ANTIMUTAGENS in food

FOOD

• Foods are comlex mixtures containing both carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic substances.

• It is our choice – HEALTHY x NOT HEALTHY• Prevention against cancer - ANTIMUTAGENS

Carcinogenesis

• Carcinogenesis: TWO STAGE PROCESs

a) Initiation b) Promotion • Inhibitors of mutagenesis = inhibitors

of carcinegenesis

Antimutagens

• REDUCE NUMBER OF MUTATIONS• Clasification: a) Desmutagens – they inactivate

mutagens b) Bioantimutagens – reduce effect

of mutagensAntioxidants „catch free radicals“

ASCORBIC ACID

• Water soluble• The strongest antioxidant in body• Cofactor of many enzymes• dopamin - andrenalin

VITAMIN E

• It contains 8 substances (90% -tokoferol).

• Fat soluble – inhibition of oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.

• The richest natural source- plant oil

- Karotene

• Lipid soluble pigment• Enzymatically

hydrolyzed – Vitamin A• Antioxidant – fat

stores and lipid membranes

• Treatment of some genetic diseases

SULFIDES

• Diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide – garlic• React with nirosoamines• Reduce level of LDL cholesterol and

triacylgycerols

Glutathion

• Tripeptide• Reducing agent, soluble in cellular

plasmas• Defence against toxic compounds

(aflatoxin….)

Selenium

• Toxic x antimutagens, antioxidant• Mechanism not clearly defined,

depends on concetration• PRECISE (Prevention of Cancer

through Intervation with Selenium)

FLAVONOIDS

• Large group of substances• Antioxidants, antimutagens,

regulation of cholesterol

CATECHINS

• Up to 30% weight of dry tea

• 1. green tea, 2. white tea, 3. black tea

• The effect depends on preparation

What have I forgotten..?

• I know, that there many other antimutagens I haven´t talked about.

• Magnesium, Unsaturated fatty acids, glukosinates …etc. I hope they will excuse me..;-)

+AND THAT IS ALLTHANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION …