Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste
Transcript of Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste
![Page 1: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste
![Page 2: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MSW Management in Biscay
![Page 3: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Biscay in the European Union
Biscay
![Page 4: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Basque Country in the European Union
![Page 5: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
BiscayPopulation: 1.149.628 inhabitants
Area: 2.217 km 2
![Page 6: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
COLLECTIONMSW Management includes
TRANSPORT
PREVENTIONREDUCTION
TREATMENT
![Page 7: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MSW Management in BiscayUntil 1980 Uncontrolled tipping
1980 - 1990 Controlled sanitary landfilling
1990 - 2000 RecyclingGas utilisationControlled
landfilling
2000 - 2010 Separate collection
Material recycling
Biological treatment
Incineration Residual waste landfillingSlag-conditioning
and use
![Page 8: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Background
In the 1990s the province of Bizkaia had two major problems that needed to be solved quickly:
1) A shortage of land on which to build new landfills.2) A shortfall in electricity generation.
To solve these problems numerous institutions and private companies in the province investigated and applied solutions that had been tried in EU countries that were more advanced in terms
of environmental friendliness and electricity production.
Their targets were:1) to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfill. 2) to make use of the material and energy value
contained in waste; and3) to produce electricity from new, renewable energy
sources.
![Page 10: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Background
As the first step towards solving the problem of wastemanagement, public institutions in Bizkaia approved the1st Integrated Plan for 1997-2001. This was followed bya second plan for 2005-2016. Both these plansenvisaged a hierarchical scale in waste management.
![Page 11: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Circular Economy Package (Brussels, 2 December 2015): “Whenwaste cannot be prevented or recycled, recovering its energy contentis in most cases preferable to landfilling it, in both environmental andeconomic terms. ‘Waste to energy' can therefore play a role andcreate synergies with EU energy and climate policy”.
![Page 12: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Municipal Waste Treatment - EUROSTAT 2017
Landfill Waste-to-Energy Recycling + Composting
![Page 13: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DE FR IT UK ES PL NL EL BE PT AT SE RO HU DK CZ BG FI IE SK HR LT SI LV CY LU EE MT
Recycling 31. 13. 12. 13. 5.8 2.3 4.5 958 2.9 1.2 2.7 2.0 139 1.0 1.6 750 841 912 985 227 246 280 294 97 121 165 118 30
Incineration 17. 11. 6.2 4.9 2.0 51 4.5 0 2.1 930 1.5 2.2 0 364 1.9 654 0 925 427 168 2 8 10 0 0 126 46 1
Landfilling 205 9.9 12. 10. 13. 7.1 140 4.5 59 2.5 150 33 4.2 2.6 94 1.8 2.3 901 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.0 315 516 451 62 129 203
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
35.000
40.000
45.000
50.000
EU28 Municipal Solid Waste Treatment (ktonnes) in 2015
(source: Eurostat)
![Page 14: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Waste-to-Energy in Europe in 2017
![Page 15: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Zabalgarbi was established as a joint-stock company in 1993
Its objective was to supplement other waste management systems
that were to be instructed in the area, and to produce electricity.
The idea was to build 2 waste-to-energy plants, with a power capacity of 100 MW each,
producing electricity from renewable energy sources using the biomass contained
in waste, and natural gas.
![Page 16: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Artigas eco -park :waste management infrastructures
![Page 17: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
· Shareholders: Private sector: 65%Shareholders: Public sector: 35%
• Capital: €27,040,000• Total investment in plant A: €180,000,000 • Project finance: €129,000,000
Zabalgarbi, S.A.
SENER: 30%
VTR (FCC): 30%
DFB: 20%
EVE: 10%
MMIZM: 5%
Kutxabank : 5%
![Page 18: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Project figures, 18 years later
• Total of 7.940 operating hours in 2018.
• All equipment, at 100% availability and at operation:o 7,230-7,450 hours per year projected (year 2000)o 7,940 hours in 2018
• Waste treated per hour:o 30 t/h projected (2000)o 29.1 t/h in 2018
• Total waste treated:o 229,000 t projected (2000)o 230,813 t treated in 2018o 3,222,775 t since 2004 (226,000 t/year average)
• Electricity exported per hour:o 93.27 MW projected (2000)o 84 MW in 2018
• Total electricity exported:o 700,000 MWh projected (2000)o 644,000 MWh in 2018
![Page 19: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Additional reference data
• Operation: 8,000 hours/year.
