Appendix 7.4 Vantage Point Survey Methodology · Vantage Point Methodology The Vantage Point (VP)...

AECOM Volume 3 - Appendices

Appendix 7.4Vantage Point Survey Methodology

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Vantage Point MethodologyThe Vantage Point (VP) surveys followed the guidance published by Scottish Natural Heritage(SNH, 2005) This is currently the most up to date and robust approach available forapplication to collision risk assessments for onshore wind farms, The methodology has beenused in other ornithological wind farm assessments throughout the United Kingdom and isconsidered to be applicable to the assessment of wind farm proposals throughout the UK.

Choice of Survey Area and VP Locations

The chosen Survey Area covered all land up to approximately 500 m from the outermostturbines of the proposed and existing turbines, The survey boundary was designed toresemble a simple geometric shape that coincided with ground features obvious to thesurveyor in the field, including the positions of existing wind turbines, dry stone walls,woodland edges, watercourses, fences, buildings and access tracks visible from the VP,. Thisincreases the accuracy of flight line observations.

Adequate coverage of the Survey Area was achieved from a single VP located on the easternflank of Great Hameldon, looking WNW in an arc of 180°, The VP, viewshed and SurveyArea are shown in figure A9,4-1,The viewshed represents all parts of the survey area within2 km of the VP that are visible upwards of the minimum rotor swept height (RSH) of theexisting turbines (20 m).

Recording Effort

VP watches of maximum 3 hours duration were carried out at different times of the daybetween dawn and dusk, concentrating on post -dawn and dusk periods when peregrineactivity was generally at its greatest. Barring extreme high winds, driving precipitation andconditions of poor visibility such as fog, in which birds were impossible to record, the surveyswere carried out in all conditions.

A total of 36 hours of VP survey was carried out over the entire site in July and August 2009The survey dates and times are summarised in Table A9.4-1..

The VP watches involved continuously scanning the area covered by the chosen viewingangle/arc using the naked eye, binoculars and a telescope

When the target species was not active during VP watches, non -target species were recordedat 5 minute intervals in line with SNH guidance (SNH, 2005). This information was used tosupplement the results of the breeding bird surveys, particularly for areas to the west ofThorny Bank Wood.

Focal animal sampling

The Survey Area was scanned constantly until a target species was detected in flight. Oncedetected, the target bird was watched continuously until it ceased flying or was lost from view.The time the bird was first detected and duration of the flight were recorded Since it wouldbe impossible for a surveyor to make a constant record of changes in bird height and keeptrack of the bird's position, the method allows for bird height to be recorded at time intervals of15 -seconds (at the point of detection T=0, then T=15, T=30 and so on). The birds flyingheight was estimated at each interval by recording it in one of the predetermined height bandsshown below.. These were chosen to correspond to the indicative dimensions of the proposedturbines and the known dimensions of the existing turbines. They fit neither turbine modelexactly because the indicative turbine dimensions and models under consideration were notdecided until after the VP surveys were completed The height bands were:



<20m

20 - 50m

50 - 100m

>100m

The middle height bands (i e 20-100m) are roughly equal to the RSH, which is the heightrange at which a bird would be at risk of collision.. The number of intervals recorded at eachheight gives a prediction of the amount of time spent at these heights.. This has beenadjusted to account for the differences in RSH between different turbine models (seeAppendix 9.5)..

Additional notes about the behaviour, sex and age of the target birds were made wheneverpossible.. Flights outside the survey area were recorded to aid the assessment of core flightareas, but these were not timed..

Flight Path Summary MapsThe route followed by each target species detected was plotted on a field map and wasnumbered 1, 2, 3 etc for each flight recorded, and cross referenced with the recording form.Display flights, aggressive interactions with other birds or any other signs of breeding wererecorded on the VP form to supplement the bird territory information gathered during thebreeding bird surveys.

References

Scottish Natural Heritage (2005); Consultation Draft. Survey Methods for Use In AssessmentOf The Impacts Of Proposed Onshore Wind Farms On Bird Communities. SNH,http.//www.snh.orq.uk/pdfs/stratemilrenewable/bird survey.pdf



Table A9.4-1: Vantage Point Survey DatesDate Time Hours10/07/09 Day 2

15/07/09 Day 3

15/07/09 Dusk 2

16/07/09 Day 1

23/07/09 Day 3

23/07/09 Dusk 3

24/07/09 Dawn 3

24/0709 Day 2

29/07/09 Dusk 2.530/07/09 Day 3

30/07/09 Day 1.5

12/08/09 Day 2

12/08/09 Dusk 3

13/08/09 Dawn 3

13/08/09 Day 2

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Appendix 7.5Description of Collision Risk Model



Calculating the Collision Risk Model (CRM)Principles and Assumptions of the CRM

The aim of the CRM is to estimate the rate of collision for the target species, with theassumption that all collisions would be fatal, In reality, birds do not fly blindly into turbinerotors, instead taking some form of avoiding action through behavioural adjustments orevasive action., This is acknowledged through the application of an avoidance factor to themodel output which, in the absence of empirically derived avoidance rates for most species, isusually an assumed value

The collision rate is calculated automatically using the model developed by Band et al (in

press), as shown in the attached model screenshots The flight time interval data recorded inthe field are used to estimate the proportion of the overall recorded flight time that wouldoccur at Rotor Swept Height (RSH) The model scales this up to derive the predicted birdactivity per unit area per year and from this the number of passes made through the rotors peryear by the target species can be estimated.. The collision rate is then predicted according tothe general principles behind the model, as explained below

Collision mortality is a product of two separate stages of the CRM:

No.. collisions = No.. of passes through rotors (Stage 1) x

Probability of a bird flying through the rotor being hit (Stage 2)

The approach to Stage 1 varies depending on whether or not the target species is a bird orbirds whose use of the wind farm airspace is regular but more or less random (such asraptors and waders with territories within or overlapping the wind farm) or birds that makeregular flights through the wind farm, for instance on passage routes (e ,g over -winteringgeese making regular flights between roost and feeding areas). Peregrine falls within theformer category

Stage 2 is carried out using a 'probability of collision' model as described in SNH guidance(2000) and Band et a/ (in press) This uses the length, wingspan and flight speed of the bird,plus turbine rotor dimensions and rotation speed to compute the probability of a collisionshould a bird make a transit through the air space swept out by the moving rotor.

There are a number of assumptions made in the CRM. For instance the model calculationassumes that the rotor blades have width and pitch but no thickness, and near -misses do notaffect a bird making a pass close to the rotors, despite the slipstream created around aturbine blade.. The model requires an estimation of the amount of time a species is active inthe survey area in a year and also utilises avian biometric data that can be site and season -specific. For example flight speed of the target species is used in both stages of thecalculation, but this may vary depending on whether a species uses the area primarily forbreeding (and hence display flights) or for hunting (involving prey -pursuit), as well as factorssuch as prevailing weather conditions. These two behaviours would be likely to result indifferent flight speeds at different sites, which could deviate significantly from mean air speedvelocities recorded elsewhere.

A key assumption of the model is that no action is taken to avoid collision, however it is widelyacknowledged (for instance by SNH, 2000) that, in reality, birds are likely to take avoidingaction.. In the general absence of empirically derived collision avoidance rates for individualspecies, further assumptions are made about the likely level of active avoidance that mayoccur. Avoidance rates in excess of 99% for several raptors have been reported on otherwind farms (Percival, 2000), however collision rates are likely to be highly site and species -specific, and collision rates at on -shore wind farms are poorly understood. The CRM used inthis assessment assumed a cautious avoidance rate of 95%, following Band et al. (in press)and in line with avoidance rates currently accepted by SNH for most species(http://www.snh.orq.uk/strateqvirenewable/sr-we00a2.asP)

Model Input Data



The input parameters of the model include variables relating to the turbine dimensions,operational parameters and biometric/ecological characteristics of the target species Actualvalues are used whenever possible, as supplied by the turbine manufacturer or derived fromwind industry publications and peer -reviewed scientific papers. Where such information is notavailable, assumed values have been used.

The watch area was determined from measurement in a Geographic Information System(GIS) of the parts of the viewshed upwards of 20 m above ground level All other inputparameters are summarised in Table A9.5-1.

All flight lines recorded during VP watches were digitised using a GIS to aid the identificationof core flight areas and analysis of flight distribution. The theoretical collision mortality foreach target species was calculated by entering the VP flight data into the Band model Onlyflight activity recorded at the RSH was used in the model as flights at all other heights wouldnot put the target species at risk of collision. This was determined retrospectively from thetime interval data.

To accommodate the differences in specification and size between the existing and proposedturbines, the CRM was run twice using different input parameters for turbine size andoperational characteristics The model runs are included in Appendix 9.5, which also outlinesthe input parameters, assumed values and any references from which certain inputparameters were obtained.

Table A9.5-1: Wind Farm and Bird Parameters used in the CRM

Parameter Value Source

Wind Turbine MM70 MM82

Rotor diameter 70 82 Manufacturer

Hub height 55 69 Manufacturer

Max. rotor depth 1.9 m 2.2 m Manufacturer

Max. Chord 3.1 m 3.58 m Manufacturer

Pitch (average operational) 17° 17° Assumed

Rotation period (at max. rpm) 3 seconds 3.53seconds

Manufacturer

Turbine operation time 77 5% 77.5% Middle value of range quoted inBWEA (2005)

Peregrine

Length 0.45 m Provan and Whitfield (2007)

Wingspan 1.1 m Provan and Whitfield (2007)

Assumed flight speed 14 ms"' Provan and Whitfield (2007)

No. of days potentially present 365 ier year Assumed

No of hours potentiallypresent

12 per day Assumed

Assumed avoidance rate 95% SNH guidance online

References

Band, W , Madders, M. and Whitfield, D P. Developing field and analytical methods to assessavian collision risk at wind farms. In Birds and Wind Power de Lucas, M., Janss, G.F.E. andFerrer, M. (eds.), 2007. Quercus Press, Spain

British Wind Energy Association (2005) Wind and the UK's 10% Target BWEA BriefingSheet: http.//www.bwea.com/pdf/briefinqs/target-2005-small.pdf



Scottish Natural Heritage website. Guidance and Information Specific to Bird Interests -Avoidance Factors. http://www.snh.orq.uk/strateqvirenewable/sr-we00a2.asp

Scottish Natural Heritage (2000). Windfarms and Birds. Calculating a theoretical collision riskassuming no avoiding action. SNH Guidance Note Series 2000:http.//www.snh.oniuk/pdfs/strateovirenewable/COLLIS.pdf.

Percival, S.M. (2000)., Birds and wind turbines in Britain. British Wildlife 12(1) BritishWildlife Publishing..

