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APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: ADOPTION RESOLUTIONS

Fresno County A.1

Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan

Note to Reviewers: When this plan has been reviewed and approved pending adoption by FEMA

Region IX, the adoption resolutions will be signed by the participating jurisdictions and added to

this appendix. A model resolution is provided below:

Resolution # ______

Adopting the Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2018

Whereas, (Name of Government/District/Organization seeking FEMA approval of hazard

mitigation plan) recognizes the threat that natural hazards pose to people and property within our

community; and

Whereas, undertaking hazard mitigation actions will reduce the potential for harm to people and

property from future hazard occurrences; and

Whereas, an adopted Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan is required as a condition of future funding for

mitigation projects under multiple FEMA pre- and post-disaster mitigation grant programs; and

Whereas, (Name of Government/District/Organization) fully participated in the FEMA-prescribed

mitigation planning process to prepare this multi-hazard mitigation plan; and

Whereas, the California Office of Emergency Services and Federal Emergency Management

Agency, Region IX officials have reviewed the Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan ( ) and

approved it ( ) contingent upon this official adoption of the participating governing body;

Now, therefore, be it resolved, that the (Name of Government/District/Organization) adopts the

Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan as an official plan; and

Be it resolved that the (Name of Government/District/Organization) adopts the Fresno County

Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan by reference into the safety element of their general plan in

accordance with the requirements of AB 2140, and

Be it further resolved, (Name of Government/District/Organization) will submit this adoption

resolution to the California Office of Emergency Services and FEMA Region IX officials to enable

the plan’s final approval in accordance with the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000

and to establish conformance with the requirements of AB 2140.

Passed:

(date)

Certifying Official

APPENDIX B: LHMP CONTACT LIST

Fresno County B.1


Agency/Jurisdiction Title Name Participating Jurisdiction Stakeholder

County Departments X

CAO Office CAO Jean Rousseau X

Public Health X

Director David Pomaville X

OES Manager Kenneth Austin X

Analyst Angel Lopez X

Senior Analyst Darrell Schmidt X

Assistant OES Steven Crump X

OES Gabiel De La Cerda X

Analyst Adan Ortiz X

EH Manager Wayne Fox X

Public Works X

Director Steve White X

Assistant Director Bernard Jimenez X

Assistant Director John Thompson X

Development Services Manager William Kettler X

Chief Building Inspector Chuck Jonas X

Public Works Division Engineer Robert Palacios X

Public Works Division Engineer Randy Ishii X

Road Superintendent Armando Mendoza X

Road Superintendent John Coffman X

Engineer D'Andra Buchanon X

Supervising Engineer Dale Siemer X

Buisness Manager Lemuel Asprec X

Sr Engineer Seabastion Artal X

County Surveyor Kevin Nering X

Supervising Inspector Dan Mather X

Agriculture

Ag Commisioner Les Wright X Internal Services Department

Director Robert Bash X

Division Manager Jill Barr X

Analyst Ahla Yang X

Sheriffs Department

Sheriff Margaret Mimms X

Sheriff's Captain John Zanoni X

Sheriff's Lieutenant Kathy Curtice X

Public Information


Fresno County B.2



Public Information Officer Jordan Scott Fresno County Fire Protection Fire Chief Mark Johnson X

District Sup Ronald Bass X

Assistant Chief Jim McDougal X

Battalion Chief Chris Christopherson X

Cities

City of Fresno City Manager Wilma Quan-Schecter X

EPO Dan Vasquez X

Fresno Fire Fire Chief Kerri Donis X

City of Clovis City Manager Luke Serpa X

Life Safety Manager Chad Fitzgerald X

Clovis Fire Fire Chief John Binaski X

City of Coalinga City Manager Marissa Trejo X

Fire Chief Dwayne Gabriel X

Public Works Director Pete Preciado X

Coalinga Fire Fire Chief Dwayne Gabriel X

Coalinga Fire Fire Chief Rick Schacher X

Coalinga Fire Fire Chief Cam Donnahoo X

City of Firebaugh City Manager Ben Gallegos X

Police Chief Salvador Raygoza X

Firebaugh Fire Fire Chief John G. Borboa X

City of Fowler City Manager Jeannie Davis, MMC X

Fire Chief Manuel Lopez X

Fowler Fire Fire Chief Manuel Lopez X

City of Huron City Manager Jack Castro X

Police Chief George Turegano X

City of Kerman City Manager John Kunkel X

Police Chief Joseph Blohm X

City of Kingsburg City Manager Alexander J. Henderson X

Captain Wayne Osburn X

Kingsburg Fire Fire Chief Tim Ray X

Wayne Osburne X

Fire Chief X

Fire Chief LaDonna Crane X

City of Mendota City Manager Vince DiMaggio X

City of Orange Cove City Manager Samuel A. Escobar X

City of Parlier City Manager Vacant X


Fresno County B.3



Police Chief Rick Ehle X

City of Reedley City Manager Nicole R. Zieba X

Fire Chief Jerald Issak X

City Engineer John Robertson X

Reedley Fire Fire Chief Jerald Isaak X

City of San Joaquin City Manager Elizabeth Nunez X

City of Sanger City Manager Tim Chapa X

Fire Chief Greg Tarascou X

Sanger Fire Fire Chief Greg Tarascou X

City of Selma City Manager David Elias X

Police Chief Myron Dyck X

Selma Administrative Analyst Frankie Olivares III X

Selma Fire Fire Chief Mike Kain X Additional Fire Protection Agencies

Hume Lake Fire Fire Chief Thomas Warner X

Laton Fire Fire Chief Andrew Barkley X

Bald Mountain Captain Matt Furrer X

Pine Ridge Fire Fire Chief Gary Martin X

Orange Cove Fire Fire Chief Ralph Michaels X

Oak to Timberline Fire Safe Council Forester Craig Jones X Oak to Timberline Fire Safe Council

Chair, CWPP Development Committee John Huneke X

Highway 168 Fire Safe Council Pat Gallegos X Highway 168 Fire Safe Council President Howard Hendrix X

Community Service District Big Creek Community Service District Kristi Loman X

Biola Community Service District Edith M. Forsstrom X

Caruthers Community Service District Marie Mains X

Del Rey Community Service District Hilda Ortiz X

Easton Community Service District Luke Hoekstera X

Laton Community Service District JoAnne Rempp X

Sierra Cedars Community Service District Todd Bristol X

Conservation District Kings River Conservation District Steven Stadler X


Fresno County B.4



Kings River Conservation District Dave Merritt X

Panoche Drainage District Julie Cascia X

Silver Creek Drainage District Jeff Bryant X

Bald Mountain Fire Protection District Don Ashbrook X

Orange Cove Fire Protection District X

Flood Control District Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District X

Senior Analyst Andrew Remus X

Operation Engineer Brent Sunamoto X

Irrigation District

Alta Irrigation District Irma Faria X

Alta Irrigation District Interim Superintendent Stan Saski X

Central California Irrigation District Chris White X

Consolidated Irrigation District Margaret Macias X

Consolidated Irrigation District Phillip Desatoff X

Fresno Irrigation District September Singh X

Fresno Irrigation District Chief Engineer Lawrence Kimura X

Fresno Irrigation District Engineer Sen Saetern X

James Irrigation District Steve Stadler X

Laguna Irrigation District X

Orange Cove Irrigation District John Sanders X

Riverdale Irrigation District Kim Mayfield X

Tranquility Irrigation District Elizabeth Reeves X

Levee District Lower San Joaquin Levee District Reggie Hill X

Mosquito Abatement District Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District Steve Mulligan X

Fresno Mosquito and Vector Control District Julia Laciste X

Public Utility

Pinedale Public Utility District

Jim Tsuruoka, General Manager X

Riverdale Public Utility District Ronald Bass X

Tranquility Public Utility District Laurie Siliznoff X


Fresno County B.5



Reclamation District

Reclamation District #1606 Steven Stadler X

Zalda Reclamation #801 District Ray Carlson X

Resource Conservation District

Excelsior & Kings River RCD Bill Longfellow X

Kings River Conservation District Resource Analyst Soua Lee X

Director of Resources Rick Hoelze X Firebaugh Resource Conservation District Jeff Bryant X

James Resource Conservation District Steven Stadler X

Los Banos Resource Conservation District

Jennifer Gerstenberg X

Panoche Resource Conservation District Julie Cascia X

San Luis Resource Conservation District Michael Cannon X

Sierra Resource Conservation District X Sierra Resource Conservation District District Manager Steve Haze X Sierra Resource Conservation District CWPP Project Manager Craig Jones X Tranquility Resource Conservation District Danny Wade X

Westside Resource Conservation District X

Water Districts

Broadview Water District Bobbie Ormonde X

Firebaugh Canal Water District Madison Medeiros X

Fresno Slough Water Danny Wade X

International Water District X

Kings River Water District Richard Cosgrave X

Liberty Water District Kevin Johansen X

Mercy Springs Water District Julie Cascia X

Mid Valley Water District Randy Hopkins X

Oro Loma Water District Steve Sloan X

Pacheco Water District Julie Cascia X

Panoche Water District Julie Cascia X

Pleasant Valley Water District Donna Wilt X

Raisin City Water District X

San Luis Water District X

Stinson Water District herb Simmons X


Fresno County B.6



Tri-Valley Water District Richard Cosgrave X

Westlands Water District Bobbie Ormonde X

Westlands Water District Deputy General Manager Jose Guterrez X

Westlands Water District Resources Engineer Israel Sanchez X

Waterworks District No. 18 Dan Pearce X

Pinedale County Water District Jim Tsuruoka X

Freewater County Water District Debbie Moglia X

Malaga County Water District Laurie Cortez X

Malaga County Water District Env Compliance Thomas Siphonsay X

Malaga County Water District Jim Anderson X

Malaga County Water District Supervisor Jesse Alvarez X

Other Districts and Agencies San Joaquin River Exchange Contractors Water Authority Larry Freeman X

San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District X

San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District Roger McCoy X

State of California Public Health Drinking Water Division Carl Carlucci X

California Department of Transportation Sharri Bender Ehlert X

California Department of Transportation Chief Enviromental Shane Gunn X

California Department of Transportation North Region Manager Dan Ryan X

California Water Resource Department Iris Yamagata X

California Water Resource Department Paul Romero X

California Water Resource Department Kevin Faulkenberry X

Table Mtn Rancheria Frank Marquez Jr X

USFS Sierra National Forest

Sunshuri Littlebuck-Naylor X

USFS Sierra National Forest Carolyn Ballard X

USFS Sierra National Forest Fire Chief John Goss X

Army Corp of Engineers Thomas Jehrke X

Army Corp of Engineers Mike Erskine X

Bureau of Reclamation X

Bureau of Reclamation X

Bureau of Reclamation Sup Civil Engineer Gil Reyes X

USGS X

CAL-OES ESC Terri Mojarado X


Fresno County B.7



Amec Foster Wheeler (consultant) Project Manager Jeff Brislawn

Env. Scientist Leslie Purvis

Mintier Harnish (subconsultant) Larry Mintier

Bob Lagomarsino

Robert Olson

APPENDIX C: MITIGATION STRATEGY

Fresno County C.1 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan

Categories of Mitigation Measures Considered

PREVENTION: Preventive measures are designed to keep the problem from occurring or getting

worse. Their objective is to ensure that future development is not exposed to damage and does not

increase damage to other properties.

• Planning

• Zoning

• Open Space Preservation

• Land Development Regulations

Subdivision regulations

floodplain development regulations

• Storm Water Management

• Fuels Management, Fire-Breaks

• Building Codes

Fire-Wise Construction

• (See Property Protection also)

EMERGENCY SERVICES measures protect people during and after a disaster. A good

emergency services program addresses all hazards. Measures include:

• Warning (floods, tornadoes, ice storms, hail storms, dam failures)

NOAA Weather Radio

Sirens

Reverse 911

• Evacuation & Sheltering

• Communications

• Emergency Planning

Activating the emergency operations room (emergency management)

Closing streets or bridges (police or public works)

Shutting off power to threatened areas (utility company)

Holding children at school/releasing children from school (school district)

Passing out sand and sandbags (public works)

Ordering an evacuation (mayor)

Opening evacuation shelters (Red Cross)

Monitoring water levels (engineering)

Security and other protection measures (police)

• Monitoring of Conditions (dams)


• Critical Facilities Protection (Buildings or locations vital to the response and recovery effort,

such as police/fire stations, hospitals, sewage treatment plants/lift stations, power substations)

Buildings or locations that, if damaged, would create secondary disasters, such as

hazardous materials facilities and nursing homes

Lifeline Utilities Protection

Health & Safety Maintenance

PROPERTY PROTECTION: Property protection measures are used to modify buildings subject

to damage rather than to keep the hazard away. A community may find these to be inexpensive

measures because often they are implemented by or cost-shared with property owners. Many of

the measures do not affect the appearance or use of a building, which makes them particularly

appropriate for historical sites and landmarks.

• Retrofitting/disaster proofing

Floods

▪ Wet/Dry floodproofing (barriers, shields, backflow valves)

▪ Relocation

▪ Acquisition

Tornadoes

▪ Safe Rooms

▪ Securing roofs and foundations with fasteners and tie-downs

▪ Strengthening garage doors and other large openings

Drought

▪ Improve water supply (transport/storage/conservation)

▪ Remove moisture competitive plants (Tamarisk/Salt Cedar)

▪ Water Restrictions/Water Saver Sprinklers/Appliances

▪ Grazing on CRP lands (no overgrazing-see Noxious Weeds)

▪ Create incentives to consolidate/connect water services

▪ Recycled wastewater on golf courses

Earthquakes

▪ Removing masonry overhangs, bracing other parts.

▪ Tying down appliances, water heaters, bookcases and fragile furniture so they won’t

fall over during a quake.

▪ Installing flexible utility connections that won’t break during shaking (pipelines too!)

Wildfire, Grassfires

▪ Replacing building components with fireproof materials

Roofing, screening

▪ Create “Defensible Space”

▪ Installing spark arrestors

▪ Fuels Modification

Noxious Weeds/Insects

▪ Mowing


▪ Spraying

▪ Replacement planting

▪ Stop overgrazing

▪ Introduce natural predators

• Insurance

NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION: Natural resource protection activities are generally

aimed at preserving (or in some cases restoring) natural areas. In so doing, these activities enable

the naturally beneficial functions of floodplains and watersheds to be better realized. These natural

and beneficial floodplain functions include the following:

• storage of floodwaters

• absorption of flood energy

• reduction in flood scour

• infiltration that absorbs overland flood flow

• groundwater recharge

• removal/filtering of excess nutrients, pollutants, and sediments from floodwaters

• habitat for flora and fauna

• recreational and aesthetic opportunities

Methods of protecting natural resources include:

• Erosion & Sediment Control

• Wetlands Protection

• Riparian Area/Habitat Protection

• Threatened & Endangered Species Protection

• Fuels Management

• Set-back regulations/buffers

• Best Management Practices

Best management practices (“BMPs”) are measures that reduce nonpoint source pollutants that

enter the waterways. Nonpoint source pollutants come from non-specific locations. Examples of

nonpoint source pollutants are lawn fertilizers, pesticides, and other farm chemicals, animal

wastes, oils from street surfaces and industrial areas and sediment from agriculture, construction,

mining and forestry. These pollutants are washed off the ground’s surface by stormwater and

flushed into receiving storm sewers, ditches and streams. BMPs can be implemented during

construction and as part of a project’s design to permanently address nonpoint source pollutants.

There are three general categories of BMPs:

1. Avoidance: setting construction projects back from the stream.

2. Reduction: Preventing runoff that conveys sediment and other water-borne pollutants,

such as planting proper vegetation and conservation tillage.


