ANNUAL REPORT - Informed Policy for a Better Ireland A symposium on "Ireland North and South" was...

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THE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1996

Transcript of ANNUAL REPORT - Informed Policy for a Better Ireland A symposium on "Ireland North and South" was...

Page 1: ANNUAL REPORT - Informed Policy for a Better Ireland A symposium on "Ireland North and South" was organised by the Institute in association with Nuffield College and Queen’s University

THE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

ANNUAL REPORTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1996

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THE C OUNCIL

The Council of the ESRI is the Institute’ s overall

governing body and consists of 32 members

appointed from the general members of the Institute.

The Council meets four times a year.

MR M.F. DOYLE, President

MR J.F. HARFORD, ChaiimanChief Executive, Yamanouchi IrelandCompany Ltd

PROFESSOR B.J. WHELAN, Director

MRK. BONNER, Secretary, Department ofEnterprise & Employment

MRG.T.P. CONLON, Chairman, ESRIFund-Raising Committee, 1995-2000

MRS. CROMIEN,Former Secretary, Department of Finance

PROFESSOR C. FANNING,Department of Economics, University College,Cork

MSM. FINAN, Managing Director, Wilson HartnellPublic Relations Ltd

MRA. KANE, Chief Executive, Telecom EireannMRK.J. KELLY, Group General Manager - AIB

Bank, AIB Group plcMRP. LYNCH, Chairman of the Institute,

1983-1988DRE. McCARTHY, Director, Woodchester

Investments plcMRE. McCUMISKEY, Secretary, Department of

Social WelfarePROFESSOR A. MATI’HEWS, Department of

Economics, Trinity College, DublinMRM.J. MEAGHER, Director, Bank of Ireland

International Finance

PROFESSOR S. MENNELL, Department ofSociology, University College Dublin

MRJ. MORAN, Chief Executive, Electricity SupplyBoard

MRP. MULLARKEY, Secretary, Department ofFinance

MRD. MURPHY, Director General, Central StatisticsOffice

MRD. NEVIN, Former General Secretary, IrishCongress of Trade Unions

DRT.F. 6 COFAIGH, President of the Institute,1987-1995

MRM. O’CONNELL, Governor, Central Bank ofIreland

MSM. O’CONNOR, Partner, Craig Gardner/PriceWaterhouse

MRJ. O’DWYER, Secretary, Department of HealthMRP. O’REILLY, Chief Executive, EBS Building

SocietySIR W.G.H. QUIGLEY CB, Chairman, Ulster Bank

LimitedPROFESSOR N. SHEEHY, Department of

Psychology, The Queen’s University of BelfastDRR. SCHIERBEEK, Chairman, Northern Ireland

Economic Research CentreDRM.J. SOMERS, Chief Executive, National

Treasury Management AgencyMRC. STORM, Managing Director, Guinness Ireland

LtdDRT.K. WHITAKER, President of the Institute, 1971-

1987MRP.A. WHITE, Chairman, Northside Partnership

Limited

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THE ECONOMIC ~ SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

The Executive Committee is a sub-committee of the

Council and meets at least every two months. It acts as

the Institute’s Board of Directors and, in association

with the Director and staff, develops the Institute’s

programme of research for approval by Council.

EXECUTIVZ COMMIrle:E

Mr M. F. DoylePresident

Mr J.F. HarfordChairman

MR M.F. DOYLE, President

MR J.F. HARFORD, ChairmanChief Executive, Yamanouchi IrelandCompany Ltd

PROFESSOR B.J. WHELAN, Director

MR S. CROMIEN,Former Secretary, Department of Finance

PROFESSOR C. FANNING,Department of Economics,University College, Cork

DR E. McCARTHY,Chairman, ESRI, 1990-1995Director, Woodchester Investments plc

MR P. MULLARKEY,Secretary, Department of Finance

MR D. NEVIN,Former General Secretary,Irish Congress of Trade Unions

DRT.F. 6 COFAIGH,President ESRI, 1987-1995

SIR W.G.H. QUIGLEY CB,Chairman, Ulster Bank Limited

PROFESSOR N. SHEEHY,Department of Psychology,The Queen’s University of Belfast

MR P.A. WHITE,Chairman, Northside Partnership Limited

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NOqTCE OF ANNUAL GENERAL ]VIEETING

Notice in hereby given that the Thirty-Eighth Annual General Meeting

of The Economic and Social Research Institute(Limited Company registered in Dublin, Registration No. 18269),

will be held at the Registered Office at 4 Burlington Road, Dublin 4,

on Tuesday, 24th June 1997 at 2.00 p.m.

AGENDA

.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

ELECTION OF PRESIDENT

MINUTES OF LAST MEETING

ACCOUNTS AND BALANCE SHEET FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1996

REPORT OF THE COUNCIL TO THE MEMBERS

ELECTION OF MEMBERS TO THE COUNCIL

FIXING THE AUDITORS’ REMUNERATION

By order of the Council,

Registered Office,

4 Burlington Road,

Dublin 4

J. ROUGH_AN

Secretary

3rd June 1997

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THE ECONOMIC SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

The Economic and Social Research Institute is a non-profit organisation which was founded in 1960 as the

Economic Research Institute with the help of a grant from the Ford Foundation of New York. In 1966,

following a report by a United Nations special adviser, the Institute assumed responsibility for social research

and extended its title to The Economic and Social Research Institute.

The Institute is a private company, limited by guarantee, incorporated under the Companies Acts 1908-1990,

and enjoys full academic independence. It is governed by a Council consisting of 30 members, in addition to

the President and the Director, appointed from the general members of the Institute and representative of

business, trade unions, government departments, state agencies, universities and other research institutes. A

committee of the Council, the Executive Committee, carries out the functions of the Institute’s Board of

Directors.

The Institute receives an annual grant-in-aid from the Irish Government which, in 1996, covered

approximately 36 per cent of total expenditure. The remainder of its income is generated from commissioned

research projects, sponsorship of Institute activities by Irish business, membership subscriptions and sales of

publications. The most important resource of the Institute is its high-quality staff with the requisite academic

standards, training and expertise. The total number of full-time research staff at the Institute is 40. The

results of the Institute’s research have been included in over 500 published reports, in addition to the

volumes of the Quarterly Economic Commentary and the Medium-term Review of the Irish Economy, as well

as in numerous books, articles in academic journals, etc., published elsewhere.

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THE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

CONTENTS

eSl l

ANNUAL REPORTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1996

PAGE

1

3

FOREWORD

REPORT OF THE COUNCIL

Appendix A

CONTRIBUTORS TO THE ESRI

FUND-RAISING CAMPAIGN 1995-2000 10

Appendix B

STAFFING 11

Appendix C

RESEARCH PROJECTS IN PROGRESS AT

31 DECEMBER 1996 15

Appendix D

CORPORATE AND INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS

OF THE INSTITUTE 20

The Audited Final Accounts for the Year Ended

31 December 1996 are published separately.

The Annual Report for the Year Ended

31 December 1996 is supplemented by the Review

of ESRI Research in 1996 and by the List of ESRI

Publications which are published separately.

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THE ECONOMIC c% SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Recent ESRI research has been to the fore in highlighting themagnitude and nature of the changes occurring in Irish society. Old

constraints are beginning to ease and some problems which for decadesseemed insoluble now appear amenable to correction. This research hasalso pointed out that beneficial change is not inevitable. Both externalshocks and internal developments could hamper economic and socialdevelopment. Furthermore, the process of change itself will bring newchallenges in areas such as environmental impact and various types ofcongestion.

FOREWORD

Professor Brendan J.Whelan, Director

Longer term strategic research of the kind carried out at the Institute isindispensable in facing and planning tbr this kind of future. By buildingup research expertise and developing suitable models and databases, theESRI has managed to produce a broad range of authoritative studiesdealing with all aspects of Ireland’s economic and social life. Forexample, we saw in 1996 the publication of the very important study onthe likely impact of EMU on the Irish economy. This detailed analysis,which received very widespread attention and will undoubtedly have astrong influence on policy, was built on the twin foundations of theInstitute’s expertise in macro-economics and the sophisticatedeconometric model developed over the past 15 years. The EMU studycould not have been carried out without this long term investment inexpertise, research tools and research infi’astructure.

The year 1996 also saw the fruition of another long term investmentby the Institute in research on income distribution, poverty and thefunctioning of the labour market. This broad research programme wasoriginally founded on the major household survey carried out in 1987which led to a stream of influential research on a vast range of topics,such as: poverty; unemployment and the labour market; work incentives;income tax and social welfare policy; the health services; education;social mobility; pensions, financial assets etc. A major new initiative inthis area began in 1994 with the introduction of the Living in Irelandhousehold panel surveys in association with Eurostat, the EuropeanStatistical Office. This new data source has now come on stream and in1996 led to major publications on poverty levels and changes in themsince 1987, a systematic evaluation of the adequacy of the social welfaresystem and a study of pension coverage. About a dozen other researchprojects, both national and international, are in progress utilising thisdatabase. These include updating SWITCH, the ESRI microsimulationmodel for the assessment of tax and welfare policies.

The contribution of objective, strategic studies such as these to thenational policy debate is indubitable. The challenge for the Institute is tobe able to organise its research and funding so that its staff can continueto produce research of the highest quality in the public interest. As thenew Director, I hope to pursue this aim through improved planning andbuilding up strategic alliances with other research agencies both at homeand abroad. With the support of the staff, the Executive and theCouncil, and the ESRI’s many supporters and sponsors, I am confidentwe will succeed.

