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Apache HTTP Server

The Apache HTTP Server, colloquially called Apache(/əˈpætʃiː/ ə-PA-chee), is the world’s most used webserver software. Originally based on the NCSA HTTPdserver, development of Apache began in early 1995 af-ter work on the NCSA code stalled. Apache played akey role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web,[4]

quickly overtaking NCSA HTTPd as the dominant HTTPserver, and has remained most popular since April 1996.In 2009, it became the first web server software to servemore than 100 million websites.[5]

Apache is developed and maintained by an open com-munity of developers under the auspices of the ApacheSoftware Foundation. Most commonly used on a Unix-like system (usually Linux),[6] the software is availablefor a wide variety of operating systems besides Unix,including eComStation, Microsoft Windows, NetWare,OpenVMS, OS/2, and TPF. Released under the ApacheLicense, Apache is free and open-source software.

As of November 2015, Apache was estimated to serve50% of all active websites and 37% of the top serversacross all domains.[7]

1 Name

According to the FAQ in the Apache project website, thename Apache was chosen out of respect to the NativeAmerican tribe Apache and their superior skills in war-fare and strategy. The name was widely believed to be apun on 'A Patchy Server' (since it was a set of softwarepatches).[8] Official documentation used to give this ex-planation of the name,[9] but in a 2000 interview, BrianBehlendorf, one of the creators of Apache, set the recordstraight:[10]

The name literally came out of the blue.I wish I could say that it was something fan-tastic, but it was out of the blue. I put it ona page and then a few months later when thisproject started, I pointed people to this pageand said: “Hey, what do you think of thatidea?" ... Someone said they liked the nameand that it was a really good pun. And I waslike, “A pun? What do you mean?" He said,“Well, we're building a server out of a bunchof software patches, right? So it’s a patchy

Web server.” I went, “Oh, all right.” ... When Ithought of the name, no. It just sort of conno-tated: “Take no prisoners. Be kind of aggres-

sive and kick some ass.”

When Apache is running, its process name is sometimeshttpd, which is short for “HTTP daemon.”

2 Feature overview

Apache supports a variety of features, many implementedas compiled modules which extend the core functional-ity. These can range from server-side programming lan-guage support to authentication schemes. Some commonlanguage interfaces support Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP.Popular authentication modules include mod_access,mod_auth, mod_digest, and mod_auth_digest, the suc-cessor to mod_digest. A sample of other features in-clude Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Secu-rity support (mod_ssl), a proxy module (mod_proxy), aURL rewriting module (mod_rewrite), custom log files(mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_includeand mod_ext_filter).

Popular compression methods on Apache include the ex-ternal extension module, mod_gzip, implemented to helpwith reduction of the size (weight) of Web pages servedover HTTP. ModSecurity is an open source intrusiondetection and prevention engine for Web applications.Apache logs can be analyzed through a Web browser us-ing free scripts, such as AWStats/W3Perl or Visitors.

Virtual hosting allows one Apache installation to servemany different Web sites. For example, one ma-chine with one Apache installation could simulta-neously serve www.example.com, www.example.org,test47.test-server.example.edu, etc.

Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, and content negotiation.It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces(GUIs).

It supports password authentication and digital certificateauthentication. Because the source code is freely avail-able, anyone can adapt the server for specific needs, andthere is a large public library of Apache add-ons.[11]

3 HTTP server and proxy features

• Loadable Dynamic Modules

1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_certificatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interfacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_negotiationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_management_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_hostinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3Perlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWStatshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ModSecurityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_rewritinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_proxyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_serverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_sslhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Securityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Securityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tclhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_pythonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_perlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_programminghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daemon_(computing)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Behlendorfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Behlendorfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch_(computing)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch_(computing)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apachehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS/2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVMShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetWarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EComStationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unixhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linuxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix-likehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix-likehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websitehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCSA_HTTPdhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_keyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English


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2 6 DEVELOPMENT

• Multiple Request Processing modes (MPMs) in-cluding Event-based/Async, Threaded and Prefork.

