Sulfonamides- static, prevent bacterial synthesis of folic acid; broad spectrumTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim, septra) UTIs, otitis media, bronchitisilver sulfadiazine (silvadene topical cream) burnulfasalazine (azulfidine) ulcerative colitis, chrons disease aller!ic to salicylates"#- sulfa aller!y, photosens, n$%, diarrhea, pancreatitis, a!ranulocytosis, anemia,crystalluria, convulsions, oran!e-yello& s'in $ urine, stevens-(ohnson syndrome- red papules on extremities, no pain or itchin!, treat &) topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, emollientsImplications- hydrate (crystalluria), stomatits, do not !ive &ith antacids; effects of anti-coa!ulants, oral !lycemics, anti-seizureTetracyclines- inhibit protein synthesis of bacteria, used inpenicillin-aller!ic pts* Tetracycline (achromycin)+emeclocycline (declomycin) oral+oxycycline (vibramycin) vein irritationUses- clamydia, mycoplasma, ric'ettsia, acne, h*pyloric, pleural effusions, ,I+ pre!nant, nursin!, children-. b)c teeth enamel "#- discoloration of teeth, retard fetal s'eletal development, superinfections, bul!in! fontanelles in neonates, thrombocytopenia, exacerbate systems in lupus, !i upset, photosensitivityImplications- !ive &)food, dont !ive &)in /hrs before or 0hrs after dairy or antacidsUrinary tract agents- bacterialcidal, short termtreatment, avoid catheterization, encoura!e fluids1itrofurantoin (macrobid, macrodantin),henazopyridine (pyridium) not anti-infective, !iven for pain-lactum anti-bacterials- bacterialcidal, inhibit synthesis of cell &allsPenicillin- from molds, staph $ strep, resistanceproblemsUses- pharyn!itis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, syphilis, menin!itism edocarditis, pneumococcal infections, staphyloccal, !onococcal"#- lethar!y, hallucinations, depression, coma, convulsions, 1$%, diarrhea, anemia, bleedin! time, bone marro& suppression, hyper'alemia)hypo'alemia, taste alterations, hives, rash, most common- uticaria, pruitus, an!ioedema2asic penicillins- penicillin ! procaine, penicillin ! benthazine, penicillin ! sodium, pen v potassium,enicillin- resistant penicillins- able to resistbrea'do&n by penicillin destroyin! enzyme penicillinase- nafcillin, cloxzcillin, dicloxacillin,oxacillin"minopenicillins- presence of free amino acids- amoxicillin, ampicillin, bacampicillin#xtended-spectrum penicillins- ticarcillin, ampicillin, amoxicillinm, piperacillin, carbenicillin, timentin, zosyn1ursin! implications- ,en v 3- best absorbed on empty stomach 4hr before or / hr after, avoid acidic (uice; "moxicillin $ carbenicillin- best absorbed if ta'en &)food5ral contraception reduced; false 6 urine !lucose; very irritatin! to tissue and veins; blood dyscrasias; ' $ 1a levels; probenecid- slo& renal excretions $ serum levels7ypersensitivity reaction- do s'in test 4st;epinephrine, oxy!en, endotracheal intubation, tracheostomy, hydrocortisoneCephalosporins- broader than penicillin, less resistant, similar action, more active a!ainst !ram-Uses- resp tract infections, bone $ (oint infections, septicemia, UTIs4st !eneration8 !ram6; limited !ram-cefazolincephapirincephalexincephradine/nd !eneration8 !ram6, &)enhanced !ram-cefaclorcefuroximecefamandolecefoxitin0rd !eneration8 more potent than /$0 a!ainst !ram-; less on !ram 6ceftazidimeceftazineceftriaxone9th !eneration8 more resistant to -lactamsecefepime"#- similar to penicillin; :I upsets, bone marro& suppression1ursin! implications- asses for aller!ies, temp*, blood count, bleedin! $ clottin! time, renal studies, hepatic function studies, diarrhes, bloody stools, addominal pain, give with food or milkCarbapenems- cidal, broadest, preserved for most complicated infections (bone, (oint, s'in, pelvic), hospital use only, not used 4st line dru! therapyImipenum-cilastatin (primaxin);eropenem (merrem);onobactam aztreonam (azactam)- a!ainst aerobic !ram-; cidal, lysis of cell &all; e*coli, 'lebsiella, pseudomonas; preserves normal flora"#- drug-induced seizure activity1ursin! implications- aller!ies, neurolo!ic assessment, asses hearin! levels, :I- diarrhea 1$%acrolides- static, inhibit protein synthesis,treat upper and lo&er resp infections, s'in, soft tissue, !"#$%&&'$("S )$S*#rythromycin"zithromycin