3. Cleanse: Stopping pollutants after they are en route to a stream, such as using grass

drainageways that filter the water and retention and detention basins that let pollutants

settle to the bottom before they are drained

• Dumping Regulations

• Water Use Restrictions

• Weather Modification

• Landscape Management

STRUCTURAL PROJECTS have traditionally been used by communities to control flows and

water surface elevations. Structural projects keep flood waters away from an area. They are usually

designed by engineers and managed or maintained by public works staff. These measures are

popular with many because they “stop” flooding problems. However, structural projects have

several important shortcomings that need to be kept in mind when considering them for flood

hazard mitigation:

• They are expensive, sometimes requiring capital bond issues and/or cost sharing with Federal

agencies, such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or the Natural Resources Conservation

Service.

• They disturb the land and disrupt natural water flows, often destroying habitats.

• They are built to a certain flood protection level that can be exceeded by a larger flood, causing

extensive damage.

• They can create a false sense of security when people protected by a structure believe that no

flood can ever reach them.

• They require regular maintenance to ensure that they continue to provide their design

protection level.

Structural measures include:

• Detention/Retention structures

• Erosion and Sediment Control

• Basins/Low-head Weirs

• Channel Modifications

• Culvert resizing/replacement/Maintenance

• Levees and Floodwalls

• Fencing (for snow, sand, wind)

• Drainage System Maintenance

• Reservoirs(for flood control, water storage, recreation, agriculture)

• Diversions

• Storm Sewers


PUBLIC INFORMATION: A successful hazard mitigation program involves both the public

and private sectors. Public information activities advise property owners, renters, businesses, and

local officials about hazards and ways to protect people and property from these hazards. These

activities can motivate people to take protection

• Hazard Maps and Data

• Outreach Projects

(mailings, media, web, speakers bureau)

• Library Resources

• Real Estate Disclosure

• Environmental Education

• Technical Assistance

Alternative Mitigation Measures per Category

Prevention

Preventive measures are designed to keep the problem from occurring or getting worse. Their

objective is to ensure that future development is not exposed to damage and does not increase

damage to other properties.

• Planning

• Zoning

• Open space preservation

• Land development regulations

Subdivision regulations

Floodplain development regulations

• Stormwater management

• Fuels management, fire breaks

• Building codes

Firewise construction

• (also see Property Protection)

Emergency Services

Emergency services protect people during and after a disaster. A good emergency services

program addresses all hazards. Measures include:

• Warning (floods, tornadoes, ice storms, hail storms, dam failures)

NOAA weather radio all hazards

Sirens

Reverse 911

• Evacuation and sheltering


• Communications

• Emergency planning

Activating the emergency operations room (emergency management)

Closing streets or bridges (police or public works)

Shutting off power to threatened areas (utility company)

Holding children at school/releasing children from school (school district)

Passing out sand and sandbags (public works)

Ordering an evacuation (mayor)

Opening evacuation shelters (red cross)

Monitoring water levels (engineering)

Security and other protection measures (police)

• Monitoring of conditions (dams)

• Critical facilities protection (buildings or locations vital to the response and recovery effort,

such as police/fire stations, hospitals, sewage treatment plants/lift stations, power substations)

Buildings or locations that, if damaged, would create secondary disasters, such as

hazardous materials facilities and nursing homes

Lifeline utilities protection

Health and safety maintenance

Property Protection

Property protection measures are used to modify buildings subject to damage rather than to keep

the hazard away. A community may find these to be inexpensive measures because often they are

implemented by or cost-shared with property owners. Many of the measures do not affect the

appearance or use of a building, which makes them particularly appropriate for historical sites and

landmarks.

• Retrofitting/disaster proofing

Floods

▪ Wet/dry floodproofing (barriers, shields, backflow valves)

▪ Relocation

▪ Acquisition

Tornadoes

▪ Safe rooms

▪ Securing roofs and foundations with fasteners and tie-downs

▪ Strengthening garage doors and other large openings

Drought

▪ Improve water supply (transport/storage/conservation)

▪ Remove moisture competitive plants (tamarisk/salt cedar)

▪ Water restrictions/water saver sprinklers/appliances

▪ Grazing on CRP lands (no overgrazing—see noxious weeds)

▪ Create incentives to consolidate/connect water services


▪ Recycled wastewater on golf courses

Earthquakes

▪ Removing masonry overhangs, bracing other parts

▪ Tying down appliances, water heaters, bookcases and fragile furniture so they will not

fall over during a quake.

▪ Installing flexible utility connections that will not break during shaking (pipelines, too)

Wildland fire

▪ Replacing building components with fireproof materials (roofing, screening)

▪ Creating “defensible space”

▪ Installing spark arrestors

▪ Fuels modification

Noxious weeds/insects

▪ Mowing

▪ Spraying

▪ Replacement planting

▪ Stop overgrazing

▪ Introduce natural predators

• Insurance

Natural Resource Protection

Natural resource protection activities are generally aimed at preserving (or in some cases restoring)

natural areas. In so doing, these activities enable the naturally beneficial functions of floodplains

and watersheds to be better realized. These natural and beneficial floodplain functions include the

following:

• Storage of floodwaters

• Absorption of flood energy

• Reduction in flood scour

• Infiltration that absorbs overland flood flow

• Groundwater recharge

• Removal/filtering of excess nutrients, pollutants, and sediments from floodwaters

• Habitat for flora and fauna

• Recreational and aesthetic opportunities

Methods of protecting natural resources include:

• Erosion and sediment control

• Wetlands protection

• Riparian area/habitat protection

• Threatened and endangered species protection

• Fuels management


• Set-back regulations/buffers

• Best management practices—Best management practices (“BMPs”) are measures that reduce

nonpoint source pollutants that enter the waterways. Nonpoint source pollutants come from

non-specific locations. Examples of nonpoint source pollutants are lawn fertilizers, pesticides,

and other farm chemicals, animal wastes, oils from street surfaces and industrial areas and

sediment from agriculture, construction, mining and forestry. These pollutants are washed off

the ground’s surface by stormwater and flushed into receiving storm sewers, ditches and

streams. BMPs can be implemented during construction and as part of a project’s design to

permanently address nonpoint source pollutants. There are three general categories of BMPs:

Avoidance—Setting construction projects back from the stream.

Reduction—Preventing runoff that conveys sediment and other water-borne pollutants,

such as planting proper vegetation and conservation tillage.

Cleanse—Stopping pollutants after they are en route to a stream, such as using grass

drainageways that filter the water and retention and detention basins that let pollutants

settle to the bottom before they are drained

• Dumping regulations

• Water use restrictions

• Weather modification

• Landscape management

Structural Projects

Structural projects have traditionally been used by communities to control flows and water surface

elevations. Structural projects keep flood waters away from an area. They are usually designed by

engineers and managed or maintained by public works staff. These measures are popular with

many because they “stop” flooding problems. However, structural projects have several important

shortcomings that need to be kept in mind when considering them for flood hazard mitigation:

• They are expensive, sometimes requiring capital bond issues and/or cost sharing with Federal

agencies, such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or the Natural Resources Conservation

Service.

• They disturb the land and disrupt natural water flows, often destroying habitats.

• They are built to a certain flood protection level that can be exceeded by a larger flood, causing

extensive damage.

• They can create a false sense of security when people protected by a structure believe that no

flood can ever reach them.

• They require regular maintenance to ensure that they continue to provide their design

protection level.

Structural measures include:

• Detention/retention structures


• Erosion and sediment control

• Basins/low-head weirs

• Channel modifications

• Culvert resizing/replacement/maintenance

• Levees and floodwalls

• Fencing (for snow, sand, wind)

• Drainage system maintenance

• Reservoirs (for flood control, water storage, recreation, agriculture)

• Diversions

• Storm sewers

Public Information

A successful hazard mitigation program involves both the public and private sectors. Public

information activities advise property owners, renters, businesses, and local officials about hazards

and ways to protect people and property from these hazards. These activities can motivate people

to take protection

• Hazard maps and data

• Outreach projects (mailings, media, web, speakers bureau)

• Library resources

• Real estate disclosure

• Environmental education

• Technical assistance

Mitigation Alternative Selection Criteria

The following criteria were used to select and prioritize proposed mitigation measures:

STAPLE/E

• Social—Does the measure treat people fairly? (different groups, different generations)

• Technical—Will it work? (Does it solve the problem? Is it feasible?)

• Administrative—Do you have the capacity to implement and manage project?

• Political—Who are the stakeholders? Did they get to participate? Is there public support? Is

political leadership willing to support?

• Legal—Does your organization have the authority to implement? Is it legal? Are there liability

implications?

• Economic—Is it cost-beneficial? Is there funding? Does it contribute to the local economy or

economic development?

• Environmental—Does it comply with environmental regulations?


Sustainable Disaster Recovery

• Quality of life

• Social equity

• Hazard mitigation

• Economic development

• Environmental protection/enhancement

• Community participation

Smart Growth Principles

• Infill versus sprawl

• Efficient use of land resources

• Full use of urban resources

• Mixed uses of land

• Transportation options

• Detailed, human-scale design

Other

• Does measure address area with highest risk?

• Does measure protect …

The largest # of people exposed to risk?

The largest # of buildings?

The largest # of jobs?

The largest tax income?

The largest average annual loss potential?

The area impacted most frequently?

Critical infrastructure (access, power, water, gas, telecommunications)?

• What is timing of available funding?

• What is visibility of project?

• Community credibility

Mitigation Action Selection and Prioritization Criteria

Does the proposed action protect lives?

Does the proposed action address hazards or areas with the highest risk?

Does the proposed action protect critical facilities, infrastructure, or community assets?

Does the proposed action meet multiple objectives (multi-objective management)?


STAPLE/E

Developed by FEMA, this method of applying evaluation criteria enables the planning team to

consider in a systematic way the social, technical, administrative, political, legal, economic, and

environmental opportunities and constraints of implementing a particular mitigation action. For

each action, the HMPC should ask, and consider the answers to, the following questions:

Social

Does the measure treat people fairly (different groups, different generations)?

Technical

Will it work? (Does it solve the problem? Is it feasible?)

Administrative

Is there capacity to implement and manage project?

Political

Who are the stakeholders? Did they get to participate? Is there public support? Is political

leadership willing to support it?

Legal

Does your organization have the authority to implement? Is it legal? Are there liability

implications?

Economic

Is it cost-beneficial? Is there funding? Does it contribute to the local economy or economic

development? Does it reduce direct property losses or indirect economic losses?

Environmental

Does it comply with environmental regulations or have adverse environmental impacts

Fresno County DRAFT C.12


Example Mitigation Action Items by Community Rating System Mitigation Category and Hazard

Alternative Mitigation Actions

Human Health

hazards (Pan flu,

West Nile)

Dam Failure Floods

Land slides/ Land

Subsidence/Soil

hazards

Weather Extremes

(hail, lightning,

wind, temps, fog,

drought, tornadoes)

Earthquake Wildfires Winter Weather

PREVENTION

Building codes and enforcement ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Comprehensive Watershed Tax ■

Density controls ■ ■ ■ ■

Design review standards ■ ■ ■ ■

Easements ■ ■ ■

Environmental review standards ■ ■ ■ ■

Floodplain development regulations ■ ■

Hazard mapping ■ ■ ■ ■

Floodplain zoning ■ ■

Forest fire fuel reduction ■

Housing/landlord codes ■

Slide-prone area/grading/hillside development regulations

■ ■

Manufactured home guidelines/regulations ■ ■ ■ ■

Multi-Jurisdiction Cooperation within watershed ■ ■

Open space preservation ■ ■ ■ ■

Performance standards ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Special use permits ■ ■ ■ ■

Stormwater management regulations ■

Subdivision and development regulations ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Surge protectors and lightning protection ■

Tree Management ■ ■ ■

Transfer of development rights ■ ■ ■

Utility location ■ ■ ■

PROPERTY PROTECTION

Fresno County C.13



Human Health

hazards (Pan flu,

West Nile)

Dam Failure Floods

Land slides/ Land

Subsidence/Soil

hazards

Weather Extremes

(hail, lightning,

wind, temps, fog,

drought, tornadoes)


Acquisition of hazard prone structures ■ ■ ■ ■

Construction of barriers around structures ■ ■

Elevation of structures ■ ■

Relocation out of hazard areas ■ ■ ■ ■

Non structural improvements (safety film on windows, bookshelf anchoring, critical equipment bracing etc.)

■ ■

Structural retrofits (e.g., reinforcement, floodproofing, bracing, etc.)

■ ■ ■ ■ ■

PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

Debris Control ■ Flood Insurance ■ ■

Hazard information centers ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Public education and outreach programs ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Real estate disclosure ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Crop Insurance ■ ■

NATURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION

Best Management Practices (BMPs) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Forest and vegetation management ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Hydrological Monitoring ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Sediment and erosion control regulations ■ ■ ■

Stream corridor restoration ■ ■

Stream dumping regulations ■

Urban forestry and landscape management ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Wetlands development regulations ■ ■ ■

EMERGENCY SERVICES Critical facilities protection ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Emergency response services ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Fresno County C.14



Human Health

hazards (Pan flu,

West Nile)

Dam Failure Floods

Land slides/ Land

Subsidence/Soil

hazards

Weather Extremes

(hail, lightning,

wind, temps, fog,

drought, tornadoes)


Hazard threat recognition ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Hazard warning systems (community sirens, NOAA weather radio)

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Health and safety maintenance ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Evacuation planning ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

STRUCTURAL PROJECTS Channel maintenance ■

Dams/reservoirs (including maintenance) ■ ■

Levees and floodwalls (including maintenance) ■

Safe room/shelter ■ ■ ■

Snow fences ■

Water supply augmentation ■

Post-disaster mitigation ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

APPENDIX D: REFERENCES

Fresno County DRAFT D.1


2001 Fresno County Regional Housing Needs Allocation Plan. Council of Fresno County

Governments. 2001. www.fresnocog.org/.

2006 Fresno County Agricultural Crop and Livestock Report. County of Fresno Department of

Agriculture. 2006. www.co.fresno.ca.us/4010/reports/crop06/Retrospect%20-I-X_2006.pdf.

2007 Fresno County Regional Housing Needs Allocation Plan. Draft. Council of Fresno County

Governments. 2007. www.fresnocog.org/.

California Data Exchange Center. https://statesummaries.ncics.org/

California Department of Conservation Farmland. Mapping and Monitoring Program.

www.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/fmmp/.

California Department of Finance, www.dof.ca.gov/

California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. http://calfire.ca.gov

California Department of Parks and Recreation Office of Historic Preservation.

http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/.

California Department of Public Health, www.westnile.ca.gov/

California Department of Water Resources. www.water.ca.gov/.

California Employment Development Department. www.edd.ca.gov/.

California’s Forests and Rangelands: 2010 Assessment. California Department of Forestry and

Fire Protection. http://frap.fire.ca.gov/

California Geological Survey. www.conservation.ca.gov/CGS/.

California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services. www.caloes.ca.gov/.

California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services, Accidental Release Prevention (CalARP)

program. http://www.caloes.ca.gov/cal-oes-divisions/fire-rescue/hazardous-materials/california-

accidental-release-prevention

California Institute of Technology, Southern California Earthquake Data Center.

https://www.scec.org/

California Natural Diversity Data Base. www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cnddb/.



California Volcanoes and Volcanics. U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory.

http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/California/.

California West Nile Virus Web Site. www.westnile.ca.gov/.

Cities/Counties Ranked by Size, Numeric, and Percent Change, 2011-2016 Estimates with 2010

Census Benchmark, State of California Department of Finance.

http://www.dof.ca.gov/forecasting/demographics/Estimates/E-4/2011-20/

City of Clovis. www.ci.clovis.ca.us/.

