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10. Answers to Practice Exam 11.Answer D is the best response. You have a responsibility to refrain from

accepting inappropriate forms of compensation for personal gain. AnswersA and C are incorrect for this reason. Answer B is a poor choice becausethe appearance of impropriety is present.

2.Answer D is the correct response. A wor breadown structure !"B#$ isnot a component of the pro%ect charter. Answers A& B& and C are allcomponents of the pro%ect charter.

3.Answer A is the best response. A pro%ect manager should be assigned priorto the start of pro%ect planning. Answer B is incorrect because the pro%ectmanager should be assigned prior to the creation of a pro%ect charter.Answer C is incorrect because a pro%ect manager should be assigned priorto& not during& pro%ect planning. #imilarly& answer D is incorrect because a

pro%ect manager should be in place before pro%ect e'ecution.4.Answer C is the best response. A pro%ect scope statement documents what

wor is to be accomplished and which deliverables need to be produced.Answers A and B are both individually correct& but answer C is the betterresponse. Answer D is incorrect.

5.Answer D is the best response. A statement of wor !#("$ identifies thebusiness need for the pro%ect& the pro%ect or product re)uirements& and thestrategic plan for the organi*ation. Answers A& B& and C are individuallycorrect& but answer D is the better response.

6.Answer C is the correct response. +ro%ect selection methods are used todetermine which pro%ect the organi*ation will select. ,hese methods fall

into two categories- benefit measurement methods and mathematicalmodels. Benefit measurement methods include scoring models& economicmodels& and benefit contribution& maing answers A& B& and D incorrect. Amathematical model is a category of models and not a specific model initself.

7.Answer A is the correct response. ,he change control system is asubsystem of the configuration management system.

8.Answer B is the best response. ,he pro%ect manager& along with thepro%ect management team& directs the performance of the planned pro%ectactivities and manages the technical and organi*ational interfacesnecessitated by the pro%ect and occurring continuously throughout the

pro%ect lifecycle.9.Answer D is the best response. arned value techni)ue !/,$ measuresperformance of the pro%ect as it moves through the entire pro%ect life cycle&from pro%ect initiation through pro%ect closing.

10.Answer D is the best response. ,he pro%ect scope management planincludes preparation of a detailed pro%ect scope statement& creation of thewor breadown structure !"B#$& and a process specifying how formalverification and acceptance of the completed pro%ect deliverables will beobtained.

11.Answer D is the best response. Approved change re)uests can cause achange to pro%ect scope& pro%ect )uality& and pro%ect schedule.

12.Answer C is the correct response. ,he wor breadown structure !"B#$ isa deliverable0oriented hierarchical decomposition of the wor to be

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e'ecuted by the pro%ect team to accomplish the pro%ect ob%ectives andcreate the re)uired deliverables.

13.Answer C is the correct response. ,he wor breadown structure !"B#$provides a detailed definition of wor specified in the current& approvedpro%ect scope statement. Both answers A and B describe the "B# and are

therefore incorrect responses to the )uestion.14.Answer C is the correct response. Decomposition is a planning techni)ue

that subdivides pro%ect deliverables into smaller& more manageablecomponents until the pro%ect wor and pro%ect deliverables are defined atthe wor pacage level.

15.Answer D is the correct response. ,he pro%ect cost and pro%ect schedulefor wor can be reliably estimated at the wor pacage& or lowest& level ofthe wor breadown structure !"B#$. ,he wor pacage level is thelowest level of the "B#.

16.Answer B is the best response. You have a responsibility to provideaccurate and truthful representations in the preparation of estimates

concerning costs& services& and e'pected results. 1t is your responsibility asa pro%ect management professional to give the pro%ect sponsor all theinformation pertinent to mae informed decisions regarding the viabilityand continuation of a pro%ect.

17.Answer D is the correct response. ,he approved detailed pro%ect scope isone component of the pro%ect scope baseline. (ther components are theassociated wor breadown structure !"B#$ and the "B# dictionary.Answer A is incorrect because it is an unapproved preliminary& notdetailed& pro%ect scope. Answer B is incorrect because even though it

purports to be 2approved&2 it is a preliminary& not detailed& pro%ect scope.Answer C is incorrect because it is not an 2approved2 detailed pro%ectscope.

18.Answer B is the correct response. A pro%ect is a temporary endeavorundertaen to create a uni)ue product& service& or result. A pro%ect bydefinition cannot be permanent nor ongoing. A pro%ect has a specifictimeline and duration.

19.Answer D is the correct response. +rogressive elaboration is a techni)uefor continuous improvement in your planning efforts. 3ore details areadded to your planning documents as the information becomes available&and each successive iteration of your planning process results in a better

plan.20.

Answer A is the correct response. ,he ris of pro%ect failure is highest atthe start of a pro%ect. ,he certainty for pro%ect completion increases as thepro%ect continues through its life cycle.

21.Answer A is the correct response. #taeholders have the ability toinfluence the pro%ect scope and pro%ect cost to the greatest e'tent duringthe initiating phase of the pro%ect. ,his influence decreases during the lifecycle of the pro%ect.

