APPENDIX 1 - Springer978-94-009-8650-3/1.pdfBoti Falls 70. Bowiye Range 71. Brimso 72. Bura River...

Appendices

APPENDIX 1

Reserved forest in the forest zone of Ghana

la. List of Forest Reserves, including former Forest Reserves which have been converted to Wildlife Reserves

Reserve Lat. Long. Area Area Forest- Date of (sq- km) (sq. miles) type first reser-

vation

I. Abasumba 538 N 031 W 1.0 0.4 SM 1927 2. Abisu 637 N 032 W 9.1 3.5 DSIZ 1939 3. Aboben Hill 617 N 000 W 7.3 2.8 SM 1962 4. Aboma 7 II N 129 W 45.6 17.6 DSFZ 1932 5. Aboniyere Shelterbelt 635 N 235 W 41.2 15.9 MSNW 1940 6. Abrimasu 717 N 127 W 26.2 10.1 DSFZ 1940 7. Afao Hills 614 N 219 W 34.7 13.4 MSSE 8. Afia Shelter belt 609 N 117 W 21.0 8.1 MSSE 1940 9. Afram Headwaters 710N 140 W 201.2 77.7 DSFZ 1928

10. Afrensu-Brohuma 722 N 153 W 72.5 28.0 DSFZ 1934 II. Ahirasu 737 N 032 W 1.0 0.4 SM 1927 12. Aiyaola 609 N 057 W 34.7 13.4 MSSE 1929 13. Ajenjua Bepo 623 N 102 W 5.7 2.2 MSSE 1930 14. Ajuesu 530 N 117 W 9.6 3.7 ME 1943 15. Akrobong 538 N 033 W 2.6 1.0 SM 1930 16. Amama Shelter belt 712 N 223 W 44.0 17.0 MSNW 1940 17. Angoben Shelterbelt 550 N 214 W 34.7 13.4 ME 1948 18. Anhwiaso East 618 N 210W 124.3 48.0 MSSE 1926 19. Anhwiaso North 619 N 216 W 3.6 1.4 MSSE 1926 20. Anhwiaso South 612 N 223 W 22.3 8.6 ME 1926 21. Ankaful Fuelwood 509 N 119 W 2.1 0.8 SM 1954 22. Ankasa River 517 N 235 W 518.0 200.0 WE 1934 23. Anum Su 649 N 113 W 43.8 16.9 MSSE 1928 24. Anum Su Southern Sect. 648 N 109 W 12.7 4.9 MSSE 1950 25. Apamprama 619 N 153 W 34.7 13.4 MSSE 1952 26. Aparapi Shelterbelt 708 N 209 W 19.2 7.4 MSNW 1939 27. Apedwa 608 N 033 W 4.1 1.6 MS-UE 1926 28. Apepesu 750 N 035 E 60.6 23.4 DSFZ 1954 29. Asenanyo River 627 N 207 W 227.9 88.0 MSNW 1938 30. Asin Apimanim 531 N 114 W 11.4 4.4 ME 1927 31. Asin A tandaso 534 N 120 W 153.6 59.3 ME 1937 32. Asonari 651 N 119 W 1.6 0.6 DSIZ 1928 33. Asubima 727 N 152 W 78.7 30.4 DSFZ 1945 34. Asufu Shelter belt East 705 N 140 W 11.4 4.4 DSIZ 1950

324

APPENDIX I (Con!.)


Reserve

35. Asufu Shelterbelt West 36. Asukese 37. Asuokoko River 38. Atewa Range 39. Atewa Range Extension 40. Auro River 41. Awura 42. Ayum 43. Baku 44. Bandai Hills 45. Bediako 46. Bemu 47. Ben East 48. Ben West 49." Bia Shelterbelt 50. Bia Tano 51. Bia Tawya 52. Bia Tributaries North 53. Bia Tributaries South 54. Bimpong 55. Birim 56. Birim Extension 57. Bobiri 58. Bodi 59. Boi Tano 60. Boin River 61. Bomfoum 62. Bonkoni 63. Bonsa Ben 64. Bonsa River 65. Bonsam Bepo 66. Bosomoa 67. Bosumkese 68. Bosumtwi Range 69. Boti Falls 70. Bowiye Range 71. Brimso 72. Bura River 73. Cape Three Points 74. Chai River 75. Chiremoasi Bepo 76. Chirimfa 77. Dadiaso 78. Dampia Range 79. Dede 80. Denyau Shelter belt 81. Desiri 82. Disue River 83. Dome River 84. Draw River 85. Ebi River Shelterbelt

La!.

705 N 710 N 747 N 610 N 559 N 618 N 720 N 645 N 533 N 648 N 610N 545 N 535 N 533 N 703 N 700 N 615 N 645 N 630 N 543 N 555 N 558 N 638 N 609 N 529 N 544 N 701 N 652 N 540 N 520 N 640 N 755 N 706 N 630 N 612 N 543 N 512 N 550 N 450 N 802 N 614 N 707 N 558 N 600 N 634 N 602 N 640 N 554 N 632 N 512 N 507 N

Long.

148 W 232 W 025 E 036 W 040 W 107 W 122 W 241 W 104 W 055 W 058 W 105 W 143 W 151 W 242 W 237 W 304 W 300 W 305 W 128 W 109 W 108 W 117W 252 W 239 W 256 W IIOW 238 W 145 W 151 W 237 W 149 W 215 W 125 W 014 W 203 W 118 W 218 W 203 W 026 E 128 W 117 W 302 W 140 W 016 W 147 W 220 W 259 W 112 W 220 W 222 W

Area (sq- km)

13.5 265.0 116.0 232.3 26.4

8.5 133.9 112.9

13.0 160.8

7.0 43.8 25.4 55.7 29.5

194.3 678.6 356.1 305.6 104.1 39.1 21.8 54.6

175.3 128.5 277.6 294.7 75.1

155.4 160.6 124.3 170.9 138.3 78.7

I.3 120.2 10.6

103.1 51.0

182.3 6.0

114.0 171.2 80.3 51.0 12.4

151.0 23.6 80.5

235.4 25.9

Area (sq. miles)

5.2 102.3 44.8 89.7 10.2 3.3

'51.7 43.6

5.0 62.1 2.7

16.9 9.8

21.5 11.4 75.0

262.0 137.5 118.0 40.2 15.1 8.4

21.1 67.7 49.6

107.2 113.8 29.0 60.0 62.0 48.0 66.0 53.4 30.4 0.5

46.4 4.1

39.8 19.7 70.4 2.3

44.0 66.1 31.0 19.7 4.8

58.3 9.1

31.1 90.9 10.0

Foresttype

MS-DS MSNW DSFZ UE-MS UE-MS MSSE DSFZ MSNW MSSE DSFZ MSSE ME ME ME MSNW MSNW ME MSNW ME-MS ME MSSE MSSE MSSE ME WE WE-ME DS MSNW ME ME MSNW DSFZ MSNW MSSE MSSE ME SM-DS ME ME DSFZ MSSE DSFZ ME-WE MS-ME DSFZ ME MSNW WE-ME MSSE WE WE

Date of first reservation

1951 1934 1939 1926 1951 1948 1940 1940 1929 1928

1950 1954 1954 1940 1937 1965 1940 1940 1937 1927 1940 1939 1967 1968 1932 1928 1934 1939 1932 1934 1930 1937 1931 1969 1930 1951 1932 1950 1962 1931 1932 1977 1937 1955 1939 1954 1943 1929 1937 1941

325

326

APPENDIX I (ConL)


Reserve

86. Esen Epam 87. Esuboni 88. Esukawkaw 89. Fum Headwaters 90. Fure 91. Fure Headwaters 92. Gianima 93. Goa Shelterbelt 94. Jade Bepo 95. Jade Bepo Extension 96. Jema Assamkrom 97. Jeni River 98. Jimira 99. Kabakaba Hills East

100. Kabakaba Hills North 10 I. Kabakaba Hills West 102. Kabo River 103. Kade Bepo 104. Kajeasi 105. Kakum 106. Klemu Headwaters 107. Kokotintin Shelterbelt 108. Komenda Fuelwood 109. Kpandu Range Dayi Block 110. Kpandu Range West III. Kroch ua 112. Krokosua Hills 113. Kronwam 114. Kunda 115. Kunsimua Bepo 116. K wamisa 117. Kwekaru 118. Kwesi Anyinima 119. Mamang River 120. Mamiri 121. Mankrang 122. Manzan 123. Minta 124. Mirasa Hills 125. Mpameso 126. Muro 127. Ndumfri 128. Neung 129. Nkawanda 130. Nkonto Ben 131. Nkrabia 132. North Bandai Hills 133. North Fomangsu 134. Northern Scarp East 135. Northern Scarp West 136. Nsemre

LaL

549 N 550 N 622 N 615 N 522 N 532 N 704 N 658 N 628 N 627 N 526 N 630 N 635 N 639 N 642 N 640 N 737 N 629 N 624 N 526 N 646 N 600 N 504 N 545 N 650 N 541 N 630 N 655 N 750 N 6 II N 708 N 627 N 627 N 616 N 540 N 721 N 650 N 548 N 622 N 705 N 629 N 510 N 507 N 629 N 537 N 600 N 652 N 641N 640 N 642 N 732 N

Long.

052 W 048 W 048 W 121 W 217W 223 W 135 W 228 W 051 W 051 W 244 W 155 W 155 W 029 E 030 E 027 E 026 E 048 W 057 W 119 W 031 E 116W 130 W 017 E 014 E IIIW 249 W 119W 023 E 126 W 154 W 059 W 054 W 103 W 222 W 204 W 309 W 140 W 110 W 253 W 238 W 209 W 202 W 043 W 154 W 135 W 053 W 059 W 033 W 045 W 212 W

Area (sq- km)

46.1 28.5

122.2 72.5

158.2 169.6

17.1 23.8 5.2 0.8

66.0 21.5 62.9

7.3 1.3 5.4

136.0 16.8 26.7

212.4 10.9 9.1 2.1

30.3 35.5 10.6

481.7 5.7 0.5

10.1 82.9 11.7

1.8 54.4 45.3 85.5

305.6 21.8 67.3

322.5 63.5 72.5

157.7 8.0

14.5 100.2 72.8 42.7 49.2 64.8 18.1

Area Forest-(sq. miles) type

17.8 11.0 47.2 28.0 61.1 65.5 6.6 9.2 2.0 0.3

25.5 8.3

24.3 2.8 0.5 2.1

52.5 6.5

10.3 82.1 4.2 3.5 0.8

11.7 13.7 4.1

186.0 2.2 0.2 3.9

32.0 4.5 0.7

21.0 17.5 33.0

118.0 8.4

26.0 124.5 24.5 28.0 60.9

3.1 5.6

38.7 28.1 16.5 19.0 25.0

7.0

MSSE MSSE MSSE MSSE WE WE DSIZ MSNW MSSE MSSE WE MSNW MSNW DSFZ DSFZ DSFZ DSFZ MSSE MSSE ME DSFZ MSSE SM DSFZ DSFZ ME MSNW DSIZ DSFZ MSSE DS-MS MSSE MSSE MSSE ME-WE DSFZ MSNW ME MSSE MSNW MSNW WE WE-ME MSSE ME ME-MS DSFZ MSSE OS OS DSFZ


1936 1927 1929 1932 1939 1940 1939 1940 1932 1932

>1977 1937 1932 1947 1947 1947 1931 1930 1932 1931 1947 1940 1946 1951 1947 1932 1935 1928

1937 1928 1929 1930 1938

1933 1972 1938 1937 1937 1951 1937 1954 1939 1950 1940 1928 1925 1935 1935 1939

APPENDIX I (ConL)


Reserve

137. Nsuensa 138. Numia 139. Nyamibe Bepo 140. Obotumfo 141. Oboyow 142. Ochi Headwaters I 143. Ochi Headwaters II 144. Oda River 145. Odomi River 146. Ofin Headwaters 147. Of in Shelterbelt 148. Ongwam I, II & III 149. Onuem Bepo 150. Onuem Nyamibe Shelterbelt 151. Onyimsu 152. Opimbo I & II 153. Opon Mansi 154. Opro River 155. Pamu Berekum 156. Pompo Headwaters 157. Pra Anum 158. Pra Birim 159. Pra Suhien I 160. Pra Suhien II 161. Prakaw 162. Santomang 163. Sapawsu 164. Sawsaw 165. Sekondi Waterworks II & III 166. South Fomangsu 167. Southern Scarp 168. Subin 169. Subin Shelterbelt 170. Subri River 171. Suhuma 172. Sukusuku 173. Sui River 174. Sumtwitwi 175. Supong 176. Supuma Shelterbelt 177. Tain Tributaries I 178. Tain Tributaries II 179. Tano Anwia 180. Tano Ehuro 181. Tano Nimri 182. Tano Of in 183. Tano Suhien 184. Tano Suraw 185. Tano Suraw Extension 186. Tinte Bepo 187. Togo Plateau

LaL

609 N 602 N 6 10 N 536 N 546 N 543 N 542 N 608 N 7 19 N 701 N 640 N 657 N 603 N 607 N 643 N 540 N 545 N 7 II N 725 N 615 N 615 N 558 N 516 N 5 19 N 629 N 600 N 616 N 736 N 501 N 635 N 633 N 647 N 603 N 5 17 N 558 N 633 N 610N 620 N 536 N 600 N 725 N 735 N 550 N 558 N 538 N 640 N 620 N 615 N 621 N 658 N 714 N

Long.

059 W 124 W 122 W 034 W 055 W 117 W 113 W 156 W 029 E 128 W 203 W 123 W 118 W 121 W 101 W 032 W 153 W 148 W 256 W 134 W llOW 113 W 132 W 128 W 103 W 242 W 001 E 210 W 145 W 057 W 040 W 247 W 152 W 143 W

229 W 3 II W 244 W 210 W 107 W 142 W 214 W 230 W 235 W 237 W

237 W

210 W 228 W 225 W 223 W 200 W 025 E

Area (sq- km)

62.7 50.2 22.3

1.6 63.7

3.4 9.3

164.2 16.1 13.0 60.3 31.3 34.4 24.9 8.5 1.0

116.6 129.2 189.1

12.2 123.3 23.6 82.1

104.1 9.8

21.2 15.3 62.9 10.1 41.4

154.6 238.3

22.5 587.9 358.5 147.6 333.9

3.6 35.7 25.0 30.6

509.2 153.1 176.1 205.9 402.2 84.4 28.5 75.1

115.5 150.0

Area (sq. miles)

24.2 19.4 8.6 0.6

24.6 1.3 3.6

63.4 6.2 5.0

23.3 12.1 13.3 9.6 3.3 0.4

45.0 49.9 73.0 4.7

47.6 9.1

31.7 40.2

3.8 8.2 5.9

24.3 3.9

16.0 59.7 92.0 8.7

227.0 138.4 57.0

128.9 1.4

13.8 9.7

11.8 196.6 59.1 68.0 79.5

155.3 32.6 11.0 29.0 44.6 57.9

Foresttype

MSSE MSSE MSSE SM MSSE ME ME MS-ME DSFZ DSIZ MSNW DSIZ MSSE MSSE MSSE DSIZ ME OS DS-MS MSSE MSSE MSSE ME ME MSSE ME SM DSFZ MSSE MSSE MSSE MSNW ME ME ME-MS ME ME-MS MSSE MSSE ME DSFZ DSFZ ME ME WE-ME MS-UE MS MSSE MS MSNW DSFZ


1929 1938 1933 1930 1927 1940 1940 1939 1931 1927 1951 1951 1930 1936

1927 1930 1929 1932 1930 1908 1937 1928 1933 1942 1944 1957 1976 1938 1925 1935 1956 1940 1949 1935 1972 1930 1939 1954 1938 1932 1934 1935 1967 1935 1929 1934 1934 1935 1928 1929

327

328

APPENDIX I (Cont.)


Reserve Lat. Long. Area Area Forest- Date of (sq- km) (sq. miles) type first reser-

vation

188. Tonton 600 N 205 W 146.3 56.5 ME 1936 189. Totua Shelterbelt 555 N 223 W 63.5 24.5 ME 1941 190. Upper Wasaw 607 N 213 W 100.8 38.9 ME 1925 191. Volta River 6 II N 001 E 50.5 19.5 DS-SM 1928 192. Wawahi 540 N 106 W 138.9 15.0 MS-ME 1929 193. Worobong Kwahu 631 N 033 W 55.2 21.3 MS-DS 1930 194. Worobong North 637 N 026 W 13.2 5.1 DS 1927 195. Worobong South 628 N 028 W 106.2 41.0 MS-DS 1929 196. Yaya 727 N 208 W 51.3 19.8 DSFZ 1930 197. Yenku 524 N 043 W 21.2 8.2 SM 1937 198. Yogaga 6 II N 003 E 0.8 0.3 SM 199. Yongwa 613 N 003 W 7.8 3.0 SO 1957 200. Yoyo 555 N 248 W 235.7 91.0 ME 1932

Several former reserves which were abandoned when they were flooded by the Volta Lake have been omitted from the list. Areas given are total areas enclosed by the reserve boundary; no allowance has been made for permitted farms within the reserve. Some reserves or parts of reserves are now administered by the Department of Game and Wildlife (see Appendix Ib).

lb. National Parks (N.P.), Game Production Reserves (G.P.R.) and Wildlife Sanctuaries (W.S.) within the forest

zone administered by the Department of Game and Wildlife

Wildlife reserve Forest Lat Long. Area Forest. Date of first reserve· (sq. km) type assignation to Dept.

of Game & Wildlife

1. Ankasa G.P.R. 22 515 N 236 W 348.7 WE 1976 2. Bia G.P.R. 53 629 N 306 W 227.9 ME 1974 3. Bia N.P. 53 633 N 305 W 77.7 MSNW 1974 4. Bomfobiri W.S. 61 657 N 110 W 50.0 DSIZ 1976 5. Nini-Suhien N.P. 22 519 N 234 W 174.5 WE 1976 6. Owabi W.S. 644 N 142 W 14.5 MSNW 1971 7. Shai Hills G.P.R. 554 N 004 E 54.4 SO 1971

• The number is that of the forest reserve in Appendix I(a) from which the Wildlife reserve has been formed.

Abbreviations for forest-types in Appendix la and Ib: WE = Wet Evergreen; ME = Moist Evergreen; UE = Upland Evergreen; MS = Moist Semi-deciduous; MSNW = Moist Semi-deciduous North-west subtype; MSSE = Moist Semi-deciduous South-east subtype: DS = Dry Semi-deciduous; DSFZ = Dry Semi-deciduous Fire Zone subtype;

DSIZ = Dry Semi-deciduous Inner Zone subtype; SM = Southern Marginal; SO = South-east Outlier.

APPENDIX 2

Plots sampled in our survey of Ghana forest (Hall & Swaine 1976)

2a. Locations of A-sample plots (see Fig. 2.2)

Plot Latitude Longitude number

Al 60830 N 05550 W A2 60830 N 05550 W A3 55340 N 00340 E A4 63530 N 057 10 W A5 64210 N 11830 W A6 613 50 N 03240 W A7 61440 N 00230 E A8 61410 N 03440W

A9 605 10 N 00320 E AIO 60950 N 00020W All 52400 N 04340 W AI2 53630 N 03450 W AI3 53300 N 03240 W AI4 613 50 N 00410 W

AI5 613 30 N 00300 W AI6 613 20 N 00330 W AI7 60940N 057 10 W

AI8 60840 N 05630 W AI9 45330 N 14830 W A20 54030 N 01600 W A21 63930 N 05050 W

A22 63730 N 21OIOW A23 62410 N 24910 W A24 62230 N 25540 W A25 63010 N 253 10 W A26 62630 N 23320 W A27 63010 N 21250 W A28 63940 N 2 II 50 W A29 55040 N 02450W A30 55020 N 05010 W

Notes

Kade A.R.S.; Botany Department sample plot A (Lawson et 01. 1970 Fig. 3). Kade A.R.S.; sample plot G (Lawson et 01. 1970 Fig. 3). Shai Hills G.P.R., central valley. South Fomangsu F.R.; c. I km from main Kumasi road just E of road to Kade. N side of Bobiri F.R., near nature reserve. Atewa Range F.R. just off bauxite survey road from Sagyimase; 540 mas!. Akosombo, just south of the communications mast on hill. Atewa Range F.R., on summit at 760 m asl, on left-hand branch of Sagyimase survey road. Krobo Mountain, north slope near Akuse road. Volta River F.R.; just north of highest point on road from Odumase to Oterkpolu. Hill summit on W boundary of Yenku F.R. Obotumfo F.R. On steep slope above Asebu. On wooded slope of Osimpo Hill just W of Awutu to Obrachere road. Afram Bukunaw F.R. (dereserved). Just E of Pawmpawm arm of Volta Lake, near canoe landing to Y ongwase. Yongwa F.R. On ridge at 450 mas!. Near NW boundary of Yongwa F.R. Beside logging road from Kade A.R.S. into Aiyaola F.R. about 2 km beyond boundary. Just off path from Kade A.R.S. dam into Aiyaola F.R. Grove N of road just E of Apowa. Sacred grove by main road, c. 2 km SE of Pokoase. Where Akwaseho to Abene road crosses the southern boundary of the Southern Scarp F.R. Tano Of in F.R. On W side of road from Nyinahin to Geological Survey Camp. Krokosua Hills F.R., by road about half way from Asanwinso to Antobia. Extreme SW corner of Krokosua Hills F.R. 8 km W of Krokosua village. Krokosua Hills F.R. on hillside just N of Asempaneye. Just W of road N from Buaku, half way through Muro River F.R. N side of main road where it crosses SW boundary of Asenanyo F.R. Tano Of in F.R. On summit plateau c. 3 km N of Geological Survey Camp. Steep NW slope of Koran Hill above Otoase. Just SW of Manso to Swedru road, along a path going into Esen Epam F.R. near NW boundary.

