Apostolos Vlyssidis - NTUA

26
Sustainable and effective utilization of olive mill wastes by applying physicochemical and biological processes A.G. Vlyssides, professor Naonal Technical University of Athens Chemical Engineering Department

Transcript of Apostolos Vlyssidis - NTUA

Sustainable and effective utilization of olive mill wastes by applying physicochemical and biological

processes

A.G. Vlyssides, professorNational Technical University of Athens

Chemical Engineering Department

World wide olive oil productionWorld wide olive oil production

Europe Africa Asia America

84%

8.5% 5.5%2%

European Olive Oil ProductionEuropean Olive Oil Production

4 2 %

2 0 % 1 8 % 2 0 %

Greek situationGreek situation

The olives and olive oil are inextricable part of Greek The olives and olive oil are inextricable part of Greek culture culture

In Greece there are 150.000.000 olive trees cultivated In Greece there are 150.000.000 olive trees cultivated in 765.000 hectarein 765.000 hectare

The yearly production of each tree rises up to 300 kg The yearly production of each tree rises up to 300 kg of olivesof olives

The 1/3 of Greek farmers are working on cultivation The 1/3 of Greek farmers are working on cultivation of olivesof olives

Olives and olive oil production in Greece rise up Olives and olive oil production in Greece rise up 1.750.000 tn and 400.000 tn respectively1.750.000 tn and 400.000 tn respectively

Situation in GreeceSituation in Greece

INSTALLATIONSINSTALLATIONS 2,633 olive oil mills2,633 olive oil mills

2,152 centrifugal systems (mostly 3-phases)2,152 centrifugal systems (mostly 3-phases) 481 traditional (pressure squeezing)481 traditional (pressure squeezing)

20 pomace processing plants20 pomace processing plants

OL IVE M ILL-ΙΙΙ ph ases

10 t n ol ives0

134.4 tn wat er

21.4 t n oli ve oi l

49.6 t n po ma ce

163.4 t n wa stewa ter

To t al Solid s 6 3.5 ( TS) g/ lTo t al Susp en de d Sol ids ( TSS) 2.8 g /lTo t al Volat ile Sol ids ( TVS) 5 7.37 g /lAs h g /l6.13 To t al Organ ic C arb on TO C) 3 9.82 g /l (To t al Organ ic N it rog en g /l (Τ ΚΝ ) 0.76 To t al Pho sp ho rus P O g /l ( ) 0.5 3 2 5

p H 4.8BO D 45.5 g /l5

CO D 92. 5 g/ lo live o il 15 g/lCo n du ct ivit y mmh os/ cm 12 To t al Phen o lic Co mpo un d s TPCs) 10.65 g/l (Po tasiu m g /l (Κ Ο) 2.37 2

Dry mate r ( DM ) 22.4 t nTo ta l Org an ic Carb on ( TO C) 9. 5 tnkern el o il 1 t n

Proper characteristics for any success treatment method

•To be technical effective•To be integrated•To be feasible •To meet all Environmental limits

Marketable byproducts from OMW

•Waste olive oil•energy•antioxidants•Soil conditioner

DETOXIFICATION USING Fenton REAGENTS BEFOR ANY BIOLOGICAL

TREATMENT

BasicBasic Fenton ReactionFenton Reaction

Fe Fe 22 + H + H22OO22 → Fe → Fe 33 + + ΗΗOO + + ΗΟΗΟ

Laboratory scale apparatus for Laboratory scale apparatus for chemical oxidation chemical oxidation

Laboratory scale apparatus for anaerobic digestion activity determination

Optimum results for %TPC reduction

Maximum reduction TPC∞ = 92

% Conditions:

Initial conc of H2O2 : 3.037

g/l Initial conc of Fe++ : 0.44

g/lpH : 0.86Temperature  oC : 21.3

οC

Lab scale UASB type continuous operation anaerobic digester for methane production from oxidized OMWW

Optimum results for Kmax

Maximum  kmax= 0.9 m3  of  CH4/kg  of VSS/d

                     conditions:

Initial conc  of H2O2 : 3.2 g/l Initial conc of Fe++ : 0.06 g/lpH : 1.75Τ : 15.7 οC

BIOREFINARY FOR OLIVE WASTES TOTALLY UTILIZATION

Olive extraction from OMWW

Waste olive oil collection from OMWW

Pilot scale anaerobic digestion of OMWW

Biogas flare

Co-composting of solids with liquid Olive Mill wastes

Characteristics of the soil conditioner

Parameter Value Limitations

Water Holding Capasity 248 g/L >150

Germination Intex 235 % >100

ratio C/N 17.9 >15

Organic mater 85.5% >60

Ash 12.2% <25

Organic Carbon 43.5% >30

Total Nitrogen 2.42% >1

Total phosphorous 1.78 g/kg >0.35

Cationic Echange Capasity (CEC) 62 meq/100g >50

Humic compounds 40.5 % >25

pH 7.8 6.5-8.5

Cultivation of grapesCultivation of grapes

Grape for Grape for wine wine

makingmaking

0% and 0% and 10%10% mixture of mixture of with conventional soilwith conventional soil

Comparison after two Comparison after two months cultivation months cultivation

Basic concept of sustainability of olive cultivation

Annual mass balance of proposed integrated method for a normal capacity Greek Olive Oil Mill

Conclusions

• The fenton oxidation is a key for effective detoxification of OMWW

• After detoxification the anaerobic digestion could be used for energy production

• The proper combination of detoxified and anaerobicaly treated OMWW with the solid wastes of Olive Mills in a co-composting process could give an effective, feasible and integrated method for OMWW green management

Thank you for your attention