City of Coalinga. www.coalinga.com/.

City of Fresno. www.fresno.gov/.

City of Kerman. www.cityofkerman.net/.

City of Kingsburg. www.cityofkingsburg-ca.gov/.

City of Mendota. www.thecityofmendota.com/.

City of Sanger. www.ci.sanger.ca.us/.

City of Selma. www.cityofselma.com/.

Communities at Risk. California Fire Alliance. www.cafirealliance.org/communities_at_risk/.

Community Rating System. Federal Emergency Management Agency National Flood Insurance

Program. www.fema.gov/.

Council of Fresno County Governments. www.fresnocog.org/.

County of Fresno Heat Emergency Contingency Plan. Draft. Fresno County Community Health.

2007. www.fresnohumanservices.org/CommunityHealth/.

Disease Maps 2007. U.S. Geological Survey. http://diseasemaps.usgs.gov/.

Enhanced Fujita Scale. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Storm Prediction

Center. 2007. www.spc.noaa.gov/efscale/.

Economic Development Corporation Fresno County. www.fresnoedc.com/.

Digital Flood Insurance Rate Maps, Fresno County. Draft. Federal Emergency Management

Agency. 2007.



Federal Endangered and Threatened Species that Occur In or May Be Affected by Projects in

[Fresno County]. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Sacramento Office. 2008.

www.fws.gov/sacramento/.

Fire Hazard Severity Zones DRAFT, 9-2007, Very High zones in LRA. California Department

of Forestry and Fire Protection Fire and Resource Assessment Program. 2007.

http://frap.fire.ca.gov/.

Five Views: An Ethnic Historic Site Survey for California. 1988.

www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/5views/5views.htm.

The Flood Insurance Study for the County of Fresno. Federal Emergency Management Agency.

2005.

Fresno County, CA. www.co.fresno.ca.us/.

Fresno County Agricultural Commissioner. http://www.co.fresno.ca.us/departments/agricultural-

commissioner

Fresno County Assessor’s Office. www.co.fresno.ca.us/departments/assessor

Fresno County Assessor’s Office, 2017 Certified Roll Values.

Fresno County Department of Community Health. www.fresnohumanservices.org/

CommunityHealth/.

Fresno County Drought Related Tree Mortality Zones: Tiers 1 and 2. Fresno County, CA; FRAP,

US Forest Service, 2017. http://www.fire.ca.gov/treetaskforce/

Fresno County General Plan. 2000, 2017. www.co.fresno.ca.us

Fresno County Local Agency Formation Commission. www.fresnolafco.org/.

Fresno County Operational Area Master Emergency Services Plan. Fresno County Office of

Emergency Services. 2004.

Fresno County Operational Area Dam Failure Evacuation Plan, 2003; Fresno County

Operational Area Master Emergency Services Plan, 2003. Fresno County Office of Emergency

Services.

Fresno County Ordinance Code. LexisNexis Municipal Codes. 2007. http://municipalcodes

.lexisnexis.com/codes/fresno/.

Fresno County Public Works and Planning. www.co.fresno.ca.us/departments/public-works-

planning



Fresno County Zoning Ordinance. Department of Public Works and Planning, Development

Services Division. 2011. http://www.co.fresno.ca.us/departments/public-works-

planning/divisions-of-public-works-and-planning/development-services-division/zoning-

ordinance.

Fresno History. Fresno Convention and Visitor’s Bureau. www.fresnocvb.org/about/history.asp.

Fresno-Kings Unit Pre-Fire Management Plan. California Department of Forestry and Fire

Protection. 2009.

Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District. www.fresnofloodcontrol.org/.

Future Eruptions in California's Long Valley Area—What’s Likely? U.S. Geological Survey.

Fact Sheet 073-97. 1997. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs073-97/.

Getting Started: Building Support for Mitigation Planning. Federal Emergency Management

Agency. FEMA 386-1. 2002. www.fema.gov/plan/mitplanning/howto1.shtm.

Golden Gate Weather Services. http://ggweather.com/.

The Great Pandemic: The United States in 1918-1919. U.S. Department of Health and Human

Services. http://1918.pandemicflu.gov/your_state/california.htm.

Hazard Mitigation Assistance Unified Guidance. Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre-Disaster

Mitigation Program, and Flood Mitigation Assistance Program. Federal Emergency Management

Agency (FEMA). July, 2013. https://www.fema.gov/media-library-

data/15463cb34a2267a900bde4774c3f42e4/FINAL_Guidance_081213_508.pdf

HAZUS-MH 4.0 Federal Emergency Management Agency. www.fema.gov/.

Highway 168 Fire Safe Council Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Revised. Highway 168

Fire Safe Council. August 2006.

Historic American Buildings Survey. National Park Service. www.nps.gov/history/hdp/habs/.

Historic American Engineering Record. National Park Service. www.nps.gov/history/hdp/haer/.

HSIP Freedom-National Dam Inventory, 2015

Influenza. World Health Organization Epidemic and Pandemic Alert and Response.

www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/en/.

Integrating Manmade Hazards into Mitigation Planning. Federal Emergency Management

Agency. FEMA 386-7. 2003. www.fema.gov/plan/mitplanning/howto7.shtm.



Introduction to Hazard Mitigation. Federal Emergency Management Agency. FEMA IS-393.A,

2006. http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is393A.asp.

Kings River Conservation District. www.krcd.org/.

Levees In History: The Levee Challenge. Dr. Gerald E. Galloway, Jr., P.E., Ph.D., Water Policy

Collaborative, University of Maryland, Visiting Scholar, USACE, IWR. 2008.

http://www.floods.org/ace-files/leveesafety/lss_levee_history_galloway.ppt

Local Mitigation Planning Handbook. Federal Emergency Management Agency. March, 2013.

https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/20130726-1910-25045-

9160/fema_local_mitigation_handbook.pdf

Multi-Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment. Federal Emergency Management Agency.

1997. www.fema.gov/library/index.jsp

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). https://www.nasa.gov/

National Climatic Data Center, Storm Events Database. www4.ncdc.noaa.gov

National Center for Environmental Information Storm Events Database.

www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/

National Flood Insurance Program. Federal Emergency Management Agency. www.fema.gov/.

National Inventory of Levees. FEMA NFHL and the California Department of Water Resources.

2016

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. www.noaa.gov

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Storm Prediction Center. www.spc.noaa.gov

National Register Information System. www.nr.nps.gov/.

National Response Center. www.nrc.uscg.mil/.

National Weather Service Forecast Office, San Joaquin Valley/Hanford, California.

www.wrh.noaa.gov/hnx/.

Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: An Independent Study to Assess the Future Savings from

Mitigation Activities. National Institute of Building Science Multi-Hazard Mitigation Council.

2005. www.nibs.org/MMC/mmcactiv5.html.

The Online Tornado FAQ. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Storm Prediction

Center. www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/.



PandemicFlu.gov. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. www.pandemicflu.gov/.

Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties and the State, 2001-2007, with 2000

Benchmark. State of California Department of Finance. 2007. www.dof.ca.gov/HTML/

DEMOGRAP/ReportsPapers/ReportsPapers.php.

Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2000 (GCT-PH1). U.S. Census Bureau. 2000.

www.census.gov/.

Population Projections for California and Its Counties 2000-2050, by Age, Gender and

Race/Ethnicity. State of California Department of Finance. 2007. www.dof.ca.gov/HTML/

DEMOGRAP/ReportsPapers/ReportsPapers.php.

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for the State of California. California Geological

Survey. Open-File Report 96-08. 1996. www.consrv.ca.gov/CGS/rghm/psha/ofr9608/

Pages/index.aspx.

Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Act. Public Law 93-288, as amended, 42

U.S.C. 5121-5207. June 2007. www.fema.gov/pdf/about/stafford_act.pdf.

Sierra Resource Conservation District. www.sierrarcd.com/.

Social Science Data Analysis Network. www.censusscope.org/.

Social Vulnerability Index. University of South Carolina Hazards and Vulnerability Research

Institute. 2000. www.cas.sc.edu/geog/hrl/sovi.html.

Spatial Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States (SHELDUS). University of

South Carolina Hazards Research Lab. www.cas.sc.edu/geog/hrl/SHELDUS.html.

State of California, Commission on Local Governance for the 21st Century.

State of California Department of Conservation Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program.

www.conservation.ca.gov/.

State of California Enhanced Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan (SHMP). California Governor’s

Office of Emergency Services. 2013. www.hazardmitigation.oes.ca.gov/.

State of California Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan. California Governor’s Office of Emergency

Services. 2007. www.hazardmitigation.oes.ca.gov/.

Storm Events Database. National Climatic Data Center. www4.ncdc.noaa.gov

Thompson, E. Paving Paradise: A New Perspective on California Farmland Conversion.

American Farmland Trust. 2007. www.farmland.org/programs/states/ca/.



U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 5-Year Estimates, 2012 - 2016.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. www.usace.army.mil/

US Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov/

U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 American Community Survey (2015 estimates). www.census.gov

U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Decennial Census.

U.S. Coast Guard, National Response Center. www.nrc.uscg.mil/

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Risk Management Agency

U.S. Drought Monitor. University of Nebraska-Lincoln National Drought Mitigation Center.

http://drought.unl.edu/.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Integrated Climate and Land-Use

Scenarios (ICLUS) https://www.epa.gov/iclus

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Office, www.fws.gov/sacramento

US Forest Service, Wildland Fire Assessment System. http://www.wfas.net

U.S. Geological Survey. https://www.usgs.gov/

U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov

Western Regional Climate Center. www.wrcc.dri.edu/.

APPENDIX E: PLANNING PROCESS

From: Lopez, Angel <[email protected]>Sent: Wednesday, June 07, 2017 5:13 PMTo: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];

[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];mford@kingsburg‐elem.k12.ca.us; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; pe‐[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];firechief@cityofkingsburg‐ca.gov; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected]

Cc: Brislawn, Jeff P; Austin, Kenneth; Ortiz, Adan; Crump, Stephen; De La Cerda, Gabriel

Subject: Fresno County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan‐Request for ParticipationAttachments: Jeff Brislawn.vcf; AB 2140 Authorities Fact Sheet 06172015 (2).pdf Good afternoon everyone, Fresno County is beginning the process of updating its MultiJurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan(LHMP) to meet the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000). The primarypurpose of the Hazard Mitigation Plan is to reduce or eliminate longterm risk to people and propertyfrom natural and humancaused hazards and their effects on the County Operational area. With anapproved plan or annex local agencies become eligible to apply for federal mitigation grant funding. The2009 plan is expired and needs a comprehensive update to comply with the DMA 2000 requirements.The emphasis of DMA 2000 is on creating an ongoing, communitywide planning process that involvesthe Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee, the public, and other key stakeholders. The Fresno CountyOffice of Emergency Services is taking the lead on the project in coordination with a Hazard MitigationPlanning Committee (HMPC) comprised of various County departments, municipalities, special districtsand other stakeholders. Professional planning assistance is being provided by AMEC Foster Wheeler. The effort will begin in June and a timeline of the planning schedule will be discussed at the kickoffmeeting later this month. At this point, we are soliciting input from those jurisdictions that did notparticipate in the 2009 plan to determine if they will be full participants in the 2017 update. Thejurisdictions that participated in 2009 include: • City of Clovis• City of Coalinga• City of Fresno• City of Huron• City of Kerman• City of Kingsburg• City of Mendota• City of Sanger• City of Selma• Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District• Lower San Joaquin Levee District• Sierra Resource Conservation District/Highway 168 Fire Safe Council It is important that the update effort has full participation in the planning process, includingrepresentation and input, from each of the participating jurisdictions. Participation requirements include:• Attending and participating in the HMPC meetings (three anticipated over next several months)• Creating jurisdictional annexes based on a template from AMEC Foster Wheeler, and providing otherupdated information and requested data (as available)• Identifying mitigation actions specific to the jurisdiction• Reviewing and providing comments on plan drafts• Informing the public, local officials, and other interested parties about the planning process andproviding opportunity for them to comment on the plan• Coordinating, and participating in the public input process• Coordinating the formal adoption of the plan by the entity’s governing board Please reply to this notice indicating a willingness to participate in the 2017 update and provide apoint(s) of contact for your Department/Agency. Please also reply if you decline to participate. Asthe lead coordinator on this project, Ken Austin can be contacted at (559) 6004065 or by email at

[email protected]. Jeff Brislawn is the planning consultant project manager with AMEC FosterWheeler and can be contacted at 3038204654 or by email at [email protected]. A kickoff meeting will be scheduled in the near future with details forthcoming. The purpose of themeeting is to introduce and outline the process, identify hazards, collect information, plan for stakeholderand public involvement, and answer any questions. Please plan to attend or send an alternate if youcannot. Sincerely, Angel Lopez

Staff Analyst | Fresno County Department of Public Health | Office of Emergency Services

: 559.600.4499 fax 559.600.7630| : [email protected] |

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Fresno County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan

Jurisdictional Annex Requirements and Outline This document provides a suggested template for jurisdictional annexes to Fresno County’s Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan. Suggested section headings and regulatory requirements are provided in an outline format, as well as brief descriptions and sample tables for the content needed. The outline is designed to be integrated with the planning process and timeline of the Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee (HMPC) for the multi-jurisdictional plan. Additional planning guidance can be referenced in the FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook (Handbook) which is a tool for local governments to use in developing or updating local hazard mitigation plans (https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/31598).

Section 1: Prerequisites 201.6 (c)(5) The plan shall include the following…Documentation that the plan has been formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan (e.g., City Council, County Commissioner, Tribal Council). For multi-jurisdictional plans, each jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan must document that it has been formally adopted. Include the resolution or other documentation of your jurisdiction’s adoption of the LHMP. This will occur after the plan has been submitted to CA OES and FEMA and received conditional approval.

Section 2: Jurisdictional or Community Profile Develop a concise (1-2 pages) profile describing your jurisdiction. Include sections on the following: • Geography and climate • History • Economy • Population

If a special district, describe information on size and location, purpose, history, and customers served. Include a map of your community or district.

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Section 3: Risk Assessment 201.6(c)(2) The plan shall include…A risk assessment that provides the factual basis for activities proposed in the strategy to reduce losses from identified hazards. Local risk assessments must provide sufficient information to enable the jurisdiction to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions to reduce losses from identified hazards. 201.6(c)(2)(iii) For multi-jurisdictional plans, the risk assessment section must assess each jurisdiction’s risks where they vary from the risks facing the entire planning area.

3.1 Hazard Identification and Profiles 201.6(c)(2)(i) The risk assessment shall include…A description of the type, location, and extent of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. The plan shall include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events. The jurisdiction should identify hazards that could affect it, where they vary from risks facing the entire planning area and develop a hazard profile for each of these hazards. Complete the table that follows to summarize your information; the definitions for the rankings can be found on the following page.

Table x: City of XX—Hazard Profiles

Hazard Frequency of Occurrence

Spatial Extent

Potential Magnitude Significance

Agricultural Hazards

Avalanche

Dam Failure

Drought

Earthquake

Expansive Soils

Extreme Heat

Flood

Freeze

Fog

Hail

Heavy Rain/ Thunderstorm

Landslide

Land Subsidence

Severe Weather

Soil Erosion

Soil Liquefaction

Tornado

Volcano

Wildfire

Windstorm

Winter Storm

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Guidelines for Hazard Rankings

Frequency of Occurrence:

Highly Likely: Near 100% probability in next year. Likely: Between 10 and 100% probability in next year or at least one chance in ten years.