329

APPENDIX 2 (Cont.)


Plot Latitude Longitude Notes number

A31 62940 N 02940 E Adaklu Mt.; on summit ridge at 570 m asl where path comes up from Kawdiabe village.

A32 63820 N 02750 E About I km along NW boundary of Kabakaba Hills East F.R. SE of point where Ho to Have road cuts it.

A33 63830 N 02840 E Kabakaba Hills East F.R. On very steep slope above Deme village. A34 64340 N o 1550 E On W boundary of Kpandu Range Dayi Block F.R. to E of road 3 km S from

Dzani. A35 70820 N 02040 E Togo Plateau F.R. about 2.5 km NE of Tayi on slope. A36 70850 N 02100 E Togo Plateau F. R. About 5 km NE of Tayi at 450 m asl, on steep slope. A37 70850 N 021 20 E Togo Plateau F.R. About 5 km NE of Tayi at 630 m asl, in slight valley of

summit plateau. A38 7 1850 N 02840 E Odomi River F.R.; steep slope at 480 m asl, near top of ridge. A39 740 N 023 E Kabo River F.R. 6 km NNW of Apesokubi; near reserve boundary. A40 741 N 023 E Kabo River F.R. 8 km NNW of Apesokubi; near reserve boundary. A41 735 N 026 E Kabo River F.R. 2 km E of Apesokubi, on slope. A42 52010 N 045 10 W Grove on S side of main road, 2 km E of Apam junction. A43 5 1900 N 05000 W On N side of Amoawa Hill E of Legu Junction. A44 5 21 10 N 12350 W Beside N boundary of Pra Suhien II F.R. just W of main Cape Coast to Dunkwa

road. A45 5 1440 N 12030 W Grove c. 2 km S of Jukwa on W side of road. A46 50610 N 13010 W Konkondua grove; 1.5 km NE of Kissi. A47 50950 N 126 10 W 2 km W of Eguafo; summit of Dumpow Hil!. A48 50940 N 12010 W About I km NNE of Ankaful Prison to the E of road to Simiw. A49 50330 N 11820 W K wagya grove I km S of Ankaful village. A50 5 16 10 N 10150 W 2 km W of Mankesim on Kurum Hill S of road to Krofu. A51 610 30 N 02140 W Nana Buo Powmu; sacred grove about 2 km SE of Kukurantumi, near main road

from Koforidua. A52 61830 N 02230 W Southern Scarp F.R. 4 km NE of Bosuso, to E of road to Begoro, just below cliff

at 480 mas!. A53 62630 N 02630 W 10 km NW of Begoro, about 1.5 km across boundary of Worobong South F.R. on

road to Enyobiesua; level ground to N of road, at 510 mas!.; A54 63820 N 02450 W Rocky slope just W of Worobong R c. 8 km W of Ampam. A55 63950 N 03410 W Northern Scarp East F.R. on path to Nkyenenkyene about 2 km NNE of Takwa;

plateau near ridge crest at 450 mas!. A56 639 10 N 03440 W About 0.5 km N of Takwa, steep slope near S boundary of Northern Scarp East

F.R. A57 64150 N 04650 W About 5 km NW of Abetifi in Northern Scarp West F.R., on N side of road to

Abene. A58 65020 N 10240 W About 7 km NE of Agogo on road to Ejan, in Bandai Hills F.R. A59 55630 N 00700 W In a sacred grove just N of Mamfe on road to Koforidua. A60 6 1840 N 003 10 E In Talbotiella forest on S slope of Obotumfo Hill, 2 km WNW of Akosombo dam

near road to Akosombo Port. A61 617 50 N 00250 E Sapawsu F.R. In dry valley on W side of road from Akosombo to Port. A62 61920 N 05120 W Level ground at SW corner of Esukawkaw F.R. just inside boundary. A63 621 50 N 10110 W NE corner of Ajenjua Bepo F.R. A64 6 1840 N 10430 W By road from Ntronang to Ofoase where it crosses N boundary of Auro River F.R. A65 6 16 10 N I 10 40 W 8 km N of Amentia, on E side of road through Pra Anum F.R. to Banka. A66 6 1830 N 11500 W Summit ridge of Gyedemoa Hill in NW corner of Pra Anum F.R. A67 6 1820 N 11500 W Gyedemoa Hil!. Just S of A66. A68 633 30 N 10850 W Just inside NE boundary of Dome River F.R. c. 3 km SW of Juaso. A69 54450 N 01410 W Sacred grove just S. of Berekuso. A70 52120 N 11740 W By boundary of Kakum F.R. 2 km WSW of Krua.

330

APPENDIX 2 (Cont.)



A71 52320 N 10920 W On a hilly grove just W of Katakyiasi N of Fante Nyankomase. An 54320 N I 1730 W Ochi Headwaters I F.R. About 2 km N of Asin Foso on W side of road to Praso. A73 6 1240 N 12300 W Fum Headwaters F.R., c. 2 km WNW of Aboabo No. I, on hillside near S

boundary. A74 62520 N I 2500 W Bosumtwi Range F.R. Near Dakabuoso c. 5 km from Kokobin, where road meets

boundary. A75 62900 N I 5340 W N of Manso Nkwanta on SE corner of Jeni River F.R. A76 62940 N I 10 30 W On S boundary of Dome River F.R. c. 7 km SW of Obogu. A77 60940 N 03640 W Atewa Range F.R. On summit ridge about 2 km NW of Apapam; 540 mas!. A78 55040 N 02500 W Foot of Koran Hill just W of A29. A79 54020 N 03300 W Obimpo F.R., c. I km S of Bawjiasi. A80 531 10 N 04150 W About 2 km S of Agona Swedru; sacred grove on E side of road. A81 44620 N 20220 W Cape Three Points F.R. In SE corner of reserve c. 2.5 km NW of Akwida. A82 45140 N 20320 W Cape Three Points F.R. 150 m E from BP43. About 5 km S of Abra. A83 446 10 N I 5830 W Small hill just W of Achowa 2.5 km SW of Dixcove. A84 65750 N 11220 W Bomfoum F.R. 8 km E of Kwamang on road from Kumawu. A85 70650 N I 1750 W Chirimfa F.R. 5 km NNE of Amoamang; E side of road. A86 70940 N 14500 W Opro River F. R. SE corner of reserve; c. 200 m along the boundary to NW of road

c. 3 km from Abofuo. A87 7 19 10 N 14830 W Opro River F.R. About 40 m W of road near N end of reserve, c. 2.5 km S of

Asuasu. A88 70550 N 15150 W Asufu Shelterbelt West F.R. About half way along common boundary between

Asufu F. R. and Kwamisa F.R., c. 2.5. km from Sabronomu.

A89 61520 N 03330 W On summit plateau of Atewa Range F.R., alt. 770 mas!. A90 55100 N 003 10 E Patch of forest on SE side of Mampong Hill, just S of Shai Hills G.P.R. A91 60330 N 01120 E By road from Asutsuare, just below summit of Osudoku Mountain. A92 6 10 30 N 00300 E Y ogaga Mountain. About 100 m up slope from where the road from Kpong Water-

works reaches the forest. A93 65640 N I 5640 W Tinte Bepo F.R. 2 km along timber road off Sunyani road 1.5 km S of Fawumang. A94 72920 N 20950 W Yaya F.R. At Buokujunction on N side of Techiman road. A95 731 10 N I 10 00 W Just inside NE corner of Nsemre F.R. c. 4 km from Buoku. A96 725 10 N 21250 W At E boundary of Tain Tributaries Block I F.R. c. 5 km NW of Chiraa. A97 71OION 2 1230 W Bosumkese F.R. On NE side of hill. A98 70950 N 227 30 W About I km inside E edge of Asukese F.R. c. 5 km W of Atronie. A99 72630 N 23005 W At SW corner of Tain Tributaries Block II F.R. c. 2 km NNW of Suatre

Amanfoso. AlOO 73500 N 23600 W About 15 km N of Berekum, just inside boundary of Tain Tributaries Block II F.R. AIOI 70800 N 255 10 W 3 km S of Mpameso F.R. boundary, Dormaa to Diabakrom road. AlO2 72140 N 25140 W 3 km NNW of S boundary of Pamu-Berekum F.R. on Dormaa to Asunso road. AlO3 65725 N 23930 W Bia-Tano F.R. 6 km W of Bediakukrom. A 104 655 10 N 30200 W Bia Tributaries North F.R. 1.5 km S of reserve boundary on Okirakrom to

Adowkrom road. A 105 65420 N 239 15 W Bia-Tano F.R. 9 km WNW of Mim. AI06 64330 N 221 40 W Desiri F.R. 5 km NE from Sienchem where road meets boundary. A 107 641 40 N 23735 W Bonsam Bepo F.R. 1.5 km inside reserve on road 9 km W of Akrodie. A 108 64250 N 24430 W 22 km E of Akrodie just inside Subin F.R. boundary. A 109 65220 N 202 15 W Tano Of in F.R. 2.5 km E of Domiabra, near BP 27. AIIO 65920 N 12640 W Of in Headwaters F. R. Half way up scarp, just E of the road. Alii 528 10 N 05830 W Grove c. 2.5 km N of Biseasi on E side of road to Asikuma. AI12 54530 N 10330 W About I km inside Bemu River F.R. on road from Amanfopon to Aperade. AII3 55440 N 10740 W Birim F.R. About 9 km on Aduasa to Apoli road. AI14 55650 N I II 10 W About I km inside Pra-Birim F.R. on path from Apoli to Praso.

331

APPENDIX 2 (Con!.)



AI15 550 IO N 100 IO W Grove on rock at Achiasi village. AI16 53840 N 05250 W 3 km N of Odoben just E of road to Brakwa. AI17 50900 N 14430 W S corner of Subri River F.R. c. IO km NW of Dompim. AIl8 5 16 IO N I 3750 W About 5 km NW of Krobo on small hill to the E side of Ateiku road, in Subri

River F.R. AI19 52530 N 138 IO W Grove on outskirts of Mampanso village on Krobo to Ateiku road. AI20 534 IO N 14240 W About 2 km NW of Ateiku station, just inside Ben East F.R. AI21 54530 N 13650 W SE corner of Minta F.R. AI22 54920 N I 50 IO W About 2.5 km N of Atobiase just W of new road through Opon Mansi F. R.; foot

of hill. AI23 60200 N 14730 W Denyau Shelterbelt F. R. About 7 km NNW of Dunkwa on W side of road. AI24 60350 N 20520 W Tonton F.R. About 2 km inside N edge of the reserve near Feiakobo. AI25 54540 N 20120 W Bowiye Range F. R. On new road from Moseaso, just at foot of main hill inside W

reserve boundary. AI26 53430 N 15430 W 4 km SE of Insu Junction on road to Ben West F.R.; steep hillside. AI27 5 1930 N 15130 W About I km inside W boundary of Bonsa River F.R. on road from Aboso. AI28 50950 N 20140 W Neung F. R. Just inside reserve boundary to S. of road from just S of Bonsaso to

Benso; I km from junction. AI29 60850 N 23340 W About 2 km SE of Anokokrom, c. I km inside boundary of Suhuma F.R. Al30 6 18 IO N 22800 W Tano Suhien F.R. About 5 km from Datano near SE boundary road. AI31 6 15 30 N 217 20 W Afao Hills F. R. Hill summit just to N of road to new mine. Al32 61240 N 2 II 30 W Anwhiaso South F. R. On road from Anhwiaso to Dunkwa c. half way through

reserve. Al33 60700 N 21600 W Upper Wasaw F.R. About 3 km S of Humjibre on slope of small hill to W of road.

. Al34 61400 N 24220 W Sui River F.R. About 6 km SW of Shi on S side of highest point of road to Atabuka.

Al35 64100 N 25730 W Bia Tributaries North F.R. About I km inside E boundary of reserve near Kutukrom.

AI36 63020 N 30240 W Near BP 19 on E boundary of Bia G.P.R. AI37 62320 N 25820 W On Gliksten timber road about 7 km W of Abrokwofi about 1.5 km outside E

boundary of Bia G.P.R. AI38 554 IO N 22040 W Totua Shelterbelt F.R. 6 km SSW of Aguna, just inside N boundary just NW of

road. AI39 5 43 15 N 222 IO W Mamiri F.R. Just inside NE boundary to S of Asankrangwa to Bawdia road. AI40 55000 N 232 IO W Tano Anwia F.R. 3 km WSW across river from Moseaso, on hill slope just inside

E boundary. AI41 53010 N 24350 W 5 km S of Boinso along road to Hintimbo, just W of road at foot of slope. AI42 54350 N 25440 W Boin River F.R. On old timber road c. 3 km W of Akunso; flat ground. AI43 555 IO N 25740 W Disue River F.R. On N edge of reserve to W of road from Enchi to Dadiaso. AI44 50440 N 20520 W Neung F. R. About 3 km E of Nkroful junction on Takoradi to Tarkwa road;

beside track through forest. AI45 52430 N 21400 W Fure F.R. About 3 km inside E boundary of reserve to S side of Prestea to

Samreboi road. AI46 527ION 22635 W About 37 km from Prestea on S side of road to Samreboi. AI47 52225 N 22840 W Bronikrom; on W side of old timber road running S from Pres tea to Samreboi

road towards Draw River F.R. AI48 5 1735 N 22540W Kissikrom; c. IO km S of plot 147. AI49 53640 N 23530 W Tano Nimri F.R. 2.5 km NW of Samreboi, on top of small hill just S of road to

Enchi. Al50 5 1320 N 23925 W Ankasa River F.R. Just inside SW boundary 100 m W from old bridge over

Ankasa R. AI5l 5 1640 N 24050 W Ankasa River F.R. Just N of road through reserve c. IO km E of Elubo.

332

APPENDIX 2 (Cont.)


Plot Latitude Longitude Notes

number

AI52 50330 N 2 1800 W Ebi Shelterbelt F. R. Just W of road c. 10 km N of Nkrofro just within SE boundary of reserve.

AI53 459 10 N 2 15 10 W Small hill just S of Nkroful to Bamiankaw road near Salman, c. 8 km from Nkrofu!'

AI54 5 10 00 N 2 13 10 W Draw River F.R. SE corner of reserve where it approaches R. Ancobra; side of hill near BP 37.

AI55 558 10 N 041 30 W Atewa Range Extension F.R. 8 km ENE of Osenasi; on path from Awaham at 480 mas!.

2b. Locations of mapped B-sample plots (see Fig. 2.2)


number

BI 63400 N 04440W Southern Scarp F.R. below Atibie.

B8 50850 N 11840 W Hillside E of Ankaful village.

B9 5 16 10 N 10820 W Otsiabo and Efefipow hills 9 km SSE of Abura Dunkwa.

BIO 52900 N 03220 W Granite hill near Ojobi.

BII 5 1240 N 10820 W Fupow Hill 5 km NNW of Anomabu.

BI2 5 15 40 N 10010 W Grove 2 km E of Ekumfi Swedru on S of main road.

BI3 5 1630 N 05740 W Hill by deep cutting in main road W of Nakwa junction.

BI4 50930 N I 1350 W Sacred grove just S of Amosima.

BI5 50800 N I 1630 W Grove just E of Aburankwanta.

B17 54200 N 01310 W Sacred grove on flat ground W of Ashonman.

BI8 541 30 N 01450 W Sacred grove just N of K wabenya.

BI9 6 16 10 N o 1700 E Forest patch on grassy plain S W of Zondo hil!.

B20 6 17 10 N o 1800 E Summit of Zondo Hil!.

B22 631 10 N 25220 W Krokosua Hills F.R., NE of Asempaneye.

B24 5 1650 N 10240 W Secondary forest at Nkwanta 5 km WNW of Mankesim.

B25 52030 N 10520 W Secondary forest at Opafi 12 km NW of Mankesim.

B26 53020 N 10950 W Roadside thicket I km S of Manso. B27 53740 N 11410 W Abandoned cocoa farm at roadside I km NW of Nsuta.

B28 54950 N I 1900 W Secondary forest just NW of Akonfudi on roadside.

B29 60220 N I 2330 W Numia F.R., near main road.

B30 6 1240 N I 2250 W Fum Headwaters F. R. on roadside below A 73.

B31 6 1520 N 12710 W Steep slope in disturbed forest, Chiremoasi Bepo F.R. B32 6 16 10 N I 2840 W Secondary forest on hillside NE of Brofoyedru.

B33 62740 N 13800 W Old secondary forest at Kumasi-Bekwai-Obuasi road junction.

B34 62650 N 14800W Sacred grove at Antoakrom. B35 63450 N 14730 W Good forest near road I km NE of Eduyaokrom.

B36 63950 N 14240 W Abandoned cocoa farm ENE of Twedie.

B37 62920 N 04140 W Good forest in Nkawanda F.R. S of Wawasi.

B38 60240 N 027 10 W Sacred grove at Neefio village just NW of Suhum.

B39 6 1650 N 03340 W Near summit ridge of Atewa Range F.R.; 720 mas!.

B40 601 00 N 04620 W Old secondary forest by road II km SE of Kade.

B41 54800 N 03000 W Old secondary forest just W of Adeiso.

B42 5 33 30 N 02040 W Rocky slope above small lake SW of Weija.

B43 60930 N 03520 W Just outside Atewa Range F.R.by Takyiman road above Apapam.

B44 54700 N 01130 W Rocky valley W of road from Ayimensa to Peduase.

333

APPENDIX 2 (Cont.)



B45 55120 N 010 30 W Old secondary forest just W of Aburi Gardens. B46 55000 N o 10 30 W Sacred grove on SW outskirts of Aburi. B47 61240 N 03440 W Summit plateau of Atewa Range F.R.; 750 m asl. B48 52920 N 03330 W Granite slope to N of road 7 km W of Obutu towards Winneba. B49 448 10 N I 5700 W Slope near road 2 km N of Dixcove.

B50 451 00 N 15430 W Slope near road just E of Sese Oilmill. B51 50040 N 13940 W Hill just SE of Shama Junction. B52 65620 N 11810 W Secondary forest between Kronwam and Ongwam III forest reserves. B53 65620 N 11820 W Near B52. B54 70450 N 11320 W Fringing forest close to Jadiako in Chirimfa F. R. B55 65220 N 12240 W Secondary forest on roadside between Dadiase and Oyoko. B56 648 10 N 12610 W Secondary forest 3 km SW of Juaben. B57 64550 N 13020 W Secondary forest near road just E of Antoa. B58 64430 N I 3320 W Sacred grove at Kenyasi; good forest. B59 65350 N 14430 W Secondary forest just SW of Ebira.