22.Answer A is the correct response. +ro%ect changes from scope creep orerror correction have a more significant impact on pro%ect cost as a pro%ectcontinues through its life cycle.

23.Answer C is the correct response. +ro%ect cost and pro%ect staffing levels

are low at the start of a pro%ect& pea during the middle phases of thepro%ect life cycle& and then drop rapidly toward the conclusion of the

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pro%ect.24.Answer C is the best response. A strong matri' structure within an

organi*ation supports a full0time pro%ect manager with considerablepro%ect authority& including budgetary and resource allocation ability& aswell as a full0time pro%ect management administrative staff. Answer A is

incorrect because a functional structure within an organi*ation provides apart0time pro%ect manager with little to no authority and part0timeadministrative support. Answer B is incorrect because a wea matri'structure within an organi*ation supports a part0time pro%ect manager withlimited authority and only part0time administrative staffing. Answer D isincorrect because a pro%ecti*ed structure within an organi*ation provides afull0time pro%ect manager with almost absolute authority and a full0time

pro%ect management administrative staff.25.Answer D is the correct response. 4olling wave planning is a form of

progressive elaboration in which the wor to be performed within the nearterm is planned in detail while wor scheduled for further out is defined at

only a high level in the wor breadown structure !"B#$. 4olling waveplanning is a tool for activity definition. Answer A is incorrect becauseactivity se)uencing entails the documenting of logical relationships amongscheduled activities and is actually the tas following activity definition.Answers B and C are incorrect because the precedence diagrammingmethod !+D3$& also called activity0on0node !A(5$& is a tool for activityse)uencing.

26.Answer A is the correct response. 6inish0to0start is the most common typeof precedence relationship used in the precedence diagramming method!+D3$. ,he initiation of the successor activity is dependent on thecompletion of the predecessor activity in finish0to0start dependencies.

27.Answer C is the correct response. 1nternal dependencies are not a type ofdependency used in se)uencing activities.

28.Answer A is the correct response. Bottom0up estimating is a techni)ue forestimating a component of wor through decomposition. ,he bottom0upestimate is based on the re)uirements for each lower wor pacage andthen combined to estimate the entire component of wor. Answer B isincorrect because there is no techni)ue called decomposed estimating.Answer C is incorrect because should0cost estimating is an activityduration estimating techni)ue. Answer D is incorrect because three0pointestimating is a procurement estimating techni)ue.

29.Answer A is the correct response. Crashing is a schedule compressiontechni)ue whereby the pro%ect cost and pro%ect schedule are optimi*ed toobtain the highest degree of schedule compression for the least cost to the

pro%ect. Crashing does not always result in a viable pro%ect solution andcan increase the overall cost of your pro%ect. Answer B is incorrect

because crashing is not a term used for a pro%ect that is over time and overbudget. Answer C is incorrect because crashing does not necessarily allowyou to meet the planned pro%ect end date. Answer D is incorrect becausefast tracing is another schedule compression tool used to performmultiple phases of pro%ect development in parallel.

30.Answer C is the best response. Cost control involves determining and

evaluating both the cause of a variance and the magnitude of the variance.Answers A and B are both individually correct& but answer C is the best

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answer. Answer D is incorrect.31.Answer A is the correct response. +lanned value !+/$& in the earned value

techni)ue !/,$& is the budgeted cost for wor scheduled to be completedon an activity up to a specific time. Answer B is incorrect because the

budgeted cost for the wor actually completed on the scheduled activity

during a specific time period refers to earned value !/$. Answer C is alsoincorrect because the total cost for wor on the scheduled activity during aspecific time period defines actual cost !AC$. Answer D is incorrect.

32.Answer C is the best response. ,he most commonly used performancemeasure for evaluating whether wor is being completed as planned at anygiven time in a pro%ect is both cost variance !C/$ and schedule variance!#/$. Answers A and B are both individually correct& but answer C is the

best answer. Answer D is incorrect.33.Answer A is the correct response. A cost performance inde' !C+1$ value

less than 7.8 indicates a pro%ect has a cost overrun of the cost estimates.Answer B is incorrect because a cost underrun of the cost estimates is

indicated by a C+1 greater than 7.8. Answers C and D are incorrect.34.Answer D is the correct response. Cost variance !C/$ is calculated by

subtracting the actual cost !AC$ from the earned value !/$. C/ 9 / :A/. 1n the e'ample given& the AC is ;78&888 and the / is ;788&888.;788&888 : ;78&888 9 0;8&888. Answer A is incorrect. Answer B is theschedule variance !#/$& not the C/& so it is incorrect. Answer D isincorrect.

35.Answer B is the correct response. #chedule variance !#/$ is calculated bysubtracting the planned value !+/$ from the earned value !/$. #/ 9 /

: +/. 1n the e'ample given& the +/ is ;=88&888 and the / is ;788&888.;788&888 : ;=88&888 9 :;788&888. Answer A is incorrect& as is answer C.Answer D is the cost variance !C/$& not the #/& so it is incorrect.

