ANTHROPOMETRY

Presentation for Ergonomics

Team Members

1. Aldric Tinker2. Mohamad Tareq

Azlan3. Aidil Adha4. Frank Ugak5. Raymond6. Nelson7. Leon Gombek

8. Bill Clinton

Presented by Aidil Adha

Introducing Anthropometry

Definition

 Anthropometry is the measure of wo/man (anthro=man, pometry=measure).

The study of anthropometry is the study of human body measurements to assist in understanding human physical variations and aid in anthropological classification.

Purpose of Anthropometry

Guide in designing: Equipment Workstation Work requirement

Humans have a variety of physical sizes and capabilities

Anthropometry aims to meet the needs that best fit a number of those concerned

Focus of Anthropometry

Focusing on the operator/worker using the work equipment/workstation and doing the work

Taking into consideration the static and dynamic measurements of the human body: Static – as it is without movement Dynamic – involving movement

Presentation by Aldric Tinker

Theory of Probability in Anthropometry

Introducing the Theory of Probability

The branch of mathematics concerned with analysis of random phenomena

Used predominantly in statistics As a mathematical foundation

for statistics, probability theory is essential to many human activities that involve quantitative analysis of large sets of data.

The Theory of Probability

Random variable is defined as  a variable whose value results from a measurement on some type of random process

Because it is impossible to measure all the workers (“target group”), a sample or small group of that.

Expressed in the Normal Distribution Curve/Bell Curve

Bell Curve

Bell Curve - Skills

Bell Curve – HR Perspective

Coming back…

Presented by Mohd Tareq Azlan

Anthropometric Data

What is Anthropometric Data? Data on human dimensions in static and

dynamic state

Static Anthropometric Measurement Passive measures of the dimensions of

the human body Used to determine size & spacing

requirements of workspace E.g. Finger size & length, arm length

extended, arm length at 90°

Static Anthropometric Measurement

Dynamic Anthropometric Measurement

Measures of dynamic properties of the human body

Examples: Strength Endurance Angle of movement

Used to match the dynamic characteristics of controls to the user

Dynamic Anthropometric Measurement

Presented & Demonstrated by Raymond

Hands & Fingers Basic Types of Motion

Hands & Fingers Basic Motions Flexion - Bending movement

that decreases the angle between two parts

Hands & Fingers Basic Motions Extension - The opposite of flexion; a

straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts.

Hands & Fingers Basic Motions Pronation - A rotation of the forearm

that moves the palm from an anterior-facing position to a posterior-facing position, or palm facing down.

Hands & Fingers Basic Motions Supination - the rotation of the forearm

so that the palm faces anteriorly, or palm facing up. 

Fingers Basic Motions - Abduction Adjusting relation to mid-line of body A motion that pulls a structure or

part away from the midline of the body (or, in the case of fingers and toes, spreading the digits apart, away from the centerline of the hand or foot).

Fingers Basic Motion - Adduction Adjusting relation to mid-line of body A motion that pulls a structure or

part towards the midline of the body, or towards the midline of a limb.

Presented & demonstrated by Leon Gombek

Feet Motions

Feet Motion - Pronation

Inward roll of the foot

Feet Motion - Supination

Outward roll of the foot during normal motion

Feet Motion - Dorsiflexion

Extension of the entire foot superiorly, as if taking one's foot off an automobile pedal.

Feet Motion – Plantarflexion

Flexion of the entire foot inferiorly, as if pressing an automobile pedal. Occurs at ankle.

Feet Motion - Eversion

The movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane.

Feet Motion - Inversion

The movement of the sole towards the median plane (same as when an ankle is twisted).

Presented by Nelson

Anthropometric Design Principles

Anthropometric Design Principles1. Design for the extremes2. Design for adjustability3. Design for average

Designs for the Extremes

Design meant to fit the axial extremes: Tallest & shortest Thinnest & Widest Lightest & heaviest

May result in waste, but allows maximum useage

Example: ladders, vehicles

Designs for Adjustability

Design to fit 5th to 95th percentiles of the population

User/operator can adjust to their physical capabilities.

E.g. adjustable chairs and seats

Design for the Average

Designed to accommodate the selected portion of the population

Problem: May eliminate the use by more users/operators

Solution: Predetermine physical requirements of operators

E.g. Firefighting equipment & fire fighters

Presented by Frank Ugak & Bill Clinton

Procedure for Anthropometric Design

Step 1: Characterise user population

Identify who will be involved/interact with the tool/equipment or process

Identify the job that they’re doing

Step 2: Determine important body dimension

Not all body parts will be involved in the operation. Which ones are?

What are the important dimensoins?

Step 3: Apply Anthropometric Principles

Based on the Anthropometric Principles, select one to apply

Step 4: Determine percentile range Which percentile range are the target

from? What measurements adequately fit

these operators?

Step 5: Anthropometric Measures Which measures correspond with your

target? Are they:

Male or female or both? Under 160cm, 160-170cm or over 170cm –

or other relevant height? Are they Asian, Caucasian, African? Are they fit, obese, lean? Etc.

Step 6: Appropriate allowance Will the operator/worker wear clothing or

use other equipment that we should consider?

What is the work environment the operator will be in like? Is there wide space for movement? Will it be confined?

Step 7: Test & Feedback

Test the design Obtain operator’s feedback

By Aldric Tinker

Summary

Summary

Anthropometry – The Study of Human Dimensions

Meant to provide statistical data to improve working conditions and overall health and safety in the workplace.

Anthropometric design principles Procedure for anthropometric design

Ask all you want – we won’t bribe you for not asking. If we can’t answer, we’ll just say we don’t know.

Question & Answer Session

Thank you for your cooperation.

Wishing you the Very Best for the Exams