B60 70530 N 14940 W Flat ground by road from Abofuo to Sabronumu. B61 60330 N I 38 10 W Dampia F.R. by road from Akrofuom to Mensonso. B62 73620 N 207 10 W Sawsaw F.R. by road from Tromiso to Nkunsia. B63 70900 N 21230 W Area in Bosumkese F.R. burnt 16 years earlier. B64 73840 N 23320 W Broken forest in Tain Tributaries Block II F.R. by road from Berekum to Sekwa. B65 721 40 N 240 10 W Old secondary forest by road 1.5 km SW of Amomaso. B66 7 1400 N 25300 W Secondary forest by road at Maso. B67 709 10 N 24500 W By road from Kwamiesua to Tronang. B68 65630 N 25520 W Old secondary forest 13 km W of R. Bia by Bediakukrom to Okirakrom road. B69 65620 N 25040 W Good forest 1.5 km E of R. Bia by Bediakukrom to Okirakrom road. B70 65520 N 23650 W Ebaw Rock: granite outcrop 8 km NW Of Mim. B71 646 10 N 24830 W Subin F. R.; good forest. B72 64450 N 25200 W Cut-over forest 3 km NW of Kojofosukrom. B73 65820 N 21900 W Poor secondary forest 1.5 km ENE of R. Tano by Hwidiem to Tepa road. B74 64010 N 04440W Sacred grove at Abetifi. B75 64200 N 038 OC W Secondary forest around Buruku rock. B76 5 33 10 N 05050 W Secondary forest just E of Bobikuma. B77 52600 N 05820 W Secondary forest 2 km NNW of Ajumako. B78 55750 N 10020 W Abandoned cocoa farm near Oda Secondary School. B79 60250 N 10600W Broken forest by road from Ayirebi to Abenasi. B80 537 10 N 10020 W Old secondary forest by road from Benin to Jamra. B81 50540 N 14340 W Rocky hill just S of R. Nhwini. B82 531 00 N 13940 W Near Adasi, SE of Ateiku. B83 53320 N I 33 10 W Rocky hillside just S of Ntafrewaso. B84 55300 N 1 3240 W By road from Twifu Praso to Dunkwa, 5 km NW Ewisam. B85 556 10 N 14300 W Secondary forest on steep hillside by road from Kyekyewere to Dunkwa. B86 6 1240 N 14520 W Secondary forest just E of Hia. B87 55200 N 20000W Abandoned cocoa farm on hillside 6 km NE of Tapa. B88 54000 N 20700 W S end of Bowiye Range F.R. by Dunkwa to Bogoso road. B89 52850 N 20020 W Poor secondary forest on steep hillside by road from Bogoso to Tarkwa. B90 50150 N 14050 W Grove on hill 2 km NW of Shama Junction. B91 62040 N 21650 W Secondary forest by road from Bibiani to Anwiawso. B92 6 1420 N 21700 W S boundary of Afao Hills F.R. near Awaso. B93 6 1200 N 23700 W 5 km W of Jojokrom on Wiawso to Atabuka road. B94 61710 N 24700 W Steep slope by road from Suiano to Antobia. B95 623 50 N 24920 W Krokosua Hills F.R., by road from Asanwinso to Antobia, near A23. B96 54620 N 23320 W Steep hillside by road 2 km E of R. Tano on Asankragwa to Enchi road.

334

APPENDIX 2 (Cont.)



number

B97 54540 N 24500 W Sacred grove by road from Asankragwa to Enchi. B98 53840 N 24330 W Steep slope just S of K wawu by Enchi to Boinso road. B99 60400 N 301 20 W Good forest 6 km S of Dadiaso by road to Enchi. BIOO 53720 N 2 1230 W Good forest on small hill near road 6 km ESE of Manso Amenfi. BIOI 45400 N I 5800 W Grove I km N of Agona Junction. BI02 45850 N I 5340 W Abandoned cocoa farm by road from Mpoho to Domenase. BI03 50250 N I 5530 W Old secondary forest on small hill 1.5 km NNW of Edum Domenase. BI04 50350 N 20520 W Neung F.R. BI05 52430 N 22020 W Flat ground near main road at Fure Nkwanta. BI06 53640 N 23520 W Good forest on level ground near road side below A149. BlO7 53430 N 23100 W Old secondary forest on small hill by main road at 'Woman-no-good' village. BI08 50630 N 23630 W Good forest c. 2 km from Mpataba by main road to Elubo. BIIO 50240 N 22820 W Near stream in Crops Research Institute, Aiyinasi. Bill 50020 N 22020 W Old secondary forest on small hill 1.5 km SE of Ebowu by Axim road. BI12 5 5740 N o 1300 W Secondary forest near road c. I km NW of Adawso. BII3 6 II 00 N o 13 10 W Steep slope in river gorge of Boti Falls F.R. B1l4 62350 N 00830 W Disturbed forest near stream bed just N of Asesewa. B1l5 631 30 N 01420 W By road through Dede F.R. B1l6 62440 N 02030 W Poor secondary forest by road NE of Begoro; 450 m asl. B1l7 62440 N OlOlOE Poor secondary forest at Asikuma, by main road junction. BI18 62740 N 00930 E Poor secondary forest by roadside SSE of Anum. B1l9 62920 N o 10 50 E Rocky slope on Adansi Hill between Anum and Dzake. BI20 63320 N o 1520 E Secondary forest in valley near road NE of Peki Wudome. BI21 63430 N 04540 W Secondary forest near summit of Mt. Ejuanema; 750 m asl. BI22 64650 N 108 lO W Boundary of Anum Su Southern Section F.R. just N of Amantama. BI23 721 20 N 15410 W Afrensu-Brohuma F. R. BI24 75050 N 231 30 W Forest along small seasonal stream at foot of hills W of Hani. BI25 74940 N 23020 W Poor secondary forest near Chekru R. SW of Hani. BI26 74800 N 22650 W Steep hillside above marsh NW of Degedege. BI27 748 10 N 22620 W Forest on level upland N of Degedege. BI28 5 1000 N 14240 W Subri River F.R., by timber road from Daboase. BI29 527 50 N 04040 W Near stream by road I km N of Abasa. BI30 529 10 N 04100 W Sacred grove on S edge of Asamkrom.

Altitudes given only for plots ~450 m asl, (Appendix 2 (a) and 2 (b)). asl - above sea level.

335

APPENDIX 3

Ordination scores of species found four or more times during our survey

Species ordination values for plot identification

Species name Axis I Axis 6 Species name Axis I Axis 6

Abrus pulchellus* 57 18 Albizia glaberrima 50 35 Acacia kamerunensis 36 44 Albizia zygia 34 43 Acacia pentagona 39 43 Alchornea floribunda 18 100 Acalypha neptunica 71 44 Allanblackia parviflora II 35 Acridocarpus alternifolius 60 49 Allophylus africanus forma chrysothrix 43 46 Acridocarpus macrocalyx* 22 56 Alsodeiopsis staudtii 13 32 Acridocarpus smeathmannii 18 26 Alstonia boonei 30 36 Adenia cissampeloides* 39 26 Amorphophallus johnsonii 46 40 Adenia lobata* 53 47 Amphimas pterocarpoides 24 40 Adenia mannii* 21 44 Anchomanes difformis 62 29

(= A. tenuispira) Ancistrophyllum opacum 18 33 Adenia rumicifolia* 37 25 Androsiphonia adenostegia 7 59

(= A. lobata p.p.) Angylocalyx oligophyllus 18 27 Adiantum vogelii 26 38 Aningeria altissima 38 57 Aeglopsis cbevalieri 54 40 Aningeria robusta 27 38 Aframomun1 chrysanthum 21 63 Anogeissus leiocarpus 64 8 Aframomum geocarpum 39 50 Anopyxis klaineana 14 44 Aframomum stanfieldii 44 47 Anthonotha fragrans 13 51 Afrobrunnichia erecta 25 35 Anthonotha macrophylla 21 37 Afrosersalisia afzelii 15 78 Antiaris toxicaria 39 40 Afzelia africana 56 34 Antidesma laciniatum 25 57 Afzelia bella 20 19 Antidesma membranaceum 60 26 Aganope leucobotrya 16 40 Aphanostylis mannii 21 43 Agelaea sp. aff. duchesnei 4 66 Aporrhiza urophylla 19 22 Agelaea nitida 17 34 Aptandra zenkeri 27 37 Agelaea obliqua 19 51 Argomuellera macrophylla 31 53 Agelaea cf. pilosa 25 37 Artabotrys insignis* 34 41 Agelaea trifolia 3 62 Artabotrys oliganthus 26 35 Aidia genipiflora 32 38 Artabotrys stenopetalus 35 36 Airyantha schweinfurthii 15 7 Artabotrys velutinus 62 48 Alafia barteri 36 48 Arthropteris palisotii 25 35 Alafia multiflora* 35 51 Asparagus warneckei 84 45 Alafia scandens 73 30 Asplenium africanum 18 44 Albertisia cuneata 70 54 Asplenium barteri 18 68 Albertisia scandens 22 42 Asplenium emarginatum 57 55 Albizia adianthifolia 37 39 Asplenium varia bile 19 38 Albizia ferruguinea 45 37 Ataenidia conferta 21 51

336

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)

~pecies ordination values for plot identification


Atroxima liberica II 38 Celtis wightii 51 49 Aubrevillea platycarpa 20 44 Celtis zenkeri 46 51 Aulacocalyx jasminiflora 20 45 Cercestis afzelii 19 39 Baissea breviloba 26 37 Cercestis ivorensis 5 58 Baissea leonensis* 28 42 Cercestis stigmaticus 15 47 Baissea multiflora 24 36 Chaetacme aristata 69 39 Baissea zygodioides 57 40 Chasmanthera dependens* 58 49 Baphia nitida 34 43 Chassalia afzelii * 3 60 Baphia pubescens 29 34 Chassalia corallifera 19 31 Beilschmiedia mannii 12 46 Chassalia kolly 54 40 Bequaertiodendron oblanceolatum 49 59 Chassalia subherbacea 8 52 Berlinia confusa 16 41 Chazaliella sciadephora (form i) 23 56 Berlinia tomentella 16 41 Chazaliella sciadephora (form ii) 10 35 Bersama abyssinica 25 41 Chidlowia sanguinea 22 80 Bertiera breviflora 28 45 Chlamydocarya macrocarpa 24 31 Bertiera racemosa * 14 46 Chlamydocarya thomsoniana 38 51 Blighia sapid a 32 42 Chlorophora excels a 46 18 Blighia unijugata 38 45 Chlorophora regia 46 18 Blighia welwitschii 32 42 Chlorophytum orchidastrum* 22 60 Bolbitis acrostichoides 38 52 Chrysophyllum giganteu'm 32 54 Bolbitis auriculata 23 42 Chrysophyllum perpulchrum 29 49 Bolbitis gemmifera 23 37 Chrysophyllum pruniforme 12 34 Bombax brevicuspe 12 20 Chrysophyllum subnudum 19 44 Bombax buonopozense 39 45 Chrysophyllum welwitschii 37 40 Bowringia mildbraedii 28 49 Chytranthus atroviolaceus* 21 25 Buchholzia coriacea 24 43 Chytranthus carneus 21 34 Bussea octidentalis 25 51 Chytranthus cauliflorus 9 33 Byrsocarpus coccineus 51 33 Chytranthus macrobotrys 29 39 Calamus deerratus 21 37 Chytranthus verecundus 13 27 Callichilia subsessilis 27 47 Cissus aralioides 35 38 Caloncoba echinata 13 37 Cissus petiolata 63 50 Caloncoba giIgiana 56 32 Cissus producta 23 35 Calpocalyx brevibracteatus 15 41 Clausena anisata 53 39 Calycobolus africanus 28 41 Cleidion gabonicum 33 60 Calycobolus heudelotii 52 46 Cleistopholis patens 40 50 Campylostemon angolense 50 41 Clerodendrum capitatum 42 30 Campylostemon mucronatum 31 53 Clerodendrum volubile* 36 36 Canarium schweinfurthii 27 31 Cnestis ferruginea 38 42 Canthium hispidum 48 43 Cnestis longiflora 16 18 Canthium horizontale 57 24 Cnestis racemosa 20 59 Canthium setosum 17 63 Coccinia barteri* 45 32 Canthium venosum 38 16 Coffea afzelii 27 45 Canthium vulgare 58 33 Coffea ebracteolata 41 41 Cap paris erythrocarpos 74 66 Coffea rupestris 39 I Carapa procera 17 36 Coffea spathicalyx* 32 59 Carpolobia lutea 35 36 Coffea togoensis 68 46 Cassipourea congoensis (form i) 78 28 Cola caricifolia 25 36 Cassipourea congoensis (form ii) 26 45 Cola chlamydantha 13 33 Cassipourea hiotou 82 Cola digitata* 6 78 Castanola paradoxa 24 41 Cola gigantea var. glabrescens 28 37 Ceiba pentandra 49 38 Cola heterophylla II 29 Celtis adolfi-friderici 31 49 Cola lateritia var. maclaudii 28 37 Celtis mildbraedii 36 45 Cola millenii 53 44

337

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)



Cola nitida 20 37 Dennettia tripetala 71 38 Cola reticulata 27 69 Desplatsia chrysochlamys 16 29 Cola umbratilis I 79 Desplatsia subericarpa 29 42 Cola verticillata 20 37 Dialium aubrevillei 14 43 Combretum aphanopetalum* 20 19 Dialium dinklagei 23 32 Combretum dolichopetalum* 44 20 Dialium guineense 63 35 Combretum mucronatum 57 40 Diaphananthe pellucida* 36 48 Combretum oyemense 25 36 Dichapetalum albidum 22 37 Combretum paniculatum* 39 29 Dichapetalum angolense 9 40 Combretum platypterum* 27 49 Dichapetalum barteri 61 62 Combretum racemosum* 34 48 Dichapetalum crassifolium 28 42 Commelina capitata* 24 33 Dichapetalum filicaule 19 7 Commelina macrosperma 53 58 Dichapetalum guineense 49 46 Commelinidium gabunense 61 34 Dichapetalum heudelotii Connarus africanus 10 52 (sparsely hairy variety) 13 33 Copaifera salikounda 21 40 (tomentose variety) 9 37 Corymborkis corymbis 28 39 Dichapetalum pallidum 22 37 Corynanthe pachyceras 29 35 Dichapetalum toxicarium 15 27 Costus afer* 33 36 Dicranolepis grandiflora 43 27 Costus engleranus 19 53 Dicranolepis persei 21 49 Coula edulis 5 55 Dictyophleba leonensis 6 50 Craterispermum caudatum 19 44 Dioscorea minutiflora * 40 38 Craterispermum cerinanthum 25 35 Dioscorea praehensilis 44 40 Craterosiphon scandens* 24 40 Dioscorea smilacifolia 31 37 Cremaspora triflora 40 42 Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii 47 32 Croton penduliflorus* 44 50 Diospyros abyssinica 72 48 Crotonogyne manniana 12 39 Diospyros canaliculata 26 36 Crudia gabonensis 18 14 Diospyros chevalieri 5 57 Ctenitis jenseniae II 40 Diospyros cooperi 19 29 Ctenitis lanigera * 20 46 Diospyros ferrea 36 47 Ctenitis pilosissima 18 30 Diospyros gabunensis 17 17 Ctenitis protensa 17 31 Diospyros heudelotii 27 40 Culcasia angolensis 23 39 Diospyros kamerunensis 16 39 Culcasia parviflora 23 39 Diospyros mannii 19 37 Culcasia scandens 19 41 Diospyros mespiliformis 59 44 Culcasia striolata 45 53 Diospyros monbuttensis 45 44 Cussonia bancoensis* 41 52 Diospyros piscatoria 22 22 Cylicodiscus gabunensis 22 26 Diospyros sanza-minika 14 42 Cynometra ananta 4 66 Diospyros soubreana 33 44 Cynometra megalophylla 62 63 Diospyros vignei 12 39 Cyphostemma adenopodum* 67 32 Diospyros viridicans 26 35 Dacryodes klaineana 18 36 Diphasia angolensis 34 49 Dalbergia afzeliana 31 38 Discoclaoxylon hexandrum* 20 54 Dalbergia hostilis 31 38 Distemonanthus benthamianus 25 35 Dalbergia oblongifolia 25 41 Dracaena arborea 55 53 Dalbergia saxatilis* 25 53 Dracaena camerooniana 21 37 Dalbergiella welwitschii 41 47 Dracaena elliotii 19 81 Daniellia 0 gea 17 39 Dracaena f ragrans 39 45 Daniellia th urifera 17 39 Dracaena perrottetii 46 48 Dasylepis brevipedicellata 28 58 Dracaena phrynioides 23 42 Deinbollia grandifolia 22 32 Dracaena scoparia 6 46 Deinbollia pinnata 61 26 Dracaena surculosa 33 43 Delpydora gracilis 3 61 Dregea crinita* 39 28

338

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)


Species name Axis 1 Axis 6 Species name Axis I Axis 6

Drypetes aframensis 34 54 Grewia malacocarpa 21 39 Drypetes aubrevillei 7 73 Griffonia simplicifolia 41 40 Drypetes aylmeri 12 36 Grossera vignei* 25 72 Drypetes chevalieri 27 42 Guaduella macrostachys 4 59 Drypetes floribunda 78 34 Guarea cedrata 23 36 Drypetes gilgiana 35 49 Guarea thompsonii 24 38 Drypetes i vorensis II 36 Guibourtia ehie 25 43 Drypetes leonensis 27 62 Hannoa klaineana 22 33 Drypetes parvifolia 84 39 Heisteria parvifolia 15 28 Drypetes pellegrinii 24 44 Heritiera utilis 7 46 Drypetes principum 24 66 Hexalobus crispiflorus 21 53 Drypetes singroboensis 55 73 Hildegardia barteri 62 42 Ehretia trachyphylla 20 13 Hippocratea africana 48 43 Elaeis guineensis 43 36 Hippocratea clematoides 38 67 Elaeophorbia grandifolia 63 53 Hippocratea dewildemaniana 42 46 Enantia polycarpa 21 38 Hippocratea ectypetala* 49 43 Entandrophragma angolense 27 41 Hippocratea apocynoides (H. guineensis)* 23 36 Entandrophragma candollei 24 49 Hippocratea indica* 38 26 Entandrophragma cylindricum 28 47 Hippocratea macrophylla 23 35 Entandrophragma utile 28 53 Hippocratea pallens* 26 43 Eremospatha macrocarpa 23 38 Hippocratea plumbea 36 46 Eriocoelum pungens* 19 44 Hippocratea rowlandii 48 43 Eriocoelum racemosum 7 45 Hippocratea welwitschii 39 43 Erythrococca africana* 29 43 Holarrhena floribunda 57 44 Erythrococca anomala* 37 34 Holoptelea grandis 50 49 Erythroxylum emarginatum 85 54 Homalium letestui* 24 19 Euadenia eminens 23 41 Homalium stipulaceum 17 21 Euclinia I~ngiflora 24 38 Hugonia planchonii 44 35 Eugenia calophylloides 3 79 Hugonia platysepala 17 47 Eugenia obanensis 50 46 Hugonia rufipilis 19 0 Eulophia guineensis 60 24 Hunteria eburnea 32 41 Farquharia elliptica 28 33 Hunteria ghanensis 32 41 Ficus exasperata 54 43 Hunteria umbellata 32 41 Ficus sagittifolia 47 55 Hymenocoleus hirsutus 10 46 Flabellaria paniculata* 62 24 Hymenocoleus neurodictyon Flagellaria guineensis 37 35 var. neurodictyon 15 47 Friesodielsia enghiana II 71 var. orientalis 18 95 Friesodielsia velutina 16 44 Hymenostegia afzelii 43 56 Funtumia africana 24 32 Hypolytrum poecilolepis 12 35 Funtumia elastica 32 38 Hypselodelphys violacea 39 40 Gaertnera cooperi 79 Icacina mannii 15 29 Garcinia afzelii 65 28 IIIigera pentaphylla 19 46 Garcinia epunctata 2 76 lodes africana * 24 24 Garcinia gnetoides IO 49 lodes liberica 22 35 Garcinia smeathmannii 13 43 Irvingia gabonensis 27 36 Geophila afzelii 13 48 Isolona campanulata 21 30 Geophila obvallata subsp. obvallata 21 42 Isolona cooperi 17 20 Geophila repens 41 48 Isolona deightonii 15 11 Glyphaea brevis 26 37 Ixora laxiflora 19 49 Gongronema latifolium* 19 42 Jasminum pauciflorum 43 54 Greenwayodendron oliveri 50 38 Jaundea pinnata 23 33 Grewia carpinifolia 80 69 Justicia extensa 49 36 Grewia hookerana 16 34 Khaya anthotheca 32 55

