AP World HistoryPeriod 1

AP Regions

AP Regions Mapshttp://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-world-history-course-and-exam-description.pdf

Table of Contents

1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth

Paleolithic Migration and Society

1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies

1.3 The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral and Urban Societies

Peopling of the Earth

Paleolithic Society vs. Neolithic SocietyTwo Very Different Stone Age Periods

Critical Intro

In complete sentences, describe why you think humans were so successful at migrating throughout the world.

Critical Intro

Jared Diamond referred to the Neolithic Revolution as the “Worst mistake in the history of the human race”. What do you think his main arguments are.

Paleolithic vs. Neolithic

Paleolithic Age = “Old Stone Age”

2.5 million – 12,000 B.C.E.

Neolithic Age = “New Stone Age”

Neolithic/Agricultural Revolution!

12,000 – 4,000 B.C.E.

What new technology do you think ends Neolithic Age?

PaleolithicFood Sources

Hunting and Gathering

Hunting animals

Gathering plants, roots, nuts and berries

Nomadic – Constantly migrating in search of food, water

PaleolithicShelter

Temporary!

Tents, caves

Skin, grass or mud-covered huts

PaleolithicPopulation

Small clans of 20-60 people

Usually extended family

Why small groups?

Hunting & gathering can’t produce enough food for large pop.

PaleolithicClothing

Animal skins

PaleolithicResources

Used resources (materials) from their surroundings

Developed oral language.

Impact?

Learned how to make & use fire!!

Improved hunting, protection, warmth

PaleolithicOccupation

Hunt and gather

Finding enough food to survive

Created “Cave art”

http://www.lascaux.culture.fr/?lng=en#/en/00.xml

Paleolithic Life

Paleolithic people adapted to each new environment.

Paleolithic Adaptations

New tools adapted to different environments.

Paleolithic Adaptations(Economic structure)

Small HG kinship groups making what was needed.

Not all self-sufficient; exchanged people, ides and goods.

What do you think?

What do you think the occupational nature of the Paleolithic Period meant for technological advances?

How do you think this might change when people start farming?

The Neolithic Revolution!

Neolithic Revolution

Ending Ice Age

Warmer temps.

Growing pop.

Food demands

First Neolithic SettlementsCatal Huyuk and Jericho

First Neolithic SettlementsCatal Huyuk

• Southern Turkey• Approx. 7000

B.C.E• Protection

provided by connecting all buildings

• Relied on trade to supplement ag.

Goddess

First Neolithic SettlementsJericho

• On Jordan River• Approx. 7000

B.C.E• Protection

provided by ditch & 12 ft. wall

• Relied on trade to supplement ag.

Differed region to region

NeolithicFood Sources

Farming and domestication of animals!

Agricultural & pastoral societies

Reliable food source

What do you think?

What do you think the impact will be on Neolithic shelter and population?

NeolithicShelter

Permanent!

Clay or mud-brick houses

NeolithicPopulation

Much larger populations

Villages and small towns

Farming & domestication supports large pops.

NeolithicClothing

Woven cloth

Wool and cotton

Jewelry

NeolithicResources

Extensive local trade and barter

Traveling farther for materials

Used advanced tools

Obsidian (volcanic) glass = important material

What do you think?

Why do you think trade was able to expand so rapidly during the Neolithic Age?

NeolithicOccupations

Farming, herding, trading

Artisanship – making things

Weaving, pottery, tool-making

Specialization of Labor!

People doing specific jobs

What is the connection between the Neolithic Revolution and Specialization?

Neolithic/Agricultural RevolutionWhy “Revolution”?

Why do you think the period of farming and domestication is referred as a “Revolution”? Do you agree with the use of the word “Revolution”?

Neolithic RevolutionAgriculturalist vs. Pastoralist

Pastoral Society

Sedentary Agricultural Society

Agriculturalist vs. PastoralistEnvironmental Impacts?

Critical Intro.

With a partner, complete:Aspects of Life

Role of Pastoralists

Role of Culture Unifying states

And “Summary Statement”

Big Changes in Daily Life

Aspects of Life

Paleolithic Era Neolithic Era

Social

Political

Economic

Technological

Improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation

PotteryHow did it improve life?

PlowsHow did it improve life?

Early

Later

Woven textilesHow did it improve life?

MetallurgyHow did it improve life?

Wheels and Wheeled VehiclesHow did it improve life?

Olmec

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Chavin

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Mesopotamia

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Egypt

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

China

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

India

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Mesopotamia

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Egypt

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

China

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

India

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Olmec

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

Chavin

Geo./Environ

Econ.

Social

Political

Cultural

New Weaponscompound bows

First emerged in 5th

century B.C.E.

China may have been first

Emerged in eastern Mediterranean around same time.

New Weaponsiron weapons

First emerged between 1300 B.C.E. and 1000 B.C.E.

Earliest evidence from the Near East.

Hittites first to use on large scale; = great advantage

New Modes of Transportationchariots

• Emerged in Near East between 2000 B.C.E. and 1500 B.C.E.

New Modes of Transportationhorseback riding

Emerged in Near East and Steppes between 3500 B.C.E. and 2500 B.C.E.

Bit and stirrups were key developments

New States Emerge

Characteristics of a civilization:• Food surpluses• Specialization• Advanced cities• Complex institutions• Clear social distinctions• Standardized writing system• Long-distance

New States Emerge

“New States” or empires• Mobilized surplus labor & resources

over large areas• Theocratic rule; supported by military• More favorably situated i.e. Hittites

(with iron), conquered surrounding states

• Earliest states/empires = in Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Nile Valley

Common Culture Unifies States

Laws

Language

Literature

Religion

Myths

Monumental Art/Arch.

Monumental Architecture

Critical Intro.

With a partner, write 3 comparative thesis statements using the information in your organizer.

Chavin WritingQuipu

Andean record system consisting of a series of knotted ropes or strings to record events.

Used from Early Chavin period through Incan period

67

The Epic of GilgameshWorld’s Oldest work of literature

Gilgamesh – King of Uruk

Approx. 2700 B.C.

Gilgamesh, two-thirds god and one-

third human, is the greatest king on

earth and the strongest super-

human that ever existed; however,

he is young and oppresses his

people harshly.

Back

68

Hammurabi – “The Law Giver”Babylonian king created law code of 282 laws and punishments

Back

The Emergence of Early ReligionThe Vedic, Hebrew and Zoroastrian belief systems

“Vedic Age” in India – p. 1071. How was the “Vedic Age” in India a result of the broader Indo-European migrations?

2. What was the most important early work of the Vedic Period? And, in what form was it originally?

3. Give examples of how the Vedic Period created the foundation for Hinduism in South Asia.

Hebrew Religion – p. 1201. From where did the Hebrews originate and what is our main source of information about their early beliefs?

2. What role did Abraham play in the creation of the Hebrew faith?

3. Describe the Hebrew fate between the 6th

century B.C.E. and the 2nd century C.E.?

4. Write one complex sentence summarizing how the Jewish concept of God represented an important change?

Zoroastrianism – p. 120-211. Zoroastrianism provided the cultural cohesion for which region/people?

2. Write a thesis statement comparing Zoroastrianism to the Hebrew religion.

3. What eventually (by the 8th century C.E.) displaced Zoroastrianism as a major religion in its region of origin?

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