Occasional: Between 1 and 10% probability in next year or at least one chance in next 100 years. Unlikely: Less than 1% probability in next 100 years.

Spatial Extent:

Limited: Less than 10% of planning area Significant: 10-50% of planning area Extensive: 50-100% of planning area

Potential Magnitude:

Catastrophic: More than 50% of area affected Critical: 25 to 50% Limited: 10 to 25%

Negligible: Less than 10%

Significance (your subjective opinion): Low, Medium, High

For each hazard type, describe past events and their impacts. Provide maps of hazardous areas, if possible. Include information on the following to justify your rankings: • Type, location, and date of event • Nature and magnitude of event • Deaths and injuries • Property and infrastructure damage • Crop losses • Other economic/business losses • Road and/or school closures • Federal and state disaster relief

Example: Extreme Heat During the extreme heat event in summer 2006, human safety, agricultural crops, and livestock were impacted in Corcoran. There were four fatalities, of which most were elderly citizens. The cotton yield was smaller than normal, and 20 percent of the tomato crop was lost. The extreme heat also caused death in livestock and created a problem in carcass disposal. Power outage was also a problem. The city opened cooling centers during this event.

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3.2 Vulnerability Assessment 201.6(c)(2)(ii) A description of the jurisdiction’s vulnerability to the hazards described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. This description shall include an overall summary of each hazard and its impact on the community. The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of: (A) The types and numbers of existing and future buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in the identified hazard areas; The vulnerability assessment analyzes the population, property, and other assets at risk to natural hazards by using the best available data.

Assets at Risk This section lists the jurisdiction’s assets at risk, including critical facilities and infrastructure; historic, cultural, and natural resources; and economic assets. It discusses the impacts that occurred in past events and vulnerability to specific hazards. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure A critical facility may be defined as one that is essential in providing utility or direction either during the response to an emergency or during the recovery operation. FEMA’s HAZUS-MH loss estimation software uses the following three categories of critical assets. Essential facilities are those that if damaged would have devastating impacts on disaster response and recovery. High potential loss facilities are those that would have a high loss or impact on the community. Transportation and lifeline facilities are the third category; examples are provided below. Essential Facilities High Potential Loss Facilities Transportation and Lifeline ▪ Hospitals and other

medical facilities ▪ Police stations ▪ Fire station ▪ Emergency

Operations Centers

▪ Power plants ▪ Dams/levees ▪ Military installations ▪ Hazardous material sites ▪ Schools ▪ Shelters ▪ Day care centers ▪ Nursing homes ▪ Main government buildings

▪ Highways, bridges, and tunnels

▪ Railroads and facilities ▪ Bus facilities ▪ Airports ▪ Water treatment facilities ▪ Natural gas facilities and

pipelines ▪ Oil facilities and pipelines ▪ Communications facilities

Natural, Cultural, and Historical Assets Natural resource assets may include wetlands, threatened and endangered species, or other environmentally sensitive areas. Historical assets include state and federally listed historic sites. Economic Assets Economic assets at risk may include major employers or primary economic sectors, such as agriculture, whose losses or inoperability would have severe impacts on the community and its ability to recover from disaster. Use the table below to compile a detailed inventory of specific assets at risk including critical facilities and infrastructure; natural, cultural, and historical assets; and economic assets. These may include hospitals, fire stations, or historic buildings. Add additional rows as necessary. If the asset is located in a hazard area or susceptible to a specific hazards, describe this vulnerability.

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Table x: Critical Facilities and other Community Assets

Name of Asset Replacement Value

Occupancy/ Capacity # Hazard Specific Info

Estimating Potential Losses 201.6(c)(2)(ii) (B) The plans should describe vulnerability in terms of…An estimate of the potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures identified in paragraph (c)(2)(i)(A) of this section and a description of the methodology used to prepare the estimate; Estimations of potential losses should be developed using best available data. This may include GIS data and/or tax assessor’s data to estimate property values at risk. The table below shows the jurisdiction’s total exposure to hazards in terms of population and the number and values of structures. It also shows the number and value of parcels in the 100-year (Zone A) and 500-year (X-500) flood hazard areas as mapped by FEMA. Make sure to describe how your estimates were calculated.

Table x: City of XX—Exposure to Hazards City of XX Population Buildings Value Total Exposure (Earthquake)

Flood: Zone A

Flood: X-500

Wildfire: Very High Threat ranking

If possible, provide information on the following: • Number of flood insurance policies - total number of buildings in community that are

insured against floods through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) • Number of repetitive loss properties - number of repetitive losses properties (usually on a

parcel basis), for which NFIP/FEMA has paid more than $1,000 twice in the past 10 years • Number of unreinforced masonry buildings • Hospitals built before 1973 • Any hazard-related concerns or issues regarding the vulnerability of special needs

populations, such as the elderly, disabled, low-income, or migrant farm workers.

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Growth and Development Trends 201.6(c)(2)(ii) (C) The plans should describe vulnerability in terms of…Providing a general description of land uses and development trends within the community so that mitigation options can be considered in future land use decisions. Describe the types and location of new development in your jurisdiction. How much is manufactured housing? Do you have plans for new critical facilities and/or infrastructure? Are there any hazard-related concerns, such as new growth near flood or wildfire hazard areas, problems with soil hazards, etc.?

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3.3 Capability Assessment Capabilities are the programs and policies currently in use to reduce hazard impacts or that could be used to implement hazard mitigation activities. The capabilities assessment is divided into four sections: regulatory, administrative and technical, fiscal, and outreach and partnerships.

Regulatory Table x lists planning and land management tools typically used by local jurisdictions to implement hazard mitigation activities. Indicate which are in place in your jurisdiction.

Table x: City of XX—Regulatory and Planning Capabilities Regulatory Tool Yes/No Comments General plan (date adopted, etc)

Zoning ordinance

Subdivision ordinance

Site plan review requirements

Growth management ordinance

Floodplain ordinance

Other special purpose ordinance (stormwater, water conservation, wildfire)

Building code

Fire department ISO rating

Erosion or sediment control program

Stormwater management program

Capital improvements plan

Economic development plan

Local emergency operations plan

List the name and date of the ordinances and plans from the table above and any others that the city has adopted and briefly summarize their purpose and relationship to mitigation. Examples: Conservation and Open Space Zoning District – This zoning district applies to pathways, storm drainage basins, and water recharge areas throughout the city and is intended to provide for permanent open spaces in areas of the city that exhibit significant vegetation, scenic qualities, wildlife or recreation potential, and that are designated as open space sites by the General Plan. Urban Water Management Plan, 2005 – This plan describes the vulnerability of the city’s water supply to seasonal or climatic shortage. It compares the projected normal, single-dry, and multiple-dry year water supply to the projected water demand for each of these scenarios over the next 25 years, in 5-year increments. The plan designates water shortage stages of action, including up to a 50 percent reduction, and outlines specific water supply conditions at each stage.

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Administrative/Technical The table below identifies the personnel resources responsible for activities related to mitigation and loss prevention in the jurisdiction. For smaller jurisdictions without local staff resources, if there are public resources at the next higher level government that can provide technical assistance, please indicate so in the comments column.

Table x: City of XX—Personnel/Technical Capabilities Personnel Resources Yes/No Department/Position Comments Planner/Engineer with knowledge of land development/land management practices

Engineer/Professional trained in construction practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure

Planner/Engineer/Scientist with an understanding of natural hazards

Personnel skilled in GIS

Full time building official

Floodplain Manager

Emergency Manager

Grant writer

Other personnel

Warning Systems/Services (Reverse 9-11, outdoor warning signals)

Other

Briefly describe the community’s administrative and/or technical challenges or obstacles to improving mitigation capabilities. What are existing strengths or areas of opportunities?

Fiscal The following table identifies financial tools or resources that the jurisdiction could potentially use to help fund mitigation activities. Identify whether your jurisdiction has access to or is eligible to use the following financial resources for hazard mitigation

Table x: City of XX—Fiscal Capabilities

Financial Resources Accessible/Eligible to Use (Yes/No) Comments

Community Development Block Grants

Capital improvements project funding

Authority to levy taxes for specific purposes

Fees for water, sewer, gas, or electric services

Impact fees for new development

Incur debt through general obligation bonds

Incur debt through special tax bonds

Incur debt through private activities

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Financial Resources Accessible/Eligible to Use (Yes/No) Comments

Withhold spending in hazard prone areas

Other

Outreach and Partnerships Does your jurisdiction have any past or ongoing public education or information programs, such as for responsible water use, earthquake or fire safety, household preparedness, or environmental education? Are there any partnerships or committees, such as an emergency management planning committee, in which your jurisdiction participates? Example: Outreach and Partnerships Corcoran participates in the “Are You Okay?” program administered by the Kings County Sheriff’s Office. The program is a free computerized telephone system used to check on senior citizens or disabled/homebound individuals. The Amigos de la Communidad was a successful outreach program of the Corcoran Police Department intended to form a partnership with the Spanish speaking community. The program is still in existence but not very active; it could potentially be used to communicate to the Latino community about hazards and emergencies.

Other Mitigation Efforts Describe other ongoing and completed mitigation projects and programs. Include information such as: • Any hazard-related certifications, such as Storm Ready certification or Firewise

Communities certification? • Past or ongoing projects or programs designed to reduce disaster losses, these may include

projects to protect critical facilities. • Improvements to stormwater system to minimize local street flooding.

10

Section 4: Mitigation Strategy 201.6 (c)(3) The plan shall include…A mitigation strategy that provides the jurisdiction’s blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the risk assessment, based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources, and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools. Once the Risk Assessment is complete, the Mitigation Strategy must be developed. This involves 1) indicating support for the goals and objectives of the countywide plan or adding your own and 2) identifying mitigation actions for your community or district. An implementation worksheet must be completed for each identified mitigation action. The mitigation strategy should be developed through a collaborative group process and consists of goals, objectives, and mitigation actions. The following definitions are based upon those found in FEMA publication 386-3, Developing a Mitigation Plan: • Goals are general guidelines that explain what you want to achieve. Goals are defined before

considering how to accomplish them so that they are not dependent on the means of achievement. They are usually long-term, broad, policy-type statements.

• Objectives define strategies or implementation steps to attain the identified goals and are specific and measurable.

• Mitigation actions are specific actions that help achieve goals and objectives.

4.1 Goals and Objectives 201.6 (c)(3)(i) The mitigation strategy section shall include…A description of mitigation goals to reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards. The HMPC for the countywide plan will develop goals and objectives to provide direction for reducing hazard-related losses in Fresno County. Review these goals and identify any new unique goals and objectives for your jurisdiction.

4.2 Mitigation Actions 201.6 (c)(3)(ii) The mitigation strategy section shall include…A section that identifies and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each hazard, with particular emphasis on new and existing buildings and infrastructure. 201.6 (c)(3)(iv) For multi-jurisdictional plans, there must be identifiable action items specific to the jurisdiction requesting FEMA approval or credit of the plan. Through a collaborative group process, the HMPC for the countywide plan will also identify specific mitigation actions to achieve goals and objectives for reducing vulnerability to natural hazards. The HMPC will prioritize these mitigation actions using the STAPLEE criteria recommended by FEMA. STAPLEE stands for: social, technical, administrative, political, legal, economic, and environmental, which are the factors that should be considered when assessing mitigation measures. A description of the STAPLEE criteria, as well as examples of mitigation actions, can be found in your packet of jurisdictional annex information. Your jurisdiction should identify the countywide actions that it would like to specifically implement and also identify unique mitigation actions to the jurisdiction. The table on the following page can be used to summarize actions.

11

Table x: Summary of Mitigation Actions Mitigation Action Priority Links to

Goals Hazards Addressed Schedule

Example 1. Replace redwood water storage tanks with steel tanks to prevent losses from wildfire.

High 1,2,3 Wildfire 7 years

12

4.3 Action Implementation Worksheets 201.6 (c)(3)(iii) The mitigation strategy section shall include…An action plan describing how the actions identified in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section will be prioritized, implemented, and administered by the local jurisdiction. Prioritization shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed projects and their associated costs. The jurisdiction should complete an implementation worksheet for each mitigation action identified in the previous section. The worksheet provides the details for how the jurisdiction will complete the action, such as identifying the responsible office, timeline, and funding, as well as the background information and costs/benefits of the project. An example of a completed worksheet is provided below. A blank worksheet is included on the following page. Example Mitigation Action #1: Replace redwood water storage tanks with steel tanks Priority (H, M, L): High Issue/Background: The CCWD owns 11 redwood water storage tanks that are approaching 40 years of age. These tanks are made of wood and are vulnerable to fire—the 602 tank in the Jenny Lind service area was destroyed by wildfire in 2004 and had to be replaced with a steel tank. Many of these tanks are also in high wildfire risk areas. There is a strong likelihood one or more redwood tanks will be destroyed by fire in the next few years, depriving a large group of customers their drinking water and depleting water storage available for fire protection. These tanks also release small amounts of organics into the drinking water, leaving behind a taste and odor, as well as creating substrate materials for carcinogen creation. The CCWD plans to replace all redwood tanks due to the vulnerability to fire and to the problems with water quality. Responsible Office: CCWD Engineering Partners: California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Potential Funding: • District revenue from rates, fees, property taxes, interest on investments • FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program • U.S. EPA • State revolving fund grants and/or loans

Cost Estimate: The replacement cost for a typically-sized redwood tank is $600,000. Total capital cost for replacing all redwood tanks is $6.6 million. Benefits (Losses Avoided): • Reliable water delivery for domestic consumption and fire flow • Reduce risk of property damage • Protect public health and safety

Timeline: Replace all 11 tanks within next seven years

13

Mitigation Action #xx: Action Title:

Jurisdiction:

Priority:

Issue/Background:

Ideas for Implementation:

Responsible Office:

Partners:

Potential Funding:

Cost Estimate:

Benefits: (Losses Avoided)

Timeline:

Completed by:

Help Reduce Disaster Losses in Your Community or District by Participating in the

Fresno County Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan 2017 Update

The Fresno County Office of Emergency Services is taking the lead in updating its multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plan originally developed in 2008-2009. The purpose of this plan is to assess risk to natural and significant manmade hazards, implement actions to reduce future losses, and maintain eligibility for federal mitigation funds. Incorporated cities and special districts located in Fresno County are invited to participate in this cooperative update effort. What is a Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan? Hazard mitigation means any action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from natural or manmade hazards. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires local governments to have a hazard mitigation plan approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to maintain eligibility for certain federal disaster assistance and hazard mitigation funding programs. In addition, Assembly Bill 2140, adopted by the California legislature in the fall of 2006, provides financial incentives for local jurisdictions adopting their Local Hazard Mitigation Plan as part of their General Plan. A multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plan is a plan jointly prepared by more than one jurisdiction. The term “jurisdiction” in this guide means “local government.” A local government may include counties, municipalities, cities, towns, school districts, special districts, council of governments, Indian tribe or authorized tribal organizations, rural communities, or other public entities. What Are the Benefits of Participating in a Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan? Local jurisdictions have the option of preparing a multi-jurisdictional hazard mitigation plan under the Disaster Mitigation Act. Some of the benefits to jurisdictions of choosing to participate in a multi-jurisdictional planning process are the following: • Enables comprehensive approaches to mitigate hazards that affect multiple jurisdictions; • Allows for economies of scale by sharing costs and resources; • Improves coordination and communication among local governments and districts; • Avoids duplication of efforts; • Imposes an external framework and schedule on the process; and • Establishes eligibility for FEMA mitigation funding programs. When opting to participate in a multi-jurisdictional plan update, jurisdictions still must meet all planning requirements, including formal adoption of the plan. Failure of any of the participating jurisdictions to meet the requirements will not prevent the compliant jurisdictions from adopting the plan, getting it approved by FEMA, and consequently being eligible for project grants.