339

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)



Khaya grandifoliola 49 50 Markhamia lutea 55 17 Khaya ivorensis 19 27 Massularia acuminata 15 42 Klainedoxa gabonensis 19 35 Memecylon afzelii 42 36 Kolobopetalum leonense 17 24 Memecylon aylmeri 21 30 Landolphia calabarica 41 27 Memecylon blakeoides 0 87 Landolphia duJcis var. barteri 20 42 Memecylon cinnamomoides 56 37 Landolphia hirsuta 42 33 Memecylon guineense 13 59 Landolphia micrantha II 61 Memecylon lateriflorum 10 50 Landolphia owariensis var. owariensis 25 38 Memecylon membranifolium 29 44 Landolphia togolana 64 46 Memecylon normandii 18 53 Lankesteria brevior 15 39 Microdesmis puberula 28 39 Lankesteria elegans 37 52 Microsorium.punctatum 26 40 Lannea nigritana 65 28 Mikaniopsis tedliei 19 24

Lannea welwitschii 37 51 Millettia barteri 25 45 Lasianthus batangensis 5 53 MilJettia chrysophylla 24 52 Lasiodiscus mannii var. chevalieri 56 66 Millettia rhodantha 26 41 Lecaniodiscus cupanioides 52 44 Millettia thonningii 100 70 Leea guineensis * 20 45 Millettia zechiana 30 36 Leptactina densiflora 46 32 Mischogyne elliotiana * 26 49 Leptaspis cochleata 29 43 Momordica cabraei* 34 37 Leptaulus daphnoides 21 46 Momordica multiflora* 45 33 Leptoderris brachyptera 27 41 Monanthotaxis laurentii Leptoderris fasciculata 29 44 (Popowia congensis)* 35 41 Leptonychia pubescens 43 48 Monanthotaxis whytei 17 32 Lomariopsis guineensis 20 36 Monodora myristica 28 35 Lomariopsis rossii II 37 Monodora tenuifolia 31 31 Lonchocarpus cyanescens 50 27 Morinda longiflora 26 47 Lophira alata 6 68 Morinda lucida* 52 35 Lovoa trichilioides 14 48 Morinda morindoides 25 28 Lychnodiscus dananensis 29 52 Morus meso zygia 39 52 Lychnodiscus reticulatus 25 44 Motandra guineensis 41 46 Macaranga heterophylla* 24 33 Myrianthus arboreus 26 31 Macrosphyra longistyla 57 31 Myrianthus libericus 21 29 Maerua duchesnei 62 58 Napoleonaea vogelii Maesobotrya barteri var. sparsiflora 13 33 (large-leaved variety) 53 44 Majidea fosteri 42 55 (small-leaved variety) 22 37 Malacantha alnifolia 63 24 Neostenanthera gabonensis II 36 Mallotus oppositifolius 50 50 Nephthytis afzelii 16 40 Mammea africana 16 39 Nesogordonia papaverifera 38 48 Mangenotia eburnea 51 46 Neuropeltis acuminata 26 41 Manilkara obovata 32 44 Neuropeltis prevosteoides 9 41 Manniophyton fulvum 19 30 Neuropeltis velutina 24 28 Manotes longiflora 16 27 Newbouldia laevis 45 36 Mansonia altissima 45 61 Newtonia duparquetiana 10 99 Mapania baldwinii 8 54 Nichallea soyauxii (Tarenna soyauxii) 18 38 Maranthes aubrevillei 6 49 Ochna staudtii 41 54 Maranthes glabra 16 27 Octoknema borealis* 18 46 Maranthes robusta 28 47 Octolobus spectabilis 46 69 Marantochloa congensis 22 44 Oeceoclades maculata 59 51 Marantochloa cuspidata 42 52 Oeceoclades saundersiana 37 50 Marantochloa leucantha* 28 43 Olax gambecola 32 39 Maranthochloa purpurea* 42 54 Olax subscorpioidea 58 29 Mareya micrantha 24 54 Olyra latifolia 51 40

340

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)


Species name Axis 1 Axis 6 Species name Axis 1 Axis 6

Oncinotis glabrata 26 38 Platysepalum hirsutum 35 45 Oncinotis gracilis* 46 38 Pleiocarpa mutica 20 45 Oncinotis pontyi 31 42 Pneumatopteris afra (Cyclosorus afer)* 23 46

Ongokea gore 33 28 Pollia condensata* 27 53 Oplismenus hirtellus 60 31 Polyspatha paniculata 30 47 Ostryocarpus riparius 23 28 Polysphaeria macrophylla 27 44 Ouratea affinis 26 39 Premna quadrifolia 93 80 Ouratea amplectens 5 56 Pseuderanthem\Jm tunicatum 29 58 Ouratea calophylla 12 64 Psilanthus mannii 48 54 Ouratea duparquetiana 7 43 Psycho tria sp. all calceata 12 40 Ouratea reticulata 10 56 Psychotria calva 62 31 Ouratea sulcata 21 72 Psychotria ivorensis 13 33 Oxyanthus formosus 23 44 Psychotria liberica 16 33 Oxyanthus pallidus 25 50 Psychotria longituba 5 59 Oxyanthus racemosus 78 19 Psychotria mangenotii 16 47

Oxyanthus speciosus 41 38 Psychotria peduncularis 22 50 Oxyanthus unilocularis 39 50 Psychotria schweinfurthii 60 41

Pachypodanthium staudtii 19 28 Psychotria subobliqua 23 42

Pachystela brevi pes 37 59 Pteris acanthoneura 33 39 Palisota barteri 27 54 Pteris atrovirens 33 43

Palisota hirsuta 33 34 Pteris burtonii 17 37 Pancovia bijuga 76 28 Pteris togoensis 32 44 Pancovia sessiliflora 45 52 Pterocarpus mildbraedii* 37 53 Pancovia turbinata 13 50 Pterygota bequaertii 26 54 Panda oleosa 26 43 Pterygota niacrocarpa 41 53 Pararistolochia goldieana 56 31 Ptychopetalum anceps 14 46 Pararistolochia macrocarpa 30 65 Pycnanthus angolensis 24 36 Parinari excelsa 12 44 Pycnocoma com uta 61 22 Parkia bicolor 22 34 Pycnocoma macrophylla 19 47 Parquetina nigrescens* 51 39 Pyrenacantha acuminata 44 43 Paullinia pin nata 53 32 Pyrenacantha cordicula 16 12 Pauridiantha sylvicola 13 62 Pyrenacantha vogeliana 19 20 Pavetta corymbosa* 56 35 Raphia hookeri 23 34 Pavetta genipifolia 58 40 Rauvolfia cumminsii 10 29 Pavetta ixorifolia 19 39 Rauvolfia vomitoria* 32 31 Pellaea doniana 73 22 Rhaphidophora africana 23 43 Penianthus zenkeri 18 30 Rhaphiostylis beninensis 26 36 Pentaclethra macrophylla 24 39 Rhaphiostylis cordifolia II 42 Pentadesma butyracea 6 44 Rhaphiostylis ferruginea 19 38 Petersianthus macrocarpus 22 24 Rhaphiostylis preussii 26 36 Phyllocosmus african us 23 29 Ricinodendron heudelotii 42 42 Phyllocosmus sessiliflorus 9 52 Rinorea brachypetala 25 34 Phymatodes scolopendria* 24 30 Rinorea breviracemosa 19 8 Piper guineense 23 34 Rinorea dentata 25 23

Piptadeniastrum africanum 25 36 Rinorea ilicifolia 30 45 Piptostigma fasciculatum 22 53 Rinorea kibbiensis 54 52 Piptostigma fugax 17 82 Rinorea oblongifolia 22 34 Pisonia aculeata* 35 48 Rinorea prasina 5 63 Placodiscus attenuatus 37 34 Rinorea subintegrifolia 18 22 Placodiscus bancoensis 22 0 Rinorea welwitschii 15 66 Placodiscus oblongifolius 7 38 Ritchiea capparoides· 14 18 Platycerium elephantotis (P. angolense)* 29 53 Ritchiea reflexa 91 7 Platycerium stemaria* 32 43 Rothmannia hispida 29 50

341

APPENDIX 3 (Cont.)



Rothmannia longiflora 38 35 Strephonema pseudocola 8 47 Rothmannia urcelliformis 49 59 Streptogyna crinita 45 36 Rothmannia whitfieldii 26 38 Strombosia glaucescens var. lucida 22 41 Rutidea dupuisii* 14 48 Strophanthus barteri 49 41 Rutidea parviflora* 19 41 Strophanthus gratus 29 35 Rytigynia canthioides* 43 55 Strophanthus hispidus 75 17 Saba thompsonii 46 49 Strophanthus preussii 49 41 Salacia alata var. alata 21 77 Strychnos aculeata 18 16 Salacia camerunensis 26 52 Strychnos afzelii 19 26 Salacia cerasifera 32 38 Strychnos asterantha 18 60 Salacia columna var. akeassii 8 51 Strychnos camptoneura 16 38 Salacia columna var. columna 5 55 Strychnos cuminodora 25 66 Salacia cornifolia 15 10 Strychnos floribunda 26 40 Salacia debilis 13 45 Strychnos icaja 10 66 Salacia elegans 50 43 Strychnos johnsonii 23 17 Salacia erecta 32 34 Strychnos malacoclados 17 47 Salacia sp. aff. gabunensis 25 59 Strychnos nigritana 67 22 Salacia howesii 22 34 Strychnos phaeotricha 17 22 Salacia ituriensis 32 46 Strychnos soubrensis 36 40 Salacia leptoclada 76 29 Strychnos splendens 36 40 Salacia nitida 13 21 Strychnos usambarensis (form i) 76 22 Salacia pallescens 46 55 Strychnos usambarensis (form ii) 21 45 Salacia pyriformis 32 31 Suregada occidentalis Salacia staudtiana var. leonensis 16 36 (Gelonium occidentale)* 34 65 Salacia togoica 70 31 Syzygium guineense subsp. occidentale 9 50 Salacia uregaensis var. aurantiaca 24 36 Tabernaemontana chippii 25 33 Santaloides afzelii* 23 68 Tabernaemontana crassa 15 25 Sarcophrynium brachystachys 29 42 Tabernaemontana glandulosa 23 35 Sarcophrynium prionogonium 16 96 Tabernaemontana pachysiphon 27 56 Scadoxus cinnabarinus 28 47 Talbotiella gentii 87 7 Scadoxus multiflorus subsp. longitubus 57 61 Tarenna bipindensis 24 32 Scaphopetal)lm amoenum 3 63 Tarenna eketensis 12 81 Scottellia klaineana 27 38 Tarenna fusco-flava 18 25 Scytopetalum tieghemii 7 50 Teclea verdoorniana 65 48 Secamone afzelii 62 33 Tectaria angelicifolia* 27 27 Sherbournia bignoniiflora* 44 41 Tectaria fernandensis* 27 69 Sioetiopsis usambarensis 61 66 Terminalia superba 33 40 Smeathmannia pubescens* 25 28 Tetracera potato ria 20 38 Smilax kraussiana* 50 20 Tetrapleura tetraptera 30 55 Solenangis scandens* 16 24 Tetrorchidium didymostemon* 32 37 Sorindeia warneckei 61 35 Thecacoris stenopetala 10 45 Soyauxia grandifolia 4 59 Thonningia sanguinea 38 34 Soyauxia velutina 10 48 Tieghemella heckelii 18 47 Sphenocentrum jollyanum 29 40 Tiliacora dinklagei 22 37 Spiropetalum heterophyllum 17 35 Tiliacora funifera 84 27 Spiropetalum solanderi 8 43 Tragia cf. mildbraediana* 39 56 Spondias mombin 64 10 Tragia spathulata* 57 8 Stachyanthus occidentalis 56 50 Treculia africana* 21 19 Stanfieldiella imperforata* 35 39 Tricalysia discolor* 22 49 Sterculia oblonga 28 40 Tricalysia oligoneura* 24 33 Sterculia rhinopetala 32 43 Tricalysia pallens 31 46 Sterculia tragacantha 48 42 Tricalysia reflexa 37 46 Stereospermum acuminatissimum 44 38 Tricalysia reticulata 17 64

342

APPENDIX 3 (ConL)

Species ordination values for plot identification Species ordination values for plot identification


Trichilia megalantha 49 55 U varia afzelii * 19 43 Trichilia monadelpha 29 39 U varia doeringii 63 35 T richilia prieuriana 36 42 Uvaria mocoli 29 42 Trichilia tessmannii 27 33 Uvaria ovata subsp. ovata 95 20 Trichomanes guineense 4 64 Uvariastrum pierreanum 23 39 Trichomanes liberiense* 23 43 Uvariodendron angustifolium 36 54 Trichoscypha arborea 9 25 Uvariodendron calophyllum 24 38 Trichostachys aurea 9 46 Uvariodendron occidentale 35 68 Tric1isia dictyophylla 25 50 U variopsis globiflora 24 63 Triclisia patens 35 44 Ventilago africana 27 32 Tric1isia subcordata 63 43 Vitex ferruginea 33 43 Trilepisium madagascariense 40 47 Vitex micrantha 33 43 Triplochiton sc1eroxylon 41 45 Vitex rivularis 8 40 Turraea heterophylla 62 55 Xylia evansii 28 52 Turraeanthus africanus 21 37 Xylopia acutiflora 15 30 Tylophora copspicua 59 29 Xylopia quintasii 19 35

Uapaca corbisieri II 54 Xylopia staudtii 12 62

Uapaca guineensis II 54 Xylopia villosa 21 37 Urera keayi (Urera repens)* 37 52 Zanthoxylum gilletii* 22 33 Urera oblongifolia* 27 48 Zanthoxylum leprieurii 54 53 Usteria guineensis* 34 18

Species marked with an asterisk (*) are not mapped. FWT A names of unmapped species not listed in Appendix 5 given in brackets.

343

APPENDIX 4

Worked example of plot identification from ordination scores of species present

Identification of plot B 119 from mean ordination values· of recorded species

Species Species ordination values Species Species ordination values Axis I Axis 6 Axis I Axis 6

Acacia kamerunensis 36 44 Griffonia simplicifolia 41 40 Adenia lobata 53 47 Hildegardia barteri 62 42 Adiantum confine Hugonia planchonii 44 35 Afzelia africana 56 34 Hunteria ghanensis 32 41 Artabotrys velutinus 62 48 Hymenostegia afzelii 43 56 Asparagus warneckei 84 45 Hypselodelphys violacea 39 40 Asplenium africanum 18 44 Maerua duchesnei 62 58 A. buettneri Millettia thonningii 100 70 Baissea zygodioides 57 40 Nesogordonia papaverifera 38 48 Calycobolus heudelotii 52 46 Oeceoclades maculata 59 51 Calyptrochilum emarginatum Pavetta genipifolia 58 40 Cassipourea congoensis (form i) 78 28 Pellaea doniana 73 22 Ceiba pentandra 49 38 Psycho tria albicaulis Ceropegia.yoru bana Rinorea kibbiensis 54 52 Coffea ebracteolata 41 41 Salacia camerunensis 26 52 Cola millenii 53 44 Sansevieria Ii berica Commelinidium gabunense 61 34 Secamone afzelii 62 33 Diospyros abyssinica 72 48 Sterculia tragacantha 48 42 Dracaena arborea 55 53 Strophanthus hispidus 75 17 D. surculosa 33 43 Strychnos usambarensis (form i) 76 22 Drypetes parvifolia 84 39 Trichilia prieuriana 36 42 Elaeophorbia grandifolia 63 53 Triplochiton scleroxylon 41 45 Erythroxylum emarginatum 85 54 Uvaria ovata 95 20 Ficus polita Mean values+ 56.4 42.3

• Species ordination values are listed in Appendix 3 (p. 336). Of + Reference to Fig. 2.3 shows that mean species values of 56.4 the 47 species recorded in BI19, ordination values are available (axis I) and 42.3 (axis 6) place plot B 119 (see Appendix 2 for for 40. location) in the Southern Marginal type.

344

APPENDIX 5

Unmapped Ghanaian forest trees

List of Ghanaian forest trees species for which distribution maps are not included in the present book +

ACANTHA.CEAE Adhatoda robusta e. B. C!.

ANACARDIACEAE Antrocaryon micraster A. Chev. & Guillaum. Pseudospondias microcarpa (A. Rich.) Eng!. Rhus longipes Eng!.' Sorindeia zenkeri Eng!. * Trichoscypha albiflora Eng!. T. atropurpurea Eng!. T. baldwinii Keay T. beguei Aubrev. & Pellegr.' T. cavalliensis Aubrev. & Pellegr. T. chevalieri Aubrev. & Pellegr. T. oba Aubrev. & Pellegr.'

ANNONACEAE Anonidium mannii (Oliv.) Eng!. & Diels Isolona hexaloba (Pierre) Eng!. & Diels' (= I. pleurocarpa

Diels subsp. nigerica Keay) Mischogyne elliotiana (Eng!. & Diels) R.E. Fries var. glabra

Keay (= Uvariastrum elliotianum) Monocyclanthus vignei Keay Monodora brevi pes Benth. Neostenanthera hamata (Benth.) Exell Polyceratocarpus parviflorus (BakJ.) Ghesq., Uvariastrum insculptum (Eng!. & Diels) Sprague Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. Xylopia elliotii Eng!. & Diels'

X. rubescens Oliv.' X. sp. aff. villosa Chipp'

APOCYNACEAE Picralima nitida (Stapf) Th. & H. Dur. Pleiocarpa pycnantha (K. Schum.) Stapf. Rauvolfia vomitoria Afze!. Voacanga africana Stapf

V. thouarsii Roem. & Schult.*

ARALIACEAE Cussonia bancoensis Aubrev. & Pellegr. Polyscias fulva (Hiern) Harms Schefflera barteri (Seem.) Harms'

BALANITACEAE (not ZYGOPHYLLACEAE) Balanites wilsoniana Dawe & Sprague

BIGNONIACEAE Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. ex Eng!. Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.

BORAGINACEAE Cordia millenii Bak. e. platythyrsa Bak. e. senegalensis Juss. C. vignei Hutch. & Dalz. Ehretia cymosa Thonn.

CAESALPINIACEAE Anthonotha vignei (Hoyle) J. Leonard Berlinia occidentalis Keay Crudia senegalensis Planch. ex Benth. Cryptosepalum tetraphyllum (HookJ.) Benth. * Detarium senegalense J.F. Gme!.* Didelotia idae Oldeman De Wit & Leonard' D. unifoliolata J. Leonard' Erythrophleum ivorense A. Chev. E. suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan (= E. guineense) Gilbertiodendron bilineatum (Hutch. & Dalz.) J. Leonard G. limba (Sc. Elliot) J. Leonard G. preussii (Harms) J. Leonard G. splendidum (A. Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalz.) J. Leonard Hymenostegia aubrevillei Pellegr.

345

APPENDIX 5 (Cont.)


H. gracilipes Hutch. & Dalz. Mildbraediodendron excelsum Harms Pellegriniodendron diphyllum J. Leonard Stemonocoleus micranthus Harms* Swartzia fistuloides Harms*

CAPPARACEAE Crate va adansonii De. (= e. religiosa) Euadenia trifoliolata (Schum. & Thonn.) Oliv.

CELASTRACEAE Elaeodendron buchananii (Loes.) Loes.* (= Cas sine bucha

nanii)

May tenus undata (Thunb.) Blakelock (= May tenus undatus)

CHRYSOBALANACEAE (not ROSACEAE) Acioa barteri (Hook.f. ex Oliv.) Engl. A. dinklagei Engl. A. cf. hirsuta A. Chev. ex De Wild.* Chrysobalanus icaco L. subsp. atacorensis (A. Chev.) F. White*

(= C. atacorensis) Licania elaeosperma (Mildbr.) Prance & White (= Afrolicania

elaeosperma) Magnistipula butayei De Wild. subsp. sargosii* (= Hirtella

butayei) M. zenkeri Engl. * (= Hirtella fleuryana).

Maranthes chrysophylla (Oliv.) Prance (= Parinari chrysophylla)

M. kerstingii (Engl.) Prance* (= Parinari kerstingii) Parinari congensis F. Didr.

COMBRETACEAE Pteleopsis hllbeensis Aubrev. ex Keay* P. hylodendron Mildbr.

