Handling the divergence constraints in Maxwell and Vlasov-Maxwell ...
ANSYS Maxwell 2019 R1 Highlights -...
Transcript of ANSYS Maxwell 2019 R1 Highlights -...
ANSYS Maxwell2019 R1 Highlights
2018 2019 2020
Outline
3
• 2019 R1 Story – NVH for Traction Applications
• Core Technology
• HPC Enhancements
• Multiphysics
• Meshing Enhancements
• Usability Enhancements
2019 R1 Story – NVH for Traction Applications
• Objective
• Challenges
• Workflow
Objective
Efficient Simulation of Noise and Vibration originated from Electrical Machines
❑ Reduced development cost
❑ Comprehensive and robust solution
❑ Faster development cycles
Challenges
Efficient Simulation of Noise and Vibration originated from Electrical Machines
❑ Identification and modeling of contributing noise sources
❑ Access to desired outputs
❑ Efficient and Accurate prediction
❑ Performance optimization
Gap
Forces
➢ Electromagnetic
➢ Mechanical
➢ Air flow
Multiphysics Workflow
Electromagnetic Field Structural Dynamics Acoustic Field
Electromagnetics
Modal and Harmonic Response Harmonic Acoustic
Single-RPM
Multiple-RPM
• Automatic creation of Waterfall diagram which gives the full noise fingerprint
• Competitive computation time with object-based harmonic force/harmonic response coupling
Mode 1
Mode 2
Mode 3
Fast Multi-RPM Vibration and Acoustic Analysis
VelocityForce
Equivalent Radiated Power
Waterfall diagram
Modal analysis
Core Technology
• Electrical Machine Design Workflow Improvements• Electrical Machine Toolkit
• New Pre-Processing Workflow
• AEDT Post-Processing Integration of Customized Solution
• Full Model Visualization from Partial Model Solution
• 2D Skewing Improvements
• Magnetization and Demagnetization Based on Hysteresis Modeling
• Multi-motion Modeling in 3D Transient
• Core Loss Manufacturing Dependency – Parameter Extraction
Electrical Machine Toolkit
• Use periodic TDM as solution method for induction machine
- More than 10X speed up
- Significantly improve reliability
• Better sampling strategies and more engineering data in output
• Significant improvement in post processing
TDM + linear sampling TDM + nonlinear samplingNon TDM + linear sampling
Before: profile did not change with leakage impedance
End leakage inductance = 2.811 mH End leakage inductance = 0.811 mH
Now: profile changes with leakage impedances
Efficiency Map Improvement
Allow RMxprt to import custom CAD geometry for stator and/or rotor
Electrical Machine Pre-processing Improvement
Imported
• Complete design setup:• Add remaining geometry, winding
arrangement, housing, etc• Rigid motion• Material setup including
magnetizing direction• Excitations, and boundaries• Transient setup and outputs
RMxprt
Final
AEDT Post-processing Integration of Customized Solution for Electrical Machines
• Provide with customized, efficient and accurate results for electrical machines
• Any n-phase machine is supported including electrical machines with field windings
• Calculate average and RMS parameters• Calculate Transient D-Q parameters
Electrical Machine Quantity Parameters
Full Model Visualization from Partial Model Solution
3D - Continuous skew
3D - Step skew
2D Skewing Improvements
• Support both Continuous Skew and Step Skew
− Continuous skew is normally used to model skewed slots
− Step skew is normally used to model shifted bulk magnets or multi-staged rotor
• Support both even and odd number of slices
Magnetization and Demagnetization Based on Hysteresis Modeling
Hysteresis model based approach
• •(0,0)
Model both magnetization (Hc> 0) & demagnetization (Hc <0)
Non-Hysteresis PM approach
•(0,0)
Hc cannot exceed zero to model only demagnetization
• Based on vector hysteresis modeling capability with the specification of initial magnetization direction working in all four quadrants
• Model magnetization and demagnetization process at the same time
• Consider magnetization/demagnetization in all directions
• Applicable to all nonlinear permanent magnets to model real physics with reasonable computational cost
Multi-motion Modeling in 3D Transient
Axial magnetic gearBand1Band2
• Allow the combination of different motion types in one design (cylindrical rotational motion, non-cylindrical rotational motion, periodic translational motion and non-periodic translational motion)
• Different motion types can be mixed as long as the bands between each motion type do not touch
• Typical applications:
• Electrical motors, such as multi-rotor motors for optimal performance under different speed ranges
• System simulation – normally involving more than one motion components
• Magnetic gears
Two cut edges are produced by each cut
Input parameter
“Equiv. Cut Depth”
Extracted
“Equiv. Cut Depth”
Display input curves, or
regression curves, or both
Launch toolExtract Equiv.