36.Answer A is the correct response. ,he cost performance inde' !C+1$ iscalculated by dividing the actual cost !AC$ into the earned value !/$.C+1 9 / AC. 1n the e'ample given& the AC is ;78&888 and the / is;788&888. ;788&888 ;78&888 9 .8???@. A C+1 value less than 7.8indicates a cost overrun of the pro%ect budget. Answer B is incorrect

because& if the pro%ect were under budget& the C+1 value would be greaterthan 7.8. Answer C is incorrect because the C+1 would be 8. Answer D isincorrect.

37.Answer A is the correct response. ,he schedule performance inde' !#+1$ is

calculated by dividing the planned cost !+C$ into the earned value !/$.#+1 9 / +C. 1n the e'ample given& the +C is ;=88&888 and the / is;788&888. ;788&888 ;=88&888 9 .8. A #+1 value allows you to predictthe completion date for a pro%ect in con%unction with the schedule status.iven the math done to arrive at answer A& answers B& C& and D areincorrect.

38.Answer A is the best response. Benchmaring is the practice of comparingyour pro%ect to other planned pro%ect practices or actual pro%ect best

practices in an effort to improve your pro%ect and establish performancemeasurement benchmars. Answer B is incorrect because continuousimprovement is a plan0do0chec0act cycle for improving )uality in the

product developed by a pro%ect. Answer C is incorrect because metrics arespecific defined tools for describing and measuring ey values for )uality

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control. Answer D is incorrect because )uality assurance !A$ is theapplication of planned& systematic activities to achieve specific )ualityob%ectives. A is the overarching process in which continuous processimprovement is practiced. Benchmaring is one tas within the process&and metrics are a way to assess )uality initiatives.

39.Answer D is the correct response. A )uality audit is a structured&independent review providing an assessment of whether a pro%ectsactivities meet organi*ational and pro%ect policies& processes& and

procedures.40.Answer C is the best response. 3onitoring pro%ect activities and results to

evaluate whether the findings comply with applicable )uality standards aswell as identifying mitigation strategies is a )uality control activity.Answers A& B& and D are incorrect.

41.Answer B is the correct response. #tatistical sampling is a )uality controltechni)ue& but it is not one of the seven basic tools of )uality. ,he seven

basic tools of )uality are cause and effect diagram& control charts&

flowcharting& histogram& +areto chart& run chart& and scatter diagram.Answers A& C& and D are incorrect because these items are part of theseven basic tools of )uality.

42.Answer D is the best response. Answer A is correct because 1shiawadiagrams are also nown as cause0and0effect diagrams. Answer C iscorrect because 1shiawa diagrams are also nown as fishbone diagrams.Because both A and B are correct answers& Answer D !both A and C$ is the

best response. Answer B is incorrect. #catter diagrams show the pattern ofthe relationship between two variables& whereas 1shiawa diagrams showhow various factors !causes$ can lin to potential problems !effects$.

43.Answer C is the correct response. A +areto chart is a specific type ofhistogram& ordered by fre)uency of occurrence and showing how manydefects were generated to show nonconformity. Answers A& B& and D areincorrect.

44.Answer D is the best response. +ro%ect communication planning includesall these tass- determining and limiting who will communicate withwhom and who will receive what information& combining the type andformat of information needed with an analysis of the value of theinformation for communication& and understanding how communicationaffects the pro%ect as a whole.

45.Answer D is the best response. Communications technology factors

include the urgency of the information need& the e'pected staffing for thepro%ect& the staff members individual sill sets& and the length of thepro%ect.

46.Answer A is the correct response. ualitative ris analysis occurs prior to)uantitative ris analysis and is a method for prioriti*ing identified rissfor )uantitative ris analysis. Answers B& C& and D are incorrect.

47.Answer A is the correct response. A decision tree diagram can be used toconsider potential riss and all the implications associated with the ris.You can include every conceivable choice and outcome. very option isconsidered. Answer B is incorrect because choice and outcome are limitedto the most probable scenario. Answer C is incorrect because choice and

outcome are limited to the least probable scenario. Answer D is incorrect.48.Answer D is the best response. 4is assessment is not limited to the

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beginning of a pro%ects life cycle when the ris management plan isdeveloped. ,he ris management plan should include a tool for risassessment as a continuous process throughout the pro%ect. 4isreassessment should be a regularly scheduled component of the pro%ect butshould also have the fle'ibility to occur as needed at greater or lesser

intervals based on the level of ris.49.Answer B is the best response. ,he responsibility for tailoring a contract

for goods and services to the needs of the pro%ect lies with the pro%ectmanagement team. ,he pro%ect management team can include the pro%ectmanager& attorneys& andor contract manager& but the responsibility doesnot rest solely with one individual.

50.Answer C is the best response. ,he decision on whether a product orservice can be produced by the pro%ect management team or can be

purchased is called a mae0or0buy analysis.

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