Apache ppt
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APACHE
An open source web server. Mostly for Unix, Linux and
Solaris platforms
Apache is the most popular web server on the net.
It is very secure, fast, and reliable.
The name "Apache" derives from the word "patchy"
that the Apache developers used to describe early
versions of their software.
FEATURES
Implements many frequently requested features, including:
DBM databases for authentication
Customized responses to errors and problems
Virtual Hosts
Multiple DirectoryIndex directives
It has been tested thoroughly by both developers and users.
APACHE WEB SERVER
It provides a full range of Web server features,
including CGI, SSL, and virtual domains.It also
supports plug-in modules for extensibility.
The Apache Web Server has
HTTP
IIS
SSL
The Apache Web server has been ported to Windows and
other network operating systems (NOS).
The Apache HTTP Server is web server software
notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of
the World Wide Web.
HTTP is an Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
It provides a standard for Web browsers and servers to
communicate.
The definition of HTTP is a technical specification of a
network protocol that software must implement.
HTTP is an application layer network protocol built on top
of TCP.
HTTP
HTTP clients (such as Web browsers) and servers
communicate via HTTP request and response messages.
The three main HTTP message types are
GET, POST, and HEAD.
HTTP utilizes TCP port 80 by default
Though other ports such as 8080 can alternatively be used.
The HTTP also includes
ARPAddress Resolution Protocol
DHCPDynamic Host Configuration Protocol
FTPFile Transfer Protocol
ARP
ARP converts an Internet Protocol (IP) address to its
corresponding physical network address.
ARP is a lowlevel network protocol, operating at Layer
2 of the OSI model.
ARP is implemented usually in the device drivers of
network operating systems.
It is most commonly seen on Ethernet networks, ATM,
Token Ring, and other physical networks.
DHCP
DHCP allows a computer to join an IP-based network without having a pre-configured IP address.
DHCP is a protocol that assigns unique IP addresses to devices, then releases and renews these addresses as devices leave and re-join the network.
FTP
FTP allows you to transfer files between two computers on the Internet.
FTP is a simple network protocol based on Internet Protocol.
SSL
Secure Sockets Layer
SSL security technology helps to improve the safety
of Internet communications.
SSL is a standard for encrypted client/server
communication between network devices.
A network protocol, SSL runs on top of TCP/IP.
SSL utilizes several standard network security techniques
including public keys, symmetric keys, and certificates.
Web sites commonly use SSL to guard private
information such as credit card numbers.
CONFIGURATION
Instead of using a pointandclick graphic user
interface (GUI) or Windows Registry keys as
most other modern software packages, Apache
generally relies on simple text files for its
configuration settings.
Configuring FilesApache uses a system of three text files for managing
its configuration data.
All three of these files (almost always) appear in
Apache's ./conf directory and are designed to be
edited by system administrators:
httpd.conf for general settings
srm.conf for resource settings
access.conf for security settings
In the most recent versions of Apache, the default installation has changed.
The httpd.conf is treated as the "master" configuration file and it contains all of the settings.
Both srm.conf and access.conf still exist in the installation, but they contain no settings and are empty except for some comments.
Like many UNIXstyle programs, Apache will not reread the .conf files after the Web server starts running.
After making changes, an administrator must restart Apache for the new settings to take effect.
Inside Httpd.conf
The httpd.conf contained general settings such as
the ServerName and Port number.
These entries appear as follows in the file:
ServerName compnetworking.about.com
Port 80
The term "httpd" stands for HTTP Daemon.
This file contains a number of other entries (technically
called directives), but for most of these, modifications
are optional.
The most useful of these entries is ServerAdmin it
allows the administrator to set the email address that
will be displayed on error pages (such a "404 pages")
in the client's browser, giving users a way to contact
someone if a site problem occurs:
ServerAdmin [email protected]
Running Apache
Apache does not run from the inetd super server as many
other network servers do.
It is configured to run standalone for better performance for
incoming HTTP requests from client web browsers.
A shell script wrapper is included to make starting,
stopping, and restarting the server as simple as possible.
To start up Apache for the first time, just run:
# /usr/local/sbin/apachectl start
You can stop the server at any time by typing:
# /usr/local/sbin/apachectl stop
After making changes to the configuration file for any
reason, you will need to restart the server:
# /usr/local/sbin/apachectl restart
To restart Apache without aborting current connections,
run:
# /usr/local/sbin/apachectl graceful
*The family of .conf files supports most,
but not all of Apache's configuration options.
*Other important mechanisms for managing an
Apache Web server include the
.htaccess file,
the mime.types file,
and the family of log files.