Provan, S.. and Whitfield, D P. (2007).. Avian Flight Speeds and Biometrics for use in CollisionRisk Modelling Natural Research report to Scottish Natural Heritage..



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Data Search Results

Table A9.6-1: Bird Records from Lancashire County CouncilSpecies Conservation Status (see

footnotes)Location/tetrad (ifknown)

BlackbirdTurdus merula

SD83A

Blue titCyanistes caeruleus

SD82E, SD83A

ChaffinchFringilla coelebs

SD82E

ChiffchaffPhylloscopus collybita

SD83A

Coal titPeriparus ater

SD82E, SD83A

Collared doveStreptopelia decaocto

SD83A

CurlewNumenius arquata

UKBAP, Amber SD82E

DipperCinclus cinclus

SD82E

DunnockPruneIla modularis

Amber SD82E

GoldcrestRegulus regulus

Amber SD82E

Great titParus major

SD82E

GreenfinchCarduelis chloris

SD83A

Grey partridgePerdix perdix

UKBAP, Farmland Birds, Red

Grey wagtailMotacilla cinerea

Amber SD82E, SD83A

House martinDelichon urbica

Amber

House sparrowPasser domesticus

UKBAP, Red SD83A

JayGarrulus glandarius

SD83A

KestrelFalco tinnunculus

Amber

LapwingVanellus vanellus

UKBAP, LBAP, Red SD82E

LinnetCarduelis cannabina

UKBAP, Farmland Birds, Red

MagpiePica pica

SD82E

MallardAnas platyrhynchos

Amber SD83A

Meadow pipitAnthus Eatensis

Amber

MerlinFalco columbarius

EC1, SCH1, Amber



Table A9.6-2: Bird Records from East Lancashire Ornithologists Club

Species ConservationStatus (seefootnotes)

Notes

Peregrine EC1, SCH1 Padiham, 1st August 2009, Family party of3 birds.

Golden plover EC1 Count: 20, Great Hameldon, 16th October2009.

Red kite (Milvusmilvus)

EC1, SCH1 Great Hameldon, 16th October 2009

Hobby (Falcosubbuteo)

SCH1 1 male, Hapton, 4th July 2008

Fieldfare(Turdus pilaris)

SCH1 Hameldon Hill, flock of 120, 18th October2009.

Hameldon Hill, flock of 45. 10th February2008

EC1

SCH1

Annex 1 of the EC Birds Directive

Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended).




Appendix 7.7Data Search



Win

terin

g B

ird S

urve

y R

esul

ts

Win

terin

u B

irds

Rec

orde

d w

ithin

the

Sur

vey

Are

a.S

peci

esC

onse

rvat

ion

stat

us(s

ee fo

otno

tes)

Est

imat

ednu

mbe

rC

omm

ents

Bla

ckbi

rd T

urdu

s m

erul

a2

Sin

gle

bird

s at

Tho

rny

Ban

k C

loug

h an

d at

New

Bar

n.

Bla

ck -

head

ed g

ull L

arus

rid

ibun

dus

Am

ber

10+

For

agin

g flo

cks

near

turb

ines

.

Blu

e tit

Cya

nist

es c

aeru

leus

Min

imum

2P

art o

f mix

ed ti

t flo

ck in

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Car

rion

crow

Cor

vus

coro

ne35

+C

omm

on a

nd w

ides

prea

d fly

ing

over

and

fora

ging

on

past

ure.

Cha

ffinc

h F

ringi

lla c

oele

bsM

inim

um 2

Indi

vidu

als

at T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d an

d N

ew B

arn

Coa

l tit

Pen

paru

s at

erM

ax. c

ount

4P

art o

f mix

ed ti

t flo

ck in

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Com

mon

gul

l Lar

us c

anus

Am

ber

21+

For

agin

g flo

cks

near

turb

ines

.

Dun

nock

Pru

nella

mod

ulan

sA

mbe

r2

Cal

ling

at y

oung

pla

ntat

ion

adja

cent

to T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Fer

al p

igeo

n C

olum

ba U

m20

+O

verf

lyin

g si

te in

floc

ks o

f var

ying

siz

es.

Fie

ldfa

re T

urdu

s pi

lans

SC

H1,

Red

Flo

cks

up to

120

For

agin

g th

roug

hout

on

open

hab

itats

. Flo

cks

also

at

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Gol

dcre

st R

egul

us r

egul

us1

Sin

gle

bird

cal

ling

at T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Gre

at b

lack

-ba

cked

gul

l Lar

us m

arin

asA

mbe

rN

o co

unt

A g

roup

of 4

ove

rfly

ing.

Not

see

n to

be

usin

g th

e si

te a

ndre

cord

ed in

freq

uent

ly.

Gre

at s

potte

d w

oodp

ecke

rD

endr

ocop

os m

ajor

1T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Gre

at ti

t Par

us m

ajor

No

coun

tS

ingl

e bi

rds

at T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Gre

y he

ron

Ard

ea c

iner

ea1

Indi

vidu

als

over

flyin

g an

d flu

shed

from

Tow

er B

rook

.

Her

ring

gull

Laru

s ar

gent

atus

UK

BA

P, R

edN

o co

unt

Sin

gle

bird

s ov

erfly

ing.

Hou

se s

parr

ow P

asse

r do

mes

ticus

UK

BA

P, R

ed2

At O

ld B

arn

cotta

ge

Jack

daw

Cor

vus

mon

edul

a2

Ove

rfly

ing

bird

s.

Kes

trel

Fa/

co ti

nnun

culu

sA

mbe

r1

Sin

gle

bird

rec

orde

d hu

ntin

g.

Less

er b

lack

-ba

cked

gul

l Lar

us fu

scus

Am

ber

No

coun

tS

ingl

e bi

rds

and

pairs

ove

rfly

ing.

Long

-tai

led

tit A

egith

alos

cau

datu

sM

ax. c

ount

8P

art o

f mix

ed ti

t flo

ck in

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

n st

atus

(see

foot

note

s)E

stim

ated

num

ber

Com

men

ts

Mag

pie

Pic

a pi

caN

o co

unt

Sin

gle

bird

s ov

erfly

ing

and

feed

ing.

Mal

lard

Ana

s pl

atyr

hync

hos

Am

ber

Max

imum

17

Fee

ding

with

in s

ite a

nd o

verf

lyin

g. M

ax. c

ount

of f

eedi

ngbi

rds

on im

prov

ed p

astu

re n

orth

east

of Q

uarr

yfie

ld F

arm

.M

eado

w p

ipit

Ant

hus

prat

ensi

sA

mbe

rG

roup

of 1

7, p

lus

indi

vidu

als.

Wid

espr

ead.

Min

imum

17

in fo

ragi

ng g

roup

. Add

ition

al in

divi

dual

s,in

clud

ing

terr

itoria

l mal

es fr

eque

nt o

ver

rush

pas

ture

inso

uthe

rn h

alf o

f site

.M

istle

thru

sh T

urdu

s vi

sciv

orus

Am

ber

Min

imum

3In

divi

dual

s ca

lling

and

sin

ging

on

Hap

ton

Par

k an

d at

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Per

egrin

e F

alco

per

egnn

usE

C1,

SC

H1

1R

ecor

ds o

f a s

ingl

e bi

rd o

verf

lyin

g th

e S

urve

y A

rea.

Pie

d w

agta

il M

otac

illa

alba

No

coun

tIn

divi

dual

s ov

erfly

ing

and

feed

ing.

Rav

en C

orvu

s co

rax

1 pa

irS

een

in d

ispl

ay fl

ight

ove

r H

apto

n P

ark.

Red

win

g T

urdu

s ili

acus

SC

H1,

Red

10+

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Ree

d bu

ntin

g E

mbe

riza

scho

enic

lus

UK

BA

P, L

BA

P:

Far

mla

nd B

irds,

Am

ber

Min

imum

3m

ales

In r

ush

past

ure

and

on im

prov

ed p

astu

re in

the

east

and

nort

h of

the

Sur

vey

Are

a. C

lose

to w

et h

abita

ts a

ndru

nnin

g w

ater

.R

obin

Erit

hacu

s ru

becu

la1

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Roo

k C

orvu

s fr

ugile

gus

Max

. cou

nt 4

6C

omm

on a

nd w

ides

prea

d fly

ing

over

and

fora

ging

on

past

ure.

Mix

ed fe

edin

g flo

cks

with

car

rion

crow

.

Sis

kin

Car

duel

is s

pinu

s1

Sin

gle

mal

e fe

edin

g in

gar

dens

at N

ew B

arn.

Sky

lark

Ala

uda

arve

nsis

UK

BA

P, L

BA

P,

Far

mla

nd B

irds,

Red

Max

cou

ntap

prox

20.

Wid

espr

ead.

Win

ter

feed

ing

flock

of a

ppro

x. 2

0. U

p to

10

indi

vidu

alm

ales

in s

ongf

light

sta

rtin

g to

hol

d te

rrito

ries

by e

nd o

fse

ason

, mos

tly in

rus

h pa

stur

e on

sou

ther

n ha

lf of

Sur

vey

Are

a.

Sni

pe G

allin

ago

galli

nago

Am

ber

Min

imum

3F

lush

ed fr

om r

ush

past

ure

on u

pper

slo

pes

in s

outh

ern

half

of S

urve

y A

rea.

Als

o fr

om p

astu

re c

lose

to e

xist

ing

turb

ines

.

Son

g th

rush

Tur

dus

philo

mel

osU

KB

AP

, LB

AP

, Red

1S

ingl

e m

ale

sing

ing

at T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Spa

rrow

haw

k A

ccip

iter

nisu

s1

Obs

erve

d on

ce o

nly.

Pro

babl

e vi

sito

r to

site

from

wid

erar

ea.



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

n st

atus

(see

foot

note

s)E

stim

ated

num

ber

Com

men

ts

Sta

rling

Stu

rnus

vul

gans

UK

BA

P, R

edF

lock

s up

to 1

20F

requ

ently

pre

sent

fora

ging

on

past

ure

thro

ugho

ut th

e si

tean

d ov

erfly

ing.

Ofte

n in

mix

ed fl

ocks

with

fiel

dfar

e.

Sto

ck d

ove

Col

umba

oen

asA

mbe

rN

o co

unt

Indi

vidu

als

and

smal

l gro

ups

over

flyin

g.

Tre

ecre

eper

Cer

thia

fam

iliar

's1

Sin

gle

bird

cal

ling

at T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.

Woo

dpig

eon

Col

umbo

pal

umbu

sG

roup

s up

to 6

.T

otal

num

ber

unkn

own.

Indi

vidu

als

and

smal

l gro

ups

over

flyin

g.

