ANSWER SCHEME PAPER 2 FORM 4

ANSWER SCHEME PAPER 2 FORM 4

NUMANSWERMARK

1(a)

VoltageVoltan(b)

(c)

1

(d)

Overcome the parallax errorMengatasi ralat paralaks

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2(a)

(i)

Length, Mass, TemperaturePanjang, Jisim, Suhu(ii)

Area, Density, Electrical chargeLuas, Ketumpatan, Cas elektrik(b)

Physical QuantitiesKuantiti fizikType of quantityJenis kuantitiSI unitUnit SIWork doneKerjaScalarSkalarkg m2 s2PowerKuasaScalarSkalarkg m2 s3MomentumMomentumVectorVektorkg m s1

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3

(a)

X Y Z Y X

(b)

9 s

(c)

Scalar quantityKuantiti skalar

(d) i. zero error/ systematic error

ii.24.0 s

(e) i. T = 1.20 s/ 1.2s

ii.

0.3647m / 0.365m/ 36.5cm

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45. a) Volume b) (i) R

(ii) The correct position of the eye should be directly perpendicular to the scale of the water level which is to be measured to avoid parallax errors

c) 0.1

d) (i) 0.01 cm

(ii) 4.77 cm

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5

(a)

(i)

Time interval between two consecutive dotsSelang masa di antara dua titik yang berturutan(ii)

PQ is greater than STPQ lebih besar daripada ST(iii)

DecelerationNyahpecutan(b)

Alternating currentArus ulang-alik(c)

Impulsive forceDaya impuls(d)

The bowl breaks because the bowl is not strong enough to withstand the impulsive force. The hard surface of the bowl causes a short impact time and hence a high impulsive force that breaks the bowlMangkuk pecah kerana mangkuk itu tidak cukup kuat untuk menahan daya impuls. Permukaan keras mangkuk itu menghasilkan masa hentaman yang pendek dan daya impuls yang tinggi yang memecahkan mangkuk(e)

Momentum = mvMomentum = 0.5 5 = 2.5 kg m s1

(f)

Put a thick sponge on the floor/ Wrap the bowl with soft materialLetakkan span yang tebal di atas lantai/ Balutkan mangkuk dengan bahan yang lembut

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6a) 3 m

b) Q

c) 4 s

d)

e)

f) -2 m

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7

a)

b)

c)

d)

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8(a) i)Net Force = 2500 N

ii)The direction of the thrust

iii) A balanced force of an object does not move and has zero net force.

An unbalanced force on an object moves with a net force.

iv) The car will slow down / acceleration decrease

Net force decrease / smaller / less

(b)(i) An object at rest tends to remain at rest // an object in motion tends to stay in motion

(ii)(a) The car

(c) Mass

Inertia is smaller

SECTION B1

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9i. sensitivity of a measuring instrument is the ability of the instrument to detect a small change in the quantity to be measured

ii. Accuracy of a measurement is how close the measurement is to the actual value

the scale of thermometer x contains smaller division

a measuring instrument with a scale smaller division is more sensitive.

Thermometer x is more sensitive than y.

c. - wall of glass bulb is thin

so that the glass bulb does not absorb a large amount of heat. Hence the thermometer will be sensitive.

A large quantity of heat is not needed to expand the mercury column. This will increase the sensitivity of the instrument

The capillary tube is more narrow

So that a small change in temperature will produce a big change in the mercury column. This will make it easier for observations and records of temperature to be made.

The eye of the observer must be perpendicular to the meniscus.

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10-JAWAPAN DI BAWAH-

1111 a) To show the relationship between the variables fixed on the axes

(b) (i) Every measurement must be consistent with the sensitivity of the measuring instrument.

(ii) All the readings must be expressed in correct units.

(iii) The decimal places of all the readings must be consistent

(c) (i) manipulated variable ( mass/m responding variable ( force/F

(ii) F is directly proportional to m

(iii)

(d) (i) 1 Variables on the y-axis ( T/T2

( with correct unit of s/s2 respectively

Scale on x-axis must be appropriate ( No multiple of 3, 6, 7, 9

Points must be plotted correctly ( minimum 5 points

Area of graph drawn must be big enough ( 50%

(ii) Student Y because he plotted t2 correctly on the y- axis, his scale of 0.5 acceptable, he has a minimum of 5 points and the area of his graph is more than 50%.

