ratibidacolumnifera

Yarrow Achillea sp.

Yucca Yucca glauca

GRASSES, RUSHES, SEDGES, REEDSCheck with local veterinarians for appropriate species where livestock may graze.


Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Baltic Rush Juncus balticus

Beaked Sedge Carex utriculata

Big-leaf Sedge Carex amplifolia

Common or SoftRush

Juncus effusus

Green needle grass

Nassella viridula

Hard Fescue Festuca



trachyphylla

Inflated Sedge Carex vesicaria

Jointed Rush Juncus articulatis

Nebraska Sedge Carexnebraskensis

Prairie june grass Koeleriamacrantha

Sheep fescue Festuca ovina

Small-wingedSedge

Carex microptera

Softstem Bulrush Scirpus validus

Thickspikewheatgrass

Elmus lanceolatus

Three-squareBulrush

Scirpus pungens

Westernwheatgrass

Pascopyrumsmithii

Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus

Wooly sedge Carex lanuginosa

(Ord. 501, 11-18-2008)

Appendix B – Native and Beneficial Plants · Desert-Parsley Lomatium gormanii 4-10 inches Early...

Documents

Transcript of Appendix B – Native and Beneficial Plants · Desert-Parsley Lomatium gormanii 4-10 inches Early...