Wre

n T

rogl

odyt

es tr

oglo

dyte

s2-

3In

divi

dual

s si

ngin

g an

d ca

lling

clo

se to

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood

and

on H

apto

n P

ark.

EC

1

SC

H1

UK

BA

P

LBA

P

Far

mla

nd B

irds

Red

Am

ber

Ann

ex 1

of t

he E

C B

irds

Dire

ctiv

e.

Sch

edul

e 1

of th

e W

ildlif

e an

d C

ount

rysi

de A

ct 1

981

(as

amen

ded)

.

UK

BA

P P

riorit

y S

peci

es.

Lanc

ashi

re B

AP

Prio

rity

Spe

cies

.

A ta

rget

spe

cies

list

ed o

n th

e LB

AP

for

farm

land

bird

s.

BoC

C R

ed L

ist.

BoC

C A

mbe

r Li

st.



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

(se

efo

otno

tes)

Est

imat

ed n

o br

eedi

ngpa

irs w

ithin

500

m o

fro

ose

d tu

rbin

es0

Com

men

ts

Hou

se m

artin

Del

icho

n ur

bica

Am

ber

Indi

vidu

als,

pai

rs a

nd s

mal

l gro

ups

reco

rded

feed

ing

acro

ss th

e si

te. P

roba

bly

nest

ing

in n

earb

y fa

rm b

uild

ings

.K

estr

el F

alco

tinn

uncu

lus

Am

ber

1R

ecor

ded

calli

ng fr

om T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d an

d re

turn

ing

repe

ated

ly to

a p

ossi

ble

nest

site

ther

e.Le

sser

bla

ck -

back

ed g

ull L

arus

fusc

usA

mbe

r0

(NB

)2

flew

acr

oss

the

site

.

Less

er r

edpo

ll C

ardu

elis

flam

mea

UK

BA

P, R

ed0

(NB

)In

divi

dual

s re

cord

ed fl

ying

acr

oss

site

.

Linn

et C

ardu

elis

can

nabi

naU

KB

AP

, Far

mla

ndB

irds,

Red

0 (N

B)

Indi

vidu

als

and

pairs

rec

orde

d fly

ing

acro

ss th

e si

te.

Pro

babl

e fe

edin

g vi

sits

mad

e to

the

site

by

this

spe

cies

.N

o ev

iden

ce o

f bre

edin

g.

Mag

pie

Pic

a pi

ca1

A s

ingl

e pa

ir to

the

wes

t of T

horn

y ba

nk W

ood,

rec

orde

ddu

ring

the

VP

sur

veys

.M

alla

rd A

nas

plat

yrhy

ncho

sA

mbe

r0

(NB

)M

ale/

fem

ale

pairs

feed

ing

on w

ette

r gr

ound

to th

e no

rth

and

nort

h-w

est a

nd o

ccas

iona

l flig

hts

acro

ss th

e si

te. N

obr

eedi

ng a

ctiv

ity r

ecor

ded

with

in th

e si

te.

Mea

dow

pip

it A

nthu

s pr

aten

sis

Am

ber

11W

ides

prea

d in

ope

n, p

artic

ular

ly u

nim

prov

ed, g

rass

land

s.M

istle

thru

sh T

urdu

s ph

ilom

elos

Am

ber

01

sing

ing

mal

e at

Old

Bar

n. O

ccas

iona

l flig

hts

acro

ss th

esu

rvey

are

a.

Per

egrin

e F

alco

per

egrin

usE

C1,

SC

H1

0

Phe

asan

t Pha

sian

us c

olch

icus

1M

ostly

a w

oodl

and/

woo

dlan

d ed

ge s

peci

es.

Pie

d w

agta

il M

otac

illa

alba

1R

ecor

ded

clos

e to

the

New

Bar

n dw

ellin

g. O

ther

indi

vidu

als

and

pairs

sca

ttere

d m

ore

wid

ely

acro

ss s

ite.

Ree

d bu

ntin

g E

mbe

riza

scho

enic

lus

UK

BA

P, L

BA

P,

Far

mla

nd B

irds,

Am

ber

2B

reed

ing

reco

rded

clo

se to

sm

all c

loug

hs a

nd tr

ibut

arie

s.O

ther

indi

vidu

als

scat

tere

d m

ore

wid

ely

acro

ss s

ite.

Rob

in E

ritha

cus

rube

cula

2R

ecor

ded

mos

tly in

woo

dlan

d an

d sc

rub.

Sky

lark

Ala

uda

arve

nsis

UK

BA

P, L

BA

P,

Far

mla

nd B

irds,

Red

5W

ides

prea

d in

ope

n, p

artic

ular

ly u

nim

prov

ed, g

rass

land

s.



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

(se

efo

otno

tes)

Est

imat

ed n

o. b

reed

ing

pairs

with

in 6

00m

of

prop

osed

turb

ines

Com

men

ts

Sni

pe G

ailin

ago

galli

nago

Am

ber

0A

sin

gle

snip

e w

as r

ecor

ded

in th

e ru

shes

just

to th

e ea

stof

Low

er P

ark/

Hap

ton

Par

k.

Son

g th

rush

Tur

dus

vasc

ivor

usU

KB

AP

, LB

AP

,R

ed1

Rec

ords

from

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood

only

.

Spa

rrow

haw

k A

ccip

iter

nisu

s0

(NB

)O

ccas

iona

l flig

hts

acro

ss th

e su

rvey

are

a re

cord

ed d

urin

gV

P s

urve

ys.

Sta

rling

Stu

rnus

vul

gar/

sU

KB

AP

, Red

0 (N

B)

Fee

ding

and

flyi

ng a

cros

s si

te.

Sto

ck d

ove

Col

umba

oen

asA

mbe

r0

Sin

ging

mal

e re

cord

ed a

t New

Bar

n.

Sw

allo

w H

irund

o ru

stic

aA

mbe

r0

Pai

rs a

nd s

mal

l gro

ups

feed

ing

acro

ss s

ite. P

roba

bly

nest

ing

in s

urro

undi

ng fa

rm b

uild

ings

.

Sw

ift A

pus

apus

Am

ber

0In

divi

dual

s an

d sm

all f

eedi

ng g

roup

s pr

esen

t acr

oss

the

site

. Pro

babl

y ne

stin

g in

nea

rby

farm

bui

ldin

gs.

Whe

atea

r O

enan

the

oena

nthe

Am

ber

01-

2 pa

irs b

reed

ing

on th

e lo

wer

eas

tern

slo

pes

ofH

amel

don

Com

mon

.

Whi

teth

roat

Syl

ivia

com

mum

sA

mbe

r1

Sin

ging

mal

e re

cord

ed in

you

ng p

lant

atio

n ad

jace

nt to

Tho

rny

Ban

k W

ood.

Will

ow w

arbl

er P

hyllo

scop

ustr

ochi

lus

Am

ber

4T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d an

d is

olat

ed s

crub

/tree

s on

the

acid

gras

slan

ds o

f Low

er P

ark.

Woo

d pi

geon

Col

umba

pal

umbu

s1

Wid

espr

ead.

Indi

vidu

als

reco

rded

in T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

dan

d fly

ing

acro

ss s

ite.

Wre

n T

rogl

odyt

es tr

oglo

dyte

)2

Wid

espr

ead.

UK

BA

P

LBA

P

Far

mla

nd B

irds

Red

Am

ber

NB

UK

BA

P P

riorit

y S

peci

es.

Lanc

ashi

re B

AP

Prio

rity

Spe

cies

.

A ta

rget

spe

cies

list

ed o

n th

e LB

AP

for

farm

land

bird

s.

BoC

C R

ed L

ist.

BoC

C A

mbe

r Li

st.

Not

rec

orde

d br

eedi

ng w

ithin

any

par

t of t

he s

urve

y ar

ea. F

lyin

g ov

er o

r fe

edin

g on

ly.




Appendix 7.9Nature Conservation Evaluation



Nat

ure

Con

serv

atio

n E

valu

atio

n of

the

Bird

Ass

embl

ages

Nat

ure

Con

serv

atio

n E

valu

atio

nS

peci

esC

onse

rvat

ion

stat

usE

stim

ated

num

ber

Nat

ure

Con

serv

atio

nV

alue

Com

men

tsW

inte

r(in

divi

dual

s)B

reed

ing

(pai

rs)*

Pro

port

ion

ofpo

pula

tion*

Bla

ckbi

rd T

urdu

sm

erul

a2

10.

8%N

eglig

ible

Bla

ckca

p S

ylvi

aat

ricap

illa

02

2.6%

Neg

ligib

le

Bla

ck -

head

ed g

ull L

arus

ridib

undu

sA

mbe

r10

+0

0.02

%N

eglig

ible

Reg

ular

use

of t

he s

urve

y ar

ea in

win

ter,

but a

bsen

t dur

ing

bree

ding

sea

son.

Blu

e tit

Cya

nist

esca

erul

eaM

inim

um 2

13.

6%N

eglig

ible

Reg

iona

l dat

a fr

om a

lim

ited

num

ber

ofsi

tes

are

likel

y to

und

er -

repr

esen

t tru

epo

pula

tion.

Car

rion

crow

Cor

vus

coro

ne35

+1

11%

reg

iona

lN

eglig

ible

Reg

iona

l dat

a fr

om a

lim

ited

num

ber

ofsi

tes

are

likel

y to

und

er -

repr

esen

t tru

epo

pula

tion.

Cha

ffinc

h F

ringi

llaco

eleb

sM

inim

um 2

32.

2%N

eglig

ible

Coa

l tit

Per

ipar

us a

ter

Max

. Cou

nt 4

12.

2%N

eglig

ible

Com

mon

gul

l Lar

usca

n us

Am

ber

21+

00.

1%Lo

w

Cur

lew

Num

eniu

sar

quat

aU

KB

AP

,A

mbe

r0

01%

Low

The

re is

evi

denc

e th

at th

is s

peci

es u

ses

the

site

occ

asio

nally

, par

ticul

arly

in th

epo

st -

bree

ding

sea

son.

Ass

essm

ent b

ased

on c

ount

s of

up

to 1

6 fe

edin

g in

sur

vey

area

.

Dun

nock

Pru

neIla

mod

ulan

sA

mbe

r2

05.

9%Lo

wN

o re

cord

ed u

se o

f the

sur

vey

area

for

bree

ding

and

the

regi

onal

cou

nt (

34)

islik

ely

to b

e a

sign

ifica

nt u

nder

estim

ate.

Fer

al p

igeo

n C

olum

baliv

ia20

+0

25%

Neg

ligib

leR

egio

nal c

ount

of 1

0 is

like

ly to

be

asi

gnifi

cant

und

eres

timat

e du

e to

lim

ited

num

ber

of c

ount

site

s.