(OVER)

How to Participate in the Fresno County Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Update To participate in the multi-jurisdictional plan update, jurisdictions must complete the following steps: • Designate a representative to serve on the Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Planning

Committee, which will meet four times during the nine-month planning process. • Send the representative to attend the Kickoff Meeting for the plan on Wednesday, July 12,

2017, at 9:30 am in Clovis, where additional information will be provided. • If you are a previously participating Jurisdiction: Provide requested input to the annex for

your jurisdiction. Detailed guidelines for updating your annex will be provided through the county planning process.

• If you are a new Jurisdiction: Develop an annex to the countywide plan for your jurisdiction. Detailed guidelines and support for creating your annex will be provided through the county planning process.

• Inform the public, local officials, and other interested parties about the planning process and provide opportunity for them to comment on the plan and annex.

• Formally adopt the mitigation plan and your community’s/district’s annex. Fresno County will provide participating jurisdictions with general background information on hazards, guidance on planning steps, and other resources. The outline for a jurisdictional annex is provided below.

Outline of a Jurisdictional Annex Documentation of Local Jurisdiction Adoption I. Jurisdiction Profile II. Planning Process III. Risk Assessment

Hazard Identification and Profiles Vulnerability Assessment Capability Assessment

IV. Mitigation Strategy Mitigation Goals Mitigation Actions and Projects Implementation Process and Schedule for Identified Mitigation Actions

V. Plan Maintenance Process Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan Incorporation into Existing Planning Mechanisms Continued Public Involvement

For more information on this project, contact: Jeff Brislawn Ken Austin Angel Lopez Amec Foster Wheeler Hazard Mitigation and Emergency Management

Office of Emergency Services Fresno County Department of Public Health

Office of Emergency Services Fresno County Department of Public Health

Phone: (303) 704-5506 Phone: (559) 600-4065 Phone: (559) 600-4499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Guide for

Fresno County, California Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee (HMPC)

Prepared by

Amec Foster Wheeler July 2017

Fresno County 2 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2017

Overview

The contents of this workbook have been designed to assist Fresno County and its jurisdictions

(municipalities and special districts) in the 2017 update of the 2009 Multi-Jurisdictional, Multi-

Hazard Mitigation Plan, in accordance with the Federal Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA) of 2000

update requirements. The mitigation planning regulation at 44 CFR §201.6(d)(3) states:

A local jurisdiction must review and revise its plan to reflect changes in development, progress in local mitigation efforts, and changes in priorities, and resubmit it for approval within five (5) years in order to continue to be eligible for mitigation project grant funding.

This guide includes a description of the necessary background information needed to support

the hazard mitigation plan update process. This includes an update of the hazard identification

and vulnerability assessment, revisiting the assessment of Fresno County’s current hazard

mitigation capabilities, and a review of the progress on mitigation projects intended to prevent or

reduce future losses. The plan’s key components will be revisited through a formal planning

process, including re-adoption of the plan in order to securing the continued buy-in of

participating jurisdictions.

The essential information needed to support the update process includes current background

information about Fresno County and its jurisdictions: plans, technical studies, and data related

to hazards and risks; current governing codes, ordinances, regulations, and procedures whose

intent is to minimize future losses; and an update of Fresno County’s technical and

organizational capabilities to perform hazard mitigation/loss prevention functions. It is important

that the plan shows what Fresno County is doing now to limit future disaster losses, and capture

any mitigation success stories since 2009.

The planning process is heavily dependent on existing data to be supplied by each of the

participants represented on the Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee (HMPC). The DMA plan

development process does not require the development of new data, but requires existing data only. The goal of this process is to produce an updated hazard mitigation plan that meets

Fresno County’s needs, as well as the requirements of DMA 2000 and that contains a list of

updated projects that may be eligible for streamlined federal mitigation funding pre or post

disaster.

What is Mitigation?

Hazard mitigation is defined by FEMA as “any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate

long-term risk to human life and property from a hazard event.” The results of a three-year,

congressionally mandated independent study to assess future savings from mitigation activities

provides evidence that mitigation activities are highly cost-effective. On average, each dollar

spent on mitigation saves society an average of $4 in avoided future losses in addition to saving

lives and preventing injuries (National Institute of Building Science Multi-Hazard Mitigation

Council 2005).

Mitigation generally means reducing long-term risk from hazards to acceptable levels through

predetermined measures accompanying physical development, for example: strengthening


structures to withstand high winds or snow loads; elevating, removing or limiting development in

flood-prone areas; clearing defensible space around residences in Wildfire Urban Interface

(WUI) areas; or designing development away from areas of geological instability. Mitigation can

also protect existing development through seismic retrofitting, critical infrastructure protection,

floodproofing etc.

Mitigation is different from emergency preparedness or response. Preparedness concentrates

on activities which make a person, place, or organization ready to respond to a disaster with

emergency equipment, food, emergency shelter, and medicine. Response activities may

reduce damages, such as sandbagging during a flood, but this is a short term solution and

requires advance warning and resources to be in place during the event. Mitigation of flood

hazards through wise floodplain management and hazard avoidance is an example of a long

term solution.

Participation

The DMA planning regulations and guidance stress that each entity seeking the required FEMA

re-approval of their mitigation plan must:

• Participate in the process;

• Detail areas within the planning area where the risk differs from that facing the entire area;

• Identify specific projects to be eligible for funding; and

• Have the governing board formally adopt the plan.

For HMPC members, ‘participation’ means the planning committee representatives will:

• Attend and participate in HMPC meetings;

• Provide available data that is requested of the HMPC coordinator;

• Provide revisions to specific sections of the 2006 plan relevant to the jurisdiction;

• Provide a status report on mitigation actions of the 2006 plan relevant to the

jurisdiction;

• Review and provide/coordinate comments on the updated plan draft;

• Advertise, coordinate and participate in the public input process; and

• Coordinate the formal adoption of the plan by the governing board.

Plan Update and Data Collection Guide

This guide contains an explanation of the types of hazard mitigation/loss prevention data that is

needed for the hazard mitigation planning process. This guide identifies specific requirements

for the Risk Assessment Process, which includes the Hazard Identification, Vulnerability, and

Capability Assessments as well as defines requirements for the update of the Mitigation

Strategy.

The worksheets have been developed to assist with the update. Each jurisdiction should utilize

members of their planning subcommittee to review the existing draft and either complete the


worksheet forms or directly edit the respective sections of the Fresno County Hazard Mitigation

Plan. A step by step process is included in this guide. Each participating jurisdiction (county,

town, city, or special district) that desires credit for participation in the 2017 update must go

through this process.

Data collection worksheets, or edits to respective sections of the Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan are due on August 31st to Jeff Brislawn (contact information below).

Project Contacts

Jeff Brislawn Ken Austin Angel Lopez

Amec Foster Wheeler Office of Emergency Services

Fresno County

Department of Public Health

Office of Emergency Services

Fresno County

Department of Public Health

Phone: (303) 704-5506 Phone: (559) 600-4065 Phone: (559) 600-4499

Email:

[email protected]

Email:

[email protected]

Email:

[email protected]


Steps to update your jurisdiction’s annex of the Fresno HMP

1. Attend plan update meetings of the countywide HMPC.

2. Download a Word (editable) version of the 2009 plan from the project Google drive (link to be provided in email)

Track all edits with Track Changes. A PDF copy of the plan can also be downloaded.

3. Reconvene a mitigation planning subcommittee for your jurisdiction

a. Include departments such as planning, engineering, public works, GIS, police, fire, etc as applicable

b. Document any meetings with sign in sheets (use blank template attached)

4. Review Chapter 4.1 Hazard Identification section in Base Plan and Annex

a. Identify hazard impacts to your jurisdiction since 2007 (Use historic hazard event worksheet to provide details, or collect related reports, articles or memos with damage amounts, damage assessment reports etc.)

b. Identify any new hazard studies or plans – send electronic versions (preferred if available), web link, or hardcopies to County HMP coordinator

5. Review Chapter 4.2 Vulnerability Assessment in Base Plan and Annex

a. Review discussion on potential losses and note where you may have more specific information on past losses or potential for future losses specific to your jurisdiction. Note: Amec Foster Wheeler will be re-doing the flood, earthquake and wildfire analyses based on current countywide GIS datasets and recent Digital Flood Insurance Rate Maps and current wildfire hazard data.

6. Review Capabilities Assessment in Annex

a. Review the Jurisdiction-Specific Existing Capabilities, Development Trends

b. Using the ‘Track Changes’ feature in Word, mark up the document with changes, OR use the attached worksheets to provide updated information.

c. Note any changes in hazard significance or reduction in vulnerability through the implementation of mitigation projects such as defensible space, stormwater improvements, public education efforts etc.

d. Note any changes in development trends. Provide an estimate of future trends (building types and counts).

e. Upload either ‘Track Changed’ Word version of chapter or Worksheets to the Google Drive. Provide this and notify the County HMP coordinator by August 31st.


7. Review Chapter 5.3 County Mitigation Action Plan summary table, specific to your jurisdiction, and the Mitigation Project Descriptions in your jurisdictional Annex.

a. Provide updates to the details of the project, where applicable

b. Note any changes in priority

c. Provide a status update on each project. Indicate what projects are ongoing, completed, deleted or deferred. If completed was it successful? Did the project help prevent losses from an event, or has it not been tested yet? If it has not been completed indicate reason why (i.e. lack of funding, other priorities etc.).

d. A worksheet and template will be provided to facilitate this, with due date TBD.

e. Consider ideas for new projects for your jurisdiction. These can be projects that may be in the works already but not captured in the plan or that may have become a priority following recent disaster declarations. These will be discussed at a future HMPC meeting. A worksheet and template will be provided for new projects, and for those projects to be carried forward from the existing plan, with due date TBD.

8. Review Chapter 7.0 Plan Implementation and Maintenance

a. Review this section for compliance; If this process was followed (i.e. annual reviews) please provide details. If not, provide specific details to actual implementation and maintenance process over past 5 years.

b. Note any updates/efforts to incorporate this plan into existing planning mechanisms or opportunities to do so in the future (Important)

c. Note any continued public involvement (Amec Foster Wheeler will document meetings specific to the plan update).

9. Help advertise and coordinate public meetings where applicable

10. Provide documentation of all meetings to County HMPC coordinator

11. Review and comment on the updated plan

12. When plan receives conditional approval from FEMA, re-adopt the plan

13. Continue to implement the plan!


Information Sources

The following are possible sources of information to assist with updating the plan:

• General Plans, specifically Safety Element

• Emergency Operations Plans

• Emergency Action Plans for dams

• Incident logs/After Action reports

• Damage Assessment reports

• Drought Plans

• Evacuation Plans

• Recovery Plans

• Emergency Exercise Scenarios

• GIS databases

• Hazard specific plans:

o Community Wildfire Protection Plans

o Flood Hazard Mitigation Plans

o Fire Safe plans

• Capital Improvement Plans

• Capital Facilities Plans

• Strategic plans

• Land Use Plans/Codes

• Local Building codes/regulations

• Climate adaptation plans

The Risk Assessment Process

The risk assessment process includes three components: hazard identification, vulnerability assessment, and capability assessment. Data needs and worksheets for each of the risk assessment components are included in this guide. Use these worksheets to evaluate your jurisdiction’s current vulnerability to the hazards in the plan. Refer to the existing plan (Chapter 4) first. The intent is to identify any changes in the significance or risks to these hazards as they pertain to your jurisdiction.


Fresno County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Worksheet #1: Hazard Identification Update

Name of Department/Jurisdiction: Use this worksheet to identify possible hazards that may impact your jurisdiction. Hazards currently identified in the plan are listed. Please rank according to the guidelines that follow the table. Use copies of Worksheet #2: Historic Hazard Event to provide evidence to justify your conclusions.

Hazard

Frequency of

Occurrence Hazard Extent

Potential Magnitude Significance

Hazard Map? (Paper/GIS/

Source) Dam & Levee Failure

Drought

Earthquakes

Floods

Insect Hazards

Landslides

Natural Health Hazards

Severe Weather*

Soil Hazards

Volcanoes

Wildfires

*Severe Weather Includes Dust Storms, Extreme Temperatures, Fog, Hail, Heavy rains, lightning, tornadoes, windstorms, and winter storms

Frequency of Occurrence: Highly Likely: Near 100% probability in next year.

Likely: Between 10 and 100% probability in next year

or at least one chance in ten years.

Occasional: Between 1 and 10% probability in next

year or at least one chance in next 100 years.

Unlikely: Less than 1% probability in next 100 years.

Potential Magnitude: Catastrophic: Multiple deaths, complete shutdown of facilities for 30

days or more, more than 50% of property is severely damaged

Critical: Multiple severe injuries, complete shutdown of facilities for at

least 2 weeks, more than 25% of property is severely damaged

Limited: Some injuries, complete shutdown of critical facilities for

more than one week, more than 10 percent of property is severely

damaged

Negligible: Minor injuries, minimal quality-of-life impact, shutdown of

critical facilities and services for 24 hours or less, less than 10

percent of property is severely damaged. Significance (your subjective opinion): Low, Medium, High

Hazard Extent: Limited: Less than 10% of planning area

Significant: 10-50% of planning area

Extensive: 50-100% of planning area

Prepared by:

Phone:

Email:


Fresno County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Worksheet #2: Historic Hazard Event

Name of Department/Jurisdiction: Please fill out one sheet for each significant hazard event with as much detail as possible. Attach supporting documentation, photocopies of newspaper articles, or other original sources.

Type of event

Nature and magnitude of event

Location

Date of event

Injuries

Deaths

Property damage

Infrastructure damage

Crop damage

Business/economic impacts

Road/school/other closures

Other damage

Insured losses

Federal/state disaster relief funding

Opinion on likelihood of occurring again

Source of information

Comments

Prepared by:

Phone:

Email:


Fresno County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Worksheet #3: Vulnerability Assessment

Name of Department/Jurisdiction: The purpose of this worksheet is to assess the vulnerable buildings, populations, critical facilities, infrastructure, and other important assets in your community by using the best available data to complete the table and questions that follow. Use the table on the next page to compile a detailed inventory of specific assets at risk including critical facilities and infrastructure; natural, cultural, and historical assets; and economic assets as defined below. Alternately you can edit your jurisdiction’s information in Section 4.3 of the plan. Attach supporting documentation, such as photographs, reports, or plans if possible. In the hazard specific column of the asset inventory table, indicate if there is a specific hazard to which the asset is at risk.

Critical Facilities

Critical Facilities must remain operational during any major disaster and be designed, located, and constructed accordingly. FEMA’s HAZUS-MH loss estimation software uses the following three categories of critical assets. ‘Essential facilities’ are those that if damaged would have devastating impacts on disaster response and/or recovery. ‘High potential loss facilities’ are those that would have a high loss or impact on the community. Transportation and lifeline facilities are third category of critical assets; examples are provided below.

Essential Facilities High Potential Loss Facilities Transportation and Lifeline ▪ Hospitals and other

medical facilities ▪ Police stations ▪ Fire station ▪ Emergency Operations

Centers

▪ Power plants ▪ Dams/levees ▪ Military installations ▪ Hazardous material sites ▪ Schools ▪ Shelters ▪ Day care centers ▪ Nursing homes ▪ Main government buildings

▪ Highways, bridges, and tunnels

▪ Railroads and facilities ▪ Bus facilities ▪ Airports ▪ Water treatment facilities ▪ Natural gas facilities and

pipelines ▪ Oil facilities and pipelines ▪ Communications facilities

Natural, Cultural, and Historical Assets

Natural resource assets may include wetlands, threatened and endangered species, or other environmentally sensitive areas. Historical assets include state and federally listed historic sites.