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THE ECONOMIC c% SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORTFOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1996

REPORT OF THE COUNCIL

INTRODUCTION

During 1996, twenty-two substantive reportswere published either by the Institute or byoutside organisations, in addition to paperspresented at conferences and seminars, workingpapers and journal articles. In addition, thirtyeight commissioned reports were completed andtwelve surveys were undertaken for outsideorganisations.

Major research studies were completedduring the year in the following areas:

¯ Economic forecasting;¯ Industrial development including

infrastructural investment;¯ Economic and Social Issues affecting the two

economies of Ireland;¯ Regional accounts and regional impacts;¯ The environment, sustainable development;¯ The labour market, employment and

unemployment;¯ Occupational change, training for work,

working arrangements;¯ Education;¯ Health;¯ Poverty, social welfare benefits, pensions;¯ Social mobility and social class;¯ State policy, the family and the elderly.¯ The impact of Economic and Monetary

Union (EMU) on the Irish economy;¯ The effects of the Single European Market

(SEM) on periphery countries;¯ Employment creation, taxes and work

incentives;¯ Aspects of environmental economics in

Cohesion countries;¯ Development of small and medium sized

enterprises (SMEs) in a European context;¯ Health care and income distribution.

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Five very successful conferences wereorganised by the Institute during 1996 as follows:

¯ A conference on "Economic InstrumentsSupporting Environmental Policy: ThePolluter Pays Principle in Practice" was heldunder the auspices of the ESRI EnvironmentPolicy Research Centre. The conferenceaddressed the issues of the intensive use ofnitrogen fertilisers and pesticides, the impactof agriculture on water quality, biodiversityand nature loss, the effects of road transporton the environment and the management oftourism/environmental interaction.

In October 1996 a conference entitled "EMU:Can We Cope At All?" was organised by theESRI Banking Research Centre. The keynotespeaker, Mr Stanley Fischer of theInternational Monetary Fund, presented anauthoritative outside view on Economic andMonetary Union. The conference includedother papers which examined the position ofthe Irish Banks under EMU, outlined theprogress towards monetary union andreviewed the general mood in Europe towardsEMU.

A symposium on "Ireland North and South"was organised by the Institute in associationwith Nuffield College and Queen’s UniversityBelfast. Issues considered included the twoeconomies of Ireland, the labour market, thefamily, education and social mobility.

A Conference entitled "Income Supports andWork Incentives: Ireland and the UK" wasco-hosted by the ESRI and the Foundation forFiscal Studies in September 1996. Thepapers at this conference, which havesubsequently been published in the PolicyResearch Series, dealt with the role of thetax/transfer system in providing incomesupports while minimising negativeconsequences for work incentives. Theyfocused particularly on what could be learnedfrom tax-benefit models and presentedcomparisons of the Irish and UK situationsderived from on-going collaborative work inthe ESRI, the Microsimulation Unit inCambridge and the Institute of Fiscal Studiesin London.

Prior to the annual Geary lecture, which in1996 marked the 100th anniversary of R.C.Geary’s birth by dealing with his life andwork, a special half-day conference was

organised to commemorate his contributionto economic and social research. Sevenpapers were presented illustrating vividlyboth the depth and breath of Geary’senduring influence on topics as diverse as thetheoretical foundations of mathematicalstatistics, the estimation of demand systemsin economics, the use of regression analysis,the compilation of official statistics and theapplication of statistics to current economicand social problems.During 1996, twenty major new research

projects were commenced by staff of the Institutein the following areas:(i) Economic Growth: evaluation of the

Community Support Framework (CSF);(ii) The Environment: investigation of the

polluter pays principle in Cohesioncountries;

(iii) International Environment: implicationsof European Monetary Union (EMU);

(iv) Regional Issues: household incomes,economic impact of universities;

(v) Demography and Labour: youthunemployment, in-company training,social integration in labour marketpolicy, the Irish labour market;

(vi) Social Policy: income distribution,microsimulation of taxes and socialwelfare benefits, the family, elderly,society and the state, unemployment,poverty and social exclusion, crime;

(vii) Education: relative rates of return tothird and second level qualifications,school effectiveness and schoolimprovement;

(viii) Health: general practitioner attachment.

By the end of 1996 forty-five major researchprojects were in progress at the Institute. Furtherdetails of ESRI research, publications and newprojects are given in a companion volume of theAnnual Report, entitled Review of ESRI Researchin 1996.

THE INSTITUTE: THE WAY FORWARD

In October 1996 Professor Brendan J.Whelan was appointed Director of the Institute tosucceed Professor Kieran A. Kennedy who retiredfollowing 25 years service in the post. ProfessorWhelan is a past pupil of Colaiste Mhuire, ParnellSquare, Dublin. He is a graduate of UniversityCollege, Dublin where he studied economics,politics and statistics, graduating with first classhonours in both the B.A. and M.A. examinations.Subsequently he received an M.Sc. from the

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London School of Economics specialising insurvey methods. He has been a staff member ofthe Institute since 1969 and Head of theInstitute’s Survey Unit since 1978. ProfessorWhelan has lectured widely on the principles andmethods of social research and on advancedquantitative techniques. He has been a member ofnational and international committees and EUexpert groups in the areas of statistics, researchmethodology and development of the socialsciences.

On assuming office as Director, ProfessorWhelan has decided to give top priority tocharting the Institute’s course in terms of itsresearch programme over the next five years andbeyond. He sees the Institute’s enduring missionas working to inform the national policy debateon the major economic and social issues facingthe country. The key features of its work include acommitment to academic excellence; objectivityand independence; usefulness and relevance topolicy; and visibility through widespreaddissemination of its research by means ofpublication and of participation in conferences,seminars and commissions. While strivingconstantly for these goals, both the content of theInstitute’s research and manner in which it isconducted and funded have evolved over the yearsand will undoubtedly continue to do so in thefuture.

In planning for the future, the organisationstarts with a solid basis of achievement in theform of its broad programme of on-goingresearch. This comprises:

The Irish Economy: The Quarterly EconomicCommentary and the Medium Term Reviewprovide independent expert analysis of currentand future trends in the Irish economy. Moreimportantly, the analysis isolates weaknessesinhibiting progress, which need to be addressed.Particular focuses of ESRI research includeNorth/South economic development, industrialdevelopment, energy, the environment andbanking. Through participation in multi-annualprogrammes of research and European networks,research staff of the Institute have made majorcontributions in areas such as competitiveness,development of small and medium sizedindustries (SMEs) and Irish fiscal and monetarypolicy. Central to the research programme on theIrish economy has been the development of large-scale econometric models of the Irish economy atthe Institute. Such developments have enabled theInstitute to initiate medium-term reviews of theeconomy and to carry out evaluations such as theimplications for Ireland of EMU and the mid-term evaluation of the Community Support

Framework 1994-1999. So successful has beenthe work in this area that the model has beenadapted for econometric analysis in othereconomies such as Northern Ireland, Spain,Portugal and Greece. Another recent innovation isthe launch of the SWITCH micro-simulationmodel to provide accurate and in-depth analysisof taxation, social welfare policy and workincentives.

The International Environment: ESRI staff enjoya considerable international reputation which,more and more, is being utilised by organisationssuch as the European Commission, theOrganisation for Economic Co-Operation andDevelopment (OECD), the World Bank and morerecently the International Monetary Fund (IMF)and the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP). Ireland’s role in the European Union isa central theme of research carried out at theInstitute together with responses to EUdevelopments and the investigation of economicand social issues affecting the Irish economy andsociety. Recent work includes the effects of EMUwhich is a major contribution to the debate onIreland’s membership, the labour market inIreland contrasted with the situation in other EUmember states, the effects of the single Europeanmarket on periphery countries and the effect oftaxes and benefits on work incentives in Irelandin the context of employment in OECD countries.

Demography and Labour: With continuing highunemployment, the Institute has devotedconsiderable resources to investigating andevaluating major policy issues in the fields oftraining, the employment possibilities of the long-term unemployed, occupational change, humanresources programmes, flexibility in the labourmarket and the problems encountered by schoolleavers on entry to the labour market.

Social Policy: Since 1987 the Institute has beenengaged in a major programme of survey-basedresearch on income distribution, poverty and theeffects of State services on individuals andhouseholds. The 1987 ESRI household survey wasunique in that it focused on a range of themessuch as income, labour market behaviour,education, health and use of state services andpermitted analysis of the interrelations betweenthese themes. It also allowed researchers todistinguish between various levels of analysis -individual, household and tax unit. This surveyled to over 200 books, articles and otherpublications which substantially deepened ourknowledge of Irish society. An updated source ofhousehold data is now coming on stream in the

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form of the Living In Ireland Survey first carriedout in 1994 and planned to continue to 1999 atleast. This database has already begun toproduce up-to-date analysis of Ireland’s incomedistribution. Its unique features include itscomplete harmonisation with similar work inother EU countries, so sowing the seeds of in-depth inter-country comparative research, and itscapacity, through the longitudinal design, toprovide novel insights into the process of socialchange. Other areas of investigation which areincluded in the Institute’s programme of researchinclude the circumstances of the elderly, victimsof crime, occupational and personal pension coverin the public and private sectors and socialmobility in an Irish context.

Education: Education is the foundation for thewell-being of any society and has played a keyrole in Ireland’s recent economic upturn. TheInstitute sees its role as evaluating various aspectsof the educational system, particularly in theprimary and secondary areas, isolating apparentweaknesses and assisting decision-makers bycharting necessary policy initiatives. Recent andcurrent research undertaken by the Instituteinclude an in-depth evaluation of co-education inIreland, relative rates of return to third andsecond level qualifications, and schooleffectiveness and school improvement.