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

Est

imat

ed n

umbe

rN

atur

eC

onse

rvat

ion

Val

ue

Com

men

tsW

inte

r(in

divi

dual

s)B

reed

ing

(pai

rs)*

Pro

port

ion

ofpo

pula

tion*

Fie

ldfa

re T

urdu

s pi

lan

sS

CH

1, R

edF

lock

s up

to12

01%

regi

onal

<0.

1% n

atio

nal

Med

ium

Abs

ent i

n su

mm

er b

ut p

rese

nce

in w

inte

ris

ass

umed

to b

e re

gula

r an

d in

sig

nific

ant

num

bers

.G

oldc

rest

Reg

ulus

regu

lus

01%

Neg

ligib

le

Gol

dfin

ch C

ardu

elis

card

uelis

01

0.3%

Neg

ligib

le

Gra

ssho

pper

war

bler

Locu

stel

la n

em/e

aU

KB

AP

, Red

01

3%M

ediu

mA

ssum

ed to

be

a re

gula

r pa

rt o

f the

bree

ding

ass

embl

age.

Gre

at b

lack

-ba

cked

gul

lLa

rus

man

nus

Am

ber

No

coun

t0

<0.

5%N

eglig

ible

Indi

vidu

als

occa

sion

ally

flyi

ng o

ver

surv

eyar

ea. I

nsig

nific

ant n

umbe

rs.

Gre

at s

potte

dw

oodp

ecke

rD

endr

ocop

os m

ajor

11

1.9%

Neg

ligib

le

Gre

at ti

t Par

us m

ajor

No

coun

t1

6%N

eglig

ible

Pre

sent

exc

lusi

vely

in T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d.R

egio

nal c

ount

like

ly to

und

eres

timat

epo

pula

tion

due

to li

mite

d nu

mbe

r of

cou

ntsi

tes.

Gre

y he

ron

Ard

eac/

nere

a1

0 (N

B)

0.4%

Neg

ligib

leIn

divi

dual

s fly

ing

over

sur

vey

area

and

occa

sion

ally

feed

ing

on T

ower

Bro

okpo

nd. Y

ear-

roun

d.

Her

ring

gull

Laru

sar

gent

atus

UK

BA

P, R

edN

o co

unt

0 (N

B)

<0.

5%Lo

wIn

divi

dual

s oc

casi

onal

ly fl

ying

ove

r su

rvey

area

. Ins

igni

fican

t aga

inst

reg

iona

l cou

ntof

206

8.

Hou

se m

artin

Del

icho

nur

bica

Am

ber

00

N/A

Low

Reg

ular

ly fe

edin

g w

ithin

sur

vey

area

.N

umbe

rs a

re li

kely

to b

e in

sign

ifica

ntag

ains

t reg

iona

l cou

nt o

f 691

.H

ouse

spa

rrow

Pas

ser

dom

estic

usU

KB

AP

, Red

20

3%Lo

wN

o ev

iden

ce o

f bre

edin

g. A

ssum

edoc

casi

onal

/irre

gula

r us

e of

sur

vey

area

.Ja

ckda

w C

orvu

sm

oned

ula

20

0.2%

Neg

ligib

le

Kes

trel

Fal

coA

mbe

r1

11.

5%Lo

wP

rese

nt y

ear-

roun

d fe

edin

g an

d br

eedi

ng



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

Est

imat

ed n

umbe

rN

atur

eC

onse

rvat

ion

Val

ue

Com

men

tsW

inte

r(in

divi

dual

s)B

reed

ing

(pai

rs)*

Pro

port

ion

ofpo

pula

tion*

tinnu

ncul

usw

ithin

the

surv

ey a

rea.

Less

er b

lack

-ba

cked

gull

Laru

s fu

scus

Am

ber

No

coun

t0

(NB

)<

0.5%

Neg

ligib

leIn

divi

dual

s fly

ing

over

sur

vey

area

. Sm

all

num

bers

rec

orde

d re

pres

ent a

tiny

prop

ortio

n of

the

regi

onal

cou

nt o

f 12,

442.

Less

er r

edpo

ll C

ardu

elis

flam

mea

UK

BA

P, R

ed0

0 (N

B)

<0.

5%Lo

wS

ingl

e bi

rd r

ecor

ded

flyin

g ov

er s

ite. N

oev

iden

ce o

f bre

edin

g or

reg

ular

pre

senc

e.

Linn

et C

ardu

elis

cann

abin

a

UK

BA

P,

Far

mla

ndB

irds,

Red

00

(NB

)0.

2% (

base

don

2in

divi

dual

s)Lo

w

Rec

orde

d fe

edin

g an

d fly

ing

over

site

, but

no e

vide

nce

of b

reed

ing

or r

egul

arpr

esen

ce in

sig

nific

ant n

umbe

rs. N

o m

ore

than

2 r

ecor

ded

in s

urve

y ar

ea. S

mal

lfa

mily

(ap

prox

. 5)

reco

rded

clo

se to

sur

vey

area

dur

ing

VP

sur

veys

.Lo

ng-t

aile

d tit

Aeg

ithal

os c

auda

tus

Max

. cou

nt 8

01.

6%N

eglig

ible

Mag

pie

Pic

a pi

caN

o co

unt

11.

5%N

eglig

ible

Mal

lard

Ana

spl

atyr

hync

hos

Am

ber

Max

imum

17

0 (N

B)

0.4%

Neg

ligib

leN

o ev

iden

ce o

f bre

edin

g an

d re

cord

ed u

seof

site

is fo

r fe

edin

g on

ly.

Mea

dow

pip

it A

nthu

spr

aten

sis

Am

ber

Gro

up o

f at

leas

t 17,

plu

sin

divi

dual

s.W

ides

prea

d.

1.3%

Low

Mis

tle th

rush

Tur

dus

philo

mel

osA

mbe

rM

inim

um 3

01.

3%Lo

wS

mal

l pop

ulat

ion.

Incl

udes

indi

vidu

als

pote

ntia

lly b

reed

ing

with

in th

e w

ider

surv

ey a

rea.

Per

egrin

e F

alco

pere

grin

usE

C1,

SC

H1

1-2

13%

reg

iona

l<

0.1%

nat

iona

lH

igh

Reg

ular

use

of t

errit

ory

by a

bre

edin

g pa

ir.

Phe

asan

t Pha

sian

usco

lchi

cus

01

14.3

%N

eglig

ible

Reg

iona

l cou

nt s

ever

ely

unde

rest

imat

esnu

mbe

rs d

ue to

lim

ited

num

ber

of c

ount

site

s.P

ied

wag

tail

Mot

acill

aal

baN

o co

unt

10.

3%N

eglig

ible

Rav

en C

orvu

s co

rax

20

1.1%

Low

Occ

asio

nal f

lyov

er v

isito

rs to

sur

vey

area



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

Est

imat

ed n

umbe

rN

atur

eC

onse

rvat

ion

Val

ue

Com

men

tsW

inte

r(in

divi

dual

s)B

reed

ing

(pai

rs)*

Pro

port

ion

ofpo

pula

tion*

but f

airly

unc

omm

on in

the

Pen

nine

regi

on.

Red

win

g T

urdu

s ili

acus

SC

H1,

Red

10+

0<

0.5%

reg

iona

l<

0.1%

nat

iona

lM

ediu

mR

egul

ar w

inte

ring

use

of th

e su

rvey

are

ais

ass

umed

.

Ree

d bu

ntin

g E

mbe

riza

scho

enic

lus

UK

BA

P,

LBA

P,

Far

mla

ndB

irds,

Am

ber

Min

imum

3m

ales

21%

Med

ium

Rob

in E

ritha

cus

rube

cula

12

3.4%

Neg

ligib

le

Roo

k C

orvu

s fr

ugile

gus

Max

. cou

nt46

024

.1%

Neg

ligib

leR

egio

nal c

ount

sev

erel

y un

dere

stim

ates

num

bers

due

to li

mite

d nu

mbe

r of

cou

ntsi

tes.

Sis

kin

Car

duel

is s

pinu

s1

00.

3%N

eglig

ible

Sky

lark

Ala

uda

arve

nsis

UK

BA

P.

LB W

_F

arm

land

Bird

s, R

ed

Max

cou

ntap

prox

20.

Wid

espr

ead.

55.

2% (

base

don

bre

edin

gpo

pula

tion)

Med

ium

Sni

pe G

allin

ago

gaffi

nago

Am

ber

Min

imum

30

0.5%

Low

No

evid

ence

of b

reed

ing

with

in th

e su

rvey

area

.S

ong

thru

sh T

urdu

svi

sciv

orus

UK

BA

P,

LBA

P, R

ed1

12.

2%Lo

wS

mal

l res

iden

t bre

edin

g po

pula

tion.

Spa

rrow

haw

k A

ccip

iter

nisu

s1

0 (N

B)

0.9%

Neg

ligib

leO

ccas

iona

lly h

unts

acr

oss

site

. Pre

sent

year

-rou

nd.

Sta

rling

Sha

mus

vulg

ar/

UK

BA

P, R

edF

lock

s up

to12

00

(NB

)0.

8%M

ediu

mP

rese

nt a

ll ye

ar-r

ound

as

a fe

edin

g vi

sito

rto

the

site

. No

evid

ence

of b

reed

ing.

Sto

ck d

ove

Col

umba

oena

sA

mbe

r2

0N

/AN

eglig

ible

Sw

allo

w H

irund

o ru

stic

aA

mbe

r0

00.

4%Lo

wR

egul

arly

use

s si

te fo

r fe

edin

g in

sm

all

num

bers

. No

mor

e th

an 1

0 co

unte

d at

any

one

time.

Sw

ift A

pus

apus

Am

ber

00

N/A

Low

Reg

ular

ly u

ses

site

for

feed

ing

in s

mal

l



Spe

cies

Con

serv

atio

nst

atus

Est

imat

ed n

umbe

rN

atur

eC

onse

rvat

ion

Val

ue

Com

men

tsW

inte

r(in

divi

dual

s)B

reed

ing

(pai

rs)*

Pro

port

ion

ofpo

pula

tion"

num

bers

.

Tre

ecre

eper

Cer

thia

fam

iliar

's1

02.

9%N

eglig

ible

Whe

atea

r O

enan

the

oena

nthe

Am

ber

00

0%Lo

w1-

2 br

eedi

ng p

airs

are

loca

ted

beyo

nd th

ew

este

rn p

erip

hery

of t

he s

urve

y ar

ea.

Whi

teth

roat

Syl

via

com

mun

isA

mbe

r0

14.

