AOL6 7.3
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Transcript of AOL6 7.3
7/23/2019 AOL6 7.3
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aol6-73 1/4
AOL 6Applying Moral Rules of Deontological and Teleological Justice Ethical Theories
[See Case 7.3: Muesh A!"ani: The #e$ Media Moghul in %ndia&
Ta"le ''()A: Applying Deontological Justice Rules to Justify R%L*s taeo+er of Media ,ouse #et$or '-
Justic
e
Rules
Ethical Theory of
Deontological Justice Ethical Rule "ased on the Ethical Theory of DeontologicalJustice:Did R%L a"ide "y these $hile
taing o+er #et$or '- Media and
T.'-:
Did the taeo+er outco!e of Media
,ouse #et$or '- "y R%L follo$:
R/' 0antian 1or!alis!: Act
inas!uch as your act is
!oti+ated "y a la$ that
can apply to all(
2rinciples of 3ni+ersali4a"ility5
ES: R%L*s decision $as a
strategic one to co!ple!ent its 78
"usiness and the taeo+er $as
agreed upon "y the o$ners to
star+e off co!petition(
2rinciples of 3ni+ersali4a"ility5 ES:
Si!ilar situations had "een faced "y the
9ashington 2ost also $here 9arren
uffet had to "ail the! out( Due to
intense cape; needed< corporate taeo+er
is essential(
R/= 0antian 1or!alis!: Act
inas!uch as your act is
grounded on !oral
reasons that con+ince all(
2rinciples of Re+ersi"ility5 ES:
R%L*s e;ecuti+es ha+e !aintained
that it $as not for the sae of
controlling a !edia house "ut to
co!ple!ent their 78 "usiness(
2rinciples of 3ni+ersali4a"ility5 #O:
1or the teleco! sector it !ay "e a
>ustifia"le reason< "ut to other s!aller
!edia houses it is stiff co!petition and
for readers there is a ?uestion on the ne$so">ecti+ity(
R/@ 2rinciple of Deontological
Justice: Safeguard
econo!ic and social
rights and duties of the
!arginali4ed
2rinciple of Deontological Justice
a!ong the !arginali4e5 ES: The
o!petition o!!ission of %ndia
had ruled that R%L*s control of
#et$or'- and T.'-< does not
negati+ely affect co!petition(
2rinciple of Deontological Justice a!ong
the !arginali4ed5 #O: To other s!aller
!edia houses it is stiff co!petition( %t
!ay "e +ie$ed as R%L is trying to li!it its
co!petition(
R/7 2rince of Deontological
Justice: Also safeguard
rights and duties of
corporate e;ecuti+es
2rinciple of Deontological Justice
a!ong the corporate e;ecuti+es:
ES< it loos at the long ter!
"enefits of its o$n e!ployees in
the teleco! sector(
2rinciple of Deontological Justice a!ong
all the corporate e;ecuti+es: ES<
"ecause Ragha+ ala< o$ner of #et$or
'- $as not a"le to fund the net$or
any!ore and hence $as "ailed out "y
R%L(
R/) Situationanis!: 9henrightsBduties conflict< the
actual situation should
deter!ine the decision ad
>udg!ent "ut one !ust
o$n the act and its
conse?uences(
2rinciple of E;istentialSituationis!: ES: The principle
of !a;i!i4ation of $ealth $as
follo$ed "y R%L as it ai!ed to tae
control of the teleco! sector in the
long run(
2rinciple of E;istential Situationis!: #O:%t is yet to "e seen if R%L upholds the
o">ecti+ity of the !edia and the li"eral
theory( 1urther!ore< $hether R%L has
taen o+er #et$or '- only for strategic
reasons or for profita"ility re!ains to "e
seen(
R/6 E;istentialis!: 9hen
a!idst uncertainty< ris
and a!"iguity< right or
$rong< truth or falsehood<
and good or e+il cannot
"e clearly distinguished<
then act in the !idst of
dou"t(
2rinciple of E;istentialis!: ES:
%t is unclear $hether R%L has
taen o+er #et$or '- only for
strategic reasons or for
profita"ility re!ains to "e seen( So
for no$< they can "e gi+en the
"enefit of dou"t(
2rinciple of E;istentialis!: #O: %t is
indeed true that this taeo+er $ill indeed
har! the co!petition as it is difficult to
co!pete $ith the financial resources of
R%L( Thus for other staeholders too it
re!ains to "e seen if ne$s fro! their
net$or re!ains o">ecti+e or not(
R/C Legalis!: Legiti!acy ofgo+ern!ent la$s and
industry ordinances
o!pliance to legiti!atelypro!ulgated and enforced
go+ern!ent la$s and industry
ordinances5 ES< "ecause %
ruled in the fa+our of R%L(