COMPOSITAE Vernonia amygdalina Del. V. colorata (Willd.) Drake; V. conferta Benth. V. richardiana (0. Ktze.) P.-Sermolli V. titanophylla Brenan*

DICHAPET ALACEAE Tapura fischeri Engl. T. ivorensis Bretel. *

EBENACEAE Diospyros barteri Hiern

ERYTHROXYLACEAE Erythroxylum mannii Oliv.

EUPHORBIACEAE Alchornea cordifolia (Schum. & Thonn.) Muell. Arg.

346

Amanoa bracteosa Planch. * A. strobilacea Muell. Arg. Anthostema aubryanum Baill. Bridelia atroviridis Muell. Arg. B. grandis Pierre ex Hutch. B. micrantha (Hochst.) Baill. Cleistanthus polystachyus Hook.f. ex Planch. Croton aubrevillei J. Leonard* e. penduliflorus Hutch. e. sylvaticus Hochst. ex Krauss* e. zambesicus Muell. Arg. Crotonogyne chevalieri (Beille) Keay Discoclaoxylon hexandrum (Mull. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm. (=

Claoxylon hexandrum) Discoglypremna caloneura (Pax) Prain Drypetes afzelii (Pax) Hutch. Erythrococca africana (Baill.) Prain Euphorbia deightonii Croizat Grossera vignei Hoyle Hymenocardia Iyrata Tul. Keayodendron bridelioides(Mildbr. ex Hutch. & Dalz.) Leandri

(= Casearia bridelioides) Macaranga barteri Muell. Arg. M. heterophylla (Muell. Arg.) Muell. Arg. M. heudelotii Baill. M. hurifolia Beille M. spinosa Muell. Arg.* Mallotus subulatus Muell. Arg. Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) Webster (= Phyllanthus dis-

coideus) Martretia quadricornis Beille* Necepsia afzelii Prain* Phyllanthus profusus N. E. Br. Protomegabaria macrophylla (Pax) Hutch. P. stapfiana (Beille) Hutch. Pseudagrostistachys africana (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K Hoffm.* Sapium aubrevillei Leandri* S. ellipticum (Hochst. ex Krauss) Pax Spondianthus preussii Engl. Suregada occidentalis (Hoyle) Croizat (= Gelonium occidentale) Tetrorchidium didymostemon (Baill.) Pax & Hoffm. Uapaca heudelotii Baill. U. paludosa Aubrev. & Leandri

FLACOURTIACEAE (incl. SAMYDACEAE) Caloncoba glauca (P. Beauv.) Gilg* Casearia barteri Mast. (= e. dinklagei) e. calodendron Gilg* (= C. inaequalis) Dovyalis zenkeri Gilg* (incl. D. afzelii) F1acourtia flavescens Willd. Homalium africanum (HookJ.) Benth. (incl. H. molle) H. dewevrei De Wild. & Th. Our. (= H. angustistipulatum) H. letestui Pellegr. H. longistylum Mast.* (= H. aylmeri)

APPENDIX 5 (Cont.)


Lindackeria dentata (OIiv.) Gilg Oncoba brachyanthera Olivo O. spinosa Forsk. Ophiobotrys zenkeri Gilg

GRAMlNEAE Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex Mende!.

GUTTIFERAE (inc!. HYPERICACEAE) Garcinia kola Heckel Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir. Symphonia globulifera U. Yismia guineensis (L.) Choisy

HUACEAE (not STYRACACEAE) Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr.

HUMIRIACEAE Sacoglottis gabonensis (Bail!.) Urb.

ICACINACEAE Desmostachys vogelii (Miers) Stapf*

LOGANIACEAE Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev. A. liebrechtsiana De Wild. & Th. Dur.* A. microphylla Wernh.* A. nobilis G. Don A. vogelii Planch. Nuxia congesta R. Br. ex Fresen. Strychnos spinosa Lam.

MELASTOMATACEAE Dichaetanthera africana (Hook.f.) Jac.-Fe!.* (= Sakersia afri-

canal Memecylon barteri Hook.f.* M. fasciculare (Planch. ex Benth.) Naud.* M. memecyloides (Benth.) Exell

MELIACEAE Ekebergia senegalensis A. Juss. Trichilia martineaui Aubrev. & Pellegr.* T. ornithothera J. de Wilde* Turraea ghanensis J. B. Hall*

MIMOSACEAE Albizia coriaria Welw. ex Olivo Aubrevillea kerstingii (Harms) Pellegr. * Cathormion altissimum (HookJ.) Hutch. & Dandy Newtonia aubrevillei (Pellegr.) Keay* Samanea dinklagei (Harms) Keay

MORACEAE Dorstenia kameruniana Eng!. (= Craterogyne kameruniana)

Ficus anomani Hutch. F. barteri Sprague F. bubu Warb.* F. camptoneura Mildbr.* F. capensis Thunb. F. congensis Eng!. F. conraui Warb.* F. cf. cyathistipula Warb.* F. elasticoides De Wild.* F. elegans (Miq.j Miq. F. eriobotryoides Kunth & Bouche F. kamerunensis Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret P. leprieurii Miq. F. lingua Warb. * F. lutea Yahl (= F. vogelii) F. lyrata Warb.* F. macrosperma Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret* F. mucuso Welw. ex Ficalho F. natalensis Hochst. F. ottoniifolia (Miq.) Miq. F. ovata Yahl F. polita Yahl F. populifolia Yahl* F. praticola Mildbr. & Hutch.*

F. recurvata De Wild.* (= F. goliath) F. tessellata Warb. * F. thonningii Blume F. umbellata Yahl F. variifolia Warb. F. vogeliana (Miq.) Miq.* Musanga cecropioides F. Br. Treculia africana Decne.

MYRISTICACEAE Coelocaryon oxycarpum Stapf

MYRSINACEAE Maesa lanceolata Forsk.*

MYRTACEAE Eugenia coronata Schum. & Thonn. E. kalbreyeri Eng!. & v. Brehm.* E. leonensis Eng!. & v. Brehm. Syzygium rowlandii Sprague*

OCHNACEAE Ochna afzelii R. Br. ex Olivo * O. membranacea Olivo O. ovata F. Hoffm. Ouratea calantha Gilg* O. congesta (OIiv.) Eng!. ex Gilg O. flava (Schumach.) Hutch. & Dalz. ex Stapf

OLACACEAE Ximenia americana L.

347

APPENDIX 5 (Cont.)


OLEACEAE Chionanthus africanus (Knobl.) Stearn (= Linociera africana) C. mannii (Solereder) Stearn var. congestus (Bak.) Stearn" (=

Linociera congesta) C. mannii (Solereder) Stearn var. mannii" (= Linociera mannii) Schrebera arborea A. Chev.

PALMAE Raphia palma-pinus (Gaertn.) Hutch.

PANDANACEAE Pandanus candelabrum P. Beauv.

PAPILIONACEAE Craibia atlantica Dunn" Dalbergia sp. nr. pachycarpa (De Wild. & Th. Dur.) Uhlr. ex De

Wild. D. setifera Hutch. & Dalz. Erythrina addisoniae Hutch. & Dalz. E. mildbraedii Harms E. vogelii Hook.f. Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) H.B. & K. Millettia griffoniana Baill." (= Lonchocarpus griffonianus) Pterocarpus mildbraedii Harms P. santalinoides L'Her. ex De.

PASSIFLORACEAE Paropsia guineensis Oliv." Smeathmannia pubescens Soland. ex. R. Br.

PTERIDOPHYTA Alsophila manniana (Hook.) Tryon (= Cyathea manniana)

RHAMNACEAE Lasiodiscus fasciculiflorus Engl. Maesopsis eminii Engl. Zizyphus cf. espinosa Buettn."

RHIZOPHORACEAE Anisophyllea meniaudii Aubrev. & Pellegr." Cassipourea afzelii (Oliv.) Alston" C. gummiflua Tul. (= e. glabra)

RUBIACEAE Belonophora hypoglauca (Welw. ex Hiern) A. Chev. Bertiera racemosa (G. Don) K. Schum. Canthium arnoldianum (De Wild. & Th. Dur.) Hepper" Canthium pobeguinii Hutch. & Dalz. e. subcordatum De. Coffea spathicalyx K. Schum. Craterispermum laurinum (Poir.) Benth. Cuviera acutiflora De. C. macroura K. Schum. C. nigrescens (Sc. Elliot ex Oliv.) Wernb. e. subuliflora Benth.

348

Dictyandra arborescens Welw. ex Hook.f. D. involucrata (Hook.f.) Hiern Gaertnera paniculata Benth. Gardenia imperialis K. Schum .. G. nitida Hook. G. vogelii Hook.f. ex Planch. Heinsia crinita (Afzel.) G. Tayl. Morinda lucid a Benth. Nauclea pobeguinii (Pobeguin ex Pellegr.) Petit Pauridiantha hirtella (Benth.) Bremek. Pausinystalia lane-poolei (Hutch.) Hutch. ex Lane-Poole Pavetta corymbosa (DC.) F.N. Williams P. lasioclada (K. Krause) Mildbr. ex Bremek."

P. mollis Afzel. ex Hiern P. mollissima Hutch. & Dalz. P. owariensis P. Beauv. P. sp. aff. mannioides Hutch. & Dalz." Psycho tria gabonica Hiern P. guineensis Petit P. succulenta (Hutch.) Petit" Robynsia glabrata Hutch. Rothmannia megalostigma (Wernh.) Keay

Schumanniophyton problematicum (A. Chev.) Aubrev. Sericanthe chevalieri (K. Krause) Robbrecht var. coffeoides (A.

Chev.) Robbrecht (= Tricalysia chevalieri) S. toupetou (Aubrev. & Pellegr.) Robbrecht* (= Tricalysia

toupetou) Tarenna gracilis (Stapf) Keay T. sp. aff. laurentii (De Wild.) Garcia" T. sp. aff. pavettoides (Garr.) Sim" T. vignei Hutch. & Dalz. Tricalysia biafrana Hiern T. bracteata Hiern T. coriacea (Benth.) Hiern T. discolor Brenan T. elliotii (K. Schum.) Hutch. & Dalz. T. macrophylla K. Schum. T. oligoneura K. Schum.* T. vignei Aubrev. & Pellegr. Vangueriopsis spinosa (Schum. & Thonn.) Hepper

RUTACEAE Afraegle paniculata (Schum. & Thonn.) Engl. Araliopsis soyauxii Engl. (= A. tabouensis) Citropsis articulata (Willd. ex Spreng.) Swingle & Kellerman e. gabunensis (Engl.) Swingle & Kellerman" Oricia suaveolens (Engl.) Verdoorn" Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) R. Letouzey (= Teclea sudanica) Zanthoxylum chevalieri Waterman (= Fagara pubescens) Z. gilletii (De Wild.) Waterman (= F. macrophylla) Z.lemairei (De Wild.) Waterman (= F.lemairei, F. parvifoliola) Z. psammophilum (Ake Assi) Waterman (= F. psammophila)" Z. rubescens Planch. ex Hook.f. (= F. rubescens) Z. viride (A. Chev.) Waterman (= F. viridis)

APPENDIX 5 (Cont.)

List of Ghanaian forest trees species for which distribution maps are not included in the present book+

Z. xanthoxyloides (Lam.) Waterman (= F. xanthoxyloides)

SANT ALACEAE (not OCTOKNEMAT ACEAE) Okoubaka aubrevillei Pellegr. & Normand

SAPINDACEAE Allophylus spicatus (Poir.) Radlk. Chytranthus atroviolaceus Bak.f. ex Hutch. & Dalz. e. cf. ellipticus Hutch. & Dalz. * Deinbollia molliuscula Radlk. * Eriocoelum kerstingii Gilg ex Eng!. * E. pungens Radlk. ex Eng!. Lecaniodiscus punctatus J. B. Hall* Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenhouts (= Aphania sene-

galensis) Placodiscus boya Aubrt:v. & Pellegr. P. bracteosus J. B. Hall* P. pseudostipularis Radlk. Zanha golungensis Hiern

SAPOTACEAE Aubregrinia taiensis (Aubrev. & Pellegr.) Heine Bequaertiodendron magalismontanum (Sond.) Heine & J. H.

Hemsley Breviea leptosperma (Baehni) Heine Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don e. azaguieanum Miege e. beguei Aubrev. & Pellegr. e. delevoyi'De Wild. e. pentagonocarpum Eng!. & Krause Gluema ivorensis Aubrev. & Pellegr. Ituridendron bequaertii De Wild. Neolemonniera c1itandrifolia (A. Chev.) Heine* Omphalocarpum ahia A. Chev. O. elatum Miers O. procerum P. Beauv. Pachystela msolo (Eng!.) Eng!. Synsepalum aubrevillei (Pellegr.) Aubrev. & Pellegr. * S. dulcificum (Schum. & Thonn.) Daniell Vincentella passargei (Engl.) Aubrev.

SCYTOPETALACEAE Rhaptopetalum beguei Mangenot*

SIMAROUBACEAE Brucea guineensis G. Don Nothospondias staudtii Eng!.· (not in Anacardiaceae) Pierreodendron kerstingii (Eng!.) Little

STERCULIACEAE Cola boxiana Brenan & Keay e. digitata Mast. e. flavo-velutina K. Schum. Dombeya buettneri K. Schum.

TILIACEAE Christiana africana DC. Desplatsia dewevrei (De Wild. & Th. Dur.) Burret Duboscia viridiflora (K. Schum.) Mildbr. Grewia mollis Juss. (G. pubescens sensu FWT A)

ULMACEAE Celtis africana Burm.f. Trema oriental is (L.) Blume (= T. guineensis)

VERBENACEAE Premna angolensis GUrke P. hispida Benth. Vitex grandifolia Giirke

VIOLACEAE Allexis cauliflora (Oliv.) Pierre. Decorsella paradoxa A. Chev. (= Gymnorinorea abidjanensis) Rinorea angustifolia (Thou.) Baill. (= R. ardisiiflora) R. convallariiflora M. Brandt

+ Distribution maps are not giv~n for the species on this list either in Chap. 10 or II; these trees are either too rare or restricted to secondary or swamp forest. Names in brackets are used in second edition Flora of West Tropical Africa (FWT A) but are not currently accepted by us.

* Species not recorded for Ghana in the second edition of FWTA.

349

w

Vl

o A

PP

EN

DIX

6

Fam

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rep

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tion

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the

Gh

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in t

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of

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Men

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APPENDIX 7

Classification of Ghanaian timbers

Timber classification used by Department of Forestry, Government of Ghana, 1977

Class & Species Local trade Standard trade subclass name* name*

la Chlorophora spp. Odum Iroko Entandrophragma angolense Edinam Gedu nohor E. cylindricum Sapele Sapele E. utile Utile Utile Khaya anthotheca Anthotheca Anthotheca K. grandifoliola Odupon African mahogany K. ivorensis Mahogany African mahogany Tieghemella heckelii Baku Makore Nauclea diderrichii Kusia Opepe

Ib Pericopsis elata Kokrodua Afrormosia Lovoa trichilioides African walnut African walnut Terminalia ivorensis Emire Jdigbo Triplochiton scleroxylon Wawa Obeche

Ic Heritiera utilis Nyankom Niangon 2a Entandrophragma candollei Candollei Omu

Guarea cedrata Kwabohoro Scented guarea G. thompsonii Kwadwuma Black guarea Lophira alata Kaku Ekki Piptadeniastrum africanum Dahoma Dahoma

2b Antiaris toxicaria Kyenkyen Antiaris Guibourtia ehie Shedua Mansonia altissima Oprono Mansonia Mitragyna ciliata Subaha Abura Nesogordonia papaverifera Danta Danta Turraeanthus africanus Avodire Avodire

3 Afzelia spp. Papao Afzelia Albizia adianthifolia Pampena Albizzia A. ferruginea Awiemfo-samina Albizzia A. zygia Okuro Okuro Anopyxis klaineana Kokoti Kokoti Canarium schweinfurthii Bediwunua Canarium Celtis adolfi-friderici Esabiri Celtis C. mildbraedii Esa Celtis C. zenkeri Esakoko Celtis Cylicodiscus gabunensis Denya Okan

354

APPENDIX 7 (Cont.)

Timber classification used by Department of Forestry, Government of Ghana, 1977

Class & Species Local trade Standard trade

subclass name" name"

Cynometra ananta Ananta Apome Diospyros sanza-minika Kisibiri Kusibiri Distemonanthus benthamianus Bonsamdua Ayan Erythrophleum ivorense Potrodom Missanda Holoptelea grandis Onakwa Mumuli Mammea africana Bompegya African apple Morus mesozygia Wonton Difou Petersianthus macrocarpus Esia Essia Pyonanthus angolensis Otie llomba Scottellia klaineana Koroko Odoko Sterculia rhinopetala Wawabima Sterculia brown Strombosia glaucescens Afina Afina Terminalia superba Of ram Afara

• Names from Fergusson (1970) and Taylor (1960).

355

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Index to scientific names of plants*

Abrus pu1chellus 336 Acacia 7 Acacia kamerunensis 111, 336 A. pennata 111 A. pentagona 111, 336 Acalypha neptunica 111, 336 Acanthaceae 30,54, 78, 217, 221, 265, 345, 350 Acioa barteri 346 A. dinklagei 346 A. cf. hirsuta 346 Acridocarpus alternifolius 111, 336 A. macrocalyx 336 A. smeathmannii 94, 111, 336 Adansonia digitata 48, 57, 87 Adenia 7 A. cissampeloides 336 A. lobata 336 A. mannii 336 A. rumicifolia 336 A. tenuispira 336 Adhatoda robusta 345 Adiantaceae 111, 259, 269, 271 Adiantum vogelii 111, 336 Aeglopsis chevalieri 113, 336 Aeschynomene deightonii 99 Afraegle paniculata 348 Aframomum chrysanthum 113, 336 A. daniellii 113 A. geocarpum 113, 336 A. leptolepis 113 A. stanfieldii 113, 336 Afrobrunnichia erecta 59, 113, 336 Afrolicania elaeosperma 346 Afrormosia elata 261 Afrosersalisia afzelii 113, 336 Afrostyrax lepidophyllus 347 Afzelia africana 3, 39, 78, 79, 86, 115, 336 A. bella 115, 336 Aganope leucobotrya 91,115,336 Agavaceae 185, 187, 350 Agelaea 47

* Italics are used for synonyms and other names wrongly applied to Ghanaian plants. Page numbers in italics for figures; bold face for map notes.

