Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Also known as Vasopressin or Arginine Vasopressin

Released by Posterior Pituitary

Produced in the Hypothalamus, transported via neurons

Peptide Hormone

Reabsorption of waterfrom Kidneys.

Inhibits diuresis;which is the production of urine

Collecting Duct,Distal Tubule

Collecting ductwith the absence of ADH is notpermeable towater

OxytocinPolypeptide Hormone

First polypeptide hormone to be sequenced and synthesized. 1953

Produced and transported from the Hypothalamus to theposterior pituitary.

- Uterine Contractions

- Milk Release

Target: Smooth Muscle Cells Ovaries

Target: Mammary Gland (Breast)

Notice that Oxytocin is released due to physical factors.

Alveoli stores milk

Surrounded by smoothmuscle cells, myoepithelialcells.

Prolactin

Released and produced in the Anterior Pituitary

Release into the bloodstream is inhibited by Dopamine, from the Hypothalamus.

Protein Hormone

As the babystarts suckling

Dopamine is inhibited

Increases Prolactinrelease, fromanterior pituitary

Oxytocin – Milk release

Involved in maturation of mammary glands and milk production

Pro + Lactin = Before Milk (Greek)

Estrogen also increases the production and secretion of Prolactin into the system

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

and

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Both Glycoprotein Hormones

Both are produced in the anterior pituitaryBoth target the gonads (Ovaries and Testes)

Produced by gonadotropes in theanterior pituitary

Sertoli Cells canrelease inhibin iftoo much testosteroneis present.

This inhibits FSH.

Growth Hormone (GH)

AKA somatotropin

Stimulates the growth of bones and soft tissue.

Controls the metabolism of glucose and other fuels

Protein Hormone

Promotes fat catabolism. Causes cells to switch from burning carbs to burning fat stores.

Accelerates rate of glycogen stores in the liver to convert to glucose.

How does this help increase blood glucose levels?

1.

Hypothalamus releases Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH)when Insulin-like growth factor is too low.

When levels are too high, it signals the hypothalamus to release somatostatin.This inhibits the anterior pituitary from releasing GH, Growth Hormone.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)Glycoprotein Hormone

Targets: ThyroidPromotes the release of Thyroxine (T4)and Triiodothyroxine (T3)

Both T4 and T3

Mostly T4 (Thyroxine)

T3 (Triiodothyroxine) is the more active form

T4 to T3 in Liver

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)Peptide Hormone

Stimulates adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids (steroids)

Example: cortisol

Controlled byCorticotropin-releasinghormone (CRH)

Once Cortisol is released, it negatively inhibits the hypothalamusfrom releasing CRH