• Highly scalable (easily handle more than 10,000 si-multaneous connections

• Handling of static files, index files, auto-indexingand content negotiation

• .htaccess support [12]

• Reverse proxy with caching [13]

• Load balancing[14] with in-band and out-of-band health checks

• Multiple load balancing mechanisms

• Fault toleranceand Failover with automatic re-covery

• WebSocket, FastCGI, SCGI, AJP and uWSGI

support with caching• Dynamic configuration [15]

• TLS/SSL with SNI and OCSP stapling support, viaOpenSSL.

• Name- and IP address-based virtual servers

• IPv6-compatible

• HTTP/2 protocol support

• Fine-grained authentication and authorization ac-cess control [16]

• gzip compression and decompression

• URL rewriting[17]

• Headers[18] and content[19][20] rewriting

• Custom logging with rotation

• Concurrent connection limiting

• Request processing rate limiting

• Bandwidth throttling

•

Server Side Includes [21]

• IP address-based geolocation

• User and Session tracking [22]

• WebDAV

• Embedded Perl, PHP and Lua scripting

• CGI support [23]

• public_html per-user web-pages [24]

• Generic expression parser [25]

• Real-time status views [26]

• XML support [27]

4 Performance

Instead of implementing a single architecture, Apacheprovides a variety of MultiProcessing Modules (MPMs),which allow Apache to run in a process-based, hybrid(process and thread) or event-hybrid mode, to bettermatch the demands of each particular infrastructure.This implies that the choice of correct MPM and the cor-rect configuration is important. Where compromises inperformance need to be made, the design of Apache is toreduce latency and increase throughput, relative to sim-ply handling more requests, thus ensuring consistent andreliable processing of requests within reasonable time-frames.

For delivery of static pages, Apache 2.2 series was con-sidered significantly slower than nginx.[28] To addressthis issue, the Apache version considered by the ApacheFoundation as providing high-performance is the EventMPM, which mixes the use of several processes and sev-eral threads per process in an asynchronous event-basedloop.[29] This architecture, and the way it was imple-mented in the Apache 2.4 series, provides for perfor-mance equivalent or slightly better than event-based webservers, as is claimed by the president of the ApacheFoundation, Jim Jagielski and others.[30][31][32] However,some independent benchmarks show that it still is half asfast as nginx.[33][34]

5 Licensing

The Apache HTTP Server codebase was relicensed to theApache 2.0 License (from the previous 1.1 license) inJanuary 2004,[35] and Apache HTTP Server 1.3.31 and2.0.49 were the first releases using the new license.[36]

The OpenBSD project did not like the change and con-tinued the use of pre-2.0 Apache versions, effectivelyforking Apache 1.3.x for its purposes.[37][38][39] They ini-tially replaced it with Nginx, and soon after made theirown replacement, OpenBSD Httpd, based on the relayedproject.[40][41][42]

6 Development

The Apache HTTP Server Project is a collaborativesoftware development effort aimed at creating a ro-bust, commercial-grade, feature-rich and freely availablesource code implementation of an HTTP (Web) server.The project is jointly managed by a group of volunteerslocated around the world, using the Internet and the Webto communicate, plan, and develop the server and its re-lated documentation. This project is part of the Apache

Software Foundation. In addition, hundreds of usershave contributed ideas, code, and documentation to theproject.[51][52][53]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenBSDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cyclehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebasehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Jagielskihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throughputhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interfacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebDAVhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolocationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_throttlinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gziphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCSP_staplinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indicationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Securityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_JServ_Protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCGIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FastCGIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSockethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-tolerant_designhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load_balancing_(computing)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_proxyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C10k_problemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C10k_problemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_driven_programming


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7 See also

• .htaccess

• .htpasswd

•

ApacheBench• Comparison of web server software

• IBM HTTP Server

• LAMP (software bundle)

• List of Apache modules

• POSSE project

• suEXEC

8 References

[1] “About the Apache HTTP Server Project”. Apache Soft-ware Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 June2008. Retrieved 2008-06-25.