4%Lo

w

Will

ow w

arbl

erP

hyllo

scop

us tr

ochi

lus

Am

ber

04

1.6%

Low

Woo

d pi

geon

Col

umba

palu

mbu

s

Gro

ups

up to

6. T

otal

num

ber

unkn

own.

10.

9%N

eglig

ible

Wre

n T

rogl

odyt

estr

oglo

dyte

s2-

32

16%

Neg

ligib

le.

Reg

iona

l cou

nt s

ever

ely

unde

rest

imat

esnu

mbe

rs d

ue to

lim

ited

num

ber

of c

ount

site

s.

* W

ithin

500

m o

f tur

bine

s

Bas

ed o

n la

rges

t cou

nt fr

om s

urve

ys. U

nles

s st

ated

oth

erw

ise,

reg

iona

l sig

nific

ance

of n

umbe

rs c

ompa

red

agai

nst c

ount

sfo

r E

ast L

anca

shire

publ

ishe

d by

ELO

C fo

r 20

09 (

httn

://w

ww

.eas

tlanc

sorn

ithol

odis

ts.o

rd.u

k/R

ep-t

otal

bvS

ite.a

spx)

. Nat

iona

l sig

nific

ance

anal

ysed

aga

inst

num

bers

publ

ishe

d in

Rob

inso

n (2

005)

.




Appendix 8.1Significance Criteria



I



Impact significance criteriaImpactSignificance Criteria

Very Large

Within cultural heritage it is highly unlikely this category will be assigned to abeneficial effect Cultural heritage features assigned this level of impactsignificance will represent key factors in the decision making processAdverse - Assets of international or national importance which are partiallydamaged, or assets of national or regional value which are almost whollydamaged or destroyed, leading to an almost complete loss of integrity orinformation Mitigation measures will have had minimal effect in reducing thesignificance of impactBeneficial - These effects will virtually restore an asset or its setting and re-establish its significance. Previous negative impacts will be reversed. Effectswill significantly contribute to international, national, regional and local policiesfor the enhancement and promotion of heritage.

Large

These effects are considered to be very important in the decision makingprocess.. These effects are important at a national level and to statutorybodies..Adverse - these effects will damage cultural heritage assets, their setting orcontext, so that their integrity or understanding is destroyed or is severelycompromised, such that the resource can no longer be appreciated orunderstood. Effects will seriously conflict with national, regional and localpolicies. Mitigation measures may not deal appropriately with all aspects ofthe impact.Beneficial - these effects will halt rapid degradation or erosion of assets ofnational or regional importance, or result in significant restoration of settingand reestablishment of significance to heritage assets.. Effects will significantlycontribute to national, regional and local policies for the enhancement andpromotion of heritage.

Moderate

These effects are likely to be important to considerations, but not key factors,in the decision making process, unless cumulative effects combine to raisethe overall significance These impacts are likely to be important at a regionallevel and to statutory bodiesAdverse - these effects will damage cultural heritage assets, or their setting,so that their integrity or understanding is compromised but not destroyed.Effects will be at odds with local and regional policies for heritage. Adequatemitigation measures can be specified..Beneficial - these effects are likely to result in the halting of degradation orerosion of heritage assets or result in the restoration of characteristic featuresor setting so that understanding and appreciation is improved. Effects willpositively contribute to local and regional heritage policies.

Slight

These effects are unlikely to be critical factors in the decision making process,but are likely to be important factors in the design of a project. These effectsare important at a local level.. There may be some contribution to, or variancewith local heritage policies.Adverse - the proposals will damage cultural heritage assets, or their setting,so that their integrity or understanding is diminished but not compromised.Adequate mitigation measures can be specified.Beneficial - the proposals will stabilise cultural heritage assets or enhancetheir setting, so that their integrity is maintained or understanding is improved.

NeutralNo effects upon cultural heritage or the effects are negligible. There is noconflict with, or contribution to, policies for protection of heritage resources.

1




Appendix 8.2Site Descriptions



Kno

wn

Arc

haeo

lo

Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No

onF

igs.

8.1

&8.

2

SD

82

NW

3P

RN

261

-M

LA26

1

SD

808

1 29

83M

edie

val

Site

of H

apto

n T

ower

. Tow

er b

uilt

by 1

510

by S

ir Jo

hn T

ownl

ey. R

efer

ence

s to

a to

wer

befo

re 1

500

prob

ably

ref

er to

Hap

ton

Cas

tle, w

hich

fell

out o

f use

onc

e th

e to

wer

was

built

. The

tow

er w

as d

escr

ibed

as

bein

g de

relic

t in

1725

and

sta

ndin

g on

ly 6

yar

ds h

igh.

Itre

port

edly

had

two

entr

ance

s an

d th

ree

cylin

dric

al to

wer

s al

ong

one

wal

l. T

here

are

repo

rts

of o

utbu

ildin

gs s

urro

undi

ng th

e to

wer

.

1

SD

73

SE

29

SD

788

310

Pos

t -M

edie

val

A 1

7th

cent

ury

farm

hou

se.

2

SD

83

SW

58,

MLA

7617

PR

N76

19-

4148

33

SD

821

302

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Low

er M

ickl

ehur

st F

arm

hous

e. P

ossi

bly

a su

rviv

ing

win

g of

an

orig

inal

ly la

rger

hou

se,

prob

ably

late

16t

h ce

ntur

y, c

onst

ruct

ed fr

om w

hite

was

hed

rend

er o

n sa

ndst

one

with

quoi

ns a

nd a

sto

ne s

late

roo

f. Li

sted

Bui

ldin

g G

rade

II.

3

SD

83

SW

61,

PR

N76

06-

MLA

7604

SD

801

309

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Old

Bar

n fa

rmho

use,

a 1

9th

cent

ury

farm

hou

se. O

ld b

arn

show

n on

15'

edi

tion

OS

map

of

the

area

. Thi

s ha

s po

ssib

ly b

een

inco

rpor

ated

into

a la

ter

build

ing.

4

SD

83

SW

29,

PR

N76

07-

MLA

7605

4148

42

SD

810

303

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Bar

n an

d fo

rmer

farm

hous

e c.

50m

eas

t of N

ew B

arn

Far

mho

use.

Bui

lt c.

170

0 w

ithat

tach

ed b

arn.

The

hou

se is

now

use

d as

a s

tore

and

is c

onst

ruct

ed fr

om c

ours

edsa

ndst

one

rubb

le w

ith s

ome

quoi

ns a

nd a

sla

te r

oof.

List

ed B

uild

ing

Gra

de II

.5

SD

72

NE

11,

PR

N19

45 -

MLA

1945

SD

794

5 28

90 (

Are

a)M

esol

ithic

Mes

olith

ic fl

ints

foun

d in

clud

ing

blad

es, f

lake

s an

d m

icro

liths

from

the

top

of G

reat

Ham

eldo

n.6

3497

5S

D 8

2 N

W 1

0P

RN

1970

-M

LA19

70

SD

809

2 28

39 (

Are

a)M

oder

n

Sta

rfis

h B

ombi

ng D

ecoy

SF

35E

bui

lt Ja

nuar

y 19

41. A

Sec

ond

Wor

ld W

ar d

ecoy

site

loca

ted

on th

e so

uth

-fac

ing

slop

e of

Ham

eldo

n H

ill.

It w

as o

ne o

f fiv

e bo

mbi

ng d

ecoy

slo

cate

d ar

ound

Acc

ringt

on. T

he s

ite w

as b

uilt

to d

raw

aw

ay e

nem

y bo

mbs

by

crea

ting

the

illus

ion

of s

ettle

men

t act

ivity

. Thi

s w

as d

one

by r

ecta

ngul

ar a

nd s

ub -

rect

angu

lar

fireb

reak

sw

ithin

whi

ch th

e fir

es w

ere

lit a

nd c

ontr

olle

d. In

194

1 th

e si

te h

ad s

imul

ated

urb

an li

ghtin

gad

ded

to e

nhan

ce it

s ef

ficie

ncy.

Sch

edul

ed M

onum

ent.

7

SD

72

NE

22

SD

796

279

Mod

ern

Sta

rfis

h B

ombi

ng D

ecoy

SF

35E

bui

lt A

pril

1941

. A S

econ

d W

orld

War

dec

oy s

ite a

t8

1



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No

onF

igs

8.1

&82

Acc

ringt

on.

SD

83

SW

68

1451

907,

PR

N15

383-

MLA

1534

6

SD

810

50 3

1391

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Hap

ton

Val

ley

Col

liery

. Sun

k in

185

3, H

apto

n V

alle

y st

ill r

etai

ns a

num

ber

of s

igni

fican

tfe

atur

es in

clud

ing

an e

ngin

e ho

use,

fan

hous

e an

d pi

thea

d ba

ths.

The

pit

clos

ed in

196

4.9

PR

N31

119-

MLA

2790

0S

D 7

8964

288

79P

ost -

Med

ieva

lA

band

oned

and

rui

ned

rem

ains

of a

farm

stea

d na

med

as

Ham

eldo

n H

all o

n th

e 1s

t edi

tion

OS

map

.10

PR

N26

237-

MLA

2617

3S

D 8

0731

300

38U

nkno

wn

Ear

thw

ork

rem

ains

of a

pos

sibl

e bu

ildin

g pl

atfo

rm. E

vide

nce

of m

ason

ry a

nd o

ther

bui

ldin

gm

ater

ials

.11

PR

N19

68 -

MLA

1968

SD

798

4 28

00U

nkno

wn

Wes

t Hap

ton

Par

k a

phot

ogra

ph s

how

ing

a cr

opm

ark

of a

pat

tern

of d

rain

age

chan

nels

.12

PR

N19

69 -

MLA

1969

SD

803

80 2

8470

Unk

now

nT

wo

poss

ible

circ

ular

enc

losu

res

seen

on

aeria

l pho

togr

aphs

of H

amel

don

Hill

, Hap

ton.

13

NU

MB

ER

NO

T U

SE

D14

PR

N19

80 -

MLN

1980

,P

RN

1626

2-M

LA16

225

SD

796

20 2

9230

Neo

lithi

c or

Pos

t-M

edie

val/M

oder

n

A p

ossi

ble

Neo

lithi

c lo

ng b

arro

w. H

owev

er, e

vide

nce

sugg

ests

that

this

mon

umen

t cou

ldal

so b

e of

a m

ore

rece

nt d

ate,

pos

sibl

y as

soci

ated

with

qua

rryi

ng a

nd h

as b

een

mar

ked

on m

appi

ng a

s be

ing

a po

nd. T

he m

ound

has

a d

epre

ssio

n w

hich

sug

gest

s a

colla

psed

inte

rnal

pas

sage

.