Cut Depth
Core Loss Manufacturing Dependency – Parameter Extraction
• Considers decrease in permeability and increase of local hysteresis in the vicinity of cut edges
• Use “Edge Cut…" mesh operation in both 2D/3D to refine mesh near edge
• Tool determines “Equiv. Cut Depth” based on multiple core-loss-curve with different number of cut-edges
• Extracted “Equiv. Cut Depth” used to construct regression curves vs input curves
High Performance Computing
• Half-Periodic TDM in 2D and 3D
• 3D Transient Source - Target Link using TDM
• 3D Eddy Current – MPI-based Domain Decomposition Method
Periodic Half-periodic
Memory 331.7 GB 189.1 GB
CPU 295 mins 168 mins
31 cores/tasks, 120 time steps per one period
Three phase synchronous generator
Half-Periodic TDM in 2D and 3D
• Cut memory usage about half, solving large problems using limited hardware resource
• Reduce computation time roughly by half
Three phase induction motor
• Efficiently solve complicated practical problems
• Induction motor design: source at locked speed, target at real speed
• Power electronics design: source using sinusoidal, target using PWM
Sinusoidal source PWM Source
3D Transient Source-Target Link using TDM
3D Eddy Current – MPI-based Domain Decomposition Method
• MPI-based Domain Decomposition for both iterative and direct solvers
• Can use different machines/nodes to solve same design to access more memory
• Multi-level HPC is supported
New Job Distribution Type
MPI OpenMP
Both Iterative and Direct solvers
• OpenMP shared memory
• MPI based DDM̶ Applicable to iterative solver and direct solver
• Multi-level HPC is supported
3D Eddy Current – MPI-based Domain Decomposition Method
1. OpenMp (matrix-solving only, R19.2, 1 task, 10 cores)
2. OpenMp (R19.3, 1 task, 10 cores)
3. DDM (R19.3, 8 tasks, 10 cores/task, totally 80 cores)
Induction machine simulated on EBU cluster
Multiphysics
• Fast Electromagnetically Excited Acoustic Noise and Vibration Modeling
for Electrical Machine Design
• 2-way Maxwell-Icepak Coupling in AEDT
• New Fluent Transient to Maxwell Eddy Current using System Coupling
Maxwell LF Analysis Harmonic Analysis
Transfer Forces Generate ERP and Waterfall plot
Harmonic Acoustic Analysis
Noise-Vibration and Acoustic Modeling for Electrical Machines
Spe
ed
(rp
m)
Acoustic Frequency (Hz)
Waterfall contour map gives the full acoustic fingerprint of the machine
Vertical Line:
• Given by one fixed eigenfrequency excited at different speeds of rotation
Horizontal Line:
• Single rpm load case yielding one frequency response function
Inclined Line:
• Excitation order of the electromagnetic force-density revealing a large ERP zone with its origin in single eigenfrequency that is met by both frequency and spatial load pattern of excitation and system mode
Blue domain in the right part of the plotindicates the modal basis being too short for high frequencies
Noise-Vibration and Acoustic Modeling for Electrical Machines
AEDT Icepak
HFSS – Icepak HFSS – Icepak
Maxwell – Icepak Q3D – Icepak
2-way Maxwell-Icepak Coupling in AEDT
• Easy mapping of Electromagnetic losses into AEDT-Icepak
• 2-Way Coupling element controls number of iterations
• Thermal dependent conductivity considered
New Fluent Transient to Maxwell Eddy Current using System Coupling
• Application target: Induction Heating
• Controlled by command line External Program (outside of Workbench) for tighter bi-directional coupling and more functionality
• System Coupling is controlling the sub-cycling simulation process between Fluent transient analysis and Maxwell eddy-current simulation
Induction Coil with Resulting Core Temperature Distribution
Meshing Enhancements
• 3D Clone Mesh for Moving and Stationary Parts
• 3D Mesh Density Control
• Edge-Cut Mesh
• Skin-Depth Meshing Improvements
Regular Mesh
Clone Mesh
Regular Mesh at moving region (R19.1)
Clone Mesh at moving region (R19.2)
3D Clone Mesh for Moving and Stationary Parts
• Automatically create 2D/3D clone mesh for both rotor and stator
• Dramatically reduces mesh noise
• Beneficial for accurate cogging torque computation
Mesh Density ControlR19.2 2019 R1
No density control Density control on coils and stator Density control on rotor
20 layers8 layers
Mesh density is changed, while clone mesh is still maintained
R19.2 R19.3
Edge Cut mesh on both static and moving side.
CoreLoss with Edge Cut MeshCoreLoss without Edge Cut Mesh
Automatic edge cut on master and slave
No edge cut mesh
Edge-Cut Mesh
Skin-Depth Meshing Improvements
Layers are protected through pass refinement
Assume skin depth thickness values is d
d
d
d
d
• Build layer mesh structure• The layers are protected through pass refinement• Can be applied to the selected faces of solid bodies• Elements stretched parallel to faces• Compressed in the normal direction
• Getting faster to the right answers - convergence on total energy and adaptive refinement energy
Usability Enhancements
• Variable Field Expression Cache
• 2D Distributed Solve Improvements within WB
• New Optimizers available in AEDT 2019 R1
• Maxwell2D Distributes Variation via Solver Licenses
Variable Field Expression Cache• Variables can be used for save fields and expression cache evaluations
• Allow user to only save fields and calculate expressions when desired
• Quicker solution and less memory needed
Variable Field Expression Cache
• Stop and end time can be dependent on rotor speed
• Can specify a window for results to be reported such as last period
RotorSpeed (rpm)
End Time(ms)
2000 10
6000 3.33…
10000 2
14000 1.428…
End Time 1/((RotorSpeed/1rpm)/60)/3
2D Distributed Solve improvements within Workbench
• DesignModeler-Optimetrics batch support in WB
• Allow Distribution Solve in Optimetrics with upstream geometry link in batch mode
Maxwell2D Distributes Variation via Solver Licenses
New “HPC and Analysis Options”
• Provide a consistent licensing model for variation distribution
• Solve in WB and AEDT environment
New Optimizers available in AEDT 2019 R1
1. Screening (Shifted Hammersley) 2. MOGA (Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm)3. NLPQL (Non-linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian)4. MISQP (Mixed-Integer Sequential Quadratic Programming Method)5. Adaptive Multiple-Objective6. Adaptive Single-Objective
• There are six new optimization methods in AEDT coming from DX