A. dewevrei 115 A. sp. aff. duchesnei 115, 336 A. grisea 115 A. nitida 115,117,336 A. obliqua 115, 336 A. cf. pilosa 117, 336 A. pseudobliqua 115 A. trifolia 91, 117, 336 Aidia genipiflora 117, 336 Airyantha schweinfurthii 94,117,336 Alafia barteri 117, 336 A. lucida 249 A. multiflora 336 A. scandens 117, 336 Albertisia cuneata 119, 336 A. scandens 119, 336 Albizia 7, 62 A. adianthifolia 119, 336 A. coriaria 347 A. ferruginea 119, 336 A. glaberrima 119, 336 A. zygia 61: 96,119,336 Alchornea cordifolia 9, 346 A. floribunda 95, 121, 336 . Allanblackia floribunda 121 A. parviflora 121, 336 Allexis cauliflora 39, 349 Allophylus africanus 121, 336 A. spicatus 349 Alsodeiopsis chippii 36 A. staudtii 121, 336 Alsophila manniana 95, 348 Alstonia boonei 60, 121, 336 Amanoa bracteosa 346 A. strobilacea 346 Amaranthaceae 30, 350 Amaryllidaceae 287, 350 Amorphophallus 55 A. johnsonii 121, 336 Ampe/idaceae 155 Amphimas pterocarpoides 123, 336 Anacardiaceae 30, 221, 289, 291, 309, 345, 350 Aqchomanes difformis 123, 336 A. welwitschii 123 Ancistrocladaceae 350

365

Ancistrophyllum opacum 123, 336 Andropogoneae 3 Androsiphonia adenostegia 123, 336 Angraecum birrimense 95 Angylocalyx oligophyllus 40, 93, 94, 123, 336 Aningeria altissima 123, 336 A. robusta 84, 125, 336 Anisophyllea meniaudii 348 Annonaceae 30,129,157,173,193,199,203,207,215,239,241,

243,253,263,313,315,317,345,350 Anogeissus leiocarpus 51, 78, 125, 336 Anonidium mannii 345 Anopyxis klaineana 125, 336 Anthocleista 60 A. djalonensis 347 A. liebrechtsiana 347

A. microphylla 96, 347 A. nobilis 347 A. vogelii 10, 347 Anthonotha fragrans 125, 336 A. macrophylla 94, 125, 336 A. vignei 345 Anthostema aubryanum 346 A. aJricana 125 A. toxicaria 55, 76, 85, 86, 125, 336 A. welwitschii 125 Antidesma laciniatum 127, 336 A. membranaceum 127, 336 Antrocaryon micraster 345 Aphania senegalensis 349 Aphanostylis leptantha 219 A. mannii 127, 336 Apocynaceae30, 117,121,127, 133,139,179,197,199,209,211,

219,221,241,249,265,273,295,301,345,350 Aporrhiza urophylla 127, 336 Aptandra zenkeri 127, 336 Araceae 47, 121, 123, 147, 149, 167, 169, 243, 275, 350 Araliaceae 345, 350 Araliopsis so)'auxii 348 A. tabouensis 348 Argomuellera macrophylla 75, 127, 336 Aristolochiaceae 257, 350 Artabotrys insignis 336 A. oliganthus 336 A. stenopetalus 129, 336 A. velutinus 85, 129, 336 Arthropteris monocarpa 95 A. palisotii 129, 336 Asclepiadaceae 30, 289, 311, 350 Asparagus warneckei 89, 129, 336 Aspidiaceae 167 Aspilia africana 7 Aspleniaceae 129, 131 Asplenium 54 A. africanum 47, 129, 336 A. barteri 129, 336 A. currori 129 A. dregeanum 95 A. emarginatum 131, 336

366

A. schnellii 40 A. variabile 131, 336 Ataenidia conferta 54, 131, 336 Atroxima liberica 131, 337 Aubregrinia taiensis 349 Aubrevillea kerstingii 78, 347 A. platycarpa 59, 79, 131, 337 Aulacocalyx jasminiflora 131, 337 Auxopus 54

Baissea breviloba 133, 337 B. leonensis 337 B. multiflora 133, 337 B. zygodioides 77, 133, 337 Balanitaceae 345, 350 Balanites wilsoniana 57, 345 Balanophoraceae 305, 350 Balsaminaceae 350 Bambusa vulgaris 347 Baphia nitida 72, 133, 337 B. pubescens 133, 337 Baphiastrum conJusum 117 Begoniaceae 350 Beilschmiedia mannii 133, 337 Belonophora hypoglauca 348 Bequaertiodendron magalismontaum 349 B. oblanceolatum 135, 337 Berlinia confusa 135, 337 B. occidentalis 345 B. tomentella 107, 135, 337 Bersama abyssinica 135, 337 Bertiera breviflora 337 B. racemosa 337, 348 Bignoniaceae 233, 245, 293, 345, 350 Blighia sapida 84, 135, 337 B. unijugata 135, 337 B. welwitschii 94, 135, 337 Bolbitis 54 B. acrostichoides 135, 337 B. auriculata 137, 337 B. gemmifera 55, 137, 337 Bombacaceae 137, 145, 350 Bombax 55 B. brevicuspe 137, 337 B. buonopozense 137, 337 Bonamia vignei 36 Boraginaceae 193, 345, 350 Bosqueia angolensis 311 Bowringia discolor 36 B. mildbraedii 137, 337 Breviea leptosperma 349 Bridelia atroviridis 346 B. grandis 346 B. micrantha 346 Brieya Jasciculata 263 Bromeliaceae 350 Brucea guineensis 349 Buchholzia coriacea 137, 337 Bulbophyllum 30, 55

Burmanniaceae 54, 350 Burmannia 54 B. congesta 91 Burseraceae 141, 169, 350 Bussea occidentalis 58, 139, 337

Buxaceae 350 Byrsocarpus coccineus 139, 337

Cactaceae 350 Caesalpiniaceae 84, ll5, 123, 125, 135, 139, 151, 163, 167, 169,

171, 173, 185, 205, 213, 301, 345, 350 Calamus deerratus 139, 337 Callichilia subsessilis 139, 337 Caloncoba echinata 139, 337 C. gilgiana 139, 337 C. gla uca 346 Calpocalyx brevibracteatus 92, 141, 337 Calycobolus 57 C. african us 72, 141, 337

C. heudelotii 59,141,337 Campylostemon 58 C. angolense 85, 141, 337 C. mucronatum 141, 337 Canarium schweinfurthii 141, 337 Canthium arnoldianum 143, 348 C. hispidum 143, 337 C. horizontale 143, 337 C. pobeguinii 348 C. setosum 143, 337 C. subcordatum 348 C. venosum 143, 337 C. vulgare 78, 143, 337 Capparaceae 137, 195,227,279,346, 350 Capparidaceae 143, 346 Capparis e'rythrocarpos 143, 337 Carapa procera 145, 337 Carex neochevalieri 79 Carica papaya 61, 79 Carpolobia lutea 145, 337 Caryophyllaceae 350 Casearia barteri 346 C. bridelioides 346 C. calodendron 346 C. dinklagei 346 C. inaequalis 346 Cassia siamea 83 Cassine buchananii 346 Cassipourea afzelii 348 C. congoensis 145, 337 C. glabra 348 C. gummiflua 348 C. hiotou 145, 337 Castanola paradoxa 145, 337 Casuarina 68 Cathormion altissimum 347 Cedrela 67,68 Ceiba pentandra 43, 45, 55, 58, 79, 83, 85, 86, 87, 145, 337 Celastraceae 30, 58, 141, 207, 209, 281, 283, 285, 287, 346, 350 Celtis 55, 65

C. adolfi-friderici 147, 337 C. africana 78, 349 C. brownii 147

C. mildbraedii 43, 50, 72, 147, 337

C. phillipensis 147 C. wightii 147, 337 C. zenkeri 73, 77,84, 147,337 Centrosema pubescens 9 Cephaelis mangenotii 267 C. peduncularis 269 Cercestis afzelii 147, 337 C. ivorensis 147, 337 C. stigmaticus 149, 337

Ceropegia gemmifera 107 Chaetacme aristata 149, 337 Chailletiaceae 175 Chasmanthera depend ens 51, 337 Chassalia afzelii 337 C. corallifera 149, 337

C. kolly 149, 337 C. subherbacea 149, 337 ChazalieUa sciadephora 149, 337 Chidlowia sanguinea 95, 151, 337 Chionanthus africanus 348 C. mannii 348 Chlamydocarya macrocarpa 151, 337 C. thomsoniana 75, 151, ~37 Chlorophora 7, 55, 60,65,76,319 C. excelsa 83, 151, 337 C. regia 96, 151, 337 Chlorophytum orchidastrum 337 C. sparsiflorum 55 Christiana africana 349 Chrysobalanaceae 231,233,257,346,351 Chrysobalanus atacorensis 346 C. icaco 346 Chrysophyllum albidum 151, 349 C. azaguieanum 349 C. beguei 349 C. delevoyi 349 C. giganteum 151, 337 C. pentagonocarpum 349 C. perpulchrum 151, 337 C. pruniforme 153, 337 C. subnudum 153, 337 C. welwitschii 153, 337 Chytranthus atroviolaceus 337, 349 C. carneus 153, 337 C. cauliflorus 91, 153, 337 C. cf. ellipticus 349 C. macrobotrys 76, 153, 337 C. verecundus 155, 337 C. villiger 153 C. aralioides 55, 155, 337 C. petiolata 155, 337 C. producta 155, 337 Citro psis articulata 348 C. gabunensis 348 Claoxylon hexandrum 346

367

Clausena anisata 155, 337 Cleidion gabonicum 73, 155, 337 Cleistanthus polystachyus 346 Cleistopholis patens 157, 337 Clerodendrum capitatum 157, 337 C. volubile 337 Cnestis dink/agei 157 C. ferruginea 157, 337 C. longiflora 157, 337 C. racemosa 157, 337 Coccinia barteri 337 C. grandis 40 Coelocaryon oxycarpum 347 Coffea 56 C. afzelii 157, 337 C. canephora 159 C. ebracteolata 159, 337 C. rupestris 159, 337 C. spathicalyx 337, 348 C. togoensis 159, 337 Cola boxiana 161, 349 C. buntingii 37, 39 C. caricaefolia 159 C. caricifolia 159, 337 C. chlamydantha 91, 92, 159, 337 C. digitata 337, 349 C. flavo-velutina 161, 349 C. gigantea 78, 104, 159, 337 C. heterophylla 161, 337 C. lateritia 94, 104, 159, 337 C. millenii 77, 78, 161, 337 C. nitida 63, 75, 76, 161, 338 C. reticulata 107, 161, 338 C. umbratilis 36, 37, 39, 90, 91, 92, 161, 338 C. verticillata 161, 338 Combretaceae 30, 125, 161, 163, 293, 303, 346, 351 Combretodendron africanum 261 C. macrocarpum 261 Combretum 47, 55, 163 C. aphanopetalum 338 C. dolichopetalum 338 C. mucronatum 161, 338 C. oyemense 163, 338 C. paniculatum 338 C. platypterum 338 C. racemosum 338 C. smeathmannii 161 Commelina capitata 338 C. macrosperma 163, 338 Commelinaceae 163, 255, 265, 351 Commelinidium gabunense 163, 338 Commiphora dalzielii 36 Compositae 7,30,237,346,351 Connaraceae 30,56,115,117,139,145,157,163,217,231,291,

351 Connarus african us 163, 338 Convolvulaceae 141, 245, 351 Copaifera salikounda 163, 338 Cordia millenii 345

368

C. platythyrsa 345 C. senegalensis 345 C. vignei 345 Corymborkis corymbis 54, 163, 338 C. corymbosa 163 Corynanthe pachyceras 24, 165, 338 Costus afer 338 C. engleranus 53, 54, 55, 95, 165, 338 Coula edulis 91,165,338 Craibia atlantica 348 Crassocephalum crepidioides 61 Crassulaceae 351 Craterispermum caudatum 165, 338 C. cerinanthum 165, 338 C. laurinum 348 Craterogyne kameruniana 347 Craterosiphon scandens 338 Crateva adansonii 346 C. religiosa 346 Cremaspora triflora 165, 338 Crossandra nilotica 87 Croton aubrevillei 346 C. penduliflorus 338, 346 C. sylvaticus 346 C. zambesicus 346 Crotonogyne chevalieri 346 C. manniana 167, 338 Cruciferae 351 Crudia gabonensis 167, 338 C. senegalensis 345 Cryptosepalum tetraphyllum 345 Ctenitisjenseniae 91,167,338 C. lanigera 338 C. pilosissima 167, 338 C. protensa 167, 338 Cucurbitaceae 29, 30, 351 Culcasia angolensis 72, 167, 338

C. parviflora 169, 338 C. scandens 169, 338 C. striolata 167, 338 Cussonia bancoensis 338, 345 Cuviera acutiflora 348 C. macroura 348 C. nigrescens 348 C. subulifIora 348 Cyathea manniana 95, 348 Cyc/osorus afer 341

Cylicodiscus gabunensis 43, 44, 73, 169, 338 Cynometra ananta 91,169,338 C. megalophylla 85, 169, 338 Cyperaceae 30, 213, 231, 351 Cyphostemma adenopodum 338

Dacryodes klaineana 91, 92,169,338 Dalbergia 59 Dalbergia afzeliana 171, 338 D. hostilis 171, 338 D. oblongifolia 171, 338 D. sp. aff. pachycarpa 348 D. saxatilis 338

D. setifera 36, 348 Dalbergiella welwitschii 171, 338 Daniellia ogea 43, 63, 76, 171, 338 D. thurifera 171, 338 Dasylepis assinensis 171 D. brevipedicellata 171, 338 Davalliaceae 129 Decorsella paradoxa 58, 349 Deinbollia 56 D. grandifolia 171, 338 D. molliuscula 349 D. pinnata 173, 338 Delpydora gracilis 173, 338 Dennettia tripetala 39, 85, 173, 338 Desmostachys vogelii 347 Desplatsia 57 D. chrysochlamys 173, 338 D. dewevrei 349 D. subericarpa 173, 338 Detarium senegalense 78, 345 Dialium aubrevillei 91, 94, 173, 338 D. dinklagei 175, 338 D. guineense 85, 86, 175, 338 Diaphananthe pellucida 338 D. suborbicularis 36 Dichaetanthera africana 347 Dichapetalaceae 30,175,177,346,351 Dichapetalum albidum 177, 338 D. angolense 175, 338 D. barteri 175, 338 D. crassifolium 175, 338 D. cymulosum 175 D. filicaule 175, 338 D. guineense 177, 338 D. heudelptii 177, 338 D. johnstonii 177 D. kumasiense 177 D. madagascariense 177 D. martineaui 177 D. pallidum 177, 338 D. toxicarium 94,175,177,338 D. varians 177 Dicranolepis grandiflora 77, 177, 338 D. persei 177, 338 Dictyandra arborescens 348 D. involucrata 348 Dictyophleba leonensis 179, 338 Didelotia idae 345 D. unifoliolata 39, 345 Dilleniaceae 303, 351 Dioscorea Iiebrechtsiana 179 D. minutiflora 338 D. praehensilis 179, 338 D. smilacifolia 179, 338 Dioscoreaceae 179, 351 Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii 64,179,338 Diospyros 30,37, 108 D. abyssinica 38, 39, 85, 87, 89,179,338 D. barteri 346

D. canaliculata 179, 338 D. chevalieri 38, 91,181,338 D. cinnabarina 39 D. cooperi 38, 181, 338 D. ferrea 181, 338 D. gabunensis 38, 94, 181, 338 D. heudelotii 38, 181, 338 D. kamerunensis 38, 181, 338 D. mannii 38, 183, 338 D. mespiliformis 3, 34, 38, 78, 87, 183, 338 D. monbuttensis 38, 77, 183, 338 D. piscatoria 38, 183, 338 D. sanza-minika 38, 91, 183, 338 D. soubreana 183, 338 D. vignei 38, 39, 185, 338 D. viridicans 185, 338 Diphasia angolensis 185, 338 D. klaineana 185 Discodaoxylon hexandruin 338, 346 Discoglypremna caloneura 346 Dissotis entii 29 Distemonanthus benthamianus 185, 338 Dombeya buettneri 349 Dorstenia kameruniana 347 Dovya/is aJzelii 346 D. zenkeri 346 Dracaena arborea 83, 84, 185, 338 D. camerooniana 185, 338 D. elliotii 187, 338 D. fragrans 187, 338 D. perrottetii 187, 338 D. phrynioides 187, 338 D. scoparia 187, 338 D. smithii 185 D. surculosa 187, 338 Dregea crinita 338 Drynaria laurentii 97 Drypetes 30 D. aframensis 189, 339 D. afzelii 346 D. aubrevillei 189, 339 D. aylmeri 94, 189, 339 D. chevalieri 189, 339 D. floribunda 85, 89, 189, 339 D. gilgiana 189, 339 D. ivorensis 191, 339 D. leonensis 191, 339 D. parvifolia 85, 87,89, 191,339 D. pellegrinii 191, 339 D. principum 191, 339 D. singroboensis 83, 191,339 Duboscia viridiflora 349

Ebenaceae 30, 56, 179, 181, 183, 185, 346, 351 Ehretia cymosa 345 E. trachyphylla 193, 339 Ekebergia senegalensis 347 Elaeis guineensis 77, 78, 79, 80, 193, 339 Elaeodendron buchananii 346

369

Elaeophorbia drupifera 193 E. grandifolia 193, 339 Enantia polycarpa 96, 193, 339 Entada scelerata 7 Entandrophragma 30, 65 E. angolense 193, 339 E. candollei 193, 339 E. cylindricum 195, 339 E. utile 43, 75, 195, 339 Epinetrum cuneatum 119 Epinetrum scandens 119 Eremospatha macrocarpa 195, 339 Eriocoelum kerstingii 349 E. pungens339,349 E. racemosum 195, 339 Erythrina 55 E. addisoniae 348 E. mildbraedii 348 E. vogelii348 Erythrococca africana 339, 346 E. anomala 339 Erythrophleum guineense 345 E. ivorense 345 E. suaveolens 345 Erythroxylaceae 195, 346,351 Erythroxylum emarginatum 89, 195, 339 E. mannii 346 Euadenia eminens 195, 339 E. trifoliolata 346 Eucalyptus 67 Euclinia longiflora 197, 339 Eugenia calophylloides 197, 339 E. coronata 88,347 E. kalbreyeri 347 E. leonensis 347 E. obanensis 197, 339 Eulophia 54 E. guineensis 197, 339 Eulophidium maculatum 247 E. saundersianum 247 Eupatorium odoratum 7 Euphorbia deightonii 346 Euphorbiaceae 30, 56, Ill, 121, 127, 155, 167, 189, 191, 193,229,

231,233,237,271,273,275,305,313,346,351

Fagara lemairei 348 F. leprieurii 317 F. macrophylla 348 F. parvifoliola 348 F. psammophila 348 F. jJUbescens 348 F. rubescens 348 F. viridis 348 F. xanthoxyloides 348 Farquharia elliptica 197, 339 Ficus 30, 47, 57, 60 F. anomani 347 F. barteri 347 F. bubu 347 F. camptoneura 347

370

F. capensis 347 F. congensis 347 F. conraui 347 F. cf. cyathistipula 347 F. elasticoides 347 F. elegans 347 F. eriobotryoides 10, 347 F. exasperata 7, 197, 339 F. goliath 347 F. kamerunensis 347 F. leprieurii 347 F. lingua 347 F. lutea 347 F. Iyrata 347 F. macrosperma 96, 347 F. mucuso 347 F. natalensis 347 F. ottoniifolia 347 F. ovata 347 F. polita 347 F. populifolia 347 F. praticola 347 F. recurvata 347 F. sagittifolia 47, 199, 339 F. tessellata 347 F. thonningii 48, 347 F. umbellata 347 F. variifolia 347 F. vogeliana 347 F. vogelii 347 FlabeUaria paniculata 339 F1acourtia flavescens 346 F1acourtiaceae 139,171,211,289,346,351 Flagellaria guineensis 199, 339 F1agellariaceae 199, 351 Friesodielsia enghiana 199, 339 F. velutina 199, 339 Funtumia africana 7, 11,59,61, 62, 199, 339 F. elastica 63, 199, 339

Gaertnera cooperi 201, 339 G. paniculata 348 Garcinia afzelii 201, 339 G. epunctata 64, 201, 339 G. gnetoides 201, 339 G. kola 64, 347 G. poZl'antha 201 G. smeathmannii 201, 339 Gardenia imperialis 348 G. nitida 348 G. vogelii 348 Gelonium occidentale 342, 346 Gentianaceae 351 Geophila 54, 55 G. afzelii 201, 339 G. hirsuta 211 G. neurodictyon 213 G. obvallata 203, 339 G. repens 203, 339 Gesneriaceae 351

Gilbertiodendron bilineatum 345 G. limba 345 G. preussii 94, 345 G. splendidum 345 GIuema ivorensis 349 Glyphaea brevis 203, 339 Gmelina arborea 67, 95 Gongronema latifolium 339 Gramineae 30,163,205,223,249,295,347,351 Greenwayodendron oliveri 203, 339 Grewia carpinifolia 39, 203, 339 G. hookerana 203, 339 G. malacocarpa 205, 339 G. megalocarpa 36 G. mollis 349 G. pubescens 349 Griffonia simplicifolia 72, 76, 103, 205, 339 Grossera vignei 339, 346 Guaduella macrostachys 91, 205, 339 Guarea cedrata 62, 92, 205, 339 G. thompsonii 205, 339 Guibourtia ehie 65, 75, 205, 339 Guttiferae 121, 201, 229, 261, 347, 351 Gymnorinorea abidjanensis 58, 349 Gymnosiphon longistylus 54, 91

Habenaria 54 H. macrandra 54 Haemanthus cinnabarinus 287 H. longitubus 287 Hannoa klaineana 207, 339 Harungana madagascariensis 7, 56, 61, 347 Heinsia crinita 348 Heisteria parvifolia 56, 91, 207, 339 Heritiera ~tilis 91, 92, 207, 339 Hernandiaceae 213, 351 Hexalobus crispiflorus 24, 207, 339 Hildegardia barteri 55, 56, 59, 84, 85, 86, 207, 339 Hippocratea 57, 58 H. africana 59, 207, 339 H. apocynoides 339 H. clematoides 339 H. dewildemaniana 209, 339 H. ectypetala 339 H. guineensis 339 H. indica 58, 339 H. macrophylla 209, 339 H. mucronata 141 H. pallens 339 H. plumbea 209, 339 H. rowlandii 207, 339 H. welwitschii 209, 339 Hirtella butayei 346 H. fleuryana 346 Holarrhena floribunda 209, 339 Holoptelea grandis 84, 209, 339 Homalium africanum 346 H. angustistipulatum 346 H. aylmeri 346 H. dewevrei 346