Health: The range of research undertaken at theInstitute in health care administration hasincluded the study of health service financingwithin the single market and cost containment.Health insurance provision and the relative cost ofpublic and private health services have also beenexamined. Within the hospital sector thefinancing, costing and utilisation of hospitalservices have been a major focus. Thedevelopment and application of case-mixmeasures in acute hospitals have been researchedand evaluated. Hos.pital information systems, daysurgery utilisation, severity assessment andresource management have also been studied.Since 1990, the Institute has operated, on behalfof the Department of Health, the HospitalInpatient Enquiry, which is the national databaseon all discharges from acute hospitals. In theprimary care area studies completed include theutilisation of primary care services, GPattachment, consumer attitudes to health servicesand the evaluation of community-based healthpromotion projects. The first national study of thehealth needs of Irish women was undertaken atthe Institute and published in 1996.

TIIE FUTURE

The first step in the planning process will beto canvass a wide variety of opinion across theESRI staff and Council, business, the tradeunions, academia and the public sector in order toidentify themes and discern priorities. Since 1993the growth of the Irish economy has been veryrapid and has been aided by a number of factorsincluding a high volume of foreign directinvestment, the large and growing stock of humancapital built up over many years of investment ineducation, the resurgence of domestic demand, aperceptible increase in national self-confidenceand a broad consensus on economic strategywhich has assisted in maintaining thecompetitiveness of Irish industry. Nationaloptimism has never been higher. In order tosustain this improvement and to enhance thequality of life for all, high quality research will bemore essential than ever.

The planning process will also have to takeaccount of the growing internationalisation of theInstitute’s work. Reference has already beenmade to the extent of participation by ESRI staffin collaborative international work. Such projectscontribute substantially to our understanding ofIrish society by allowing us to make detailedcomparisons with other countries and theirpolicies. They also perform a vital and oftenunderestimated role by putting the Irish point ofview on the EU agenda at an early stage. Sincenew EU initiatives are almost inevitably precededby a research study, Irish participation in thatstudy ensures that our national situation is fullyconsidered in the design of new policies.International work also has the advantage ofenhancing the skill levels of the research staff andadding to the Institute’s international standing.

It will also be important to consider strategicalliances and other types of collaboration inIreland. The ESRI itself will not be able to coverevery possible research topic which arises. Itshould instead aim to take the lead in mobilisingIreland’s intellectual resources to attract and carryout funded research. For example, theuniversities nowadays contain many able staff andit is hoped to extend our collaboration with them.The university staff member would contributeexpertise and gain access to funding and data, akey professional advantage especially for youngerstaff members keen to publish. The work wouldadd to the quantum of published research in a costeffective manner.

One of the most fundamental issues to beconsidered in planning is the funding. During thelast ten years, the ESRI has undergone a completetransformation in the manner in which its

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research programme is determined and funded.Originally, funding came almost entirely from agrant-in-aid and priorities could be determined bythe Council and Executive Committee. Today,only one third of the Institute’s income is derivedfrom the State grant-in-aid. The major alternativesources of revenue comprise earnings fromcommissioned research, two major fund-raisingcampaigns in 1990 and 1995 and a drive toexpand Corporate Membership of the Institute.Table 1 shows how the composition of ESRIfunding has changed since its foundation in 1960.

Table 1: Sources ot’Fundinb, fbr ESRI Activity 1960-1996

Period Ford ESRI Grants-Foundation Resources in-Aid

% % %1960-1964/65 81 13 31965-66-1970/71 4 961971/72- 1980 17 851981-1987 26 741988-1992 52 481993-1996 64 36

User-financed income constituted £2.5million of total ESRI expenditure of £3.92 millionin 1996. Income from commissioned research,including income from the fund-raisingcampaigns of 1990 and 1995, totalled £2.35million. The sources of ESRI income fromcommissioned research in 1996 are shown inTable 2.

Table 2: Sources of ESRI lncome from CommissionedResearch, 1996

%Government Departments 34The European Commission - 30

direct/indirectState Agencies 25Other - including Irish Business ![1

and International Organisations100

While we have been largely successful inselecting and managing commissioned work in amanner compatible with our basic goal ofindependent publication, difficulties can arise.For example, little scope remains to the Councilor the staff to initiate research which is in thenational interest but which no one is willing tofund directly. This would be particularly seriousif it led to a weakening of the Institute’s capacityto address long-term strategic issues because theresources available for such work in Ireland isalready extremely low by reference to other EUcountries. The Council is convinced that theintegrity and independence of the Institute canonly be sustained in the long run if a minimum ofhalf its expenditure derives from untied fundingsuch as the grant-in-aid. The planning process

will have to consider all the funding optionsavailable and devise a strategy to tap themeffectively.

STAFF

With sadness we report the deaths early in1997 of three staff members, Professor BobO’Connor, Ms Mary McElhone and Ms AnnePurcell. Bob O’Connor was a senior ResearchConsultant at the ESRI, having previously heldposts of Research Professor from 1967 andDeputy Director of the Institute for nearly 10years from 1971. Prior to his career in theInstitute, Bob made notable contributions inVocational Education and in the Central StatisticsOffice. At the Institute he was involved in a widerange of research covering all areas of naturalresources including agriculture, fisheries, theenvironment and forestry in which he wasengaged until the time of his death. Hisunbounded enthusiasm for research and his wisecounsel will be sadly missed.

Ms Mary McElhone, whose death wasunexpected and untimely, was Staff Officer in theInstitute’s Editorial Section. Her command of theprinting process, her thoroughness in copy editingand her ability to meet publication deadlines aresorely missed.

Ms Anne Purcell joined the staff of theInstitute in 1990 having transferred from theHealth Research Board when the Institute tookover the operation of the Hospital InpatientEnquiry on behalf of the Department of Health.Anne was the senior staff member responsible forliaison with all the acute hospitals throughout thecountry. In this capacity she was constantlyinvolved with consultants, other medical andparamedical staff and hospital and Health Boardofficials. She had an unparalleled knowledge ofthe complexities of medical coding. The successof the Hospital Inpatient Enquiry is due in nosmall way to Anne’s patience, perseverance andunflagging optimism, traits which she showed inabundance during her long illness.

COUNCIL CHANGES

During 1996 Mr J. Cawley, Dr. G. Gudgin, Mr J.Hurley and Mr W.B. Dillon retired from theCouncil. Ms M. Finan, Mr J. O’Dwyer, Dr R.Schierbeek and Mr C. Storm were elected to theCouncil.

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FINAL ACCOUNTS 1996

The Income and Expenditure Account andBalance Sheet for the year ended 31 December1996 which have been audited by the Comptrollerand Auditor General are published separately.

Member of Council:Eugene McCarthy

Member of Council:Donal Nevin

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THE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

APPENDICES

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CONTRIBUTORS TO THE ESRI FUND-RAISING CAMPAIGN 1995-2000

The Institute wishes to acknowledge the verygenerous support it has received from the

following who contributed to the Institute’s fund-raising campaign.

APPENDIX A

ACC Bank plcAer RiantaAIB GroupAssociation of Secondary Teachers, IrelandBank of IrelandBanque Nationale de ParisBarclays Bank plcBitech EngineeringBord Gais EireannBord na M6naCadbury Ireland LtdCantrell & Cochrane Group LtdCement Roadstone HoldingsCentral Bank of IrelandCitibank NACoillte TeorantaCommunications Workers UnionCraig GardnerCustom House Docks Development AuthorityDeloitte & ToucheDresdner International Finance plcElectricity Supply BoardEducational Building SocietyFirst National Building SocietyGallagher (Dublin) LtdGolden Vale plcGuinness Ireland LtdHibernian Group plcIAWS Group plcICC Bank plcIrish Fertilizer IndustriesIndecon Economic Consultants

ING BankIrish National Teachers’ OrganisationIrish Biscuits LtdIrish Dairy BoardIrish Distillers Group plcIrish Intercontinental BankIrish National Petroleum CorporationIrish Nurses OrganisationIrish Pensions Trust LtdIrish Times LtdLondon Life and General Reinsurance Company LtdMerck Sharp & Dohme (Ireland)MSF (Manufacturing, Science & Finance)Murphy Brewery Ireland LtdNestle Distribution IrelandNew Ireland Assurance Co plcNovartis Agribusiness Ireland LtdNorwich UnionPfizer Pharmaceuticals Production CorporationAn PostPower Supermarkets LtdRTE - Radio Telefis EireannRyan Irish HotelsSIPTU Services Industrial Technical UnionSmurfit Ireland LtdSuperquinn LtdTSB BankTeachers Union of IrelandTelecom EireannUlster Bank Trust CompanyVoluntary Health Insurance BoardWoodchester Credit LyonnaisYamanouchi (Ireland) Company Ltd

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STAFFING

APPENDIX B

STAFF AT 31 DECEMBER 1996

Director

Assistant Director(Administration) &Secretary

RESEARCH STAFF

Research Professors

Senior Research Officers

Research Officers

Assistant Research Officers

B.J. Whelan

J. Roughan

J. Bradley, T.Callan, D. Conniffe, J. Fitz Gerald,D. F. Hannan (Head of Sociology and Social Policy),E. Henry, P. Honohan, G. Hughes, K. A. Kennedy, B. Nolan, J. J. Sexton,C. T. Whelan

T.J. Baker, T. Fahey, E. O’Malley, M. Wiley,J.Williams (Head of Survey Unit)

