anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

20
PRESENTED BY MOHIT BANSAL IV YEAR B.V.SC. & A.H. RAGACOVAS ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE - CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Transcript of anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Page 1: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

PRESENTED BYMOHIT BANSALIV YEAR B.V.SC. & A.H.RAGACOVAS

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE -

CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Page 2: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

The strength of trillions upon

trillions of

micro-organism , combined with

ancient force of evolution will

inevitably

over power our drugs

Page 3: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Darwin's Theory

The evolution of microorganism is Darwinian : in the face of change , THE FITTEST SURVIVES

Page 4: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

It is the ability of micro-organism to survive concentration of antibiotic that is sensitive to cells of same strain.

When a sensitive strain gain the ability

to withstand an antibiotic, its an antibiotic resistant

Page 5: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Mechanism of action of different antibiotics

Page 6: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Mechanism of action of antibiotic resistance

Page 7: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Recent challenges

MDR-TB & XDR –TB

MRSA

Vancomycin resistant Enterococci

Beta lactamase NDM-I

Antibiotic resistant E.coli

Page 8: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

MRSA

Page 9: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

MDR-TB & XDR-TB

Page 10: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

NDM-1

Page 11: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

ESBLs are beta-lactamases that hydrolyze extended-spectrum cephalosporins with an oxyimino side chain.

The ESBLs are frequently plasmid encoded.

Page 12: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Causes of development

of antimicrobial

resistance

Page 13: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

INAPPROPRIATE AND IRRATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS

Page 14: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Weak or absence of surveillance and monitoring

system

Page 15: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Inappropriate use of antibiotics in livestock as growth promoters

Page 16: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Depleted arsenals of

Diagnostics

Vaccines

Page 17: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Global Concern

Failure of response to standard treatment

Hampers the control of infectious diseases

Increase in cost of health care

Threatens a return to pre- antibiotic era

Jeopardizes health care gains to society

Page 18: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

SOLUTIONS QUORUM SENSING- confers virulence,

conjugation,sporulation & biofilm formation. Q.S. can acts as potential target for antimicrobial resistance bacteria

Vaccination

Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics

Rapid diagnostic tests

Antibiotic susceptibility test

Rational usage of antibiotics

Page 19: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

CONCLUSION

There is a need to extend the capabilities of antimicrobial therapies, to develop drugs that destroy pathogens and also undermine resistance mechanism in more effective way.

Page 20: anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions

Thank you