H. letestui 94, 339, 346 H. longistylum 346 H. moUe 346 H. neurophyllum 211 H. stipulaceum 2l1, 339 Huaceae 347, 351 Hugonia planchonii 211, 339 H. platysepala 50, 211, 339 H. rufipilis 2l1, 339 Humiriaceae 347,351 Hunteria eburnea 211, 339 H. ghanensis 211, 339 H. umbellata 211, 339 Hura crepitans 58 Hymenocardia Iyrata 346 Hymenocoleus 54 H. hirsutus 211, 339 H. multinervis 95 H. neurodictyon 213, 339 Hymenodictyon floribundum 96 Hymenophyllaceae 309 Hymenostegia afzelii 83-85, 86, 87, 213, 339 H. aubrevillei 345 H. gracilipes 36, 346

Hypericaceae 347 Hypolytrum 54, 56 H. poecilolepis 213, 339 Hypselodelphys poggeaI1a 213 H. violacea 213, 339

Icacina mannii 213, 339 Icacinaceae Ill, 151, 213, 215, 223, 273, 275, 293, 347, 351 IIIigera pentaphylla 76, 213, 339 Impatiens kamerunensis 40 lodes africana 339 I. liberica 215, 339 Irvingia gabonensis 215, 339 Irvingiaceae 215, 219, 351 Isolona campanulata 215, 339 I. cooperi21~ 339 I. deightonii 215, 339 I. hexaloba 345 1. pleurocarpa 345 Ituridendron bequaertii 349 Ixonanthaceae 261, 351 Ixora laxillora 215, 339 1. nimbana 215

lasminum paucillorum 217,339 laundea pinnata 217, 339 lusticia extensa 217, 339

Keayodendron bridelioides 346 Khaya 64,65 K. anthotheca 75, 217, 339 K. grandifoliola 78, 217, 340 K. ivorensis 75, 76, 217,319,340 Kigelia africana 345 Klainedoxa gabonensis 43, 219, 340 Kolobopetalum leonense 219, 340

371

Labiatae 30, 351 Laccodiscus cauliflorus 153 Landolphia calabarica 219, 340 L. dulcis 219, 340 L. hirsuta 219, 340 L. micrantha 219, 340 L. owariensis 63, 221, 340 L. togolana 221, 340 Lankesteria brevior 221, 340 L. elegans 221, 340 Lannea nigritana 79, 221, 340 L. welwitschii 221,340 Lasianthus batangensis 223, 340 L. repens 95 Lasiodiscus fasciculiflorus 348 L. mannii 223, 340 L. mildbraedii 223 Lauraceae 133, 340 Lecaniodiscus cupanioides 76, 77, 85, 223, 340 L. punctatus 84, 349 Lecythidaceae 108,243,261,351 Ledermanniella bowlingii 36 Leea guineensis 340 Leeaceae 351 Leguminosae 58 (see also Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae &

Papilionaceae) Lentibulariaceae 351 Leonotis nepetifolia 107 Lepisanthes senegalensis 349 Leptactina densiflora 223, 340 Leptaspis cochleata 3, 53, 54, 57, 72, 95, 223, 340 Leptaulus daphnoides 223, 340 Leptoderris brachyptera 225, 340 L. fasciculata 103, 225, 340 Leptonychia pubescens 225, 340 Licania elaeosperma 346 Liliaceae 129, 351 Linaceae 211,351 Lindackeria dentata 347 Linociera africana 348 L. congesta 348 L. mannii 348 Loganiaceae 30, 56, 295, 297, 299, 347, 352 Lomariopsidaceae 135, 137,225,340 Lomariopsis guineensis 225, 340 L. rossii 225, 340 Lonchitis currori 95 Lonchocarpus cyanescens 225, 340 L. griffonianus 348 L. sericeus 348 Lophira alata 51, 60, 64, 65, 90, 92,94,95,227,320,340 Loranthaceae 47,352 Lovoa trichilioides 92, 227, 340 Lychnodiscus dananensis 227, 340 L. reticulatus 227, 340

Macaranga 7, 30 M. barteri 346 M. heterophylla 340, 346

372

M. heudelotii 346 M. hurifolia 346 M. spinosa 346 Macrosphyra longistyla 227, 340 Maerua duchesnei 227, 340 Maesa lanceolata 79, 347 Maesobotrya barteri 229, 340 Maesopsis eminii 348 Magnistipula butayei 346 M. zenkeri 346 Majidea fosteri 229, 340 Malacantha alnifolia 229, 340 Mallotus oppositifolius 56, 229, 340 M. subulatus 346 Malpighiaceae 111, 352 Malvaceae 352 Mammea africana 229, 340 Mangenotia eburnea 229, 340 Manilkara mul/inervis 231 M. obovata 84, 231, 340 Manniophyton fulvum 231, 340 Manotes longiflora 231, 340 Mansonia altissima 57, 59, 231, 340 Mapania 54 M. baldwinii 231, 340 Marantaceae 7, 54, 80, 131, 213, 233, 287, 352 Maranthes 108 M. aubrevillei 231, 340 M. chrysophylla 346 M. glabra 94, 233, 340 M. kerstingii 79, 346 M. robusta 233, 340 Marantochloa 54 M. congensis 233, 340 M. cuspidata 78, 233, 340 M. leucantha 7, 340 M. purpurea 340 Mareya micrantha 233, 340 Margaritaria discoidea 61, 62, 346 Mariscus alternifolius 61 Markhamia lutea 233, 340 M. tomentosa 39, 345 Martretia quadricornis 346 Massularia acuminata 235, 340 May tenus undata 87, 346 M. unda/us 346 Medinilla mannii 96 Medusandraceae 291, 352 Melanthera scandens 7, 9 Melastomataceae 30, 235, 237, 347, 352 Meliaceae 56, 108,145,193,195,205,217,227,307,309,311,

347,352 Melianthaceae 135, 352 Memecylon 30 M. afzelii 235, 340 M. aylmeri 235, 340 M. barteri 347 M. blakeoides 235, 340 M. cinnamomoides 235, 340

M. fasciculare 347 M. fleuryi 235 M. guineense 235, 340 M. lateriflorum 237, 340 M. membranifolium 237, 340 M. memecyloides 347 M. normandii 92, 237, 340 Menispermaceae 119, 179,219,259,291,305,309,311,352 Microdesmis puberula 56, 72, 103,237, 340 Microsorium punctatum 47, 49, 237, 340 Mikaniopsis tedliei 237, 340 Mildbraediodendron excelsum 346 Millettia barteri 239, 340 M. chrysophylla 239, 340 M. griffoniana 348 M. lane-poolei 239 M. rhodantha 239, 340 M. thonningii 55, 87, 89, 239, 340 M. zechiana 239, 340 Mimosa pudica 107 Mimosaceae Ill, 119, 131, 141, 169, 245, 257, 259, 261, 305, 347,

352 Mischogyne elliotiana 340, 345 Mitragyna 104, 320 M. ciliata 239, 318 M. stipulosa 239 Molluginaceae 352 Momordica cabraei 340 M. charantia 79 M. multiflora 340 Monanthotaxis laurentii 340 M. whytei 239, 340 Monocyclanthus vignei 36, 37, 93, 107, 345 Monodora brevi pes 345 M. myristica 241, 340 M. tenuifolia 241, 340 Moraceae 125, 151, 197, 199, 241, 243, 289, 311, 347, 352 Morinda longiflora 241,340 M. lucid a 340, 348 M. morindoides 241, 340 Morus mesozygia 241, 340 Mostuea 56 Motandra guineensis 77, 241, 340 Musanga cecropioides 7, 9,11,55,60,61,62,347 Mussaenda chippii 107 Myrianthus arboreus 243, 340 M. libericus 243, 340 Myristicaceae 271,347,352 Myrsinaceae 347, 352 Myrtaceae 197, 301, 352

Napo/eona vogelii 243 Napoleonaea vogelii 29, 243, 340 Nauclea 7, 57 N. diderrichii 60, 61,62,243,318,320 N. pobeguinii 348 Necepsia afzelii 346 Neolemonniera clitandrifolia 349 Neosloetiopsis kamerunensis 289

Neostachyanthus occidentalis 293 Neostenanthera gabonensis 243, 340 N. hamata 345 Nephthytis afzelii 243, 340 N. swainei 36 Nesogordonia papaverifera 72, 84, 85, 96, 243, 340 Neuropeltis acuminata 59, 245, 340 N. prevosteoides 245, 340 N. velutina 245, 340 Newbouldia laevis 83, 245, 340 Newtonia aubrevillei 347 N. duparquetiana 245, 340

Nichallea soyauxii 340 Nuxia congesta.347 N othospondias staudtii 349 Nyctaginaceae 352

Ochna afzelii 347 0. kibbiensis 245 O. membranacea 347 O. ovata 87, 347 O. staudtii 245, 340 Ochnaceae 227, 245, 251, 347, 352 Ochthocosmus africanus 261 0. chippii 261 Octoknema borealis 247, 340 Octoknemataceae 247, 349 Octolobus angustatus 247 O. spectabilis 161, 247, 340 Oeceoclades 54 O. maculata 247, 340 O. saundersiana 247, 340 Okoubaka aubrevillei 349 Olacaceae 127, 165, 207, 247, 249, 271, 295, 347, 352 Olax gambecola 247, 340 O. subscorpioidea 247, 340 Oleaceae 217, 348, 352 Oleandra distenta 97 O. ejurana 36 Olyra latifolia 3, 249, 340 Omphalocarpum ahia 349 O. elatum 349 O. procerum 349 Onagraceae 352 Oncinotis glabrata 249, 341 O. gracilis 341 O. pontyi 249, 341 Oncoba brachyanthera 347 O. spinosa 347 Ongokea gore 249, 341 Ophiobotrys zenkeri 347 Oplismenus hirtellus 249, 341 Orchidaceae 29, 30, 163, 197, 247, 352 Oricia suaveolens 348 Ostryocarpus riparius 249, 341 Ostryoderris leucobotrya 115 Ouratea affinis 251, 341 O. amplectens 251, 341 O. calantha 347

373

O. calophylla 251,341 O. congesta 347 O. duparquetiana 251, 341 O. flava 347 O. myrioneura 251 O. reticulata 251, 341 O. sulcata 251, 341 O. turnerae 251 Oxyanthus 55, 103 O. formosus 56, 253, 341 O. pallid us 56, 253, 341 O. racemosus 253, 341 O. speciosus 253, 341 O. unilocularis 253, 341 Oxymitra velutina 199

Pachypodanthium staudtii 253,341 Pachystela brevi pes 255, 341 P. msolo 349 Palisota barteri 255, 341 P. hirsuta 79, 255, 341 Palmae 123, 139, 193, 195, 273, 348, 352 Pancovia bijuga 255,341 P. pedicel/aris 255 P. sessiliflora 255, 341 P. turbinata 255,341 Panda oleosa 57, 257, 341 Pandaceae 237, 257, 352 Pandanaceae 348, 352

Pandanus candelabrum 348 Panicum laxum 7

P. maximum 7, 83 Papilionaceae 55, 115, 117, 123, 133, 137, 17.1, 225, 239, 249, 261,

263, 348, 352 Pararistolochia 55 P. fios-avis 257 P. goldieana 257, 341 P. macrocarpa 257, 341 Parinari aubrevillei 231 P. chrysophylla 346 P. congensis 346 P. excelsa 94, 95, 257, 341 P. glabra 233 P. kerstingii 346 P. robusta 233 Parkia bicolor 257,341 P. filicoidea 78 Paropsia guineensis 348 Parq uetina nigrescens 341 Paspalum 7 Passifloraceae 123, 348, 352 Paullinia pinnata 257, 341 Pauridiantha hirtella 348 P. sylvicola 259,341 Pausinystalia lane-poolei 348 Pavetta corymbosa 341, 348 P. genipifolia 259, 341 P. ixorifolia 259, 341 P. lasioclada 348

374

P. sp. aff. mannioides 348 P. mollis 348 P. mollissima 348 P. owariensis 348 Pedaliaceae 352 Pellaea doniana 259, 341 Pellegriniodendron diphyllum 346 Penianthus zenkeri 259, 341 Pentaclethra macrophylla 259, 341 Pentadesma butyracea 40,91,92,261, 341 Peperomia fernandopoiana 95 Pericopsis elata 62, 65, 75, 104,261,318,320 Periplocaceae 229, 352 Petersianthus macrocarpus 94, 261, 341 Phyllanthus discoideus 346 P. profusus 346 Phyllocosmus africanus 94, 261, 341 P. sessiliflorus 261, 341 Phymatodes scolopendria 341 Picralima nitida 345 Pierreodendron kerstingii 349 Pinus caribaea 100 Piper guineense 261, 341 Piperaceae 261, 352 Piptadeniastrum africanum 43, 65, 84, 261, 341 Piptostigma fasciculatum 263, 341 P. fugax 95,263,341 Pisonia aculeata 57, 341 Placodiscus attenuatus 263, 341 P. bancoensis 94, 263, 341 P. boya 263,349 P. bracteosus 349 P. leptostachys 263 P. oblongifolius 91, 263, 341 P. pseudostipularis 349 Platycerium angolense 341 P. elephant otis 341 P. stemaria 341 Platysepalum hirsutum 263, 341 Pleiocarpa mutica 265,341 P. pycnantha 345 Plumbaginaceae 352 Pneumatopteris afra 341 Podostemaceae 352 Pollia condensata 341 Polyalthia oliveri 203 Polyceratocarpus parviflorus 345 Polygalaceae 131, 145, 352 Polygonaceae 113, 352 Polypodiaceae 237 Polyscias fulva 345 Polyspatha paniculata 265, 341 Polysphaeria macrophylla 265, 341 Polystachya fractiflexa 91 P. monolenis 91 P. reflexa 51 Popowia congensis 340 P. whytei 239 Portulacaceae 352

Premna angolensis 349

P. hispida 349 P. quadrifolia 89, 265, 341 Preussiella kamerunensis 96 Protomegabaria macrophylla 346

P. stapfiana 346 Pseudagrostistachys africana 346 Pseuderanthemum ludovicianum 265 P. tunicatum 265, 341 Pseudospondias microcarpa 345 Psilanthus mannii 265, 341 Psychotria 108 P. adafoana 267 P. ankasensis 36 P. brachyantha 267 P. sp. aff. calceata 267, 341 P. calva 267, 341 P. gabonica 348 P. guineensis 348 P. huae 267 P. ivorensis 267, 341 P. liberica 267, 341 P. longituba 267, 341 P. malchairei 267 P. mangenotii 267, 341 P. obscura 269 P. peduncularis 269, 341 P. schweinfurthii 269, 341 P. sciadephora 149 P. subobliqua 269, 341

P. succulenta 348 Pteieopsis habeensis 90, 346

P. hylodendron 346 Pteridophyta 348, 350 Pteris 54 P. acanthoneura 269, 341 P. atrovirens 269, 341 P. burtonii 269, 341 P. togoensis 76, 271, 341 P. vittata 40 Pterocarpus mildbraedii 341,348 P. santalinoides 348 Pterygota 57 P. bequaertii 271, 341 P. macrocarpa 59, 84, 271, 341 Ptychopetalum anceps 271, 341 Pycnanthus angolensis 65, 96, 271, 341 Pycnocoma cornuta 271,341 P. macrophylla 271,273,341 Pyrenacantha 47 P. acuminata 273, 341 P. cordicula 273, 341 P. vogeliana 273,341

Ranunculaceae 353 Raphia hookeri 7, /0, 24, 92, 273, 341 R. palma-pinus 348 Rauvolfia cumminsii 273,341 R. vomitoria 7, 61, 62, 341, 345

Rhamnaceae 223, 348, 353 Rhaphidophora africana 275, 341 Rhaphiostylis beninensis 275, 341

R. cordifolia 275, 341 R. ferruginea 275, 341 R. preussii 275, 341 Rhaptopetalum beguei 349 Rhipsalis 57 Rhizophoraceae 125, 145, 348, 353 Rhus longipes 79, 345 Ricinodendron heudelotii II, 60, 79, 275, 341 Rinorea 58 R. angustifolia 349 R. ardisiiflora 349 R. brachypetala 275, 341

R. breviracemosa 94, 277, 341 R. convallariiflora 349 R. dentata 277, 341 R. ellio/ii 279 R. ilicifolia 277, 341 R. kibbiensis 277, 341 R. longicuspis 279 R. oblongifolia 94, 277, 279, 341 R. poggei 275 R. prasina 277, 341 R. subintegrifolia 279, 341 R. welwitschii 95, 279, 341 Ritchiea capparoides 341 R. duchesnei 227 R. reflexa 8.9, 279, 341 Robynsia glabrata 348 Rosaceae 231, 346, 353 Rothmannia hispida 279, 341 R. longiflora f07, 279, 342 R. megalostigma 348 R. urcelliformis 279, 342 R. whitfieldii 281, 342 Rubiaceae 30, 56, 117, 131, 143, 149, 157, 159, 165, 197, 201,

203, 211, 213, 215, 223, 227, 235, 239, 241, 243, 253, 259, 265,267,269,279,303,307,309,348,353

Rubus pinnatus 34, 95 Rutaceae 113,155,185,303,317,348,353 Rutidea dupuisii 342 R. parviflora 342 Rytigynia canthioides 342

Saba florida 281 S. thompsonii 29, 281, 342 Sacoglottis gabonensis 33, 347 Sakersia africana 347 Salacia 30, 47, 58 S. alata 281, 342 S. baumannii 285 S. caillei 285 S. camerunensis 58, 281, 342 S. cerasifera 281, 342 S. columna 281, 342 S. cornifolia 283, 342 S. debilis 283, 342

375

S. elegans 283, 342 S. erecta 281, 283, 285, 342 S. fimbrisepala 285 S. sp. aff. gabunensis 283, 342 S. howesii 283, 342 S. ituriensis 285, 342 S. lehmbachii 287 S. leonensis 287 S. leptoclada 85, 89, 283, 285, 342 S. nitida 285, 342 S. pallescens 285, 342 S. pyriformis 285, 342 S. senegalensis 281 S. staudtiana 285, 342 S. togoica 287, 342 S. tuberculata 281 S. uregaensis 56, 287, 342 Samanea dinklagei 347 Samydaceae 211, 346 Santalaceae 349, 353 Santaloides afzelii 342 Sapindaceae56, 121, 135,153, 155, 171, 173,195,223,227,229,

255, 257, 263, 349, 353 Sapium aubrevillei 346 S. eliipticum 346 Sapotaceae 30, 113, 123, 125, 135, 151, 153, 173, 229, 231, 255,

305, 349, 353 Sarcophrynium 54 S. brachystachys 53, 287, 342 S. prionogonium 95, 287, 342 Scadoxus 54 S. cinnabarinus 55, 287, 342 S. multiflorus 287. 342

Scaphopetalum amoenum 31,55,91,289,342 Schefflera barteri 96, 345 Schrebera arborea 348 Schumanniophyton problematicum 51, 52, 348 Sciaphila africana 91 Sclerosperma mannii 39 Scottellia chevalieri 289 S. coriacea 289 S. klaineana 289, 342 Scrophulariaceae 353 Scytopetalaceae 289, 349, 353 Scytopetalum tieghemii 91, 94, 289, 342 Secamone afzelii 289, 342 Selaginelia 58 S. versicolor 53, 54 Sericanthe chevalieri 348 S. toupetou 348 Setaria 7 S. megaphylla 9 Sherbournia bignoniiflora 342 Shorea 30 Simaroubaceae 207, 349, 353 Sioetiopsis usambarensis 40, 55, 84, 289, 342 Smeathmannia pubescens 342, 348 Smilacaceae 353 Smilax kraussiana 342

