ANTIBIOTICS

A SHORT GUIDE FOR ANTIBIOTICS

GRAM +S - PENICILLIN

USUALLY USED FOR STREPTOCOCCUS/ RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

1- PENICILLIN V (ORAL)

2- BENZYL PENICILLIN (IM) (COULD BE STORED FOR A LONG TIME- USED FOR MENINGITIS IN GENERAL PRACTICE; BUT IN HOSPITAL CEFTRIAXONE IV IS PREFERRED BECAUSE OF CSF PENETRATION)

PNEUMONIA TREATMENT

1- AMOXICILLIN

2- AMOXICILLIN+CLARITHROMYCIN//AZITHROMYCIN (STAT)

3- CO-AMOXICLAV+CLARITHROMYCIN (HAP) - COVERS RESISTANCE AS WELL BECAUSE IT ALSO COVERSB-LACTAMS

4- TAZOCIN – COVERS PSEUDOMONAS AS WELL

ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA: YOU NED TO GIVE ANAEROBIC COVER AND CO-AMOXICLAV//TAZOCIN COVERS IT

WE PREFER NARROW SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS BECAUSE OF RESISTANCE AND C.DIFF!

C.DIFF

METRONIDAZOLE

VANCOMYCIN

METRONIDAZOLE CAN MOVE ACROSS GUT THEREFORE IT IS BETTER TO GIVE AS IV BUT VANCOMYCIN DOESN’T MOVE DUE TO ITS HYDROPHILIC PROPERTIES THEREFORE ORAL IS BETTER SINCE IT WILL STAY IN BLOOD AND WOULDN’T GO TO GUT.

MILD: ORAL METRONIDAZOLE

MODERATE: IV METRONIDAZOLE

SEVERE: ORAL VANCOMYCIN

GRAM –S - GENTOMYCIN

STAYS IN BLOOD

STERILIZES BLOOD

USUALLY USED AS AN ADD-ON E.G: SEVERE SEPSIS- TO DECREASE BACTERIA IN BLOOD

ALSO USED FOR PSEUDOMONAS AND PYELONEPHRITIS (STAYS CONCENTRATED IN KIDNEYS BECAUSE OF BLOOD FILTRATION IN KIDNEYS)

PSEUDOMONAS TREATMENT

VERY RESISTANT ORGANISM, USUALLY SEEN IN LUNGS (DISEASES OF CHRONIC SECRETIONS SUCH AS CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND BRONCHIECTRASIS) /ULCERS - GREEN COLOURED

GENTAMYCIN

TAZOCIN

CIPROFLOXACIN

IMEPENEM

CEFTAROLINE

STAPHYLOCOCCUS

ANYTHING THAT GETS THROUGH SKIN:

HIP REPLACEMENT OPERATIONS

DRUG USERS

CANNULAS/LINES

1- FLUCLOXACILLIN

2- AUGMENTIN

3- VANCOMYCIN IV (MRSA)

PENICILLIN ALLERGY

CEPHALOSPORINS HAVE 10% OVERLAP WITH PENICILLIN THEREFORE COULD NOT BE USED IN PENICILLIN ALLERGY

CARBOPENEM IS ALSO LINKED AND COULD NOT BE USED