Economic Assets

Economic assets at risk may include major employers or primary economic sectors, such as agriculture, whose losses or inoperability would have severe impacts on the community and its ability to recover from disaster.


Asset Inventory

Name of Asset Type* Replacement

value Hazard Specific issues

*EI: Essential Infrastructure; VF: Vulnerable Facilities; HM: Hazardous Materials Facilities; NA: natural assets


Additional Vulnerability Questions

Describe growth and development trends and future growth areas and how they relate to hazard areas and vulnerability concerns/issues.

Review the mitigation actions in your jurisdictional annex. Indicate what projects have been completed or are ongoing and describe how vulnerability has changed (or not) as a result of implementing successful mitigation actions.

Prepared by:

Phone:

Email:


Fresno County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Worksheet #4: Capability Assessment

Name of Department/Jurisdiction: Capabilities are the programs and policies currently in use to reduce hazard impacts or that could be used to implement hazard mitigation activities. Please complete this worksheet and provide supporting documentation if possible, or edit your jurisdiction’s table in Section 4.3 of the 2006 plan.

Regulatory

The following planning and land management tools are typically used by local jurisdictions to implement hazard mitigation activities. Please indicate which your jurisdiction has in place. If your jurisdiction does not have this capability or authority, please indicate if a higher level of government has the authority. Also use the comments column to indicate how we can obtain a copy of the plan or document (i.e. available on the web (include address), will put on ftp, will e-mail or mail, will fax).

Regulatory Tool (ordinances, codes, plans) Yes/No Comments General or Comprehensive plan

Zoning ordinance

Subdivision ordinance

Growth management ordinance

Floodplain ordinance

Other special purpose ordinance (stormwater, steep slope, wildfire)

Building code

Fire department ISO rating

Erosion or sediment control program

Stormwater management program

Site plan review requirements

Capital improvements plan

Economic development plan

Local emergency operations plan

Other special plans

Flood insurance study or other engineering study for streams

Elevation certificates (for floodplain development)

Other


Administrative/Technical

Identify the technical and personnel resources responsible for activities related to hazard mitigation/loss prevention within your jurisdiction. For smaller jurisdictions without local staff resources, if there are public resources at the next higher level government that can provide technical assistance, please indicate so in the comments column.

Personnel Resources Yes/No Department/Position Comments Planner/engineer with knowledge of land development/land management practices

Engineer/professional trained in construction practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure

Planner/engineer/scientist with an understanding of natural hazards

Personnel skilled in GIS

Full time building official

Floodplain manager

Emergency manager

Grant writer

Other personnel

GIS Data Resources (Hazard areas, critical facilities, land use, building footprints, etc.)

Warning Systems/Services (Reverse 9-11, cable override, outdoor warning signals)

Other


Additional Capabilities Questions

Does your community have any hazard-related certifications, such as Storm Ready certification or Firewise Communities certification?

Describe any past or ongoing public education

or information programs, such as for

responsible water use, earthquake or fire safety,

household preparedness, or environmental

education.

Describe any other past or ongoing projects or

programs designed to reduce disaster losses.

These may include projects to protect critical

facilities.

Prepared by:

Phone:

Email:

SIGN-IN SHEET - FRESNO COUNTY MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE PROJECT

Jurisdiction:

Date: Time:

Location: Meeting Purpose:

Name Jurisdiction/Organization/Citizen Title Phone E-mail

FRESNO COUNTY MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN

2017 UPDATE

KICKOFF MEETING Wednesday, July 12, 2017

10:00 am – 12:30 pm Clovis Fire Headquarters EOC/Training Room 1233 Fifth Street Clovis, CA 93612

1. Introductions

2. Mitigation, Mitigation Planning, and the Disaster Mitigation Act Requirements

3. Benefits of Participation and the Role of the Hazard Mitigation Planning

Committee

4. Overview of the 2009 Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan

5. Implementation Success Stories

6. Objectives and Schedule for the Plan Update

7. Review of Identified Hazards

8. Coordinating with Other Agencies, Related Planning Efforts, and Recent Studies

9. Planning for Public Involvement

10. Updating Jurisdictional Annexes and Information Needs

11. Questions and Answers/Adjourn

Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2017

Fresno County Multi-Jurisdictional,

Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan 2017 Update

Project Kick-Off Meeting Summary

9:30am-Noon July 12, 2017

Clovis Fire Headquarters EOC/Training Room 1233 Fifth Street Clovis, CA 93612

Introductions and Opening Remarks

Ken Austin with Fresno County Office of Emergency Services began the meeting with welcoming remarks and introduced Jeff Brislawn, project manager with Amec Foster Wheeler, the consulting firm hired to facilitate the planning process and develop the updated County plan. Ken asked everyone around the room to introduce themselves. 42 persons representing a mix of county departments and stakeholders were present and documented on a sign-in sheet. County representatives included Roads, ISD, Assessor’s Office, Public Works and Planning and Public Health, Ag department, Sheriff’s Office and Office of Emergency Services. Municipality representation included Clovis, Fowler, Reedley, Kingsburg, Sanger, and City of Fresno. Stakeholders and other interested parties present included representatives from the Sierra Resource Conservation District, Cal Fire (Fresno Kings Unit), Fresno Metro Flood Control District, Fresno Irrigation District, Westlands Water District, Malaga County Water District and Oak-Timberline and Hwy 168 Fire Safe Councils. Federal and state agency stakeholders included the California Office of Emergency Services, CalTrans, CalFire, US Forest Service – Sierra NF, and the US Bureau of Reclamation. Also represented were staff from the local Amec Foster Wheeler office and Mintier Harnish, a firm that is working on the County General Plan update and providing support to the HMP update as part of the Amec Foster Wheeler team. Jeff asked how many had participated in the 2009 planning process; only a few raised their hands. Jeff discussed the agenda items as summarized below.

Mitigation Planning and the Disaster Mitigation Act Requirements

Jeff presented PowerPoint slides that outlined the planning process and the Disaster Mitigation Act Requirements. Jeff also mentioned the increase in the number of disaster incidents and the corresponding increase in recovery costs in California and nationwide in recent years. The upside of these disasters is that more funding is becoming available for mitigation projects. The planning process involves a 4 Phase approach with 9 steps per FEMA guidance updated in 2013. The update will also align with the Community Rating System (CRS) 10 step floodplain

Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update 2017 2

management planning process so that credits can be achieved since Fresno County and the City of Fresno participate in CRS.

An important aspect of the plan update is that it’s needed to be eligible for FEMA mitigation grant funding. Additionally, local governmental agencies that have incorporated the HMP by reference into their General Plans are eligible to receive a potentially higher state share of California Disaster Assistance Act funding post-disaster. The plan will be updated in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA) of 2000.

Jeff emphasized the importance and benefits of hazard mitigation planning and the types of mitigation projects that can be funded if eligibility requirements are met. In California, these projects have included wildfire mitigation/fuels treatment, flood reduction/drainage improvements, landslide stabilization, generators and warning systems. Recent changes in FEMA policy now make certain levee projects eligible, provided they don’t duplicate another federal program, and ‘climate resilient’ activities including groundwater recharge for drought mitigation and green infrastructure for stormwater mitigation.

Objectives and Schedule for the HIRA Update

The HMP update will be based on existing documents and studies, with the Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan (2009) providing the baseline for identified hazards and the groundwork for policies and actions for hazard mitigation.

Aspect of planning process include:

• Reengage the local government participants that originally had annexes to the plan • Invite other local governments to participate in the plan update • Raise awareness and engage the public • Update hazards and baseline development data to reflect current conditions • Update the mitigation strategy • Maximize CRS planning credits where feasible

Role of the Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee (HMPC)

The County and participating jurisdictions (local governments including special districts) will comprise the HMPC to provide input into the plan update. Jeff emphasized that this is YOUR plan, local input, and participation from the county, municipalities and special districts is required for full approval from FEMA; participation includes:

• Establishing a planning committee for each jurisdiction, • Attend planning meetings and provide requested data, • Assist with public outreach including assisting in coordinating press releases, and advertising

public meetings


• Providing comments on draft plans • Coordinating formal adoption

The county emphasized the intent to get all municipalities engaged in the update effort, at a minimum. Certain special districts, particularly those that might be applicants for FEMA mitigation funding, are also encouraged to participate if they did not do so before. The county will need to know soon of the jurisdictions new to the plan so that resources can be evaluated accordingly.

Stakeholders include other local, state and federal agencies with a stake in hazard mitigation in the County. Examples include the USFS, CalTrans, CalFire and CalOES. Neighboring counties will be notified about the update and given an opportunity to provide input into the process.

The HMP will be updated over the next six months, with two more meetings with the Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee. Amec Foster Wheeler will be updating the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) in the next couple of months, with input from the HMPC. Three drafts will be created: first for review by HMPC committee, a 2nd for public review, and a 3rd for state and FEMA review. The first draft for HMPC review is targeted for December 2017, and a public review draft in January.

Review of Identified Hazards

Based on hazards from the 2009 County HMP, the list of potential natural hazards was reviewed. The focus is on natural hazards, since manmade hazards are not required by DMA 2000 regulations and often are dealt with through separate planning mechanisms. Human caused hazards included in the 2009 HMP included hazardous materials incidents. Jeff showed a slide that listed the hazards in the 2009 hazards list. After discussion, the hazards recommended for profiling in the HMP update include:

• Agricultural Hazards • Avalanche • Dam Failure • Drought • Earthquakes • Floods • Human Health Hazards

o Epidemic/Pandemic o West Nile Virus

• Landslides • Severe Weather

o Extreme temperatures (heat and cold/Freeze) o Fog o Heavy rain/Thunderstorm/Hail/Lightning


o Snow o Tornadoes

• Soil Hazards o Erosion, Subsidence, Expansive soils

• Volcanoes • Wildfire • Hazardous materials/transported and fixed facility

In general, the group felt that the list was comprehensive. It was also explained that FEMA does not require human caused hazards, and every hazard profiled must have a mitigation action identified.

Jeff Brislawn asked the group to review the list of hazards and comment on how they could be enhanced or updated with:

• Historic incidents • Incident logs • Public perception • Scientific studies • Other plans and reports (e.g., flood and drainage studies, CWPPs, Internet databases) • Recent disasters

Additional insight and details were learned during the conversation among participants. Highlights of the discussion include:

• Flood: The County has experienced flooding in 2017 due to winter storms and high summer snowmelt runoff.

• Subsidence: This has become more of an issue due to heavy groundwater withdrawal during the recent severe multi-year drought. It may be exacerbating flood hazards by lowering levee heights in some areas.

• Levee failure: There have been some concerns with levees and non-leveed embankments, including canal banks that function as levees.

• Wind: Jeff noted this seemed to be omitted in the 2009 plan. The HMPC noted Chinook /Foehn/Mono winds on the east slopes of the Sierra and Santa Ana type winds on the western side of the county. Blowing dust can be an issue with winds in the valley.

• Tree Mortality: Significant tree deaths have occurred in the Sierras and foothills due to long term drought and insect infestations. This needs to be addressed in the plan update; Jeff recommended in drought and wildfire sections are where tree issues/hazards are typically noted.


• Public Health: Zika was noted as more of a concern currently than West Nile virus. Air quality issues due to wildfires in other parts of the state was also noted.

Coordinating with Other Agencies\Related Planning Efforts\Recent Studies

A discussion of other agencies that should be coordinated with took place. Those noted included:

• Native American Tribes; County OES noted that they were invited. • Fresno Council of Governments • Utility providers in the County – PG&E and Southern California Edison have hydroelectric

plants that are susceptible to disasters as well as other power infrastructure that could be affected by various hazards

• Ensure Corp of Engineers and Bureau of Reclamation are included as stakeholders • Cal DWR and Cal Tech – may have flood/levee risk and subsidence information • Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board is concerned about subsidence and

water quality due to groundwater withdrawals. • Lower San Joaquin Levee District was unable to attend but is planning to participate in the

update process.

A discussion on recent studies of hazards in other documents and reports followed. Opportunities for coordinating and cross-referencing the HMP were discussed. Recent studies and related planning efforts included:

• General Plan Background Report and Safety Element revised in 2016 • An Integrated Resource Management Plan for the Southern Sierra is being updated • CWPP updates: The Oak-Timberline and Hwy 168 Fire Safe Councils have updated CWPPs • General plan updates are addressing climate change and adaptation • High Speed Rail construction was noted; an EIS for this project has information on hazards • A Unit Wide Fire Plan has mitigation initiatives that might relate to the HMP

Planning for Public Involvement

How to involve the public was discussed. The public can be a source of information on hazards and mitigation ideas. Public meetings are scoped to be part of the effort but Jeff recommend ‘piggy backing’ on other public forums where possible to ensure an audience. Suggestions included:

• Outreach through social media • County General Plan update has a window for public comment in the next two months as

well as public meetings and board and commission meetings.


• Advertise in Mountain Press • Use city websites to link to information on plan • Discuss HMP at FireWise and Fire Safe meetings and note in newsletters

Data Collection Needs and Next steps

Jeff noted that he will be in touch to followup on some of the previously identified data sources and plans. A handout was provided for jurisdictions new to the plan, with a companion annex template/worksheet that will need to be completed with input from the jurisdiction. A separate handout was provided to jurisdictions that already have an annex with instructions on how to update some of the information and provide input to Amec Foster Wheeler. A Google Share Drive will be set up for the project to share large documents. A GIS needs list was provided to the County to assist with data collection. Jeff agreed to provide the meeting summary, presentation and sign in sheet by email so that other HMPC members that could not attend today’s meeting could get up to speed.

Adjourn

The meeting adjourned at 12:00 pm.

Summary prepared by Jeff Brislawn, Amec Foster Wheeler

[email protected]

303-820-4654

1942 Broadway, Suite 314

Boulder, CO 80302


2017 UPDATE

Risk Assessment and Goals Update Meeting Friday, October 6, 2017

9:30 am – 12:00 pm Clovis Fire Headquarters EOC/Training Room 1233 Fifth Street Clovis, CA 93612

Introductions

Review of the Planning Process

Review of Identified Hazards

Vulnerability Assessment Overview by Hazard

Capabilities Assessment Update

Updating Goals for the Mitigation Plan

Mitigation Action Strategy update needs

Update on Public Involvement Activities/public meeting planning

Next Steps

Questions and Answers/Adjourn

Goals and Objectives from 2009 Plan for Review Goal 1: Provide Protection for People’s Lives from Hazards

Objective 1.1: Provide timely notification and direction to the public of imminent and potential hazards

Objective 1.2: Protect public health and safety by preparing for, responding to, and recovering from the effects of natural or technological disasters

Objective 1.3: Improve community transportation corridors to allow for better evacuation routes for the public and better access for emergency responders

Goal 2: Improve Communities’ Capabilities to Mitigate Hazards and Reduce Exposure to Hazard-Related Losses

Objective 2.1: Reduce wildfires/protect life, property, and natural resources from damaging wildfires

Objective 2.2: Reduce flood and storm-related losses

Objective 2.3: Reduce hazards that adversely impact the agricultural industry

Objective 2.4: Minimize the impact to the communities due to recurring drought conditions that impact both ground water supply and the agricultural industry

Objective 2.5: Minimize the risk/loss to endangered species, native plants, land (erosion), and native wildlife

Goal 3: Improve Community and Agency Awareness about Hazards and Associated Vulnerabilities that Threaten Fresno County Planning Area Communities

Objective 3.1: Increase public awareness about the nature and extent of hazards they are exposed to, where they occur, what is vulnerable, and recommended responses to identified hazards (i.e., both preparedness and response)

Goal 4: Provide Protection for Critical Facilities, Utilities, and Services from Hazard Impacts

Goal 5: Maintain Coordination of Disaster Planning

Objective 5.1: Coordinate with changing U.S. Department of Homeland Security/FEMA needs

Objective 5.2: Coordinate with other community plans

Objective 5.3: Maximize the use of shared resources between jurisdictions and special districts for mitigation/communication

Objective 5.4: Standardize systems among agencies to provide for better interoperability

Goal 6: Maintain/Provide for FEMA Eligibility and Work to Position Jurisdictions for Grant Funding

Objective 6.1: Provide County departments and other jurisdictions with information regarding mitigation opportunities

Objective 6.2: As part of plan implementation, review actions in this plan on an annual basis to be considered for annual FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation grant allocations or after a presidential disaster declaration in California for Hazard Mitigation Grant Program funding as well as for other local, state, and federal funding opportunities

SIGN-IN SHEET

FRESNO COUNTY MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE PROJECT

HMPC #2 - Risk Assessment and Goals Meeting Friday Oct 6, 2017 9:30am-12:00pm

Clovis Fire Headquarters 1233 Fifth St Clovis, CA

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Fresno County 1 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update

Summary of the Fresno County

Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update

Risk Assessment and Goals Meeting

October 6, 2017

9:30– 12 PM

Clovis Fire Headquarters EOC/Training Room 1233 Fifth Street Clovis, CA 93612

Introductions and Opening Remarks

Jeff Brislawn of Amec Foster Wheeler, the consulting firm hired to facilitate the plan

development process, began the meeting with welcoming remarks. Twenty eight persons

were present and documented on a sign in sheet.

