anti malarial drugs
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Transcript of anti malarial drugs
objectives
At the end of this presentation the learner will be able to:
Define the anti malarial drugs.
Recognize the Actions of antimalarial drugs.
Describe the Indications of antimalarial drugs .
Discuss the contraindications.
Identify the Toxic effects.
Interpret the dose of antimalarial drugs.
Identify the Nursing Interventions .
What is malaria?
It is a protozoal disease characterized
by paroxysms of chills ,fever and
invasion of red blood cells by parasite
plasmodium.
Types of malaria
• There are four species of plasmodium
(malarial parasite).
• Plasmodium vivax (most common)
• Plasmodium malaria
• Plasmodium ovale
• Plasmodium falciparum ( most dangerous)
Chloquine
• It has long been used in the treatment or
prevention of malaria. After the malaria
parasite Plasmodium falciparum started
to develop.
Actions
• Chloroquine is an aminoquinoline. It is
thought to kill sensitive malaria parasites by
stopping normal metabolism inside the
parasite.
Indication
• Chloroquine can be used for preventing
malaria from Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale
and P. malariae.
Contra indication
• Allergy
• Pregnany
• If you have psoriasis, stomach or intestinal
problems, liver disease, or central nervous
system problems
Toxic effects
• Side effects include gastrointestinal
problems, stomachache, itch, headache,
• postural hypotension, nightmares and blurred
vision.
• Another serious side effect is toxicity to the
eye or Chloroquine retinopathy.
Dosage
• Artemether-lumefantrine (artem™)
1 tablet = 20mg artemether and 120 mg
lumefantrine
3-day treatment schedule with a total of 6 oral
doses. The patient should receive the initial
dose, followed by the second dose 8 hours
later, then 1 dose po bid for the following 2
days.
Fansidar
• Generic name: sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine
• Treating and preventing malaria when other
medicines (eg, chloroquine) are not effective
or appropriate.
Actions
• Fansidar is an antimalarial agent. It works
by blocking the formation of folinic acid
within the malaria organism, which kills
the parasite.
Dosage
• For adults; 2 to 3 tablets taken as a single dose.
Once Weekly 1 tablet Once Every
2 Weeks 2 tablets.
• For children; The dosage for treatment of
malaria in children is based upon body weight
Nursing interventions
• Take Fansidar after a meal.
• Swallow Fansidar whole. Do not break, crush,
or chew before swallowing.
• Drinking extra fluids while you are taking
Fansidar is recommended.
• If you miss a dose of Fansidar, take it as soon
as possible. Do not take 2 doses at once.
References
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.clinicalnursing.com
• www.webmed.com
• Danish,I.(2012).Medical Diagnosis And Management.(11th ed).karachi.paramountpublishing enterprize.