A. Barrett, I. Kearney, P.J. O’Connell, S. Scott, E. Smyth,D. Watson

D. Duffy

Research~StatisticalAssistants

TECHNICAL STAFF

Survey Unit

Hospital Inpatient Enquiry

D. Duggan, J. Kelly, B. McCabe, J. McCartan, F. McGinnity, F. Shortall,J. Walsh

M. Cagney (Field Operations), C. Collins (Surveys Executive), P. Devlin(Coding and Data Entry), P. Needham (Survey Processing), E. Power (FieldOperations)Coding & Data Entry: S. Blackwell, G. Hamill, F. Rhatigan, B. RyanContract Staff’. G. Anderson, I. Condron, K. Loughrey, M. McLoughlin,K. O’Reilly, N. Ryan, C. Shannon, N. Shannon, C. Talbot

J. Bourke (Data Management), A. Clifton (Systems Analyst), D. Murphy(Medical Coding Executive)Medical Coding: M. Glynn, C. Mitchell, N. Wall

Computer Services R. MacCarthy (Data Processing), J. Ryan (Systems Administrator) 1 1

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ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES

Executives and Clerical

General Selvices

Staff Members on CareerBreak/Secondnwnt

T.K. Whitaker ResearchFellowship

Postgraduate Fellowships(abroad)

P. Browne (Desk-top Publishing), P. Byrne (Assistant Director’s Secretary),B. Clancy (Accounts), M. Cleary (General Office), P. Hopkins (Printing), R.Moore (Desk-top Publishing), C. O’Regan (Accounts), F. O’Sullivan(Director’s Secretary), M. Rohan (Librarian)Clerical: R. Costello, A. Curran, B. Forde, P. Hughes, A. O’Connell

Porters~Messengers: J. Bates (Head), G. GarbuttCatering and Cleaning: R. Baker, P. Barry, A. Dent, M. Duffy, M. Heeney(Cleaning Supervisor), P. Hiney (Catering Supervisor), B. Nolan, M.O’Reilly

M. Galvin, K. O’Higgins (Health Research Board)

F. (3 Muircheartaigh (Department of the Marine)

A. Canny, J.A. Curtis, M. Lyons, S. McCoy, B. Merriman, N. O’Donnell, C.O’Donoghue, R. O’Leary, C. O’Reardon, N. Sheridan

OTHER STAFF COMMITMENTS

A number of staff continued to perform a limited amount of teaching in the universities and in other forumsof professional or adult education. The staff of the Institute also participated in a number of national andinternational conferences.

A. BARRETt (i)(ii)

J. BRADLEY (i)T. CALLAN (i)

(ii)

(iii)D. CONNIFFE (i)D. DUFFY (i)T. FAHEY (i)

(ii)

D.F. HANNAN

P. HONOHAN

(iii)(i)(ii)(iii)(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)

(vi)

Research Affiliate, Centre for Economic Policy Research, LondonMember, The Royal Irish Academy National Committee for the Study ofInternational AffairsMember, Editorial Advisory Board, Economic Modelling.Member, Working Group on Tax and Welfare Integration.Member, Working Group on Poverty and Welfare in Ireland, CombatPoverty Agency, Department of Social Welfare.Member, Commission on the FamilyCouncil, Economic and Social Studies.Member, Groupeuro - EU panel of speakers on a single currencyChairperson, Tr6caire Research Advisory Group.Member, Council for Research and Development, Catholic BishopsConference of Ireland.Associate Editor (Production), European Sociological Review.Council, Economic and Social Studies.Member, Home School Liaison Committee, Department of Education.Member of R.I.A. Social Sciences CommitteeMember, National Economic and Social Council.Research Fellow, Centre for Economic Policy Research, London.Vice President, Irish Economic Association.Member, Projects Committee, Foundation for Fiscal Studies.Member, Steering Group for Industrial Development, Evaluation Unit,Department of Enterprise & Employment.Member, Editorial Board of Irish Journal of Taxation

12

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G. HUGHES

K.A. KENNEDY

B. NOLAN

K. O’HIGGINS

P. O’CONNELL

E. O’MALLEY

J. ROUGHAN

S. SCOTt

J.J. SEXTON

(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)

(i)(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)(vi)

(i)(ii)

(iii)

(i)(ii)

(iii)(iv)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(i)(ii)(i)(ii)(i)

(ii)(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(i)(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Associate Editor of International Contributions to Labour Studies.Visiting Professor, University College Cork, Department of Economics.Member of Scientific Committee of the Applied Econometrics Association.Member of CIRETOQ Network for Co-operation in Research on Trends inthe Development of Occupations & Qualifications in European Union.Council, Economic and Social Studies.Vice-President, Statistical and Social Inquiry Society ofIreland.National Delegate to the Targeted Socio-economic Research ProgrammeManagement Committee under the EU Fourth Framework Programme1994-1998.Member, EU Committee of Independent Experts on the MEANSProgramme.Visiting Professor, University College Cork.Member of the Advisory Committee on the Assessment of Candidates forMembership of the Royal Irish Academy.Council, Economic and Social Studies.Member, Working Group on Poverty & Welfare in Ireland, CombatPoverty Agency and Department of Social Welfare.National Committee for Economics and Social Sciences - Royal IrishAcademy.Council, Economic and Social Studies.Committee on Family Research, International SociologicalAssociation.National Coordinating Committee on Drug Abuse.Member, Council for Social WelfareMember, Technical Working Group, and Steering Group on Funding ofSecond-Level Schools, Department of Education.Member, Management Board, and Chair, Research Sub-Committee, theBridge Project - Intensive Probation Supervision Initiative administered bythe Probation and Welfare Service, the Irish Youth Foundation, and Cityof Dublin V.E.C.Member of the editorial boards of Youth Studies and the Irish Journal ofSociology.Member, Research Advisory Group, Tr6caire.Member, Board of Combat Poverty Agency.Secretary, Economic and Social Studies.Member, Board of Cerebral Palsy Ireland.Member, Environmental Protection Agency Working Group on EconomicAspects for the Preparation of a State of the Environment Report forIreland.Member of the Board of Nitrigin I~ireann TeorantaMember, Steering Committee on Environmental Policy for the Institute forEuropean Affairs.Member, Central Statistics Office Group on National Accounting &Environment (NAMEA)Member of the Economics Working Group on the State of theEnvironment Report of the Environmental Protection AgencyVice-President, Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland.Irish Correspondent, EU (DGV) Information System Employment(SYSDEM).Irish correspondent to SOPEMI, the OECD International ReportingSystem on Migration.Irish correspondent on RIMET EU (DGV) Network on Third CountryWorkers.Member, Board of Management, St Vincent’s Hospital, Fairview.

13

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B.J. WHELAN

C.T. WHELAN

M. WILEY

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)(vi)

(i)

(ii)(iii)(iv)

(i)

(ii)(iii)

(iv)

Member, Scientific Board on Statistics for Monitoring the Situation ofVulnerable Household Groups in the EU.Irish Representative, EU Advisory Committee on Pan European PanelStudy.Member, Working Group on Poverty and Welfare in Ireland, CombatPoverty Agency and Department of Social Welfare.Member, Research and Methodology Committee of the EuropeanCommunity Household Panel, Eurostat.Council, Economic and Social StudiesMember of the Council of European Centre for Analysis in the SocialSciences (ECASS)Member, Working Group on Poverty and Welfare in Ireland, CombatPoverty Agency and Department of Social Welfare.Member, Editorial Board of European Sociological ReviewJoint Editor, The Economic and Social Review.Member, Combat Poverty Agency Working Group on CommunityDevelopmentMember, Health Research Board and Chairperson, Health ServicesResearch Committee, Health Research Board.Member, Research Committee, St. Michael’s House (Dublin).Member, Foundation Projects Committee, Irish College of GeneralPractitioners.Member, Council of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland.

14

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RESEARCH PROJECTS IN PROGRESS AT 31 DECEMBER 1996

APPENDIX C

I ECONOMIC FORECASTING AND MODELLING

T.J. Baker,D. Duffy,D. Duggan

Study of current trends in theIrish economy.

Continuous.

J. Fitz Gerald, Co-operation with D/Finance on Continuous.F. Shortall medium-term model: data bank model

updating and model use.

Medium-term economic review andoutlook for Ireland.

J. Fitz Gerald,F. Shortall

Revision of MTR model andupdating of databank.

Published as QEC. Nextissue: March 1997.

Next issue: Spring 1997.

II ECONOMIC GROWTH

Energy Policy Research Centre Projects:D. Conniffe a) Econometric and statistical analyses

of energy data.

S. Scott,J. Fitz Gerald

b) Development of an energy data base.

Continuous.

Co-ordination with D/TEC ontheir involvement in this task.

Available to give advice.

S. Scott,J. Fitz Gerald,J. Johnston

c) Energy conservation spin-offs(i) energy conservation and lowincome households; and (ii) energyconservation and market failure.

Environmental Policy Research Centre Projects:

S. Scott, a) Economic instruments supportingA. Barrett, environmental policy.J. Lawlor,J. Fitz Gerald

S. Scott,A. Barrett,F. Shortall

b) Full cost recovery for cohesion fundenvironmental projects.

Continuous.

Final report delivered to DoE,December 1996.

Final report delivered toECOTEC, June 1996, andpresentation to DG XVI, Dec.1996.

Publication by Avebury,April 1997.

Project completed.

15

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hMustrial Development Research Centre Project:E, O’Malley Determinants of competitive

advantage in selected Irish sectors.Draft report submitted toNESC, Nov. 1996.

