Name _ Date _ Class _

Populations and Communities • Review and Reinforce Ch.. IStudying Populations Se~HDO .2..Understanding Main IdeasAnswer the jollawing questions on Q separate sheet of paper:'

1. Avegetable garden is 12meters long by 7meters wide. In one squaremeter, you count two toads. Estimate the population of toads in thegarden.

2. What are two ways that the size of a population can increase? What aretwo ways that the size of a population can decrease?

Squirrel Population in a City Park, 1992·1999

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~1992 7993 1994 1995 1996 7997 1998 1999

Year

TIre graph above shows Iww the size of the squirrel population in a city park changedouer time. Use the graph to answer questions 3-5.

3. Over which time period(s) did the squirrel population decrease?4. Over which time period(s) did the population increase?5. Inwhich year did the population reach its lowest point? What was the

size of the population that year?6. What causes a population to change in size?7. Identify three limiting factors that can prevent a population from

increasing. Explain how each factor limits a population's size.

Building VocabularyOn a separate sheet of paper, define each of these terms in your own words.

8. population density9. carrying capacity10. immigration

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Answers

Name _ Date _ Class _

Populations and Communities • Guided Reading and Study

Adapting to the Environment (p, 25)

Match the term with its definition.

Term Definition

1. natural selection a. Characteristic that allows a species tolive successfully in its environment

b. The way a species makes its living

c. Process in which a species becomesbetter suited to its environment

2. adaptation

3. niche

Competition (p. 26)

4. Is the following sentence true or false? The struggle between organismsto survive in a habitat with limited resources is called natural selection.

5. Is the following sentence true or false? Specializing can reducecompetition. _

Predation (pp ..27-29)

6. An interaction in which one organism kills and eats another is called____________ . The organism that does the killing is the________ . The organism that is killed is the

7. Is the following sentence true or false? If a prey population decreases,the population of its predator probably will decrease as well.

Symbiosis (pp. 30-31)

8. Complete the compare/ contrast table.

Types of Symbiotic Relationships

Type of Relationship How Species Are Affected

Mutualism

One species benefits; the other species is unharmed. -

One species benefits; the other species is harmed.

9. In a parasitic relationship, the organism that benefits is called a(n)------- , and the organism it lives on or in is called a(n)

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16

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Name __ Date _ Class _

Populations and Communities Review and Reinforce

(se~.~jInteractions Among Living ThingsUnderstanding Main IdeasAnswer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. How does natural selection produce adaptations in a species?2. What is an organism's niche?3. How do adaptations enable organisms to reduce competition for food

and other resources?

Population ofLynx and Hares, 1845-1935

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---lynx

-Hares

The graph above shows how the population sizes of lynx and s'lOwshoe hareschanged over time. Use the graph to answer Questions 4-7.

4. When the hare population increased, what happened to the lynxpopulation? Why?

5. How do you think an increase in the lynx population affected the harepopulation? Why?

6. What other factors could have caused a decrease in the hare population?7. Predict what happened to the two populations between 1935 and 1945.

Building VocabularyRespond to the following items on a separate sheet of paper.

8. Define the terms predation, predator, and prey in your own words. Givean example of a predator-prey relationship. Identify the predator andthe prey.

9. Name and describe the three types of symbiotic relationships.10. Define the term competition.

© Peorson Edll"~on, lar., publishing DSPeDrson P"n~" Holi. All ngh" ""lVed.

Date _ Class _Name _

Populations and Communities • Enrich (Sec::tiE)n '3)Analyzing Interactions Among OrganismsIn 1997, a community decided to get rid of the population of rattlesnakes inthe area. The graph below shows what happened to the populations ofrattlesnakes, birds, and rodents. (The rodents included animals such as mice,rats, and prairie dogs.)

Populations of Rodents, Birds, and Rattlesnakes

1994 1995 1996 1997Year

1998 1999

Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Did the bird populations appear to benefit from the elimination of therattlesnakes? How do you know?

2. Did the rodent populations appear to benefit from the elimination of therattlesnakes? How do you know?

3. What was the main source of food for the rattlesnakes? How can you tell?4. Why do you think the bird populations decreased sharply after the

rattlesnakes were eliminated?5. Do you think it was a good idea for the community to eliminate the

rattlesnake population? Explain your answer.

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~aIne __ Date _

Populations and Communities • Key Terms

Key Terms

Cla88 _

Use the clues to make a list of Key Terms from the chapter. Then find and circle each ofthe key terms in the hidden-word puzzle. The terms may be written across or down.

CluesOrganism that is harmed in parasitism

Struggle between organisms for limited resources in a habitat

Organism that does the killing in predation

Organism that is killed inpredation

All the living and nonliving things that interact in an area

Place where an organism lives and that provides for its needs

Organism that benefits in parasitism

Interaction in which one organism kills and eats another

Study of how living things interact with each other and their environment

An approximation of a number

Relationship in which one species benefits and one is unharmed

A group of similar organisms that can produce fertile offspring

An organism's particular role in an ecosystem

Relationship in which at least one species benefits

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© Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All righls reserved.

Key Terms