o!pliance to legiti!ately pro!ulgatedand enforced go+ern!ent la$s and
industry ordinances5 #O< rulings of the
% can "e influenced "y the lo""ying of
huge corporate houses lie R%L(
R/- ontractualis!: inding
capacity of freely agreed
on contracts(
o!pliance to freely agree on
contracts5 ES: All the ter!s and
conditions of the contract $ere
honored and cross +erified "y %(
o!pliance to freely agree on contracts
to help the !arginali4ed5 #O: ,o$ the
contracts safeguards the rights of the
s!aller players is not to "e seen(
R/ 2arenesis: A ode of %s such taeo+ers ruled "y credi"le o!pliance to agree upon codes of
7/23/2019 AOL6 7.3
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ethics that counsels and
e;horts action( The
o"ligation is parenetic or
hortatory(
and +alid industry and corporate
ethical codes of conduct5 #O:
% loos only at the econo!ic
point of +ie$ "ut not sociocultural
ones(
conduct5 #O: There is no such fir! la$
in place $hich taes into account the
sociocultural i!plications of such
taeo+ers on freedo! of speech and ne$s
o">ecti+ity(
7/23/2019 AOL6 7.3
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Applying Teleological Justice Rules to Justifying the taeo+er of Media ,ouse
#et$or '- "y R%L
Justic
e
Rules
Ethical Theory of
Teleological JusticeEthical Rule "ased on the Ethical Theory of Teleological
Justice:
Did R%L duringBaftertaeo+er of #et$or'- treat
its staeholders "y:
Did the taeo+er Outco!es of#et$or '- treat others "y:
R'/ ,edonis!: Satisfaction
and 2leasure of all
FJere!y entha!G
2rinciple of 3ni+ersal
,edonis!: Did the taeo+er
pro!ote happiness and
satisfaction of all5 #O: Most
of the s!aller !edia houses
$ere not at all pleased(
2rinciple of 3ni+ersal ,edonis!: Did
the taeo+er pro!ote happiness and
satisfaction of all others< especially
the !arginali4ed players5 #O: The
taeo+er caused a lot of
dissatisfaction a!ong the other
players< especially the s!aller players
as they couldn*t co!pete $ith R%L(
R''a 3tilitarianis! FJ( S(
MillG: Ma;i!i4e utility
of all
2rinciple of utility
!a;i!i4ation of the greatest
nu!"er fulfilled5 #O: #o(
O+er here the interests of
!ainly the Reliance group and
Ragha+ alal $as considered
"ut not the other staeholders(
2rinciple of utility!a;i!i4ation of
the greatest nu!"er fulfilled5 #O:
The !edia is supposed to "e o">ecti+e
and i!partial in its reporting( The
taeo+er >eopardi4ed this for the
staeholders of the society(
R''" onse?uentialis! FE(
Ansco!"e '=/=//'G:
Ma;i!ally reduce
har!ful conse?uences
to all(
Ma;i!i4e 3tility of good
onse?uences to all5 #O:
Although "anruptcy of
Ragha+ alal $as !itigated "y
the R%L< it also ensured that
the s!aller !edia houses
$ould not "e a"le to co!pete$ith the!(
Did taeo+er of #et$or '- !ini!i4e
har!ful conse?uences to all innocent
staeholders5 #O: To other s!aller
!edia houses it represented stiff
co!petition( %t !ay "e +ie$ed as R%L is
trying to li!it its co!petition and trying
to !odify the ne$s in its fa+or(
R'= Eude!onis!
FAristotleG: 2rinciple of
happiness of the
!a;i!u!
2rinciple of happiness of the
!a;i!u! fulfilled5 #O: This
is "ecause the e!ploya"ility of
the e;isting people at #et$or
'- $as in >eopardy and so $as
the o">ecti+ity of the ne$s
reported(
2rinciple of happiness of the
!a;i!u! fulfilled5 #O: ecause the
interests of the other staeholders
such as the s!aller players $ere not
taen into account $hile considering
the taeo+er(
7/23/2019 AOL6 7.3
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Assessing the taeo+er of !edia house #et$or '- "y R%L"y Applying Moral Rules ased
on Distri"uti+e Justice Ethical Theories
[See Case7.3: Muesh A!"ani: The #e$ Media Moghul in %ndia&
Distri"
uti+e
JusticeRules
Ethical Theory
of Distri"uti+e
Justice FDJG
Ethical Rule based on the Ethical Theory of Distributive Justice:Did the #ational or %nternational
!arets treat %ndia*s Superrich "y:
Did 9ealth Ma;i!i4ation Outco!es
of %ndia*s Superrich treat others "y:
R'@ 1or!al Justice:
Egalitarianis!