Revision in lights of NESCcomments.

P, Honohan,A, Barrett,J. Bradley,J. Fitz Gerald,J, Kelly,P. O’Connell,S. Scott et al.

CSF mid-term evaluation.

E. O’Malley European observatory for small andmedium-size enterprises.

III THE INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Banking Research Centre Project:

P, Honohan, Bank credit and bank resources.J. Kelly

Draft outline submitted toDoF December 1996.

Fourth Annual Reportsubmitted to DG XXIII,October 1996.

First paper circulated January1996 (WP 70).

Draft final report due:March 1997.

Preparation of 5th AnnualReport.

Second paper: January1997.

T. Callan,B. Nolan,B,J. Whelan

Income distribution and socio-economicdifferences in international perspective.

Research in progress. Report to EUROSTAT:March 1997.

IV REGIONAL ISSUES

E.W, Henry Regional accounts for Ireland (forCentral Statistics Office).

E.W. Henry Economic impacts of universities ofNorthern Ireland and the Republic.

First report submitted to CSO,Nov. 1996.

Research in progress.

Second report: April 1997.

First draft report: April1997.

V THE PUBLIC SECTOR

T. Callan,B. Nolan

Income supports and work incentives.

T. Callan,J. Walsh

Microsimulation Forum.

Revision for publication.

Initial meeting and trainingcourse.

Publication: March 1997.

Next meeting: Spring1997.

VI PRICES AND INCOME

J. Fitz Gerald, Pricing and competitiveness in the non-I. Keamey tradable sector.

First draft completed. Second draft: Summer1997.

16

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VII DEMOGRAPHY AND LABOUR

Joint FAS/ESRI Manpower Forecasting Programme:G. Hughes, Occupational employment forecastsJ.J. Sexton, 2000.A. Canny

Preparation of forecasts for2002.

Publication scheduledmid- 1997.

A.Barrett,P.J. O’Connell

G. Hughes,P.J. O’Connell

D. Hannan,B. McCabe

Youth unemployment in NorthernEurope.

The Ph.D. labour market and careerpatterns of Ph.D. graduates

Comparative analysis of the relativerates of return to 3rd and 2nd levelqualifications in the Irish labour market.

P.J. O’Connell, Survey of the impact of in-companyA. Barrett training.

P.J. O’Connell,F. McGinnity

P.J. O’Connell,F. McGinnity

J.J. Sexton,P.J. O’Connell,B. Nolan,E. O’Malley,J. Fitz Gerald,W. Roche (UCD),J. Geary (UCD)

E. Smyth

D. Watson,B.J. Whelan

Ex-post evaluation of measures coveredunder Objectives 3 and 4 of the CSF inIreland.

Social integration by transitional labourmarkets: New pathways of labourmarket policy:(a) Training and human capital

investment.

(b) Households and working timeflexibility.

Study of the Irish labour market (for

DG V).

School effectiveness and schoolimprovement: A research study.

Follow-up survey of FAS programmeparticipants.

Research in progress.

Final draft submitted toForbairt, Jan. 1995.

Research in progress.

Research in progress.

Preparation of manuscript forpublication.

Annual report submitted toWZB December 1996

Annual report submitted toWZB December 1996.

Final draft submitted to DG V,Sept. 1996.

Research in progress.

Report submitted to F,~S, July1996.

Interim report: November1997

Preparation of draft forpublication by Forf~is.

First draft report: January1997.

First draft report: Summer1997.

Publication by AveburyPress: July 1997.

Second interim report:September 1997.

Second interim report:September 1997.

Publication by EuropeanCommission: January1997.

First draft: January 1997.

Project completed.

17

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VIII SOCIAL POLICY

Social Welfare Research Programme for Dept of Social Welfare & Combat Poverty Agency:

T. Callan, a) Poverty measurement. Published.B. Nolan,B.J. Whelan, b) Tax-benefit modelling. Draft report submitted.C.T. Whelan,D. Watson,J. Williams, c) Assessment of policy changes 1987- Research in progress.J. Walsh 1994.

Completed.

Prototype model: Spring1997.

First draft report: Spring1997.

d) Contexts of poverty (for Combat Second report submitted to Revision in light ofPoverty Agency). Combat Poverty, Nov. comments from Combat

1996. Poverty.

e) Poverty and social exclusion:Analysing cumulative disadvantage.

Health Policy Research Centre Projects:

Research in progress.

D. Conniffe a) Updating of data and statistical Continuousanalyses of relevance to Centre projects.

P. Murray b) Promoting better health through External refereeinglifestyle change, completed.

Final report sent to Dept. ofHealth, Aug. 1996.

D. Watson c) Factors influencing GP attachmentand implications for health service usage

M. Wiley, d) Activity in acute hospitals in Ireland, Final report submitted toA. Clifton, 1990 Department of Health, JuneP. Devereux 1994.

M. M. Wiley, e) Study of the implementation andA. Leahy, evaluation of computer-based surgicalD. Bouchier- audit in selected Irish hospitalsHayes

f) Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE)

Report completed.

M.M. Wiley,A. Clifton,D. Murphy,J. Bourke,C. Mitchell,N. Wall,M. Glynn

Continuous

Firstdraff report: April1997.

Preparation for publication.

Project completed.

Publication.

Publication by RoyalCollege of Surgeons.

Continuous

T. Callan,B. Nolan,B.J. Whelan,C.T. Whelan,J. Williams

European Community household panelin Ireland.

Wave 2 dataset sent toEurostat, June 1996.

Fieldwork on Wave 3.

18

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T. Fahey

B. Nolan,C.T. Whelan

D. Watson,B.J. Whelan

The family, the elderly and state policyin Ireland - a review.

Employment precarity, unemploymentand social exclusion

Survey of victims of crime

Interim report submitted toOireachtas Committee:September 1996.

Report on existing Irishresearch & data sources sent toco-ordinators, May 1996.

Data set and basic reportdelivered to Garda ResearchUnit.

Completion of study: December1996.

Analysis of Irish trendsover time: January 1997.

Project completed.

19

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CORPORATE AND INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE

APPENDIX D

CORPORATE MEMBERS

ABBOTr LABORATORIES IRELAND LTD., 70 Broomhill Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24ABILITY EDUCATION CENTRE, Carriage Road, Navan, Co MeathABN AMRO Bank N.V., 1211122 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2ACC PLC., Upper Hatch Street, Dublin 2ACCO-REXEL LTD., Phoenix Industrial Estate, Castleknock, Dublin 15ACCOUNTANCY & BUSINESS COLLEGE, Little Longford Street, Dublin 2AER RIANTA, Head Office, Dublin Airport, Co. DublinAIB GROUP PLC, Bankcentre, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4AKZO NOBEL DECORATIVE COATINGS LIMITED, Malahide Road, Dublin 17AIB INVESTMENT MANAGERS LTD, AIB Investment House, Percy Place, Dublin 4AMDAHL IRELAND LTD., Swords, Co. DublinANSBACHER & COMPANY LIMITED, 18 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2ARDAGH MANAGEMENT LIMITED, South Bank Road, Dublin 4ARDEE COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Ardee, Co. LouthARDSCOIL PHADRAIG, Granard, Co. LongfordARNOTrS DUBLIN PLC, P. O. Box 406, 12 Henry Street, Dublin 1ARTHUR ANDERSEN & COMPANY, Andersen House, I-Iarbourmaster Place, Dublin 1ASSOCIATION OF HIGHER CIVIL SERVANTS, 4 Warners Lane, Dartmouth Road, Dublin 6ASSOCIATION OF SECONDARY TEACHERS, IRELAND, ASTI House, Winetavern Street, Dublin 8ATHLONE REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, The Library, Dublin Road, Athlone, Co. Westmeath

BALLINCOLLIG COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Innishmore, Ballincollig, Co. CorkBALLYFERMOT SENIOR COLLEGE, Ballyfermot Road, Dublin 10BANK OF IRELAND, Head Office, Lower Baggot Street, Dublin 2BANQUE NATIONALE DE PARIS (Dublin Branch) LTD., 111 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2BARRY’S TEA LIMITED, Kinsale Road, CorkBAYER (IRELAND) LTD., Industrial Estate, Kill 0’ The Grange, Dun Laoghaire, Co DublinBECTON DICKINSON & CO. LTD., Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. DublinBISHOPSTOWN COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Bishopstown, Co. CorkBITECH ENGINEERING, Dunleer, Co LouthBLOXHAM STOCKBROKERS, 11 Fleet Street, Dublin 2BOC GASES IRELAND LIMITED, P. O. Box 201, Bluebell, Dublin 12BOOTS HEALTHCARE LIMITED, Parkview House, Beech Hill Office Campus, Clonskeagh, Dublin 4AN BORD ALTRANAIS, 31/32 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin 2AN BORD BIA (IRISH FOOD BOARD), Elm House, Clanwilliam Court, Lower Mount St, Dublin 2BORD FAILTE, Baggot Street Bridge, Dublin 2BORD GAIS EIREANN, P.O. Box 51, Inchera, Little Island, CorkBORD IASCAIGH MHARA, P.O. Box 12, Crofton Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. DublinBORD NA MONA, Main Street, Newbridge, Co. KildareAN BORD TRACHTALA, Merrion Hall, Strand Road, Sandymount, Dublin 4THE BORDEN COMPANY LIMITED, West End, Mallow, Co. Cork

