Antigens & antibodies Intro
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Antigens & Antibodies
Medical Interventions
Antigen
• An antigen is any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it.
• An antigen may be a foreign substance from the environment such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or pollen. (Exogenous)
• An antigen may also be formed within the body, as with bacterial toxins or tissue cells. (Endogenous)
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002224.htm
• Antigens are macromolecules that elicit an immune response in the body. Antigens can be
• Proteins • Polysaccharides • Conjugates of proteins and polysaccharides• Conjugates of lipids with – proteins (lipoproteins)– polysaccharides (glycolipids).
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AntigenPresentation.html
http://faculty.matcmadison.edu/mljensen/bloodbank/lectures/blood_bank_antigens_and_antibodi.htm
Blood Cell Antigens
http://www.netwellness.org/healthtopics/blood/bloodtypes.cfmhttp://rhincompatibility.wordpress.com/understanding-the-rh-blood-group-system/
Antibodies
• An antibody is a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens. Examples of antigens include microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses) and chemicals.
• Antibodies are also produced when the immune system mistakenly considers healthy tissue a harmful substance. (Autoimmune disorders)
• Each type of antibody is unique and defends the body against one specific type of antigen.http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002223.htm
Antibody Model
http://www.michigananimalhospital.com/page/452419682
Antigen-Antibody Interaction
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookimmun.html
Agglutination
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/agglutination
http://www.biologymad.com/master.html?http://www.biologymad.com/immunology/immunology.htm