• Tons of waste treated: 225,000 tpa.
• Electricity: 650 M kWh per annum.
• Operation and maintenance: Zabalgarbi, S.A.
• Nº of employees: 70.
• Points of origin of waste: 100 municipalities in Biscay andrejected material from waste separation and recycling companies.
• Nº of people served by the plant: around 1.052.000.
• Contract framework: Garbiker & MMMI.
• Incineration fee: various prices depending on type of waste andcontractual structure.
• Natural gas supply: Endesa.
![Page 20: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
General features of the process
![Page 23: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Another step …
This step forward earned the plant recognition and top category subsidies from the EU’s Thermie programme for
increasing energy yield, savings and efficiency, and for its lower environmental impact in generating electricity on a like-
for-like resource basis (MSW and gas).
The innovative plant A adapts combined cycle gas technology to the waste to energy
process via a unique, integrated process.
![Page 24: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Weighbridge and radioactivity detector gate
Control de accesosAccess control
![Page 25: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Storage: 15 days
Watertight pit
![Page 26: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Type of furnace: moving grate.• Boiler furnace: CNIM.• Grating: Martin.
Combustion area
![Page 27: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
1 incineration line: 30 tph(LHV around 1800-2000 kcal/kg)
Waste-to -Energy process
![Page 28: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Electricity production area
Gas turbine: average gross power 43 MW (General Electric).
Steam turbine: average gross power 56.5 MW (Nuovo Pignone).
![Page 29: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Control room
The whole process of waste to energy treatment, electricity productionand environmental management is supervised from the control roomfitted with interactive screens that provide continuous information onthe burning of waste, on the gas scrubber system, on the gas andsteam turbines and on the electricity exported.
![Page 30: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Process design• Combustion control system.• Gas scrubbing system.• Minimisation of emissions (gases, water...).• Minimisation of impact (waterproof pit, recirculation
of scrubbed gases, odor control system… ).
Control and monitoring systems• Environmental checks.• Incoming and outgoing checks.• Proper waste management.• Combustion control: > 850º.• Reduction of NOx (NH3 at 23%).• Gas scrubbing (lime bed).• Active carbon injection.• Bag filter.• Recirculation of fumes (20%).• Redundant continuous monitoring and control of
emission parameters into the atmosphereconnected with Basque Government
Environmental assurances
![Page 31: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Environmental checks
Immissions
a) The air quality in the surroundingarea is continuously monitored(PM10, PM2,5, O3, NOx, SO2,VOCs, HCl and weather data)via three monitoring stationslocated on Mount Arraiz (Bilbao),in Alonsotegi and in Larrazabal(Barakaldo).
b) Regular measurements taken insoil, vegetation and water(heavy metals, dioxins andfurans) and in the air (HF, heavymetals, dioxins and furans).
![Page 32: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Checks on the surrounding area and on human health
Epidemiological study:Six years into the study, researchers from the University of the Basque Country have reached the conclusion that the Zabalgarbiwaste incinerator:
- does not entail any risk to the environment or risk of cancer;
- does not significantly increase exposure to contaminants in the local area for the population or for ecosystems.
Olfactometric studies:- The results to date of studies conducted by public and private bodies indicate that the plant does not give off any odor that influences the surrounding area.
- Odor is perceptible only in the area of the pit and the unloading bay.
![Page 33: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
).
Combustion waste
a) Slag: 44,965 t. (20.13% in terms of weight).This comprises non-combustible materials such as glass, ceramics, etc...
b) Ferrous scrap: 3,825 t. (1.71% in terms of weight). This is valorized by steel companies.
![Page 34: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
c) Ash: 8,119 t. (3.63% in terms of weight).This comprises fly ash and treatment waste from the gas scrubbing process.It is classified as hazardous waste. After fixation and physical/chemicalstabilization it is converted into waste that is admissible at inertised wastelandfills.
Combustion waste
![Page 35: Another step forward in the energy recovery from waste](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022022406/6216965122d28c7d3d20ab46/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Another step forward using waste as energy