[2] Lextrait, Vincent (January 2010). “The ProgrammingLanguages Beacon, v10.0”. Retrieved 14 March 2010.

[3] “Languages”. Apache HTTP Server . Black Duck Soft-ware. Ohloh. Retrieved 2 April 2014.

[4] Netcraft Market Share for Top Servers Across All Do-mains August 1995 - today (monthly updated)

[5] “February 2009 Web Server Survey”. Netcraft. Archivedfrom the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-29.

[6] OS/GNU+Linux Distributions using Apache

[7] “November 2015 Web Server Survey”. Netcraft. Re-trieved 2015-12-15.

[8] “Why the name 'Apache'?". HTTPd Frequently Asked Questions .

[9] “Information on the Apache HTTP Server Project”. 1997-04-15.

[10] “Apache Power”. Linux Magazine.

[11] “What is Apache Web Server? Webopedia”. webope-dia.com.

[12] “Apache HTTP Server Tutorial: .htaccess files”.

[13] “mod_proxy”.

[14] “mod_proxy_balancer”.

[15] “Balancer Manager”.

[16] “Authentication and Authorization”.

[17] “mod_rewrite”.

[18] “mod_headers”.

[19] “mod_sed”.

[20] “mod_substitute”.

[21] “Apache httpd Tutorial: Introduction to Server Side In-cludes”.

[22] “mod_usertrack”.[23] “Apache Tutorial: Dynamic Content with CGI”.

[24] “Per-user web directorie”.

[25] “Expressions in Apache HTTP Server”.

[26] “mod_status”.

[27] “mod_xml2enc”.

[28] “Serving static files: a comparison between Apache, Ng-inx, Varnish and G-WAN”. Spoot!.

[29] “worker - Apache HTTPServer Version 2.2”. apache.org.

[30] Apache httpd 2.4

[31] “Picking a Proxy Server”.

[32] “Throughput evaluation of Apache 2.4.1”.

[33] “Joshua Zhu’s Blog”. zhuzhaoyuan.com.

[34] “Performance of Apache 2.4 with the event MPM com-pared to Nginx”. eschrade.com.

[35] “Apache License, Version 2.0”. The Apache SoftwareFoundation. January 2004. Retrieved 2013-05-21.

[36] Burton, Richard Antony. “FYI: Apache HTTP Server2.0.49 Released”. Newsgroup: alt.apache.configuration.

[37] de Raadt, Theo (18 February 2004). “The new apachelicense”. openbsd-misc (Mailing list). Retrieved 2013-05-21.

[38] “Copyright Policy”. OpenBSD. Retrieved 2013-05-12.

[39] “apache-httpd-openbsd-1.3.20140502p2 – OpenBSD im-proved and secured version of Apache 1.3”. OpenBSD ports . Retrieved 2014-12-28.

[40] “OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.1 to 5.2”. openbsd.org.

[41] jj, ed. (2014-03-14). “Heads Up: Apache Removed fromBase”. OpenBSD Journal .

[42] “OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.5 to 5.6”. openbsd.org.

[43] “Announcement: Apache 1.3.0 Released !". 1998-06-06.Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[44] “Apache HTTP Server 1.3.42 released (final release of1.3.x)". apache.org.

[45] “Official Release: Apache 2.0.35 is now GA”. 2002-04-06. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[46] "[Announcement] Apache HTTP Server 2.0.65 Re-leased”. apache.org.

[47] “Apache HTTPServer 2.2.0 Released”. 2005-12-01. Re-trieved 2015-01-06.