15

PR

N19

81 -

MLA

1981

SD

795

00 3

0040

Unk

now

nC

ropm

ark

of u

nkno

wn

date

at H

apto

n R

ifle

Ran

ge.

16

PR

N 1

982

-M

LA19

82S

D 8

0430

292

70U

nkno

wn

D -

shap

ed e

nclo

sure

of u

nkno

wn

date

on

Low

er P

ark,

Hap

ton.

Aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hs s

how

the

area

of H

apto

n T

ower

, alth

ough

this

is r

eally

not

vis

ible

, as

wel

l as

the

appa

rent

sm

all

D -

shap

ed e

nclo

sure

.17

PR

N 1

984

-M

LA19

84S

D 8

2080

294

60U

nkno

wn

Aer

ial p

hoto

grap

h sh

ows

vario

us li

near

feat

ures

in th

e fo

rm o

f ban

ks a

nd d

itche

s, r

unni

ngac

ross

the

moo

rs, p

resu

mab

ly a

ssoc

iate

d w

ith e

ither

fiel

d bo

unda

ries,

trac

kway

s or

drai

nage

.

18

PR

N24

65 -

MLA

2465

SD

794

50 2

8900

Unk

now

nG

reat

Ham

eldo

n E

xtra

ctiv

e P

it. A

eria

l pho

togr

aphs

sho

w c

ircul

ar fe

atur

es o

n th

e hi

llsu

mm

it, p

ossi

bly

extr

actio

n pi

ts.

19 2



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s8.

1 &

82P

RN

3498

-

MLA

3498

,P

RN

2623

0-M

LA26

166

SD

808

86 3

0096

Rom

ano

-Brit

ish

or M

edie

val

A r

ectil

inea

r di

tche

d an

d ba

nked

enc

losu

re. C

. 19m

by

15m

inte

rnal

ly. T

he b

ank

0.2-

0.4m

high

and

up

to 5

m w

ide

& th

e di

tch

has

sim

ilar

dim

ensi

ons.

One

long

sid

e is

ove

rlain

by

ala

ter

ston

e en

clos

ure

wal

l. P

ossi

bly

a la

te p

rehi

stor

ic o

r R

oman

o -B

ritis

h se

ttlem

ent.

It m

aybe

con

nect

ed to

Hap

ton

Tow

er. E

arth

wor

k en

clos

ure

was

iden

tifie

d by

CW

A D

BA

in 2

002.

20

PR

N35

45 -

MLA

3545

SD

806

00 3

1400

Med

ieva

lS

ite o

f a m

edie

val m

edic

inal

spa

. Lis

ted

in B

yrne

(19

82)

The

Hol

y W

ells

Nam

ed W

ells

and

Spa

s of

Nor

th E

ast L

anca

shire

.21

PR

N70

12 -

MLA

7010

SD

795

30 3

0740

Pos

t -M

edie

val

A s

ands

tone

qua

rry

show

n on

firs

t edi

tion

Ord

nanc

e S

urve

y m

ap o

f 184

8. N

ear

Lane

End

s, H

amel

don

Roa

d, H

apto

n.22

PR

N70

13 -

MLA

1713

SD

793

70 3

0930

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Tow

nele

y A

rms

Inn,

Lan

e E

nds,

Hap

ton.

Sho

wn

on fi

rst e

ditio

n O

rdna

nce

Sur

vey

map

of

1848

.23

PR

N70

14 -

MLA

7012

SD

791

93 3

1125

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Sch

ool h

ouse

at N

ear

Lane

End

s, H

apto

n. S

how

n on

firs

t edi

tion

Ord

nanc

e S

urve

y m

ap o

f18

48.

24

PR

N70

39 -

MLA

7037

SD

789

00 2

8600

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Res

ervo

ir of

Oak

Prin

t Wor

ks, s

how

n on

firs

t edi

tion

Ord

nanc

e S

urve

y m

ap o

f 184

8.25

PR

N70

40-

MLA

7038

SD

793

10 2

9184

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Thr

ee s

ands

tone

qua

rrie

s sh

own

on th

e 1s

t edi

tion

OS

map

of 1

848.

The

se a

re s

till

mar

ked

on th

e cu

rren

t map

she

et.

26

PR

N76

04-

MLA

7602

SD

816

90 3

1060

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Coa

l pit

show

n on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap o

f 184

8. N

ot s

how

n on

cur

rent

map

she

et.

27

PR

N76

05-

MLA

7603

SD

810

40 3

1040

Pos

t -M

edie

val

A p

re -

Vic

toria

n er

a sp

a w

ell.

Mar

ked

as 'W

atso

n's'

on

old

OS

map

ping

. Now

kno

wn

asW

atso

n's

Laith

e'.

28

PR

N26

236-

MLA

2617

2S

D 8

0568

299

78M

edie

val

Rem

ains

of m

edie

val r

idge

and

furr

ow c

ultiv

atio

n at

Ham

eldo

n H

ill.

29

PR

N26

235-

MLA

2617

1S

D 8

0887

298

98U

nkno

wn

Ear

thw

ork

rem

ains

of a

ditc

h an

d tw

o ba

nks

on H

amel

don

Hill

.It

is p

ossi

ble

that

the

eart

hwor

k is

form

ed b

y bu

ried

rem

ains

, alth

ough

it m

ay b

e fo

rmed

by

lync

het f

arm

ing.

30

PR

N76

12-

MLA

7610

SD

821

00 3

0550

Pos

t -M

edie

val

San

dsto

ne q

uarr

y sh

own

to th

e no

rth-

wes

t of F

urth

er B

arn,

Mic

kleh

urst

Clo

ugh,

on

the

15'

editi

on O

S m

ap o

f 184

8.31

PR

N26

234-

MLA

2617

0S

D 8

0770

302

12M

edie

val

Low

ban

k ex

tend

ing

from

mou

nd (

PR

N26

232)

and

may

be

cont

empo

rary

to it

. Rid

ge a

ndfu

rrow

res

pect

s th

e ba

nk.

32 3



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s8

1 &

8.2

PR

N76

44-

MLA

7642

SD

802

16 2

8501

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Tw

o sa

ndst

one

quar

ries

show

n on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap. T

he q

uarr

ies

are

anno

tate

d as

'rubb

le' o

n th

e m

ap s

heet

and

so

may

be

of s

ome

antiq

uity

.33

PR

N76

45-

MLA

7643

SD

800

00 2

8620

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Tw

o co

al p

its s

how

n on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

S m

ap. G

iven

the

shap

e of

thes

e pi

ts,

it m

ay b

eth

at th

ey w

ere

orig

inal

ly b

ell p

its. T

hey

may

als

o ha

ve b

een

part

of t

he C

upol

a C

ollie

ry.

34

PR

A76

46-

MLA

7644

SD

803

60 2

8720

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Coa

l pit

show

n on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap. T

his

may

orig

inal

ly h

ave

been

a b

ell p

it an

dm

ay h

ave

form

ed p

art o

f the

Cup

ola

Col

liery

.35

PR

N76

47-

MLA

7645

SD

806

73 2

8615

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Cup

ola

Col

liery

. Situ

ated

on

Ham

eldo

n H

ill n

ear

Clo

wbr

idge

. It w

orke

d th

e A

rley

Min

e.T

here

wer

e a

num

ber

of s

hafts

and

the

colli

ery

prob

ably

had

a fu

rnac

e.M

ost o

f the

site

was

cle

ared

whe

n th

e tr

ansm

issi

on s

tatio

n in

the

loca

lity

was

ere

cted

but

the

emba

nkm

ent

of th

e co

llier

y's

surf

ace

ginn

ey c

an b

e tr

aced

bac

k to

a n

umbe

r of

fille

d sh

afts

.

36

PR

N76

48-

MLA

7646

SD

811

37 2

8652

Pos

t -M

edie

val

San

dsto

ne q

uarr

y sh

own

on th

e ls

t edi

tion

OS

map

. Stil

l dis

cern

able

on

the

curr

ent m

apsh

eets

.37

PR

N76

49-

MLA

7647

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Thr

ee li

mek

ilns

are

show

n so

uth

of H

apto

n T

ower

on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap. T

he g

eolo

gyof

the

area

sug

gest

s th

ese

wer

e no

t kiln

s an

d m

ay h

ave

been

an

area

of l

imes

tone

hush

ing.

38S

D 8

0773

296

56

PR

N76

50-

MLA

7648

SD

812

10 2

9970

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Site

of a

san

dsto

ne q

uarr

y, s

how

n no

rth-

east

of H

apto

n T

ower

on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

S m

ap.

39

PR

N76

51-

MLA

7649

SD

815

51 2

9942

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Coa

l pit

show

n on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap. S

till v

isib

le o

n cu

rren

t map

she

et.

40

PR

N76

53-

MLA

7651

SD

818

90 2

9870

Pos

t -M

edie

val

San

dsto

ne q

uarr

y at

Hel

m C

loug

h sh

own

on th

e 15

` ed

ition

OS

map

. Stil

l dis

cern

able

on

curr

ent m

ap s

heet

.41

PR

N76

54-

MLA

7652

SD

822

00 2

9600

Pos

t -M

edie

val

San

dsto

ne q

uarr

y sh

ow b

etw

een

Hel

m C

loug

h an

d B

arn

Clo

ugh

on th

e 1s

` ed

ition

OS

map

.42

PR

N76

55-

MLA

7653

SD

818

10 2

9410

Pos

t -M

edie

val

San

dsto

ne q

uarr

y in

dica

ted

to th

e no

rth

of P

orte

rs G

ate

Hei

ght o

n th

e 1s

` ed

ition

OS

map

.43

PR

N76

56-

MLA

7654

SD

818

50 2

9130

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Res

ervo

ir sh

own

at B

lack

Hill

on

the

1s`

editi

on O

S m

ap. O

n cu

rren

t map

she

et it

is s

how

nas

a p

ond

with

a s

urro

undi

ng m

arsh

y ar

ea w

hich

cor

resp

onds

to th

e or

igin

al s

ize.

44

PR

N76

57-

SD

814

00 2

8470

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Hou

se a

nd s

ands

tone

qua

rry

show

n at

New

Lai

the

on th

e 1s

` ed

ition

OS

map

. The

qua

rry

45 4



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s8

1 &

8.2

MLA

7655

is to

the

sout

h of

the

hous

e.P

RN

7658

-M

LA76

56S

D 8

1480

283

80P

ost -

Med

ieva

lS

ands

tone

qua

rry

loca

ted

to th

e so

uth-

east

of N

ew L

aith

e, s

how

n on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

Sm

ap.

46

PR

N76

84-

MLA

7682

SD

806

30 2

7760

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Far

mst

ead

loca

ted

at G

reat

Clo

ugh

and

Love

Clo

ugh,

dep

icte

d on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

S m

ap.