Review of Mitigation, Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA) Requirements, and the

Planning Process

Following introductions a PowerPoint presentation was presented by Jeff Brislawn. Jeff

reviewed the planning process being followed and discussed the project status. Jeff

emphasized that jurisdictions that have not submitted a review and edit of their

jurisdictional annex to do so as soon as possible. New jurisdictions to the plan should also

submit information requested in the data collection guide to indicate their intent to

participate in the plan and provide a basis for the development of an annex.

Risk Assessment Presentation and Discussion

Jeff outlined the general risk assessment requirements before beginning a detailed

discussion of each hazard. He presented highlights on each hazard included in the updated

risk assessment chapter of the plan. Refer to the Fresno County HMP Risk Assessment

PowerPoint presentation for specific details on each hazard and a handout summarizing

hazard significance.

Additional insight and details were learned during the risk assessment conversation among

participants. Highlights of the discussion are noted by hazard in the table below.


Hazard or Topic Meeting Discussion Agricultural Hazards No comment

Avalanche No comment

Dam Failure The significance of this hazard could be changed from High to

Medium based on low probability. However, HMPC members are

concerned about the volume of water released from spillway

overflows, which can happen more frequently and did this year.

Drought It was suggested to look at vulnerability in both Tier I and Tier II

tree mortality areas.

Tree fall risk to campgrounds and recreating populations from May-

Oct should be noted; National Parks also.

Earthquake County is doing an assessment of conditions of county owned

buildings, not specific to earthquake but could have potentially

useful information. There has not been an inventory of

unreinforced masonry buildings done. The year built could be a

used as an indicator as older buildings built prior to modern

building codes could be more vulnerable.

Flood Levee failure has been added in the flood hazard profile

The levee and Fresno Slough was close to overtopping during runoff this year; came close to evacuation of residents in the area.

Subsidence has caused a 4’ drop on the Kings River Bypass levee

Drought has also enabled the buildup of silt and sediment, which reduces the design flows. There is a need to remove sediment and vegetation in some areas.

Potential for agricultural losses was noted

The county relies heavily on major flood control facilities for mitigation; the Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District mentioned they could provide an updated list of these.

Human Health Hazards: Pandemic

No comment.

Human Health Hazards: West Nile Virus

It was noted that Zika is a potential concern, but no evidence of it

yet in local mosquitos.

Landslide Hwy 164 corridor had issues a couples years ago that were being

addressed by CalTrans.

West side of county has highest potential

Removal of dead trees might make slopes more susceptible to

landslides and erosion

Huntington Lake Road was also noted as a problem area.

Severe Weather: Extreme Temperatures Fog Hailstorm Thunderstorm Lightning Tornado Windstorm Snow

Several sub-hazards of Severe Weather were discussed. Wind is a greater concern lately with potential to knock down trees weakened by drought and disease.

Soil Hazards: Erosion

Runoff and erosion in the Rough Fire burn scar has caused siltation in some reservoirs.

Soil Hazards: Land Subsidence

See comments in flood section regarding levee impacts. This hazard should be raised from low to medium significance.


Hazard or Topic Meeting Discussion Soil Hazards: Expansive soils

No comment

Volcano If ash falls on snow it could lead to rapid snowmelt which could have a cascading impact on dams (water quality) and possibly affect water availability (drought).

Wildfire Integration of priority landscapes from 2010 FRAP document discussed. Comment that the “rangeland” priority landscape should be included.

Hazardous Materials An updated inventory of hazardous materials facilities is being researched. The specific details on these may not be presented in the updated plan since it is a public document.

Capability Assessment Update

Jeff touched on some of the highlights of the capability assessment. Highlights include the

County and City of Fresno’s participation in the Community Rating System. The update

of the County’s General Plan will include a policy with direct reference to the HMP, and

will formally incorporate the HMP by reference.

Plan Goals Update

The HMPC reviewed the goals and objectives from the previous plan to see if they were

still relevant or needed updating. In general the group thought was they were still valid.

The HMPC also wanted to integrate more language related to resilience in Goal 2. Jeff

will revise Goal 2 per the suggestion and the group will revisit the goals for finalization at

the beginning of the next meeting.

Mitigation Action Strategy update needs

Jeff noted that the mitigation action strategy will be revisited moving forward and will be

the focus of the next HMPC meeting. Jeff recommended that the existing mitigation

actions be reviewed by the HMPC as a status report will need to be completed for each

action. Jeff will send out a worksheet to help facilitate the status reporting prior to the

next meeting. There will be an opportunity to develop new mitigation actions for the

plan as well. These will be identified at the next meeting.

Update on Public Involvement Activities/public meeting.

An online public survey will be developed as part of the public process; when ready the

link will be provided for distribution by email and posting on jurisdiction websites. A

public meeting will occur in November during the week the same timeframe as the next

HMPC meeting with details forthcoming.


Plan Timeline/Next steps

The next and final HMPC planning meeting will be during the week of November 13th.

The purpose of this meeting is to develop mitigation actions for the plan. Once a date has

been identified, a calendar update will be sent out to save the date. The meeting materials

will also be shared electronically, including the presentation and handouts.

The meeting adjourned at noon.

From: Brislawn, Jeff PSent: Wednesday, November 01, 2017 2:22 PMTo: [email protected]; [email protected];

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Cc: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; Purvis,Leslie

Subject: Public survey on Fresno County Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan updateand public meeting press release

Attachments: Fresno HMP Nov 16 Public meeting press release.docx A public survey has been developed as part of the public input process to the Fresno County HazardMitigation Plan update. Please distribute the link to the survey below broadly through local media or socialmedia outlets. I also recommend posting it on each jurisdiction’s homepage. Please document how thesurvey is advertised or shared by sending me an email. A press release for a public meeting on November

16th is also attached. The survey and public meeting are meant for the public and not for the HMPC; HMPCattendance at the public meeting is welcome but not required.Here is some suggested text to advertise the public survey when sharing the link: Input on hazards and hazard planning solicited:Fresno County is updating its Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan and is soliciting public input with ashort survey. The purpose of this survey is to collect information from the public and stakeholders to betterunderstand hazard vulnerabilities within the County as well as solicit input on needs to best mitigate, orreduce, the impacts of natural and human-caused hazards. Please complete this survey via the link below byNovember 30, 2017.https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FresnoHMP In addition, a public meeting will be held Thursday, November 16 from 6:00 to 9:00 pm at the Clovis VeteransMemorial District, 808 4th Street, Clovis, CA 93612. Attendees will learn more about the hazards andstrategies to mitigate them at this meeting. Public input is also being sought on these same topics at thismeeting.

Jeff BrislawnHazard Mitigation Lead/Sr AssociateAmec Foster WheelerEnvironment & Infrastructure/Hazard Mitigation and Emergency Management Program

1942 Broadw ay, Suite 314, Boulder CO, 80302

Direct 303-209-3781, mobile/cell 303-704-5506

jeff .brislaw n@w oodplc.com

w w w .amecfw .com w w w .w oodplc.com

As of 10-9-17 Amec Foster Wheeler’s corporate name is Wood due to acquisition by Wood Group.


2017 UPDATE

MITIGATION STRATEGY MEETING Thursday, November 16th, 2017

9:30 to noon Clovis Veterans Memorial District, 808 4th Street, Clovis, CA 93612

Introductions

Review of the Planning Process and HIRA Recap

Public survey interim results and public meeting

Finalizing Updated Goals

Review of possible mitigation activities and alternatives

Discuss criteria for mitigation action selection and prioritization

Review of progress on existing actions in the plan

Brainstorming Session: Development of new mitigation actions (group

process) Prioritize mitigation actions (group process)

Discuss plan implementation and maintenance

Discuss next steps/Questions and Answers/Adjourn

Public Notice Ad Public Meeting on the Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Location: Clovis Veterans Memorial District, 808 4th Street, Clovis, CA 93612 Thursday, November 16th, 2017 at 6:00-9:00 pm. In recent months California and the U.S. has experienced significant natural disasters. Would you like to learn more about hazards that could impact Fresno County including floods, dam failures, wildfires, drought, and other hazards? A public forum to discuss these hazards, and how the County is proposing to mitigate or lessen their impact, will be held November 16th. The Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan is being updated under the guidance of a multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee (HMPC) with assistance from a consultant and a FEMA grant. Attendees will learn more about the hazards and strategies to mitigate them at this meeting. Public input is also being sought on these same topics at this meeting. A short public survey related to the plan update can be accessed at: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FresnoHMP

Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan Public survey November 2017

Online version can be found at https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FresnoHMP

1

Background: Fresno County is updating its Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan in 2017 per the five-year update cycle required by FEMA and the federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. The purpose of this survey is to collect information from the public and stakeholders to better understand the vulnerabilities within the County and solicit input on how to best mitigate, or reduce, the impacts of natural disasters. Please complete this survey by November 30, 2017. 1. The hazards addressed in the Hazard Mitigation Plan are listed below. Please indicate the level of significance in your community that you perceive for each hazard. Please rate these hazards 1 through 3 as follows: 1=low, 2=moderate, 3=high.

___ Severe Weather: Extreme Temperatures ___ Severe Weather: Fog ___ Severe Weather: Heavy Rain / Thunderstorm /

Hail / Lightning ___ Severe Weather: Snow

___ Severe Weather: Tornado ___ Agricultural Hazards ___ Avalanche ___ Dam Failure ___ Drought ___ Tree Mortality ___ Earthquake ___ Flood ___ Human Health Hazards: Epidemic/Pandemic ___ Human Health Hazards: West Nile Virus ___ Landslide ___ Soil Hazards: Erosion ___ Soil Hazards: Expansive or Swelling Soils ___ Soil Hazards: Land Subsidence ___ Volcano ___ Wildfire ___ Windstorm

2. Do you have information on specific hazard issues/problem areas that you would like the planning committee to consider? Note the jurisdiction to which it applies: 3. The following types of mitigation actions may be considered in the plan. Please place a check next to the types of mitigation actions that you think should have the highest priority in the plan.

Wildfire fuels treatment projects Assistance with defensible space Continued participation in the National Flood

Insurance Program Critical facilities protection Generators for critical facilities Planning/Zoning Public education/awareness Hazardous tree removal

Stormwater drainage improvements Forest health/watershed protection Flood mitigation Education and discounts on flood insurance Floodprone property buyout Warning and notification systems Landslide/mudslide mitigation Evacuation route development

Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan Public survey November 2017

Online version can be found at https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FresnoHMP

2

4. Please comment on any other pre-disaster strategies that the planning committee should consider for reducing future losses caused by natural disasters. 5. How would you describe the region where you reside?

San Joaquin Valley Sierra Nevada Mountains / Foothills

Western Coastal Range Other: _________________________________

6. Indicate the community where you live:

Unincorporated County City of Coalinga City of Fowler City of Huron City of Kingsburg City of Orange Cove City of Reedley City of Sanger Other: ________________________________

City of Clovis City of Firebaugh City of Fresno City of Kerman City of Mendota City of Parlier City of San Joaquin City of Selma

7. Please indicate the type of environment you reside in:

Grassland/plains Urban River/riparian

Forest Suburban Other: _________________________________

8. Optional: Provide your name and email address if you would like to be added to a distribution list for upcoming activities related to the planning process.

Name: ______________________________________ Email: _______________________________________

Please return survey responses by November 30, 2017 to Leslie Purvis, LEP

Amec Foster Wheeler/Wood plc 1281 East Alluvial Avenue, Suite 101

Fresno, CA 93720 [email protected]

559-892-2921

Q1 The hazards addressed in the Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan updateare listed below. Please indicate the level ofsignificance in the County

that you perceive for each hazard.Answered: 183 Skipped: 1

SevereWeather:...

SevereWeather: Fog

SevereWeather: hea...

SevereWeather: Snow

SevereWeather:...

AgriculturalHazards

1 / 16

Fresno County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Public Input Survey

Avalanche

Dam Failure

Drought

Tree Mortality

Earthquake

Flood

Human HealthHazards:...

2 / 16


Human HealthHazards: Wes...

Landslide

Soil Hazards:Erosion

Soil HazardsExpansive or...

Soil Hazards:Land Subsidence

Volcano

Wildfire

3 / 16


11.73%21

27.37%49

60.89%109

179

13.97%25

33.52%60

52.51%94

179

37.02%67

45.86%83

17.13%31

181

78.89%142

15.00%27

6.11%11

180

90.50%162

6.70%12

2.79%5

179

20.56%37

44.44%80

35.00%63

180

88.76%158

8.43%15

2.81%5

178

35.75%64

35.75%64

28.49%51

179

6.67%12

16.67%30

76.67%138

180

12.29%22

23.46%42

64.25%115

179

29.28%53

45.30%82

25.41%46

181

33.71%60

49.44%88

16.85%30

178

21.67%39

46.11%83

32.22%58

180

25.41%46

50.28%91

24.31%44

181

70.39%126

25.14%45

4.47%8

179

50.84%91

32.40%58

16.76%30

179

65.73%117

28.09%50

6.18%11

178

Low Moderate High

Windstorm

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

LOW MODERATE HIGH TOTAL

Severe Weather: Extreme Temperatures

Severe Weather: Fog

Severe Weather: heavy Rain/Thunderstorm/Hail/Lightning

Severe Weather: Snow

Severe Weather: Tornado

Agricultural Hazards

Avalanche

Dam Failure

Drought

Tree Mortality

Earthquake

Flood

Human Health Hazards: Epidemic/Pandemic

Human Health Hazards: West Nile Virus

Landslide

Soil Hazards: Erosion

Soil Hazards Expansive or Swelling Soils

4 / 16


53.11%94

32.77%58

14.12%25

177

87.15%156

9.50%17

3.35%6

179

10.00%18

27.22%49

62.78%113

180

49.15%87

39.55%70

11.30%20

177

Soil Hazards: Land Subsidence

Volcano

Wildfire

Windstorm

Q2 Do you have information on specific hazard issues/problem areas thatyou would like the planning committee to consider? Note the jurisdiction

to which it applies:Answered: 60 Skipped: 124

# RESPONSES DATE

1 fires 1/11/2018 11:10 AM

2 NO 1/5/2018 10:35 AM

3 Civil disobedience 1/1/2018 10:53 PM

4 North Korea nuke attack 12/12/2017 2:45 PM

5 Yes. Along Dinkey Creek Road east of Hwy 168 11/27/2017 8:36 PM

6 Wildfires- Foothills 11/27/2017 10:11 AM

7 no 11/26/2017 10:07 PM

8 Wildfire mitigation (foothills) 11/24/2017 11:52 AM

9 Fire Protection, Fresno County Fire Protection District 11/19/2017 8:36 AM

10 none 11/17/2017 9:43 AM

11 OES - If the Long Valley Caldera etc. should have an event during a heavy snow year, I've heardthat the ash fall could result in a catastrophic melt/flood scenario.