http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=113347470201565&w=2http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201307.mbox/%253C20130710124920.2b8793ed.wrowe%2540rowe-clan.net%253Ehttp://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201307.mbox/%253C20130710124920.2b8793ed.wrowe%2540rowe-clan.net%253Ehttp://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=101810732100356&w=2http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201002.mbox/%253C20100203000334.GA19021%2540infiltrator.stdlib.net%253Ehttp://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201002.mbox/%253C20100203000334.GA19021%2540infiltrator.stdlib.net%253Ehttp://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=90221040625561&w=2http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade56.html#ToPortshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenBSD_Journalhttp://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140314080734http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140314080734http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade52.html#nginxhttp://ports.su/www/apache-httpd-openbsdhttp://ports.su/www/apache-httpd-openbsdhttp://www.openbsd.org/policy.htmlhttp://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=107714762916291http://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=107714762916291https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theo_de_Raadthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet_newsgrouphttps://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.htmlhttp://www.eschrade.com/page/performance-of-apache-2-4-with-the-event-mpm-compared-to-nginx/http://www.eschrade.com/page/performance-of-apache-2-4-with-the-event-mpm-compared-to-nginx/http://blog.zhuzhaoyuan.com/2012/02/apache-24-faster-than-nginx/http://blog.matsumoto-r.jp/?p=1812http://www.slideshare.net/bryan_call/choosing-a-proxy-server-apachecon-2014http://people.apache.org/~jim/presos/ACNA11/Apache_httpd_cloud.pdfhttp://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.htmlhttp://nbonvin.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/apache-vs-nginx-vs-varnish-vs-gwan/http://nbonvin.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/apache-vs-nginx-vs-varnish-vs-gwan/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_xml2enc.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_status.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/expr.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/public_html.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/cgi.htmlhttp://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_usertrack.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/ssi.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/ssi.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_substitute.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_sed.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_rewrite.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/auth.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/howto/reverse_proxy.html#managerhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.htmlhttps://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/htaccess.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/Apache_Web_server.htmlhttp://www.linux-mag.com/id/472/https://web.archive.org/web/19970415054031/www.apache.org/info.htmlhttp://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ#Why_the_name_.22Apache.22.3Fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netcrafthttp://news.netcraft.com/archives/2015/11/16/november-2015-web-server-survey.htmlhttps://secure1.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.200907/apacheos.htmlhttps://web.archive.org/web/20090226092501/http://news.netcraft.com//archives//2009//02//18//february_2009_web_server_survey.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netcrafthttp://news.netcraft.com/archives/2009/02/18/february_2009_web_server_survey.htmlhttp://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.htmlhttps://www.ohloh.net/p/apache/analyses/latest/languages_summaryhttp://www.lextrait.com/Vincent/implementations.htmlhttp://www.lextrait.com/Vincent/implementations.htmlhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080607122013/http://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Software_Foundationhttp://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SuEXEChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSSE_projecthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Apache_moduleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LAMP_(software_bundle)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_HTTP_Serverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_server_softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ApacheBenchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.htpasswdhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.htaccess


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4 9 EXTERNAL LINKS

[48] "[Announce] Apache HTTP Server 2.2.29 Released”.apache.org.

[49] "[ANNOUNCEMENT] Apache HTTP Server 2.4.1 Re-leased”. 2012-02-21. Retrieved 2015-07-17.

[50] “Apache HTTP Server Project”. apache.org.

[51] Documentation Group. “About the Apache HTTP ServerProject - The Apache HTTP Server Project”. apache.org.

[52] The Apache HTTPServerOpenSource Project on Ohloh.(n.d.). Ohloh, the open source network. RetrievedNovember 12, 2012

[53] “Chapter 4. The Apache HTTP Server”. fedoraproject.org.

9 External links

• Official website

[1] http://xb2.net/xb2net/index.htm

[2] https://caddyserver.com

https://caddyserver.com/http://xb2.net/xb2net/index.htmhttps://httpd.apache.org/http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Managing_Confined_Services/chap-Managing_Confined_Services-The_Apache_HTTP_Server.htmlhttp://www.ohloh.net/p/apachehttp://www.ohloh.net/p/apachehttp://www.ohloh.net/p/apachehttp://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.htmlhttp://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.htmlhttp://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/Announcement2.4.htmlhttp://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=132983471818384&w=2http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=132983471818384&w=2http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201409.mbox/%253C540737D6.5090908%2540apache.org%253E


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10 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