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BRAY V.E.C., V.E.C. Administrative Offices, Unit 1, Market Court, Bray, Co WicklowBRAZILIAN EMBASSY, Europa House, Harcourt Centre, Harcourt Street, Dublin 2BRIGIDINE PROVINCIALATE, Castletown Road, Mountrath, Co. LaoisBRITISH EMBASSY, 31/33 Merrion Road, Dublin 4THE BRITISH LIBRARY, Serials Acquisitions, Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West

Yorkshire LS23 7BQBRUCE-SHAW PARTNERSHIP, 28 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2BURMAH/CASTROL (IRELAND) LTD., Alexandra Road, Dublin 1BWG FOODS LIMITED, P. O. Box 1470, Greenhills Road, Walkinstown, Dublin 12

CADBURY IRELAND PLC, Coolock, Dublin 5CALOR TEORANTA, Long Mile Road, Dublin 12CARLOW REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Kilkenny Road, CarlowP.J. CARROLL & COMPANY LTD., Burton Hall Park, Sandyford, Dublin 18CAVAN COUNTY COUNCIL, Courthouse, Cavan, Co CavanCAVAN COUNTY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE, Keadue, CavanCAVAN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, Cullies, CavanCENTRAL BANK OF IRELAND, P. O. Box 559, Dame Street, Dublin 2CENTRAL STATISTICS OFFICE, Ardee Road, Rathmines, Dublin 6CENTRE FOR CO-OP. STUDIES, University College, CorkCENTRE FOR IRISH STUDIES, Catholic University of America, Washington D.C. 20064, U.S.A.CERT LIMITED, CERT House, Amiens Street, Dublin 1CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE OF IRELAND, 22 Merrion Square, Dublin 2CHASE MANHATTAN BANK (IRELAND) PLC, La Touche House, International Financial Services

Centre, Dublin 1CHRISTIAN BROTHERS COLLEGE, Monkstown Park, Dun Laoghaire, Co. DublinCIE, Group Business Planning, Heuston Station, Dublin 8CIRCA GROUP EUROPE LTD, 62 Kenilworth Square, Dublin 6CITIBANK, N.A., 71 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2CITY OF GALWAY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE, Island House, Cathedral Square,

GalwayCIVIL AND PUBLIC SERVICE UNION, 72 Lower Leeson Street, Dublin 2CLANCOURT MANAGEMENT LTD., 12 Merrion Square, Dublin 2CLANWILLIAM CONSULTING LTD, 16 Herbert Street, Dublin 2CLARE COUNTY COUNCIL, The Courthouse, Ennis, Co. ClareH.E. CLISSMAN, 44 Dartmouth Square, Dublin 6COCA-COLA ATLANTIC, Industrial Estate, Drogheda, Co. LouthCOILLTE TEORANTA, Leeson Lane, Dublin 2COLAISTE CHIARAIN, Celbridge Road, Leixlip, Co. KildareCOLLEGE OF ART, COMMERCE & TECHNOLOGY (CoACT), Moylish Park, LimerickCOLLEGE OF COMMERCE, Rathmines Road, Dublin 6COLLINSTOWN PARK COMMUNITY COLLEGE, Rowlagh, Clondalkin, Dublin 22COMBAT POVERTY AGENCY, Bridgewater Centre, Conyngham Road, Islandbridge, Dublin 8COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Brussels, BelgiumCOMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 39 Molesworth Street, Dublin 2COMMUNICATIONS WORKERS’ UNION, 575 North Circular Road, Dublin 7CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY FEDERATION, Federation House, Canal Road, Dublin 6CO-OPERATION NORTH, 7 Botanic Avenue, Belfast BT7 1JGCORAL LEISURE (IRELAND) LIMITED, 25A Bridge Street, Ringsend, Dublin 4CORK CITY LIBRARY, Grand Parade, CorkCORK CITY V.E.C., Crawford Art Gallery, Emmet Place, CorkCORK CO-OPERATIVE MARTS LTD., P. O. Box 661, Wilton, CorkCORK CORPORATION, City Hall, CorkCORK COUNTY COUNCIL, County Hall, CorkCORK COUNTY LIBRARY, Farranlea Road, CorkCORK COUNTY V.E.C., County Hall, CorkCORK REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork

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CORNHILL INSURANCE PLC, Russell Court, St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2COUNCIL FOR SOCIAL WELFARE, 169 Booterstowu Avenue, Blackrock, Co. DublinCOUNTY & CITY MANAGERS’ ASSOCIATION, Olaf House, 33-37 Ushers Quay, Dublin 8CRAFTS COUNCIL OF IRELAND, Powerscourt Townhouse Centre, South William Street, Dublin 2CRAIG GARDNER & CO., Chartered Accountants, Gardner House, Wilton Place, Dublin 2CRH PLC, Belgard Castle, Belgard Road, Clondalkin, Dublin 22CURTIN DORGAN ASSOCIATES, 17 Adelaide Road, Dublin 2

DDFH&B, 3 Christchurch Square, Dublin 8DELOITTE & TOUCHE, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2DEVELOPMENT CAPITAL CORPORATION LIMITED, DCC House, Brewery Rd, Stillorgan, Co. DublinDHL INTERNATIONAL (I) LIMITED, Cargo Terminal 2, Dublin Airport, Co DublinDISABILITY FEDERATION OF IRELAND, 2 Sandyford Office Park, Dublin 18DOUGLAS COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Clermont Avenue, Douglas, CorkDRESDNER INTERNATIONAL FINANCE PLC, La Touche House, International Financial Services

Centre, Dublin 1DROGHEDA V.E.C., King Street, Drogheda, Co. LouthDUBLIN CITY V.E.C., Town Hall, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4DUBLIN CORPORATION, City Hall, Dublin 2DUBLIN COUNTY V.E.C., Main Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24DUBLIN INNER CITY PARTNERSHIP, Equity House, 16/17 Upper Ormond Quay, Dublin 7DUBLIN PORT & DOCKS BOARD, Port Centre, Alexandra Road, Dublin 1DUN & BRADSTREET INTERNATIONAL, Holbrook House, Holies Street, Dublin 2DUNDALK REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, College Library, Dundalk, Co. LouthDUN LAOGHAIRE SENIOR COLLEGE, Eblana Avenue, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin

EAGLE STAR INSURANCE COMPANY (IRELAND) LTD., Eagle Star House, Ballsbridge Park, Dublin 4EASON & SON LTD., P. O. Box 42, 80 Middle Abbey Street, Dublin 1EASTERN HEALTH BOARD, P. O. Box 41A, 1 James’s Street, Dublin 8EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF, Marlborough Street, Dublin 1EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE, St Patrick’s College, Drumcondra, Dublin 9ELECTRICITY SUPPLY BOARD, 27 Lower Fitzwilliam Street, Dublin 2ELGA WATER TREATMENT LIMITED, 127 B aldoyle Industrial Estate, Baldoyle, Dublin 13ELIDA LEVER IRELAND LIMITED, Belgard Industrial Estate, Tallaght, Dublin 24ELI LILLY S.A., Dunderrow, Kinsale, Co. CorkEMI RECORDS, 1 Ailesbury Road, Dublin 4ENVIRONMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE, Custom House, Dublin 1L.M. ERICSSON LIMITED, Beechill, Clonskeagh, Dublin 4ERNST & YOUNG, Ernst & Young Building, Harcourt Centre, Dublin 2ESSO IRELAND LTD., Stillorgan, Co. DublinEUROPEAN PARLIAMENT OFFICE, Jean Monet Centre, 43 Molesworth Street, Dublin 2

FAS - Training and Employment Authority, 27/33 Upper Baggot St., Dublin 4FAS, Programme Development, 27/33 Upper Baggot Street, Dublin 4F~,S, Training Centre, Garrycastle, Athlone, Co. WestmeathFIANNA FAIL, Fifth Floor, Leinster House, Kildare Street, Dublin 2FINANCE, DEPARTMENT OF, Government Buildings, Upper Merrion Street, Dublin 2FINANCE & PERSONNEL, DEPARTMENT OF, Policy Planning and Research Unit, Parliament

Buildings, Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SW, Northern IrelandFINE GAEL PARTY, 51 Upper Mount Street, Dublin 2FINGAL COUNTY COUNCIL, 46/49 Upper O’Connell Street, Dublin 1FIRST NATIONAL BUILDING SOCIETY, Skehan House, Booterstown, Co. DublinFMC INTERNATIONAL, Wallingstown, Little Island, CorkFONDAZIONE REGIONALE, Viale Tunisia 2, 20124 Milan, ItalyFORBAIRT, Ballymun Road, Glasnevin, Dublin 9HENRY FORD & SON LTD., Elm Court, Boreen Manna Rd, CorkFORFAS, Wilton Park House, Wilton Place, Dublin 2

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FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF, 80 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2FOSROC EXPAND1TE (IRELAND) LIMITED, Unit 45, John F. Kennedy Avenue, Bluebell, Dublin 12FRIENDS PROVIDENT, Irish Managed Funds, 29-30 Adelaide Road, Dublin 2FUJI PHOTO FILM (IRELAND) LTD., 78 Lagan Road, Glasnevin, Dublin 11FYFFES GROUP IRELAND LIMITED, 1 Beresford Street, Dublin 7

