A.P. Literature & CompositionA.P. Literature & Composition& CSCC English 1100& CSCC English 1100

Instructor:Instructor:

Mr. Todd AlexanderMr. Todd Alexander

Ever play this game?Ever play this game?

Find Waldo…Find Waldo…

Here he is… How did you do that?Here he is… How did you do that?

How did you do that?How did you do that?11 You skimmed over it to see what jumped You skimmed over it to see what jumped

out right away.out right away.

22 You developed a process for searching You developed a process for searching using certain visual clues you knew using certain visual clues you knew matched Waldo.matched Waldo.

How did you do that?How did you do that?11 You skimmed over it to see what jumped You skimmed over it to see what jumped

out right away.out right away.

22 You developed a process for searching You developed a process for searching using certain visual clues you knew using certain visual clues you knew matched Waldo.matched Waldo.

Understanding Text works the same way….

1 We will read over a lot of text: some you will understand right away, some you won’t… see what jumps out at you.

2 We will develop a process for using certain clues to help you “see” (understand) most texts.

LetLet’’s try out your skillss try out your skills

NOW…NOW…

Expenditures:Expenditures:Ad for new secretaryAd for new secretary $15.$15.LunchLunch $30.$30.RosesRoses $25.$25.Tulips for wifeTulips for wife $ 5.$ 5.LunchLunch $50.$50.DinnerDinner $80.$80.Hotel roomHotel room for dayfor day $100. $100.Dinner with wifeDinner with wife $25.$25.LunchLunch $60.$60.Payment for stupid secretaryPayment for stupid secretary $500. $500.Mink coat for wifeMink coat for wife $1,000. $1,000.Ad for new secretaryAd for new secretary $15.$15.

Why take A.P. English?Why take A.P. English?

Why take A.P. English?Why take A.P. English?This course is NOT designed to get you This course is NOT designed to get you

out of college composition.out of college composition.

Why take A.P. English?Why take A.P. English?This course is NOT designed to get you This course is NOT designed to get you

out of college composition.out of college composition.It is designed to help you perform well in It is designed to help you perform well in both advanced high school and college both advanced high school and college

courses requiring writing (science, math, courses requiring writing (science, math, history, etc.) by teaching you proper history, etc.) by teaching you proper critical thinking and logical writing critical thinking and logical writing

techniques.techniques.

Your Past:Your Past:

EXAM ANSWEREXAM ANSWER 5 Paragraph essay5 Paragraph essay Introduction Introduction 3 Body paragraphs3 Body paragraphs ConclusionConclusion

This Course:

INSIGHTFUL ESSAY

Rhetorical Analysis

Work through the entire Keyhole Web!

Ultimate Goal of an Ultimate Goal of an Accelerated English course:Accelerated English course:

Students should be able to Students should be able to analyze the gist, complexity, analyze the gist, complexity, and effect of a text on an and effect of a text on an audience, noting how audience, noting how development, organization, development, organization, style, and delivery contribute to style, and delivery contribute to the appeal of the text.the appeal of the text.

Ultimate Goal of an Ultimate Goal of an Accelerated English course:Accelerated English course:

Students should be able to produce Students should be able to produce texts that are rich in content, texts that are rich in content, challenging, and complex, and that challenging, and complex, and that engage an audience of curious, engage an audience of curious, educated readers by means of full educated readers by means of full development, intelligent development, intelligent organization, and a clear, organization, and a clear, compelling style.compelling style.

What is What is Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking??

““CriticalCritical”” comes from the Greek comes from the Greek kriticoskriticos and and Latin Latin criticuscriticus, meaning able to discern or , meaning able to discern or separate… separate…

So when we talk about Critical Thinking, we So when we talk about Critical Thinking, we are talking about are talking about

Discerning or discriminating thought Discerning or discriminating thought characterized by careful analysis and characterized by careful analysis and judgment.judgment.

ThoughtThoughtAttitude

Logical FallaciesReasoning PurposeAudience

SubjectVoice

ThoughtThought

Keys to Discovery

Development Diction Organization Arrangement Structure

Imagery

Connotation/Denotation

SyntaxFigurativeLanguage

Keys to Discovery

Development Diction Organization Arrangement Structure

Imagery

Connotation/Denotation

SyntaxFigurativeLanguage

SCHEMESSCHEMES – WORD ORDER is – WORD ORDER is altered from the usual or altered from the usual or expected.expected.

TROPESTROPES – MEANING is altered – MEANING is altered from the usual or expected.from the usual or expected.

Schemes Schemes (word order)(word order)

Balance – parallelism, climax, antithesisBalance – parallelism, climax, antithesis

Addition – apposition, parenthesisAddition – apposition, parenthesis

Omission – zeugma, asyndeton, Omission – zeugma, asyndeton, polysyndetonpolysyndeton

Repetition – anadiplosis, anaphoraRepetition – anadiplosis, anaphora

Sound – alliteration, assonance, Sound – alliteration, assonance, consonanceconsonance

TropesTropes (word meaning)(word meaning)

PunPun

MetaphorMetaphor

SimileSimile

PersonificationPersonification

IronyIrony

HyperboleHyperbole

Synecdoche

Metonymy

Litotes

Oxymoron

Paradox

Onomatopoeia

Schemes & tropes handoutSchemes & tropes handout

When we read any text, our When we read any text, our goal is togoal is to

DISCOVER!

When we read any text, our When we read any text, our goal is togoal is to

DISCOVER:WHAT?

* The author’s intent* What the author wants from us* The author’s methodology* WHAT IT MEANS FOR US

One of the places One of the places DISCOVERY comes from:DISCOVERY comes from:

…using the

Schemes & Tropes

to identify what an author

is attempting to do.

Discovery comes from US –Discovery comes from US –working TOGETHER!working TOGETHER!

““If ten people are in a room If ten people are in a room and they agree, nine of them and they agree, nine of them

arenaren’’t thinking.t thinking.””-Buddy Ryan-Buddy Ryan

There are many There are many ways for us to ways for us to

examine literature.examine literature.

Philosophers and great thinkers have Philosophers and great thinkers have debated how we should examine debated how we should examine

texts and literature for thousands of texts and literature for thousands of years… probably since the first years… probably since the first

writer penned his/her work.writer penned his/her work.

David HumeDavid Hume(1711-1776)(1711-1776)

A Priori – independent A Priori – independent of experience. of experience. Consider the work only, Consider the work only, by itself.by itself.Sentiment is always Sentiment is always right. Understanding is right. Understanding is not always right not always right because it depends on because it depends on outside references.outside references.Know the work.Know the work.

Karl MarxKarl Marx(1818-1883)(1818-1883)

Need to know where Need to know where the person fits in the the person fits in the society. Society society. Society shapes the shapes the literature.literature.

Know the Know the society/culture.society/culture.

Hippolyte TaineHippolyte Taine(1828-1893)(1828-1893)

MECHANIST – the external MECHANIST – the external explains the internal – in order explains the internal – in order to understand the art, you must to understand the art, you must first understand the first understand the man/woman. man/woman.

Know the author:Know the author:

– Race - NationalityRace - Nationality

– Environment - ConditionsEnvironment - Conditions

– Epoch - Age in which they Epoch - Age in which they livedlived