10.1 Text

• Apache HTTP Server Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server?oldid=705800279 Contributors: Damian Yerrick,Magnus Manske, Chenyu, WojPob, Wesley, SimonP, Ellmist, Mjb, Frecklefoot, Edward, Infrogmation, Sanketh, Stewacide, Jizzbug,TakuyaMurata, Alfio, Ellywa, Ahoerstemeier, Haakon, Bronger, Den fjättrade ankan~enwiki, Ericross, Julesd, Cgs, Glenn, Poor Yorick,Cimon Avaro, Harvester, Scanos, Emperorbma, Marknen, Dcoetzee, Aecastaneda, Jay, Kaare, Furrykef, Nv8200pa, K1Bond007, Wern-her, Bevo, Toreau, Joy, Khym Chanur, Jeffq, Wilinckx~enwiki, Robbot, Chealer, 1984, Fredrik, Chocolateboy, Nurg, Jondel, Wikibot,Alerante, DavidCary, Fudoreaper, Jonabbey, Fleminra, Guanaco, Ceejayoz, AlistairMcMillan, Taak, Just Another Dan, Pne, Uzume,Bobblewik, Pgan002, Beland, Vina, Rdsmith4, Thincat, Icairns, Cataphract, Karl Dickman, Zondor, EagleOne, Jimbotronic, Rfl, Imroy,Vector4F, Hendric Stattmann, Blanchette, Rich Farmbrough, Guanabot, Pak21, Ereza, Smyth, Polymorp, Gronky, Bender235, ESkog, Ze-roOne, Jaaari~enwiki, Kjoonlee, Evice, Greenmoss, Kwamikagami, Autrijus, Marx Gomes, Aude, Shanes, RoyBoy, Etz Haim, Causa sui,John Vandenberg, Timsheridan, Minghong, Pharos, Ltguide, Merope, Beinsane, Somebody in the WWW, Jeltz, Jeffhos, Yamla, Equinoxe,Water Bottle, XMaster, Ronark, Oghmoir, Cfrjlr, MrVibrating, Mattbrundage, HenryLi, Karderio, Jefflundberg, NicM, Ericl234, Kbolino,Feezo, Woohookitty, Mindmatrix, Blackeagle, Dandv, Deeahbz, Goodgerster, Dmol, Dr. Zed, Jhartmann, Damicatz, GregorB, Osric, El-varg, Turnstep, Rufous, Paustin, Kesla, RichardWeiss, Wbeek, DePiep, Reisio, Canderson7, Jsecure, X1011, The wub, Bitbucket, FlaBot,Michaelvandorpe, Who, RexNL, Mancini, Intgr, Malhonen, Mikeb2204, Chobot, Antilived, Tas50, Peterl, YurikBot, Borgx, Klingoncow-boy4, Netvor, Charles Gaudette, Bryant.cutler, Amckern, Captaindan, Ansell, Hellbus, Hydrargyrum, Cuimalo, Gaius Cornelius, Bovi-neone, Wimt, Aeusoes1, Gosub, Retired username, Pencil ethics, CecilWard, Zwobot, Xompanthy, Wknight94, Nfm, Minfrin, Zzuuzz,Closedmouth, Zr2d2, Dveeden, LeonardoRob0t, Janizary, JLaTondre, Azrael81, NeilN, Boggie~enwiki, Jmchuff, Dybdahl, SmackBot,Travuun, Rjwilson01, Elving, Alexios Chouchoulas, Reedy, MaxPowers, TestPilot, McGeddon, Dkusnetzky, Ikip, KocjoBot~enwiki, Brick

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10.2 Images

• File:ASF-logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/ASF-logo.svg License: Apache License 2.0 Contribu-tors: http://www.apache.org/ Original artist: Apache Software Foundation (ASF)

•

File:Apache_Feather_Logo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Apache_Feather_Logo.svg License: Apache License 2.0 Contributors: http://apache.org/foundation/press/kit/ Original artist: The Apache Software Foundation

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• File:Free_and_open-source_software_logo_(2009).svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg License: Public domain Contributors: FOSS Logo.svg Original artist: Free Software PortalLogo.svg (FOSS Logo.svg): ViperSnake151

10.3 Content license

• Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
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