GAEL-LINN, 26 Cearnog Mhuirfean, Baile Atha Cliath 2GALLAHER (DUBLIN) LTD., Virginia House, Greenhills Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24GALWAY CORPORATION, City Hall, College Road, GalwayGALWAY COUNTY COUNCIL, County Buildings, Prospect Hill, GalwayGALWAY COUNTY LIBRARIES, Island House, Cathedral Square, Galway CityGALWAY R.T.C., Dublin Road, GalwayGANDON SECURITIES LTD., Andersen House, 1 Harbourmaster Place, IFSC, Dublin 1GARDA SIOCHANA COLLEGE, The Library, Templemore, Co. TipperaryGARDA SIOCHANA COMPLAINTS BOARD, Irish Life Centre, Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 1GENERAL COUNCIL OF COUNTY COUNCILS, Unit 3, Greenmount House, Greenmount Office Park,

Harold’s Cross Road, Dublin 6WGERMAN-IRISH CHAMBER OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE, 46 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin 6GILL AND MACMILLAN, Goldenbridge, Inchicore, Dublin 8GLAXO WELLCOME LIMITED, P. O. Box No. 700, Grange Road, Rathfarnham, Dublin 16GONZAGA COLLEGE, Sandford Road, Dublin 6GOWAN DISTRIBUTORS LTD., Gowan House, Naas Road, Dublin 12GREENCORE PLC., St. Stephen’s Green House, Dublin 2GUINNESS IRELAND LTD., St James’s Gate, Dublin 8

HAMILTON OSBORNE KING, 32 Molesworth Street, Dublin 2HEALTH & SAFETY AUTHORITY, 10 Hogan’s Place, Dublin 2HENDERSON (IRELAND) LIMITED, Westlink Industrial Estate, Kylemore Road, Dublin 10HENLEY CENTRE IRELAND, 28 Upper Fitzwilliam Street, Dublin 2HERON SUZUKI (IRELAND) LTD, 57 Broomhill Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24HEWLETr PACKARD (IRELAND) LTD., Stradbrook Road, Blackrock, Co DublinHGW PAINTS LTD., P. O. Box 45, Shandon Works, Commons Road, CorkHIGHER EDUCATION AUTHORITY, 21 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin 2HOECHST IRELAND LIMITED, Cookstown, Tallaght, Dublin 24HOLY FAMILY COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Rathcoole, Co. DublinHOOKE & MACDONALD, 52 Merrion Square, Dublin 2

IBCA SOVEREIGN RATINGS LTD., Eldon House, 2 Eldon Street, London EC2M 7LSIBEC, Baggot Bridge House, 84/86 Lower Baggot Street, Dublin 2ICC BANK PLC, 72-74 Harcourt Street, Dublin 2ICMSA, John Feely House, 15 Upper Mallow Street, LimerickIMPACT, Nerney’s Court, Off Temple Street, Dublin 1INCHICORE V.E.C., Emmet Road, Dublin 8INDECON (IRELAND), Indecon House, 24 Wellington Quay, Dublin 2INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPERS PLC, Group Headquarters, 1/2 Upper Hatch Street, Dublin 2INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, 59-61 Lansdowne Road, Dublin 4INTO, 35 Parnell Square, Dublin 1IRISH BISCUITS LIMITED, Belgard Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24IRISH CONGRESS OF TRADE UNIONS, 19 Raglan Road, Dublin 4IRISH CO-OPERATIVE ORGANISATION SOCIETY LTD., Plunkett House, 84 Merrion Square, Dublin 2IRISH EXPORTERS ASSOCIATION, Holbrook House, Holles Street, Dublin 2IRISH FARMERS JOURNAL, Irish Farm Centre, Bluebell, Dublin 12IRISH FERTILIZER INDUSTRIES, Warrington Place, Dublin 2IRISH INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVES LTD., 87/89 Waterloo Road, Dublin 4IRISH LEAGUE OF CREDIT UNIONS, Castleside Drive, Rathfarnham, Dublin 14IRISH LIFE ASSURANCE PLC, Irish Life Centre, Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 1IRISH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, Sandyford Road, Dundrum, Dublin 14

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IRISH MARKETING SURVEYS GROUP LTD., 20-21 Upper Pembroke Street, Dublin 2IRISH MEDICAL ORGANISATION, 10 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2IRISH NATIONAL ORGANISATION OF THE UNEMPLOYED, 6 Gardiner Row, Dublin 1IRISH NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION LTD., Warrington Hse, Mount Street Crescent,

Dublin 2IRISH NURSES ORGANISATION, 11 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2IRISH PENSIONS TRUST LTD., Hill Samuel House, 25-28 Adelaide Road, Dublin 2IRISH SHELL, Shell House, Beech Hill, Clonskeagh, Dublin 4THE IRISH TIMES LTD., 11-15 D’Olier Street, Dublin 2IRISH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, 99 Marlborough Road, Dublin 4

JETRO (Japan External Trade Organisation), Statoil House, 1 Setanta Place, Dublin 2JOHNSON & JOHNSON (IRELAND) LIMITED, Belgard Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24JONES LANG WOOTTON, 10/11 Molesworth Street, Dublin 2JUSTICE, DEPARTMENT OF, 72/76 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2

KELLOGGS IRELAND LIMITED, Unit 4, Airways Industrial Estate, Clonshaugh, Dublin 17KERRY COUNTY COUNCIL, Rathass, Tralee, Co. KerryKERRY COUNTY LIBRARY, Moyderwell, Tralee, Co KerryKERRY COUNTY V.E.C., 24 Denny Street, Tralee, Co. KerryKILCORAN FINANCIAL SERVICES, 28 North Main Street, Youghal, Co CorkKILDARE COUNTY COUNCIL, St. Mary’s, Naas, Co. KildareKILDARE COUNTY V.E.C, Limerick Road, Naas, Co. KildareKILKENNY COUNTY COUNCIL, John’s Green, KilkennyKILKENNY COUNTY V.E.C., Cashel House, Kells Road, KilkennyKILLEEN INVESTMENTS IRELAND LIMITED, Lexus House, Killeen Road, Dublin 12KPMG, i Stokes Place, St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2II

LABOUR COURT, Tom Johnson House, Haddington Road, Dublin 4LAOIS COUNTY COUNCIL, The Courthouse, Portlaoise, Co. LaoisLAOIS COUNTY V.E.C., Ridge Road, Portlaoise, Co. LaoisLAOIS TEACHERS CENTRE, Bridge Street, Portlaoise, Co LaoisLEITRIM COUNTY COUNCIL, Courthouse, Carrick-on-Shannon, Co. LeitrimLETI’ERKENNY REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Letterkenny, Co DonegalLIMERICK COUNTY COUNCIL, County Buildings, 80/83 O’Connell Street, LimerickLIMERICK COUNTY V.E.C., 58 O’Connell Street, LimerickLIMERICK SENIOR COLLEGE, Mulgrave Street, LimerickLISNEY, 24 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2LOCAL GOVERNMENT STAFF NEGOTIATIONS BOARD, 35/37 Usher’s Quay, Dublin 8LOCTITE (IRELAND) LTD., Whitestown Industrial Estate, Tallaght, Dublin 24LONGFORD COUNTY COUNCIL, County Council Offices, Dublin Road, LongfordLONGFORD COUNTY V.E.C., Vocational School, Battery Road, LongfordLORETO EDUCATION OFFICE, Loreto Lodge, Foxrock, Dublin 18LSB COLLEGE, Balfe House, Balfe Street, Dublin 2

McCANN-ERICKSON DUBLIN, 65-68 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2McCANN FITZGERALD, 2 Harbourmaster Place, Custom House Docks, Dublin 1McCONNELLS ADVERTISING LIMITED, McConnell House, Charlemont Place, Dublin 2McHUGH CONSULTANTS, 16 Herbert Place, Dublin 2J. & A. MclNERNEY, Huntstown House, Mulhuddart, Dublin 15KIERAN McKEOWN LIMITED, Economic & Social Research Consultants, 16 Hollybank Road,

Drumcondra, Dublin 9M/A-COM EUROTEC OPERATIONS, Youngline Centre, Pouladuff Road, CorkMAGUIRE AND PATERSON LIMITED, Hammond Lane, Dublin 7MARATHON PETROLEUM IRELAND LTD., Mahon Industrial Estate, Blackrock, CorkMARINE, DEPARTMENT OF, Leeson Lane, Dublin 2MARINO INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION, Griffith Avenue, Dublin 9

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MARY IMMACULATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, South Circular Road, LimerickMASTERFOODS LTD., 7/8 Harcourt Street, Dublin 2MATLOCK BANK LIMITED, 1 Connaught Place, London W2 2DYMAYO COUNTY LIBRARY, Mountain View, Castlebar, Co. MayoMAYO COUNTY V.E.C., Newtown, Castlebar, Co. MayoMERCK SHARP & DOHME (IRELAND) LTD., Ballydine, Kilsheelan, Clonmel, Co. TipperaryMIDLAND HEALTH BOARD, Arden Road, Tullamore, Co. OffalyMMC COMMERCIALS LTD., Mitsubishi House, J.F.K. Drive, Naas Road, Dublin 12MONAGHAN COUNTY LIBRARY, The Diamond, Clones, Co. MonaghanMSF UNION, 15 Merrion Square, Dublin 2MUNICIPAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE, O’Connell Avenue, LimerickMURPHY BREWERY IRELAND LTD, Lady’s Well Brewery, Cork

NATIONAL COLLEGE OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, The Library, Sandford Road, Ranelagh, Dublin 6NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL AWARDS, 26 Mountjoy Square, Dublin 1NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR VOCATIONAL AWARDS, Marino Institute of Education, Griffith Avenue,