11/17/2017 5:14 AM

12 Trucking/railway on highways 11/16/2017 8:42 PM

13 handling "mass" > than say 12 casulties cause by the same problem 11/16/2017 5:18 PM

14 Drought. Lawns should be outlawed, period. Trees and drought-tolerant landscapes only. 11/16/2017 12:17 PM

15 United States Coast Guard Auxiliary (Fire/Water/Disasters,etc( 11/16/2017 11:37 AM

16 Climate change and its ability to increase current hazards 11/15/2017 12:41 PM

17 No 11/15/2017 8:57 AM

18 terroist activities, Sheriff 11/14/2017 9:55 PM

19 Emergency Safe drinking supply - Northeast Fresno County, Orange Cove 11/14/2017 5:46 PM

20 no 11/14/2017 11:28 AM

21 Fresno City-Gang/riots/social unrest 11/14/2017 11:01 AM

22 No 11/10/2017 10:24 PM

23 Fresno County 11/10/2017 10:12 PM

24 No 11/10/2017 12:34 PM

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25 Worse 24-7 biting mosquitoes after July 2017Release of altered mosquitoes, which drifted, re-colonized throughout SE Fresno causing UNNECESSARY pain to an area that had never had aMosquito problem to begin with. We've had to seek doctor's mosquito bite infection advice on thevery young and our adult selves! We have had very wet rainy seasons in the past without mosquitoproblems, that we had to endure this summer into autumn, unnecessarily. When you release a"questionable" live flying mating entity into a "nearby" population that unites with additionalneighborhoods, your going to get overwhelming "drift, relocation, re-colonization." We were neverasked our permission to be "experimented on" before the "Release!" Please protect ourneighborhood families from further experimentation with latent issues maybe down the road.

11/10/2017 11:37 AM

26 Keep the rivers clean of debre so the water can flow 11/10/2017 10:14 AM

27 No. 11/10/2017 8:46 AM

28 wild fires, Fresno county and hill sides surrounded. 11/10/2017 7:51 AM

29 Highway 180 corridor, eastern Fresno County 11/9/2017 4:02 PM

30 Fires, road erosion, flooding mountain areas like Squaw Valley; dam/levee problems includingouter areas of Mendota etc.

11/7/2017 8:55 PM

31 Wildfires, drought 11/7/2017 8:27 PM

32 Not at this time. 11/7/2017 10:34 AM

33 Dam Failure 11/6/2017 3:29 PM

34 No 11/6/2017 2:30 PM

35 Dust/visual imparment/respiratory imparment created from ag field plowing/discing 11/5/2017 10:32 PM

36 Canal breech in the valley 11/4/2017 6:53 AM

37 Power outage 11/4/2017 5:41 AM

38 N/A 11/3/2017 3:46 PM

39 Rising use and abuse of opioids 11/3/2017 3:19 PM

40 agressive homeless people 11/3/2017 10:28 AM

41 None at this time, thank you 11/3/2017 8:15 AM

42 No 11/3/2017 7:22 AM

43 Widespread and extended time of power outage. 11/3/2017 1:41 AM

44 No 11/2/2017 11:12 PM

45 Brown water coming from the older drinking fountains at Fresno High School 11/2/2017 9:28 PM

46 Dry Creek is under ground in my neighborhood, which doesn't seem safe for a waterway that canflood

11/2/2017 9:26 PM

47 He flooding during intense rain. Our current drainage system can’t keep up with it. 11/2/2017 4:52 PM

48 None 11/2/2017 4:11 PM

49 Foot hills 11/2/2017 3:01 PM

50 No 11/2/2017 2:12 PM

51 N/A 11/2/2017 2:09 PM

52 Pesticides and production chemicals 11/2/2017 1:58 PM

53 Fire like they had in Santa Rosa 11/2/2017 1:48 PM

54 Flooding on the freeways during an intense storm, specifically highway 168 between shields andhighway 180

11/2/2017 12:54 PM

55 Dams 11/2/2017 12:45 PM

56 Power lines falling & outage; fire; high winds 11/2/2017 12:42 PM

57 No 11/2/2017 12:33 PM

58 Drought Selma 11/1/2017 3:56 PM

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59 no 10/31/2017 4:41 PM

60 Wildfires in the foothills/shaver area, Drought conditions along most of the western half of thecounty located further off the San Joaquin river, ground water well depth(ever increasing, we willneed to address soon)

10/31/2017 1:44 PM

Q3 The following types of mitigation actions may be considered in FresnoCounty. Please indicate the types of mitigation actions that you thinkshould have the highest priority in the updated Fresno County Multi-

Hazard Mitigation Plan.Answered: 157 Skipped: 27

7 / 16


60.51% 95

Wildfire FuelsTreatment...

Assistancewith Defensi...

ContinuedParticipatio...

CriticalFacilities...

Generators forcritical...

Planning/Zoning

PublicEducation/Aw...

StormwaterDrainage...

ForestHealth/Water...

FloodMitigation

Education andDiscounts on...

FloodproneProperty Buyout

PublicEducation /...

Warning andNotification...

FloodproneProperty Buyout

Landslide/mudslide mitigation

Evacuationroute...

Hazardous TreeRemoval

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES

Wildfire Fuels Treatment projects

8 / 16


26.75% 42

33.76% 53

45.22% 71

55.41% 87

28.66% 45

54.14% 85

39.49% 62

43.95% 69

29.30% 46

18.47% 29

6.37% 10

51.59% 81

59.24% 93

3.82% 6

7.64% 12

56.69% 89

61.15% 96

Total Respondents: 157

Assistance with Defensible Space

Continued Participation in the National Flood Insurance Program

Critical Facilities Protection

Generators for critical facilities

Planning/Zoning

Public Education/Awareness

Stormwater Drainage Improvements

Forest Health/Watershed Protection

Flood Mitigation

Education and Discounts on Flood Insurance

Floodprone Property Buyout

Public Education / Awareness of hazards

Warning and Notification Systems (Indoor and Outdoor)

Floodprone Property Buyout

Landslide/mudslide mitigation

Evacuation route development

Hazardous Tree Removal

Q4 Please comment on any other pre-disaster strategies that theplanning committee should consider for reducing future losses caused by

natural disasters:Answered: 44 Skipped: 140

# RESPONSES DATE

1 power grid outage - aging of systems and less $ because of emphasis on solar 1/12/2018 7:27 AM

2 fire 1/11/2018 11:11 AM

3 Abandoned dwelling abatement 1/1/2018 10:58 PM

4 Removing dead trees along roads. Reverse 911. Evacuation plans/notifications 11/27/2017 8:39 PM

5 Education, Evacuation Plans 11/27/2017 10:12 AM

6 public health, infection control 11/26/2017 10:07 PM

7 collaboration with Federal agencies (i.e. Forest, Park) 11/24/2017 11:53 AM

8 Volcano education. Mammoth mountain 11/21/2017 10:10 AM

9 Public awareness needs to be increased to the risks from natural hazards, everyone thinks "It cannot happen here" as we watch increases in natural disasters around the world.

11/18/2017 8:55 AM

10 Due to wildfires- remove dry/old trees 11/17/2017 9:48 AM

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11 Globally, heat kills far more people than cold. Heat "storms" affect the elderly & low incomedisproportionately more than other groups. A volunteer cadre should be at the ready to assist withnotifications/transportation to cooling centers.

11/17/2017 5:17 AM

12 Education on fighting floods. Every film crew shows people sandbagging incorrectly 11/16/2017 8:47 PM

13 continue to clear dead trees 11/16/2017 5:20 PM

14 I think drought and extreme high temperatures are our biggest threats. We must faithfully practicewater conservation even when not technically in drought. Farmers should not be allowed to floodtheir fields as an irrigation practice.

11/16/2017 12:22 PM

15 Involvement from local hospital representatives, etc. 11/16/2017 11:42 AM

16 Strict zoning to prevent development in historic fire- & flood-prone areas 11/15/2017 2:38 PM

17 Local agency communication and plans. Local agencies need to have staff trained on their dutieswhen a disaster happens. The worst things that could happen is having a great plan in place thatno one knows how to adequately execute.

11/15/2017 12:43 PM

18 Expand on your emergency disaster preparedness awareness campaign to the public. Make itongoing on radio, social media, TV, etc.

11/14/2017 5:48 PM

19 Gov't experiments unknown to public, cloud seeding, etc. weather weponry testing. 11/14/2017 11:03 AM

20 Public education/workshops for emergency preparedness 11/14/2017 9:52 AM

21 ? 11/10/2017 10:25 PM

22 Staying updated proactive on social media, particularly Twitter since it's short, quick, and in realtime.

11/10/2017 10:18 PM

23 Proper forest management of under brush. 11/10/2017 8:50 AM

24 Continue to be engaged with the Tribal Summit Emergency Management Planning efforts for2018.

11/9/2017 4:05 PM

25 Public meetings in all communities, educational materials for public, more surveys such as this,sharing with the public the results of surveys

11/7/2017 9:03 PM

26 Wildfires 11/7/2017 8:29 PM

27 Work w/ CA National Gd to stop dumping of hazardous fuels that can start or intensify wildfires 11/7/2017 10:38 AM

28 none 11/6/2017 2:31 PM

29 N/A 11/3/2017 3:47 PM

30 containment of illegal immigrants 11/3/2017 10:30 AM

31 None at this time 11/3/2017 8:16 AM

32 A routing map on how to get out of city by sections of town 11/2/2017 11:13 PM

33 Pandemics 11/2/2017 9:31 PM

34 None 11/2/2017 4:12 PM

35 Communication 11/2/2017 3:02 PM

36 During the last mud/rockslide that closed the Grapevine, CHP closed The 5 and routed all trafficheaded to Los Angeles over Tehachapi. However, as early as 4 pm on the day of the closure,motorists who took this route were posting warnings of being caught in mud/rockslides and tellingothers to NOT take this route or they would become trapped. Unfortunately the CHP continued todirect traffic over Tehachapi - a move that would prove to cause injuries and fatalities. They did notclose that route until 9 pm that night. When I called them to ask why, the answer was "When weclose one road to L.A. We need to leave another one open to avoid traffic jams." This just spellsdisaster to me - especially in the case of a potential widespread disaster where EVERYONE istrying to escape something. Better communication between agencies and the public - andreasonable protocols - are needed.

11/2/2017 2:22 PM

37 N/A 11/2/2017 2:11 PM

38 Forest health and management 11/2/2017 2:00 PM

39 Fires 11/2/2017 1:49 PM

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40 Ag losses due to climate change. Water conservation. 11/2/2017 1:03 PM

41 Wildfires are a huge problem during the summer, we need to better prevent them from happening. 11/2/2017 12:58 PM

42 Please consider limiting people to how much concrete they put in yards. We have major floodingproblems because the water can’t penitrate the ground. This includes fake grass installments.

11/2/2017 12:57 PM

43 Shelters 11/2/2017 12:43 PM

44 Allocate funds set aside on yearly basis to essentially make a safety account for expected eventsin the future.

10/31/2017 1:47 PM

91.67% 143

5.77% 9

0.00% 0

2.56% 4

Q5 How would you describe the region where you reside?Answered: 156 Skipped: 28

TOTAL 156

# OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY) DATE

1 residential 1/12/2018 8:29 AM

2 City of Fresno 11/16/2017 5:21 PM

3 Fresno/Clovis, California 11/16/2017 11:43 AM

4 In Clovis, near the foothills 11/2/2017 1:00 PM

San JoaquinValley

Sierra NevadaMountains/Fo...

WesternCoastal Range

Other (pleasespecify)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%


San Joaquin Valley

Sierra Nevada Mountains/Foothills

Western Coastal Range

Other (please specify)

Q6 Indicate the community where you liveAnswered: 157 Skipped: 27

11 / 16


11.46% 18

31.85% 50

0.00% 0

UnincorporatedCounty

City of Clovis

City ofCoalinga

City ofFirebaugh

City of Fowler

City of Fresno

City of Huron

City of Kerman

City ofKingsburg

City of Mendota

City of OrangeCove

City of Parlier

City of Reedley

City of SanJoaquin

City of Sanger

City of Selma


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%


Unincorporated County

City of Clovis

City of Coalinga

12 / 16


0.00% 0

1.27% 2

46.50% 73

0.00% 0

0.64% 1

0.00% 0

0.00% 0

0.64% 1

0.00% 0

1.91% 3

0.00% 0

0.64% 1

0.64% 1

4.46% 7

TOTAL 157


1 auberry 1/11/2018 11:12 AM

2 County island in fresno 1/1/2018 10:59 PM

3 Patrol Lake Millerton/Pine Flat Lakes 11/16/2017 11:45 AM

4 city of Los Banos 11/15/2017 7:56 AM

5 Dunlap 11/9/2017 4:06 PM

6 Hanford 11/6/2017 2:32 PM

7 highway city 11/3/2017 10:31 AM

City of Firebaugh

City of Fowler

City of Fresno

City of Huron

City of Kerman

City of Kingsburg

City of Mendota

City of Orange Cove

City of Parlier

City of Reedley

City of San Joaquin

City of Sanger

City of Selma


Q7 Please indicate the type of environment you reside in.Answered: 155 Skipped: 29

13 / 16


2.58% 4

3.23% 5

34.19% 53

56.77% 88

0.00% 0

4.52% 7

Total Respondents: 155


1 Farmland 11/15/2017 11:43 PM

2 Rural 11/14/2017 5:49 PM

3 Lower foothills 11/10/2017 10:19 PM

4 Foothills 11/9/2017 4:06 PM

5 Rural 11/7/2017 9:05 PM

6 Metro 11/4/2017 5:02 AM

7 Agriculturally developed plains/basin 10/31/2017 1:48 PM

Grassland/plains

Forest

Urban

Suburban

River/Riparian


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%


Grassland/plains

Forest

Urban

Suburban

River/Riparian


Q8 Optional: Provide your name and email address if you would like to beadded to a distribution list for upcoming activities related to the planning

process:Answered: 49 Skipped: 135

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Fresno County Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update

Available for Public Review and Comment

Would you like to learn more about what Fresno County is doing to minimize the impacts of floods, dam failures, wildfires, drought, and other hazards? A draft of the updated Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan is being made available for public review and comment. The plan assesses risks posed by natural and man-made hazards, identifies ways to reduce those risks, and allows the County and participating jurisdictions to be eligible for mitigation grant funding from FEMA. A multi-jurisdictional planning team, including representatives from 13 municipalities, developed the plan over the past 9 months with assistance from a consultant. The County is now soliciting public comment on the plan before it is finalized and submitted for FEMA review and approval. The comment period will be April 16-31, 2018. The plan and comment form are available at www.fcdph.org/oes.

For more information, contact the Fresno County Office of Emergency Services at (559) 600-4065.

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