anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions
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Transcript of anti microbial resistances challenges and solutions
PRESENTED BYMOHIT BANSALIV YEAR B.V.SC. & A.H.RAGACOVAS
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE -
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
The strength of trillions upon
trillions of
micro-organism , combined with
ancient force of evolution will
inevitably
over power our drugs
Darwin's Theory
The evolution of microorganism is Darwinian : in the face of change , THE FITTEST SURVIVES
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
It is the ability of micro-organism to survive concentration of antibiotic that is sensitive to cells of same strain.
When a sensitive strain gain the ability
to withstand an antibiotic, its an antibiotic resistant
Mechanism of action of different antibiotics
Mechanism of action of antibiotic resistance
Recent challenges
MDR-TB & XDR –TB
MRSA
Vancomycin resistant Enterococci
Beta lactamase NDM-I
Antibiotic resistant E.coli
MRSA
MDR-TB & XDR-TB
NDM-1
ESBLs are beta-lactamases that hydrolyze extended-spectrum cephalosporins with an oxyimino side chain.
The ESBLs are frequently plasmid encoded.
Causes of development
of antimicrobial
resistance
INAPPROPRIATE AND IRRATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS
Weak or absence of surveillance and monitoring
system
Inappropriate use of antibiotics in livestock as growth promoters
Depleted arsenals of
Diagnostics
Vaccines
Global Concern
Failure of response to standard treatment
Hampers the control of infectious diseases
Increase in cost of health care
Threatens a return to pre- antibiotic era
Jeopardizes health care gains to society
SOLUTIONS QUORUM SENSING- confers virulence,
conjugation,sporulation & biofilm formation. Q.S. can acts as potential target for antimicrobial resistance bacteria
Vaccination
Use of narrow spectrum antibiotics
Rapid diagnostic tests
Antibiotic susceptibility test
Rational usage of antibiotics
CONCLUSION
There is a need to extend the capabilities of antimicrobial therapies, to develop drugs that destroy pathogens and also undermine resistance mechanism in more effective way.
Thank you