Unit #1Human Body

Overview of A&PBiology – Study of life

Anatomy – study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationship to one another (gross vs. microscopic)

Physiology – study of how the body and its parts work or function

How are they related?

HierarchyAtoms->molecules->cells->tissues->organs->organ systems (11)->organisms

11 systemsIntegumentary

SkeletalMuscularNervous

EndocrineCardiovascular

LymphaticRespiratoryDigestiveUrinary

Reproductive

Needs for Life

1. Maintain self – inside/outside2. Movement – mainly of self, but also ‘things’ inside3. Responsiveness – ability to sense changes AND react4. Digestion – breaking down particles to usable forms5. Metabolism – broad term for all RXNs that occurs in cells6. Excretion – must get ride of BAD (solid and waste)7. Reproduction – continuation of species8. Growth – increase in size by increasing the number of cells9. Nutrients – in the form of some type of food10.Oxygen11.Water – 60-80% of the human body12.Temperature regulation13.Atmospheric pressure

Homeostasis-maintaining a constant internal balance- Feedback systems are in place

Homeostasis

Language

Anatomical position – figure 1.5BODY ERECT, FEET TOGETHER, PALMS FORWARD,

FINGERS TOGETHER & THUMBS UP

Directional terms – table 1.1PUT COPY IN NOTEBOOK

Regional terms – figure 1.5PUT FINISHED COPY IN NOTEBOOK

Body Planes & Sections

Sagittal – runs up and down, if it splits the body in half exactly it is called midsagittal, if it splits the body into two unequal halves it’s called parasagittal

Frontal – gives you a front and back (anterior and posterior), also called coronal

Transverse – gives you a top and bottom (superior and inferior)

Refer to page 19, figure 1.6

Body CavitiesDorsal (split into cranial and spinal)

Ventral (greater in size) (split into thoracic and abdominopelvic)

- Abdominopelvic can be further divided into 4 quadrants- Refer to figure 1.8

Open Body CavitiesOral (mouth and anus)NasalOrbitalMiddle ear

Have your read the Chapter 1 Summary?