376

Solanaceae 30, 353 Solanum 7 S. erianthum 60 S. torvum 61 S. verbascifolium 60 Solenangis scandens 47, 342 Sorindeia warneckei 289, 342 S. zenkeri 79, 345 Soyauxia grandifolia 91,291,342 S. velutina 291, 342 Spathodea campanulata 345 Sphenocentrumjollyanum 83, 291, 342 Spiropetalum heterophyllum 291, 342 S. solanderi 291, 342 Spondianthus preussii 346 Spondias mombin 78, 291, 342 Stachyanthus occidentalis 293, 342 Stanfieldiella imperforata 342 Stemonocoleus micranthus 346 S. oblonga 73, 293, 342 S. rhinopetala 72, 293, 342 S. tragacantha 77, 78, 293, 342 Sterculiaceae 30,159,161,207,225,231,243,247,271,289,293,

311, 349, 353 Stereospermum acuminatissimum 293, 342 Strephonema pseudocola 91, 92, 293, 342 Streptogyna crinita 295, 342 Strombosia glaucescens 51, 62, 91, 92, 94, 95,96,295,342 Strophanthus barteri 295, 342 S. gratus 295, 342 S. hispidus 39, 295, 342 S. preussii 295, 342 Strychnos 47, 108 S. aculeata 295, 342 S. afzelii 297, 342 S. asterantha 297, 342 S. camptoneura 297, 342 S. cuminodora 297, 342 S. floribunda 297, 342 S. icaja 297, 342 S. johnsonii 299, 342 S. malacoclados 299, 342 S. ngouniensis 299 S. nigritana 299, 342 S. phaeotricha 299, 342 S. soubrensis 299, 342 S. spinosa 347 S. splendens 299, 342 S. usambarensis 299, 342 Styracaceae 347 Suregada occidental is 342, 346 Swartzia fistuloides 346 Symphonia globulifera 347 Synsepalum aubrevillei 349 S. dulcificum 64, 349 Syzygium guineense 301, 342 S. rowlandii 347 S. staudtii 301

Tabernaemontana 55 T. chippii 29, 301, 342 T. crassa 301, 342 T. glandulosa 301, 342 T. pachysiphon 95, 301, 342 Talbotiella gentii 32, 36, 37, 84, 85, 90, 301, 342 Tapura fischeri 346 T. ivorensis 346 Tarenna bipindensis 303, 342 T. eketensis 303, 342 T. flavo-fusca 303 T. fusco-flava 303 T. gracilis 348 T. sp. aff. laurentii 348 T. sp. aff. pavettoides 348 T. so yauxii 340 T. vignei 29 Tarrietia utilis 207 Teclea sudanica 348

T. verdoorniana 85, 303, 342 Tectaria angelicifolia 342 T. fernandensis 342 Tectona grandis 81 Terminalia ivorensis 7, 11,60,61,62,67,75,104,303,318,321 T. superba 43, 51, 59, 303, 321,342 Tetracera affinis 303 T. potatoria 303, 342 Tetrapleura tetraptera 305, 342 Tetrorchidium didymostemon 342, 346 Thaumatococcus daniellii 7, 64 Thecacoris stenopetala 305, 342 Theobroma cacao 63 Thonningia sanguinea 54, 305, 342 Thymelaeaceae 177, 353 Tieghemella heckelii 305, 321, 342 Tiliaceae 30, 173, 203, 205, 349, 353 Tiliacora dielsiana 305 T. dinklagei 305, 342 T. funifera 89, 305, 342 T. warneckei 305 Tragia cf. mildbraediana 342 T. spathulata 342 Treculia africana 342, 347 Trema guineensis 349 T. orientalis 7, 55, 56, 60, 61, 62, 349 Tricalysia biafrana 348 T. bract eat a 348 T. chevalieri 348 T. coriacea 348 T. discolor 342, 348 T. elliotii 348 T. macrophylla 348 T. oligoneura 342 T. pallens 307, 342 T. reflexa 307, 342 T. reticulata 307, 342 T. toupetou 348 T. vignei 348 Trichilia heudelotii 307

T. lanata 309

T. martineaui 347 T. megalantha 307, 343 T. monadelpha 307, 343 T. ornithothera 347 T. prieuriana 76, 307, 343 T. tessmannii 84, 309, 343 Trichomanes guineense 40, 91, 309,343 T. liberiense 343 Trichoscypha albiflora 345 T. arborea 309, 343 T. atropurpurea 345 T. baldwinii 345 T. beguei 345 T. cavalliensis 345 T. chevalieri 345 T. oba 345 Trichostachys aurea 309, 343 Triclisia dictyophylla 309, 343 T. gil/etU 309 T. patens 309, 343 T. subcordata 311, 343 Trilepisium madagascariense 77, 84,96,311,343 Triplochiton scleroxylon 56-58, 64, 65, 72, 73,76,77,92,93,311,

343 Tristemma 30 Triuridaceae 353 Turraea ghanensis 36, 347 T. heterophylla 311, 343 Turraeanthus africanus 38, 76, 311, 343 Tylophora c'onspicua 78, 311, 343

Uapaca corbisieri 313, 343 U. esculenta 313 U. guineensis 313, 343 U. heudelotii 346 U. paludosa 346 Ulmaceae 147, 149, 209, 349, 353 U mbelliferae 353 Urera 55 U. keayi 343 U. oblongifolia 343 U. rep ens 343 U rticaceae 30, 353 U steria guineensis 343 Uvaria 58 U. afzelii 343 U. anonoides 313 U. doeringii 313, 343 U. mocoli 313, 343 U. ovata 89, 313, 317, 343 Uvariastrum elliotianum 345 U. insculptum 345 U. pierreanum 313, 343 Uvariodendron angustifolium 313, 343 U. calophyllum 315,343 U. mirabile 315 U. occidentale 315, 343 Uvariopsis congensis 173

377

U. globiflora 36, 37, 95, 315, 343 U. guineensis 37, 315

Vanguireopsis spinosa 348 Ventilago africana 59, 315, 343 Vepris heterophylla 40, 87, 89, 348 Verbenaceae 157, 265, 315, 349, 353 Vernonia amygdalina 346 V. andohii 29 V. colorata 346 V. conferta 346 V. richardiana 346 V. titanophylla 346 Vincentella passargei 349 Violaceae 30, 275, 277, 279, 349, 353 Virectaria tenella 36 Vismia guineensis 347 Vitaceae 30, 155, 353 Vitex 57 V. ferruginea 315,343

V. grandifoIia 349 V. micrantha 315, 343 V. rivularis 315, 343 Voacanga africana 345 V. thouarsii 345 Voyria primuloides 91

378

Ximenia americana 347 Xylia evansii 317, 343 Xylopia acutiflora 317, 343 X. aethiopica 345 X. elliotii 317,345 X. parviflora 317 X. quintasii 317, 343 X. rubescens 345 X. staudtii 317, 343 X. villosa 317,343 X. sp. aff. villosa 345

Zanha golungensis 78, 349 Zanthoxylum 60, 77 Z. chevalieri 348 Z. gilletii 343, 348 Z. lemairei 348 Z. leprieurii 317, 343, 348 Z. psammophilum 348 Z. rubescens 348 Z. viride 348 Z. xanthoxyloides 57 Zingiberaceae 55, 113, 165, 353 Zizyphus cf. espinosa 348 Zygophyllaceae 345, 353

Achiase 87 Accra Plains 29, 87

Adaklu Mt. 23, 81 Afram Plains 21,27,81 Akim 63 Akwamu 63

Akwapim 29" 74, 85 Amoawa Hill 85 Architectural models (see under Life-form systems) Ashanti 63, 74 Ashanti expedition 29

Baker's Law 40

Baoule 27 Bosumtwi Lake 23,40 Bovals 99 Buttresses 43, 45

Cameroun 40 Catenas 24, 25 Charcoal 64, 67, 87 Chewing sticks 64, 20 I Chorological concepts

Centres of specific endemism 32 Congruent species 38 Disjunction 38, 40, 87, 96 Elements 32 Phytochoria 32 Refugia 38, 39 Regions 32 Relicts 39, 99 Subcentres of specific endemism 32 Transition zones 32

Chorological elements Afro-American 33 Endemics 32, 36, 37, 45 Especes sassandriennes 38, 39 Genetical 33 Guinea wides 32, 33, 72, J08 Guineo-Congolian wides 32-34, 72, 108 Montane 34, 40 Near-endemics 33

* Page numbers in italics for figures.

General index *

Neo-endemics 36

Palaeo-endemics 36 Satellites 32, 33 Sub-montane 40, 79, 95 Transgressors, chorological 33, 72 Transgressors, ecological 33 Upper Guinea endemics 32, 33, 72 Vicariants 39 West African 34, 35, 45 Western Guinea 39

Chorological system, White's 32-34, 72, J08 Chorological units (phytochoria)

Congolian subcentre 32, 33 Dahomey Gap (or Interval) 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 45, 90 Domaine camerouno-gabonais 32 Domaine'congolais 32 Domaine libero-ivoireen 32, 34 Domaine peripherique septentrional 34 Guineo-Congolian region 32, 33 Lower Guinea subcentre 32, 33 Region guineenne 32 Region guineo-congolaise 32 Sangha River interval 32, 33 Sudanian region 32, 33 Upper Guinea subcentre 32, 33 Zambezian region 32, 33

Chorology 32 Descriptive 33 Interpretative 33

Climatic factors 19-21 Cloudiness 21 Desiccation 38, 39 Dry months 19 Evapotranspiration 19, 20, 27 Fog 23 Moisture gradients 14,23,31 Photoperiod 56 Rainfall, annual 19, 20, 27 Rainfall, seasonal 19 Rain shadow 23 Temperature 20

Conservation Forest 67 Genetic 70 Wildlife 67, 69, 70

379

Crops 63 Cocoa 7, 63; 67, 68, 74, 92 Coffee 63, 159 Gum copal 63, 171 Kola 63, 75, 161 Oilpalm 79, 193 Palm oil 63, 193 Palm wine 7 Plantain 8 Rubber 63, 199,221

Daboase 67, 95 Deciduousness (see under Leaves) Dispersal

Adhesion 57 Baboons 57 Bats 57, 60 Birds 57, 60 Elephants 57, 70 Explosion 58 Long-distance 38, 40 Monkeys 57 Wind 57, 58,59

Diversity 30-32, 40,87,90 Perturbation 31, 32 Species-area curves 31

Dormancy in seeds 58

Ebaw Rock 87 Ejuanema Mt. 98, 99 Elephants (see also under Dispersal) 70, 74, 75 Endemics (see under Chorological elements) Evergreenness (see under Leaves)

Ferns (see Pteridophytes) Figs 47, 48, 57, 80, 197-199,347 Fire 3, 9, 27, 78, 79, 81 Floral biology (see also Pollination) 55, 106

Heterostyly 56 Polyembryony 40 Self-fertilization 56 Synchronization of flowering 56 Unisexual flowers 40, 56

Floristic composition, continuous variation in 15 Flower types 107 Forest, area of 3 Forest classification 12

Chipp 12 Hall & Swaine 14, 15,16,17, 18,20,27 Mooney 13 St. Clair Thompson 12 Taylor 12, 13, 16 Thompson 12

Forest clearance 4, 8 Forest flora 29-41 Forest Herbarium, Kumasi 29, 104 Forest legislation 68 Forest Reserves 5,67,68,69,318,324-328

Afao Hills 99

380

Ankasa River 93 Asenanyo 67 Atewa Range 22, 23, 46, 49, 53, 60, 61, 96, 97, 99 Bia Tano 67 Bia Tawya 75 Bia Tributaries South 95 Bobiri 67, 73, 75 Bomfoum 34, 81 Bosumkese 75 Bowiye Range 94 Bukit Lagong 31 Dede 52,78 Dome River 22 Ijaiye 34 Krokosua Hills 39, 75, 99 Kwamisa 75,81 Neung31,92 Nsemre 78, 79, 80 Opimbo 81 Opon Mansi 67, 94, 95 Opro River 81 Pamu-Berekum 81 Pra Anum 76 Production reserves 69, 70 Protection reserves 69, 70 Sapawsu 86, 87, 90 Subri River 34, 67, 94, 100 Tain Tributaries I 78 Tano Of in 22, 23, 39, 98, 99 Togo Plateau 81 Usonigbe 31 Yaya 78

Forest-savanna boundary 4, 5, 20, 27, 28, 63, 81, 82, 83, 86 Forest types 71

Antiaris-Chlorophora association 13, 16,76 Celtis-Triplochiton association 13, 16,72,76 Cynometra-Lophira association 12 Cynometra-Tarrietia association 12 Diospyrion abyssinicae 18, 87 Dry Semi-deciduous type 22-24, 36, 43, 60,61,71,76,77

Fire Zone subtype 42,51,52,69,71,77,78,79,80,81 Inner Zone SUbtype 42,69,71,77,81,83,84

Foret dense humide a Parinari excelsa 95 Foret dense seche semi-decidue 78 Khaya-Entandrophragma association 12 Lophira-Entandrophragma association 12 Lophira- Tarrietia-Cynometra association 13, 90 Lovoa-Guarea-Pentadesma association 12 Moist Evergreen type 24, 42, 43, 69, 71, 93, 94, 95, 100 Moist Semi-deciduous type 23, 24, 31,43,60,71, 72, 73, 74

North-west subtype 42,69,71,74,75 South-east subtype 42, 69, 71, 75, 76

Monsoon forest 12 Montane forest 40 Rain forest 12, 13 South-east Outlier type 18,22,23,25,31,37,40,42,43,60,69,

71,86,87,88,89,90 Southern Marginal type 23, 37, 39, 42, 43, 60, 69, 71, 83-85,

86,87

Swamp forest 7, 10, 34 Trans-Bia (or Bia) association 13, 74 Triplochiton-Cistanthera association 12 Triplochiton-Lophira association 13, 93, 95 Triplochiton-Piptadenia association 12 Upland Evergreen type 22, 42, 43, 47, 60,61,69,71,95,96,

97-99 Wet Evergreen type 24, 31,37,42,43,60,69,71,90,91,92,93

Forest types, identification of 16, 344 Forest types, naming of 17, 18 Forestry Department 29, 30 Forestry operations

Combined operations 66 Plantations 67, 95, 100 Pulp Mill 67, 95 Selection system 66, 67 Taungya 81 Tropical Shelterwood system 67

Fruits (see also Dispersal) 56-58, 106 Fruits, fleshy 57 Fuelwood 64,.87

Gabon 38 Geology (see Rocks) Germination 57,58,60,61,62 Ghana Herbarium 104 Goaso 75 Gold-mine slag-heaps 40 Grasses 51,53, 56, 60 Grassland patches (see also Bovals) 39, 68, 81, 92, 93, 98 Gyedemoa Hill 17

Herbivory 49, 58 Monkeys 49 Phenolics 49

Inselbergs 17 Ivory Coast 27, 36, 37, 38, 40, 71, 76, 95

Kade 31, 44, 45, 67, 76 Katamanso 90 Kwahu Tafo 81

Leaves 49, 50,51 Abscission 51 Compound 49 Deciduous 17,51,52, 79 Evergreen 49, 92 Size categories 49, 50, 105

Libya 40 Life forms 72, 105

Annuals 51 Climbers 30, 43, 46, 47, 58, 105 Epiphytes 30, 47, 49, 57, 58, 91, 96, 97, 104, 105 Epiphytes, facultative 47 Geophytes 54 Herbs 51,53,54 Lianes (see Climbers) Parasites 47, 51

Phanerophytes 43, 45, 51 Pygmy trees 43, 105 Root climbers 47 Saprophytes 51, 91

Life form systems Architectural models of Halle et al. 43, 105, 106 Raunkiaer 43

Malawi 38 Malaysia 30,31, 32, 42 Mapping

Distributions 37, 103 LANDSAT imagery, use of 3,4,81,82,86

Maraoue 34

Neolithic 63 Nigeria 31,36-38,40, 76 Nyanao Hill 22 Nyinahin 98

Odoben 84 Orchids 30, 47, 54, 58 Ordination 14, 16, 19

Reciprocal averaging 14 Scores 336-342

Palms 30 Phenology 56 Phytochoria (see Chorological units) Phytosociological concepts

Characteristic species 13, 17,71,72 Dominance 13 Frequency 71, 72 Gregariousness 84, 87 Minimum area 13 Single-dominant forests 32, 84

Phytosociology, schools of Clements-Tansley 12, 13, 17 Ziirich-Montpellier 13, 17

Pinkwae 90 Pollination 55, 56

Bats 55 Bees 55, 56 Flies 55 Flies, Syrphid 56 Hawk-moths 55 Sunbirds 55 Wind 55

Population, human 63 Pteridophytes 47, 49, 51,53, 58, 91, 97

Quaternary era Climatic fluctuations 38, 39 Fossil leaf floras 41 Ocean sediments 40 Pluvial periods 40 Pollen analysis 40, 41

Regeneration 108

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Relief 23 Rivers 23 Rocks 21, 22, 23

Bauxite 22, 23, 98, 99 Birrimian 22,27,87 Buem 22, 77, 86 Continental terminal 22 Dahomeyan 22, 23, 86 Gneiss, acidic 22 Gneiss, basic 22, 90 Granite 15,22, 85,86,87 Iron ore 67, 95 Kalahari sands 39 Precambrian 22 Quartzites 15, 23, 85, 90 Quaternary sands 92, 93 Shales 15,23, 85,90 Tarkwaian 22 Tertiary sediments 86, 92, 93 Togo 22, 23, 77,85,86,87 Voltaian 22,23,27, 77,87

Sacred groves 69, 85 Sakre 34 Samples

A plots 14, 15, 26, 329-333 B plots 14, 15, 333-335 Releves 14, 103

Sapoba 34 Savanna 3, 4, 23, 28, 82, 86

Derived 81 Seeds 57, 58, 59,60,62, 106 Senegal 76 Soil classification 24, 25, 26

Association 24 Great soil group 24 Order 24 Series 24

Soil preferences 108 Soil properties

Acidity 27, 108 Bulk density 98 Cation Exchange Capacity 28 Cation Exchange Complex 24 Clay 25, 108 Leaching 24, 92 Nitrogen 28, 98 Organic carbon 98 Phosphorus 85 Sesquioxides 24 Subsoil 26 Topsoil 26 Total Exchangeable Bases 27, 91, 108

Soil types Climatophytic earths 24 Ferrallitic soils 24, 25, 26, 27 Ferruginous soils 24, 25, 26, 27 Halom'orphic soils 26 Latosols 24

382

Lithochronic earths 24 Lithosols 25, 26 Ochrosols 24, 26 Oxysols 24, 26 Podzols 92, 93 Rubrisols 26 Topohydric earths 24 Tropical black earths 26 Vertisols 25, 26

Spiegel Relaskop 14, 42 Stone Age 63 Successional stages 60, 61, 62

Building phase II Chablis II Forb regrowth 7, 9 Gaps 7, 60 Mature phase II Primary forest II, 34, 60 Secondary forest 7, 9, 11, 34 Vegetation mosaic 6, 93

Successional taxa Primary families 30, 350-353 Primary species II, 60 Secondary families 30, 350-353 Secondary species 7, II, 60, 78 Weeds 30

Sweeteners 64

Thicket 85 Coastal 16, 83

Timber 64,65,66,68,92, 108,318-321,355,356 Mahogany 64, 65 Odum 65 Pine 67,100 Teak 67,81

Timber companies African Timber & plywood, Samreboi 95 Gliksten, Wiawso 75 Mim 75

Tree parameters Basal area 42 Crown form 43, 44 Density of stocking 42,71, 72, 318-321 Height 42, 43

Vegetative reproduction 55 Basal sprouting 43,87,88 Layering 55, 91 Root suckers 55 Stolons 55

Vernacular names 105 Volta Lake 17, 21, 23,68,82,83 Volta Region 5,68,79,81,82,83,318 Voltaian Basin 23, 27

Wildlife, Department of Game & 69 Wildlife reserves 5, 69, 328

Ankasa G.P.R. 93 Bia G.P.R. 74,95

Bia N.P. 39, 70, 74, 75,87 Bui N.P. 87,90 Game Production Reserves 69 Game Reserves 69 National Parks 69 Nini-Suhien N.P. 70, 93 Shai Hills G.P.R. 40, 48, 57, 69, 87, 88, 89, 90

Wildlife Sanctuaries 69 Wisconsin 37 Woodland 3

Yilo Krobo 81

Zaire 39

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APPENDIX 1 - Springer978-94-009-8650-3/1.pdfBoti Falls 70. Bowiye Range 71. Brimso 72. Bura River...

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