Apostolos Vlyssidis - NTUA
-
Upload
erfc -
Category
Environment
-
view
35 -
download
0
Transcript of Apostolos Vlyssidis - NTUA
Sustainable and effective utilization of olive mill wastes by applying physicochemical and biological
processes
A.G. Vlyssides, professorNational Technical University of Athens
Chemical Engineering Department
World wide olive oil productionWorld wide olive oil production
Europe Africa Asia America
84%
8.5% 5.5%2%
Greek situationGreek situation
The olives and olive oil are inextricable part of Greek The olives and olive oil are inextricable part of Greek culture culture
In Greece there are 150.000.000 olive trees cultivated In Greece there are 150.000.000 olive trees cultivated in 765.000 hectarein 765.000 hectare
The yearly production of each tree rises up to 300 kg The yearly production of each tree rises up to 300 kg of olivesof olives
The 1/3 of Greek farmers are working on cultivation The 1/3 of Greek farmers are working on cultivation of olivesof olives
Olives and olive oil production in Greece rise up Olives and olive oil production in Greece rise up 1.750.000 tn and 400.000 tn respectively1.750.000 tn and 400.000 tn respectively
Situation in GreeceSituation in Greece
INSTALLATIONSINSTALLATIONS 2,633 olive oil mills2,633 olive oil mills
2,152 centrifugal systems (mostly 3-phases)2,152 centrifugal systems (mostly 3-phases) 481 traditional (pressure squeezing)481 traditional (pressure squeezing)
20 pomace processing plants20 pomace processing plants
OL IVE M ILL-ΙΙΙ ph ases
10 t n ol ives0
134.4 tn wat er
21.4 t n oli ve oi l
49.6 t n po ma ce
163.4 t n wa stewa ter
To t al Solid s 6 3.5 ( TS) g/ lTo t al Susp en de d Sol ids ( TSS) 2.8 g /lTo t al Volat ile Sol ids ( TVS) 5 7.37 g /lAs h g /l6.13 To t al Organ ic C arb on TO C) 3 9.82 g /l (To t al Organ ic N it rog en g /l (Τ ΚΝ ) 0.76 To t al Pho sp ho rus P O g /l ( ) 0.5 3 2 5
p H 4.8BO D 45.5 g /l5
CO D 92. 5 g/ lo live o il 15 g/lCo n du ct ivit y mmh os/ cm 12 To t al Phen o lic Co mpo un d s TPCs) 10.65 g/l (Po tasiu m g /l (Κ Ο) 2.37 2
Dry mate r ( DM ) 22.4 t nTo ta l Org an ic Carb on ( TO C) 9. 5 tnkern el o il 1 t n
Proper characteristics for any success treatment method
•To be technical effective•To be integrated•To be feasible •To meet all Environmental limits
DETOXIFICATION USING Fenton REAGENTS BEFOR ANY BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT
BasicBasic Fenton ReactionFenton Reaction
Fe Fe 22 + H + H22OO22 → Fe → Fe 33 + + ΗΗOO + + ΗΟΗΟ
Optimum results for %TPC reduction
Maximum reduction TPC∞ = 92
% Conditions:
Initial conc of H2O2 : 3.037
g/l Initial conc of Fe++ : 0.44
g/lpH : 0.86Temperature oC : 21.3
οC
Lab scale UASB type continuous operation anaerobic digester for methane production from oxidized OMWW
Optimum results for Kmax
Maximum kmax= 0.9 m3 of CH4/kg of VSS/d
conditions:
Initial conc of H2O2 : 3.2 g/l Initial conc of Fe++ : 0.06 g/lpH : 1.75Τ : 15.7 οC
Characteristics of the soil conditioner
Parameter Value Limitations
Water Holding Capasity 248 g/L >150
Germination Intex 235 % >100
ratio C/N 17.9 >15
Organic mater 85.5% >60
Ash 12.2% <25
Organic Carbon 43.5% >30
Total Nitrogen 2.42% >1
Total phosphorous 1.78 g/kg >0.35
Cationic Echange Capasity (CEC) 62 meq/100g >50
Humic compounds 40.5 % >25
pH 7.8 6.5-8.5
Cultivation of grapesCultivation of grapes
Grape for Grape for wine wine
makingmaking
0% and 0% and 10%10% mixture of mixture of with conventional soilwith conventional soil
Comparison after two Comparison after two months cultivation months cultivation
Conclusions
• The fenton oxidation is a key for effective detoxification of OMWW
• After detoxification the anaerobic digestion could be used for energy production
• The proper combination of detoxified and anaerobicaly treated OMWW with the solid wastes of Olive Mills in a co-composting process could give an effective, feasible and integrated method for OMWW green management