Bui

ldin

g st

ill e

xtan

t.47

PR

N76

85-

MLA

7683

SD

805

65 2

7877

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Coa

l pit

at G

reat

Clo

ugh/

Love

Clo

ugh

show

n on

1st

edi

tion

OS

map

. It i

s lik

ely

that

this

was

par

t of t

he C

upol

a C

ollie

ry. S

till e

xtan

t as

a st

one

vaul

ted

pass

age.

48

PR

N76

86-

MLA

7684

SD

808

20 2

8010

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Hei

ghts

Far

m, s

ituat

ed to

the

wes

t of G

reat

Clo

ugh,

and

dep

icte

d on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

S

map

s. N

amed

as

'Top

of h

eigh

ts' o

n ea

rly m

appi

ng.

49

PR

N11

210-

MLA

1120

8Li

near

! SD

802

0030

000

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Line

ar b

ound

ary

of T

horn

y B

ank

Woo

d. T

his

linea

r ea

rthw

ork

is d

epic

ted

on th

e 1s

` ed

ition

OS

map

and

run

s ea

st to

wes

t.50

PR

N15

289-

MLA

1525

2S

D 8

1200

287

50M

oder

nLi

near

cul

tivat

ion

mar

ks o

n H

amel

don

Hill

, now

thou

ght t

o be

mod

ern

drai

nage

rat

her

than

ridge

and

furr

ow d

ue to

the

fact

they

run

dow

n sl

ope.

51

PR

N15

290-

M L

A15

253

SD

816

00 2

8640

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Line

ar b

ank

and

ditc

h su

gges

ting

field

bou

ndar

ies.

Orie

ntat

ed s

outh

-wes

t to

nort

h-ea

st.

Ear

lier

than

the

drys

tone

wal

ls d

epic

ted

on th

e O

S m

aps.

52

PR

N15

313-

MLA

1527

6S

D 8

1550

284

60P

ost -

Med

ieva

lR

evet

men

t on

the

east

ern

edge

of a

sm

all v

alle

y at

Ban

k C

loug

h th

at is

pre

vent

ing

land

slip

s.53

PR

N15

314-

MLA

1527

7S

D 8

1630

283

40P

ost -

Med

ieva

lC

ulve

rt a

nd w

ater

cour

se a

t Ban

k C

loug

h. S

trea

m b

anks

hav

e be

en s

trai

ghte

ned

with

drys

tone

wal

ls a

nd e

nter

a c

ulve

rt. R

evet

men

t loc

ated

to th

e no

rth.

54

PR

N15

315-

MLA

1527

8S

D 8

1770

283

80P

ost -

Med

ieva

lD

rain

age

ditc

h at

Ban

k C

loug

h. A

str

eam

bet

wee

n tw

o m

an-m

ade

leve

es.

55

PR

N15

316-

MLA

1527

9S

D 8

1730

284

10P

ost -

Med

ieva

lA

T-s

hape

d dr

ysto

ne w

all s

truc

ture

, int

erpr

eted

as

a sh

eep

fold

.56

PR

N15

336-

MLA

1529

9S

D 8

1780

287

30B

ronz

e A

ge o

rP

ost -

Med

ieva

lF

ield

cle

aran

ce c

airn

, or

poss

ibly

a b

uria

l cai

rn a

t Clo

w H

ill. T

he c

airn

is o

val a

nd h

asup

right

sto

nes

at e

dge,

pos

sibl

y re

pres

entin

g ke

rb s

tone

s.57

PR

N15

366-

MLA

1532

9S

D 8

1300

288

00M

edie

val

For

est b

ound

ary

bank

and

ditc

h kn

own

as 'L

ong

Dyk

e'. P

arto

f the

bou

ndar

y of

the

med

ieva

l for

est o

f Ros

send

ale.

Mos

tly d

estr

oyed

dur

ing

the

cons

truc

tion

of th

e R

adar

Sta

tion.

58 5



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s8

1 &

82P

RN

2623

3-M

LA26

169

SD

808

00 3

0188

Unk

now

nT

wo

bank

ed h

ollo

ws,

bis

ecte

d by

fiel

d w

all.

The

sou

ther

n ho

llow

app

ears

to h

ave

anen

tran

ce a

t the

nor

ther

n si

de. P

roba

bly

rela

ted

to th

e en

clos

ure

(PR

N26

230)

.59

PR

N26

232-

MLA

2616

8S

D 8

0785

302

21U

nkno

wn

Sub

-ci

rcul

ar m

ound

with

a p

ossi

bly

asso

ciat

ed e

nclo

sure

sur

roun

ding

it.H

ollo

wed

out

area

als

o no

ted

whi

ch h

as b

een

used

by

shee

p fo

r sh

elte

r. A

sec

ond

hollo

w is

to th

eso

uth.

Dat

e is

unk

now

n.60

PR

N16

692-

MLA

1665

541

4841

SD

809

57 3

1040

Pos

t -M

edie

val

Wat

son

Laith

e fa

rmho

use

and

barn

, Hap

ton.

Bui

lt in

17t

h ce

ntur

y. L

iste

d B

uild

ing

Gra

deII.

61

PR

N19

193-

MLA

1915

5S

D 8

0950

313

50P

ost -

Med

ieva

lLa

te 1

9th

cent

ury

drift

min

e, s

till r

ecen

tly in

use

. Par

t of H

apto

n V

alle

y C

oal M

ine.

Tw

osh

afts

with

hea

dgea

r an

d so

me

late

19t

h ce

ntur

y br

ick

build

ings

rem

ain.

62

PR

N19

350-

MLA

1931

2S

D 7

8839

309

68P

ost -

Med

ieva

lF

arm

hous

e at

Mill

Hill

, sho

wn

on ls

t edi

tion

OS

map

. Pla

ce n

ame

evid

ence

may

als

osu

gges

t the

pre

senc

e of

a m

ill?

63

PR

N22

12-

MLA

2207

1S

D 7

9941

312

18P

ost -

Med

ieva

lM

ilest

one

on th

e so

uth

side

of t

he A

679

Acc

ringt

on R

oad.

Mar

ked

on th

e 15

1 ed

ition

OS

map

but

now

no

long

er e

xtan

t.64

PR

N22

113-

MLA

2207

2S

D 8

0907

305

94P

ost -

Med

ieva

lO

ld q

uarr

y no

rth

of N

ew B

arn,

indi

cate

d on

the

1st e

ditio

n O

S m

ap.

65

PR

N22

119-

MLA

2207

8S

D 8

1480

307

61P

ost -

Med

ieva

lA

ir sh

aft/v

entil

atio

n sh

aft c

. 800

m to

the

sout

h of

Bill

ingt

on R

oad,

mar

ked

on th

e 1s

t edi

tion

OS

map

. No

long

er e

xtan

t.66

PR

N22

123-

MLA

2208

2S

D 8

1324

312

80P

ost -

Med

ieva

lO

ld q

uarr

y at

Bel

shaw

Cou

rt. Q

uarr

y is

mar

ked

on th

e 1s

t edi

tion

OS

map

.67

PR

N26

215-

MLA

2615

1,14

6227

2S

D 8

0968

300

81M

edie

val

Wat

chin

g br

ief d

urin

g co

nstr

uctio

n of

the

pres

ent w

ind

turb

ines

foun

d ev

iden

ce o

fm

edie

val r

idge

and

furr

ow c

ultiv

atio

n.68

PR

N26

228-

MLA

2616

4,14

6227

2S

D 8

0900

299

00U

nkno

wn

Und

ated

ear

thw

ork

bank

alig

ned

east

-w

est d

isco

vere

d du

ring

wat

chin

g br

ief o

n pr

esen

tw

ind

turb

ines

. The

ear

thw

ork

appe

ars

to b

e ea

rlier

than

the

adja

cent

rid

ge a

nd fu

rrow

.69

PR

N26

229-

MLA

2616

5,S

D 8

086

3007

Med

ieva

lE

arth

en e

mba

nkm

ent r

unni

ng e

ast t

o w

est.

The

ear

thw

ork

is r

espe

cted

by

the

ridge

and

furr

ow a

nd is

dee

med

to b

e co

ntem

pora

ry. E

arth

wor

k id

entif

ied

durin

g w

atch

ing

brie

f.70 6



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s.8.

1 &

8214

6227

2H

isto

ric

Map

ping

SD

803

2 30

40P

ost -

Med

ieva

lA

ir sh

aft d

epic

ted

on th

e 18

93 O

S m

appi

ng. S

till s

how

n on

cur

rent

map

s.71

PR

N26

231-

MLA

2616

7S

D 8

0713

301

35M

edie

val

Rid

ge a

nd fu

rrow

cul

tivat

ion

visi

ble

as e

arth

wor

ks lo

cate

d ne

ar tu

rbin

e co

verin

g an

are

aro

ughl

y 75

m b

y 40

0m. T

he r

idge

and

furr

ow is

alig

ned

nort

h-w

est t

o so

uth-

east

.72

2767

9S

D 7

883

3147

Med

ieva

l

Hap

ton

Cas

tle. A

rou

ghly

ova

l pla

tform

sur

roun

ded

on tw

o si

des

by a

sub

stan

tial d

itch.

The

cas

tle w

as b

uilt

by 1

328.

It w

as th

e se

at o

f the

Lor

ds o

f Hap

ton

until

Hap

ton

Tow

erw

as b

uilt

in 1

510.

The

bui

ldin

g w

as in

habi

ted

in 1

667

but i

n ru

ins

by 1

725.

It is

thou

ght t

oha

ve c

onsi

sted

of a

sto

ne to

wer

kee

p w

ith a

woo

den

palis

ade

or s

tone

wal

l enc

losi

ng a

yard

. Sch

edul

ed M

onum

ent.

73

4148

41S

D 7

9030

313

61P

ost -

Med

ieva

lH

apto

n H

all F

arm

hous

e, n

ow a

hou

se. B

uilt

of th

in s

ands

tone

rub

ble,

ren

dere

d at

the

back

with

a s

late

roo

f, Li

sted

Bui

ldin

g G

rade

II.

74

4148

44S

D 7

9392

320

48P

ost -

Med

ieva

lC

anal

Brid

ge N

umbe

r 12

1. B

uilt

c. 1

800

of c

ours

ed s

ands

tone

blo

cks.

Lis

ted

Bui

ldin

gG

rade

II.

75

4148

39S

D 8

0353

322

05P

ost -

Med

ieva

lK

notts

Brid

ge. C

anal

Brid

ge N

umbe

r 12

3. B

uilt

c. 1

800

of c

ours

ed s

ands

tone

blo

cks.