Aristotle*s anon of E?uality: The le+el of
e?uality a!ong the !edia houses through
taeo+er5 ES(
The le+el of e?uality a!ong the others Fi(e(<
s!aller !edia houses5 #O: 1or s!aller
!edia houses it is difficult to co!pete $ith
R%L(
R'7 Socialist Justice The anon of #eed: The le+el of need a!ong
the "ig !edia houses5 es( Aditya irla
controls %ndia Today(
Their le+el of need5 #o< for s!aller !edia
houses(
R') #aturalist Justice The anon of #atural A"ility: The le+el of
innate !erit or a"ility a!ong the !edia
houses5 ES(
Their le+el of innate !erit or a"ility5 es:
Merit and a"ility of the !arginal players are
sa!e too(
R'6 Retri"uti+e
Justice
The anon of Effort: The le+el of effort of
a!ong the !edia5 ES( Media ,ouses ha+e
cut throat co!petition(
Their le+el of effort5 #o: %t is difficult for the
s!aller !edia houses to co!pete $ith the
larger ones(
R'C apitalist Justice The anon of 2roducti+ity: The le+el ofcontri"ution of the superrich5 es< and far
"eyond(
The le+el of contri"ution of the nonsuperrich5 #O: 3ntil $ealth !a;i!i4ation
sti!ulates the contri"ution of others
R'- Li"ertarian
Justice
The anon of Social 3tility: The le+el of social
+alue of the "igger !edia houses5 ES(
Their le+el of social +alue5 #o< the taeo+er
doesn*t e?uali4e the social +alue of all !edia
houses(
R' Li"ertarian
Justice
The anon of Supplyde!and: The le+el of
!arete;change +alue of the taeo+er5 ES(
Their le+el of !arete;change +alue5 ES(
The de!and for ne$s is high e+en for s!aller
fir!s(
R=/ %ndi+idual Justice Rescher*s anon of Legiti!ate lai!s: The
le+el of legiti!ate clai!s of the Media5 es< the
content $ill "e a strategic fit for R%L 78 plans(
The le+el of legiti!ate clai!s of the s!aller
!edia fir!s5 #O: %t !ay also "e +ie$ed as a
!ethod to stifle co!petition(
R=' 1air Opportunist
Justice
Ra$ls* E?uality 2rinciple: Did the taeo+er
offer e?ual opportunity to all5 #o(
Did the taeo+er offer e?ual opportunity to
all5 #o< s!aller fir!s do lose out(
R== Li"ertarianEgalitarian
Justice
Ra$ls* Difference 2rinciple: Did the taeo+ernullify undeser+ed ad+antages a!ong all
staeholders5 #O( Most of the "igger fir!s
see!ingly had undeser+ed ad+antages(
#ullifying undeser+ed ad+antages a!ong allstaeholders5 #o( R%L can no$ !odify the
ne$s content to its $ish(
R=@ Li"ertarian
Justice
#o4ic*s 2rinciple of Distri"uti+e Justice: y
the le+el of original entitle!ents of the
superrich5 ES(
One*s le+el of original entitle!ents5 #O:
Most HothersI in %ndia ha+e their original
le+el of entitle!ents progressi+ely di!inished
"ecause of $ealth !a;i!i4ation of the fe$(
R=7 #on!alfeasance
Justice
2rinciple of Strict Lia"ility: Doing no har! or
e+il "y the taeo+er5 ES(
Doing no har! or e+il to others5 #o< this is
yet to "e seen(
R=) 2ree!pti+e
Justice
2rinciple of 2re+enti+e Justice: 2re+enting all
e+il "y the taeo+er5 ES(
2re+enting all e+il "y the taeo+er5 #o< not
until R%L can pro+ide o">ecti+e ne$s(
R=6 2rotecti+e Justice 2rinciple of 2rotecti+e Justice: 2rotecting the
ne$s fro! su">ecti+ity5 #O(
2rotecting the ne$s fro! su">ecti+ity5 #o<
Aditya irla or R%L is yet to pro+e its
authenticity in o">ecti+e ne$s !aing(
R=C 2rocedural
Justice
orrecti+e Justice
2rinciple of 2rocedural Justice and orrecti+e
Justice: 9as the taeo+er possi"le "ecause of >ust procedures for correcting current
structured in>ustice syste!s5 ES(
Did the taeo+er set up >ust procedures for
ne$s !aing for the others in %ndia5 #O<"ecause it doesn*t consider all the
staeholders(
R=- eneficent Justice 2rinciple of eneficent Justice: Ena"ling the
"igger fir!s in doing or pro!oting good to
others5 es< if they $ant to do so(
Did the taeo+er e!po$er others to do or
pro!ote good in %ndia5 #o(