(e) (i) The spring must be oscillating vertically or

(ii) Amplitud of the oscillating spring should be small or

(iii) The elastic point of the spring is not exceeded

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12-JAWAPAN DI BAWAH-

NOANSWERMARK

10

(a)(i)Mass velocity // Product of mass and velocity1

(a)(ii)Diagram 1.1 Time of change of momentum is shorter.

Diagram 1.2 Time of change of momentum is longer.

Rate of change of momentum produces impulsive force.

Both diagram have same impulsive force // Change of momentum is same.

Time for change of momentum is longer so the impulsive force is smaller // vice versa1

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(a)(iii)Impulsive force1

(b)Thai boxer

Without wearing boxing gloves, the time for change of momentum is shorter.

The impulsive force is larger.1

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(c)Characteristics

Explanation

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Reinforced passenger compartment // High strength and high rigidity of material

It is made of high tensile strength steel that is able to withstand large impulsive force during collision.

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Crumple zones

Extend the time of collision to reduce the impulsive force.

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Safety belt

Prevent passengers form

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Air bag

Lengthen the time of collision

5

Aerodynamic shape

To decrease the air friction

6

Shatterproof windscreen

To prevent passenger get hurt from small glass pieces.

* Maximum 10 marks

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12.

(a)

Speed is the distance travelled per unit timeLaju ialah jarak yang dilalui per unit masa

(b)

Using the concepts of momentum and inertia, explain why the speed limit and the load limit must be imposed on heavy vehicles.Dengan menggunakan konsep momentum dan inersia, terangkan mengapa had laju dan had muatan mesti dikenakan ke atas kenderaan berat.

Speed limit is imposed because:Had laju dikenakan kerana:Momentum depends on mass and velocity. The momentum of a vehicle is high when it travells in high velocity. A high momentum will cause a high impulsive force during a collisionMomentum bergantung kepada jisim dan halaju. Momentum sebuah kenderaan adalah tinggi apabila kenderaan itu bergerak dalam halaju yang tinggi. Momentum tinggi akan menyebabkan daya impuls yang tinggi semasa perlanggaran

Load limit is imposed because:Had muatan dikenakan kerana:Inertia depends on mass. The inertia of a vehicle is high when it carries more load. It is difficult to stop a moving vehicle which is carrying a big loadInersia bergantung kepada jisim. Inersia sebuah kenderaan adalah tinggi apabila kenderaan itu membawa lebih muatan. Adalah susah untuk menghentikan kenderaan bergerak yang membawa muatan berat

(c)

(i)

The type of brakes:Jenis brek:ABS is more effective than air brake - lorry can be stopped immediately without skiddingABS lebih berkesan daripada brek udara - lori boleh diberhentikan dengan serta-merta tanpa menggelincir

(ii)

The number of tyres:Bilangan tayar:Two tyres are better than one tyre - provides better supportDua tayar lebih baik daripada satu tayar - memberi sokongan yang lebih baik

(iii)

The number and size of tanks:Bilangan dan saiz tangki:5 small tanks are better than 1 big tank - 5 small tanks will have smaller inertia compare with 1 big tank - reduces the inertial impact on each tank if the tanker stop suddenly5 tangki yang kecil lebih baik daripada 1 tangki yang besar - 5 tangki yang kecil mempunyai inersia yang lebih kecil berbanding dengan 1 tangki yang besar - mengurangkan impak pada setiap tangki yang disebabkan oleh inersia jika lori tangki berhenti dengan tiba-tiba

(iv)

The distance between trailer and tractor:Jarak antara treler dan kepala lori:Further distance is better - to prevent collision between the trailer and the tractorJarak jauh lebih baik - untuk mengelakkan perlanggaran di antara treler dan kepala lori

(d)

(i)

v = (ii)

F = maF = 1860 1.285 = 2389.58 N

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