List

ed B

uild

ing

Gra

de II

.76

4148

40S

D 8

0409

317

80P

ost -

Med

ieva

lB

arn

c. 5

0m n

orth

eas

t of B

entle

y W

ood

Gre

en F

arm

hous

e. A

isle

d ba

rn, p

roba

bly

late

r17

th c

entu

ry w

ith la

ter

alte

ratio

ns. B

uilt

of c

ours

ed s

ands

tone

rub

ble

with

a s

tone

sla

tero

of. T

his

appe

ars

to h

ave

been

dem

olis

hed.

Lis

ted

Bui

ldin

g G

rade

II.

77

4148

34S

D 8

2090

310

56P

ost -

Med

ieva

lH

aber

gham

Hal

l Far

mho

use.

Lat

er 1

8th

cent

ury.

Bui

lt of

wat

ersh

ot c

ours

ed s

ands

tone

rubb

le w

ith a

sto

ne s

late

roo

f. Li

sted

Bui

ldin

g G

rade

II.

78

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

808

7 30

64U

nkno

wn

Qua

rry

pit s

how

n on

the

1912

OS

map

ping

. Stil

l ext

ant a

nd v

isib

le o

n m

oder

n ae

rial

phot

ogra

phy.

79

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

808

9 30

60U

nkno

wn

Qua

rry

pit s

how

n on

the

1893

OS

map

ping

. Stil

l vis

ible

on

mod

ern

aeria

l pho

togr

aphy

.80

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

810

0 29

77U

nkno

wn

Rifl

e ra

nge,

to th

e so

uth-

east

of H

apto

n T

ower

. Sho

wn

on th

e 18

93 O

S m

appi

ng.

81

His

toric

SD

802

5 29

22U

nkno

wn

For

mer

fiel

d bo

unda

ry, s

how

n on

the

1893

OS

map

s bu

t now

rem

oved

.82 7



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No.

on

Fig

s8

1 &

82M

appi

ngH

isto

ricM

appi

ngS

D 8

004

2903

Unk

now

nO

ld le

vel (

Coa

l) de

pict

ed o

n th

e O

S m

appi

ng. P

resu

med

to in

dica

te th

at a

coa

l sea

msu

rfac

ed, o

r th

at th

e se

am w

as o

btai

ned

from

a s

haft

here

.83

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

799

8 28

94U

nkno

wn

Ext

ent o

f Tho

rney

Ban

k W

ood

in 1

848.

Sub

sequ

ent O

S m

aps

have

sho

wn

grad

ually

redu

ced

woo

dlan

d co

vera

ge.

84

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

798

1 30

32U

nkno

wn

For

mer

fiel

d bo

unda

ry, s

how

n on

the

1893

OS

map

s bu

t now

rem

oved

.85

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

800

1 30

48U

nkno

wn

Qua

rry

pit,

show

n on

the

1893

OS

map

.86

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

807

3 30

34U

nkno

wn

Qua

rry

pit,

show

n on

the

1893

OS

map

.87

His

toric

Map

ping

SD

809

3 29

86U

nkno

wn

She

ep fo

ld, s

ituat

ed to

the

east

of H

apto

n T

ower

, dep

icte

d on

the

1893

OS

map

.88

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

809

1 29

89U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. M

ay b

e re

lict f

ield

bou

ndar

y.89

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

806

9 29

95U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ure

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. Ext

ends

acr

oss

line

of T

ower

Bro

ok.

May

be

som

e fo

rm o

f dro

vew

ay o

r tr

ackw

ay.

90

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

806

7 30

00U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy.

91

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

2 29

93U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ure

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. Ext

ends

acr

oss

line

of T

ower

Bro

ok.

May

be

som

e fo

rm o

f dro

vew

ay o

r tr

ackw

ay.

92

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

805

6 30

01U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. P

art o

f a s

mal

l col

lect

ion

of c

rop

mar

ks

incl

udin

g (9

2) a

nd (

98).

93

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

808

2 30

07U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. E

xten

ds to

nor

th-e

ast f

rom

ano

ther

linea

r (9

0).

94

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

808

3 30

19U

nkno

wn

Rec

tilin

ear

crop

mar

k id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. M

ay b

e re

late

d to

oth

er n

earb

yea

rthw

orks

.95

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

809

0 30

37U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. M

ay b

e a

relic

t fie

ld b

ound

ary

asso

ciat

ed96 8



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No

onF

igs.

8 1

&8.

2w

ith N

ew B

arn

Far

m.

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

806

7 30

43U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e ex

tend

ing

acro

ss m

oder

n fie

ld b

ound

ary

so p

resu

mab

ly p

reda

tes

this

.Id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy.

97

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

805

5 30

04U

nkno

wn

Line

ar tr

ackw

ay o

r dr

ove

way

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. May

be

asso

ciat

ed w

ithm

ovin

g liv

esto

ck to

a s

ourc

e of

wat

er..

98

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

8 30

11U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ure

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. May

be

rela

ted

to th

e m

ovem

ent o

fliv

esto

ck to

wat

er s

ourc

es.

99

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

1 30

21U

nkno

wn

Sho

rt g

roup

of l

inea

r fe

atur

esid

entif

ied

from

aer

ial

phot

ogra

phs.

Unc

lear

of t

heir

rela

tions

hip

with

sur

roun

ding

line

ars.

100

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

802

4 30

24U

nkno

wn

Cro

pmar

k/ea

rthw

orks

of p

ossi

ble

arch

aeol

ogic

al s

igni

fican

ce, W

alko

ver

surv

ey id

entif

ied

mas

onry

or

ston

ewor

k bu

ried

clos

e to

sur

face

of f

ield

leav

ing

visi

ble

trac

es.

101

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

1 30

24U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy, l

eadi

ng to

Tow

er B

rook

.10

2

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

805

4 30

46U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ure

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. May

be

cont

empo

rary

with

the

surr

ound

ing

field

bou

ndar

ies.

103

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

3 30

53U

nkno

wn

Line

ar fe

atur

e w

hich

ext

ends

acr

oss

curr

ent f

ield

bou

ndar

ies.

Iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

lph

otog

raph

y. It

is p

resu

med

to b

e pa

rt o

f a r

elic

t fie

ld b

ound

ary

syst

em.

104

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

803

2 30

54U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ures

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphs

. May

be

som

e fo

rm o

f tra

ckw

ay o

rdr

ove

way

.10

5

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

802

5 30

56U

nkno

wn

Rec

tilin

ear

crop

mar

k id

entif

ied

from

aer

ial p

hoto

grap

hy. U

nkno

wn

date

.10

6

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

809

3 29

87U

nkno

wn

Cur

vilin

ear

feat

ure

iden

tifie

d fr

om a

eria

l pho

togr

aphy

. Pos

sibl

y as

soci

ated

with

Hap

ton

Tow

er a

lthou

gh th

is c

anno

t be

conf

irmed

at p

rese

nt.

107

Aer

ial

Pho

togr

aph

SD

804

6 30

16U

nkno

wn

An

area

of l

inea

r ea

rthw

orks

pro

babl

y ov

erly

ing

the

exta

nt r

idge

and

furr

ow c

ultiv

atio

n.A

ligne

d ro

ughl

y no

rth-

east

to s

outh

-wes

t alth

ough

a s

ectio

n in

the

sout

h-w

est c

orne

r is

alig

ned

mor

e ea

st -

wes

t. A

ppea

rs to

be

delin

eate

d by

ano

ther

bou

ndar

y di

tch

on o

uter

edge

.

108

Aer

ial

SD

805

4 30

43U

nkno

wn

An

area

of l

inea

r ea

rthw

orks

pro

babl

y ov

erly

ing

the

exta

nt r

idge

and

furr

ow c

ultiv

atio

n.10

9

9



Ref

eren

ceG

rid R

efer

ence

Per

iod

Des

crip

tion

No

onF

igs

8 1

&82

Pho

togr

aph

Alig

ned

roug

hly

nort

h-ea

st to

sou

th-w

est.

App

ears

to b

e de

linea

ted

by a

noth

er b

ound

ary

ditc

h on

out

er e

dge.

SD

73

SE

12

PR

N74

3 -

MLA

743

SD

79

31M

edie

val

Birt

hwis

le m

edie

val h

amle

t in

the

paris

h of

Hap

ton

men

tione

d in

var

ious

dee

ds r

elat

ing

tote

nure

s of

land

from

the

12th

cen

tury

. The

Birt

hwis

le fa

mily

pos

sess

ed th

e la

nd fr

om th

eea

rly 1

3th

cent

ury

to th

e la

te 1

6th

cent

ury.

It w

as p

roba

bly

situ

ated

in th

e so

uth-

east

of

Hap

ton.

SD

83

NW

10

SD

80

30R

oman

Fin

d sp

ot o

f cop

per

Rom

an c

oins

.-

SD

83

SW

17

PR

N23

4 -

MLA

234

SD

80

30R

oman

A R

oman

set

tlem

ent s

ugge

sted

by

scat

tere

d R

oman

coi

ns a

nd a

pos

sibl

e R

oman

crem

atio

n bu

rial.

-

SD

83

SW

18

SD

80

30U

nkno

wn

A s

mal

l car

ved

ston

e im

age

is s

aid

to h

ave

been

foun

d re

cent

ly in

the

ruin

s of

an

old

brid

ge o

n th

e m

oors

abo

ve B

urnl

ey.

SD

83

SW

19

SD

80

30P

ost -

Med

ieva

lB

urnl

ey S

choo

l - R

oyal

Fre

e G

ram

mar

Sch

ool 1

566

PR

N35

17 -

MLA

3517

SD

80

30B

ronz

e A

geS

ever

al s

herd

s of

Bea

ker

potte

ry w

ere

foun

d in

the

19th

cen

tury

. Onl

y th

e bo

dy r

emai

nsbu

t the

dec

orat

ion

of h

oriz

onta

l lin

es fi

lled

in w

ith v

ertic

al li

nes

in th

e fo

rm o

f lad

ders

and

the

shap

e of

the

body

sug

gest

a lo

ng -

neck

ed B

eake

r.-

PR

N23

2 -

MLA

232

SD

80

30B

ronz

e A

geA

pre

hist

oric

pot

foun

d w

ithin

an

eart

h ci

rcle

in 1

905.

The

find

spo

t of t

his

cup

is B

ronz

eA

ge in

dat

e an

d m

ay b

e fr

om th

e rin

g di

tch

of a

Bro

nze

Age

bar

row

.-

10



Appendix 7.4 Vantage Point Survey Methodology · Vantage Point Methodology The Vantage Point (VP)...

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Transcript of Appendix 7.4 Vantage Point Survey Methodology · Vantage Point Methodology The Vantage Point (VP)...