Dublin 9NATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES OF IRELAND, 11 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL FORUM, Government Buildings, Upper Merrion Street, Dublin 2NATIONAL IRISH BANK LIMITED, 7-8 Wilton Terrace, Dublin 2NATIONAL ROADS AUTHORITY, St Martin’s House, Waterloo Road, Dublin 4NATIONAL SOCIAL SERVICES BOARD, 7th Floor, Hume House, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4NATIONAL TREASURY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, Treasury Building, Lower Grand Canal St.,

Dublin 2NATIONAL YOUTH COUNCIL OF IRELAND, 3 Montague Street, Dublin 2NCB GROUP, 48-53 Mount Street, Dublin 2NEW IRELAND ASSURANCE CO PLC, 11-12 Dawson Street, Dublin 2A.C. NIELSEN OF IRELAND LIMITED, Knockmaun House, 42/47 Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2NORTHERN IRELAND ECONOMIC COUNCIL, 2 Linenhall Street, Belfast BT2 8BANORTHERN IRELAND ECONOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE, 46-48 University Road, Belfast BT7 1NJNOVARTIS AGRIBUSINESS IRELAND LIMITED, Animal Health Sector, Industrial Park, Cork Road,

Waterford

O’CONNOR O’SULLIVAN LTD., 52 Northumberland Road, Dublin 4O’FLAHERTY HOLDINGS LIMITED, 33 Leeson Park, Dublin 6OFFALY COUNTY COUNCIL, The Courthouse, Tullamore, Co. OffalyOFFALY COUNTY V.E.C., O’Connor Square, Tullamore, Co. OffalyOFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, 52 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2OFFICE OF PUBLIC WORKS, 51 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2OGRA CHORCAI, 20 Patrick’s Hill, CorkORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT, Main Library, 2 Rue

Andre Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France

PHELAN PRESCOTT & CO., Alton House, Herbert Street, Dublin 2PHILIPS ELECTRONICS IRELAND LIMITED, Newstead, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14AN POST, General Post Office, O’Connell Street, Dublin 1PPI ADHESIVE PRODUCTS LTD., Industrial Estate, WaterfordPRESENTATION COLLEGE, Athenry, Co. GalwayPREVIEW, The Lodge, Ticknock Road, Sandyford, Dublin 18

RABOBANK IRELAND LTD, 2 Harbourmaster Place, IFSC, Dublin 1RADIO TELEFIS EIREANN, Donnybrook, Dublin 4RAIDIO NA GAELTACHTA, Casla, Conamara, Co. na GaillimheREADYMIX PLC, 5/23 East Wall Road, Dublin 3REHABILITATION INSTITUTE, Roslyn Park, Sandymount, Dublin 4REVENUE COMMISSIONERS, Dublin Castle, Dublin 2RHONE POULENC RORER, 14 Deansgrange Industrial Estate, Blackrock, Co. Dublin

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RIADA STOCKBROKERS & CO., 1 College Green, Dublin 2RICHVIEW BROWNE & NOLAN, Botanic Road, Dublin 9ROSCOMMON COUNTY COUNCIL, Courthouse, RoscommonROSCOMMON COUNTY V.E.C., Lanesboro Street, RoscommonROSCOMMON REGIONAL YOUTH SERVICE, Abbey Street, RoscommonROSCREA VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, Roscrea, Co. TipperaryROSEMOUNT IRELAND, 151 Industrial Estate, Shannon, Co. ClareROYAL INSURANCE CO. LTD., 50 Dawson Street, Dublin 2R.S. SALES LIMITED, 8 Hanover Quay, Dublin 2

ST. AUGUSTINES SCHOOL, c/o Augustinian Priory, O’Connell Street, Limerick CityST. AIDAN’S COMMUNITY COLLEGE, Dublin Hill, CorkST. ANGELA’S COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, The Library, Lough Gill, SligoST. CATHERINE’S COLLEGE OF HOME ECONOMICS, The Library, Sion Hill, Blackrock, Co. DublinST. COLUMBA’S COLLEGE, Stranorlar, Co DonegalST. DECLAN’S COLLEGE, Nephin Road, Cabra, Dublin 7ST. JOSEPH’ ACADEMY, Kildare Town, Co. KildareST. KEVIN’S COMMUNITY COLLEGE, Clondalkin, Dublin 22ST. KILIAN’S COMMUNITY SCHOOL, Ballywaltrim, Bray, Co. WicklowST. PATRICK’S COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL, The Library, Shannon, Co. ClareSALESIAN YOUTH ENTERPRISES, 72 Lower Sean McDermott Street, Dublin 1SCHERING-PLOUGH (AVONDALE) COMPANY, Rathdrum, Co. WicklowSCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IRELAND, Maynooth Road, Celbridge, Co. KildareTHE SCOqqTSH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2YA, ScotlandSHANNON DEVELOPMENT, Shannon, Co. ClareSHERRY FITZGERALD, Merrion House, Merrion Row, Dublin 2SIPTU, Liberty Hall, Dublin 1SISTERS OF LA SAGESSE SERVICES, Cregg House, SligoSLIGO REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Ballinode, SligoSLIGO COUNTY V.E.C., Riverside, SligoSMITHKLINE BEECHAM, Corrig Avenue, Dun Laoghaire, Co. DublinSMITHKLINE BEECHAM (MANUFACTURING) LIMITED, Currabinny, Carrigaline, Co. CorkSMURFIT GROUP SERVICES LTD, Beech Hill, Clonskeagh, Dublin 4SMURFIT CORRUGATED CASES, Ballymount Road, Walkinstown, Dublin 12SMURFIT IRELAND, Botanic Road, Glasnevin, Dublin 9SMURFIT PAPER MILLS, Clonskeagh Road, Clonskeagh, Dublin 6SMURFIT PARIBAS BANK LIMITED, 94 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2SMURFIT PRINT, 33 Botanic Road, Dublin 9SMURFIT WEB PRESS, Botanic Road, Dublin 9SOCIAL WELFARE, DEPARTMENT OF, Pearse Street, Dublin 2SONY IRELAND, 82 Broomhill Road, Tallaght, Dublin 24SOUTH EASTERN EDUCATION & LIBRARY BOARD, Ballynahinch, Co. Down BT24 8DHSOUTH EASTERN HEALTH BOARD, Lacken, Dublin Road, KilkennySPANISH COMMERCIAL OFFICE, 35 Molesworth Street, Dublin 2STANDARD LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, 90 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2STATOIL IRELAND LIMITED, Setanta Place, Dublin 2STENA SEALINK LINE LTD, The Ferry Terminal, Dun Laoghaire Harbour, Co. DublinSUPERQUINN LIMITED, Enterprise House, Blackrock, Co. Dublin

TALLAGHT REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Tallaght, Dublin 24TANDEM COMPUTERS, Huguenot House, 35/38 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2TAOISEACH, DEPARTMENT OF THE, Government Buildings, Upper Merrion Street, Dublin 2TARA MINES LTD., Knockumber House, Navan, Co MeathTEACHERS UNION OF IRELAND, 73 Orwell Road, Rathgar, Dublin 6TEAGASC, 19 Sandymount Avenue, Dublin 4TELECOM EIREANN, St Stephen’s Green West, Dublin 2TEXACO IRELAND LIMITED, Texaco House, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4

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THORSMAN IRELAND LTD., Industrial Estate, Donore Road, Drogheda, Co. LouthTIPPERARY (NORTH RIDING) V.E.C., Church Road, Nenagh, Co. TipperaryTIPPERARY (SOUTH RIDING) COUNTY COUNCIL, County Buildings, Emmet Square, Clonmel, Co.

TipperaryCOUNTY TIPPERARY JOINT LIBRARIES COMMITTEE, County Library, Castle Avenue, Thurles, Co.

TipperaryTOYOTA (IRELAND) LIMITED, Lexus House, Killeen Road, Dublin 12TRALEE REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Clash, Tralee, Co. KerryTRALEE V.E.C., Moyderwell, Tralee, Co. KerryTRANSPORT SALARIED STAFFS’ ASSOCIATION, 7 Gardiner Place, Dublin 1

UDARAS NA GAELTACHTA, Na Forbacha, GaillimhULSTER BANK LIMITED, Head Office, P.O. Box 232, 47 Donegall Place, Belfast BT1 5AUUNILEVER GROUP, Whitehall Road, Rathfarnham, Dublin 14UNITED DRUG PLC, United Drug House, Belgard Road, Dublin 24UNIVERSAL HONDA LIMITED, Old Naas Road, Bluebell, Dublin 12UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK, Western Road, CorkUNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, Belfield, Dublin 4UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK, Plassey House, LimerickUNIVERSITY COLLEGE SWANSEA, Main Library, Singleton Park, Swansea, West Glamorgan SA2 8PP,

WalesUNIVERSITY OF ULSTER AT JORDANSTOWN, Faculty of Business and Management, Shore Road,

Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, N. IrelandUPONOR LIMITED, Bishopstown, Cork

VALUATION OFFICE, 6 Ely Place, Dublin 2VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, Athenry, Co GalwayVOLUNTARY HEALTH INSURANCE BOARD, VHI House, 20 Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 1

WARNER LAMBERT (IRELAND) LTD., Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. DublinWATERFORD CORPORATION, City Hall, WaterfordWATERFORD COUNTY COUNCIL, Arus Brugha, Dungarvan, Co. WaterfordWATERFORD CITY V.E.C., 30 The Mall, WaterfordWATERFORD FOODS PLC, Dungarvan, Co. WaterfordWATERFORD REGIONAL TECHNICAL COLLEGE, Cork Road, WaterfordWESTERN HEALTH BOARD, Merlin Park Regional Hospital, GalwayWEXFORD TOWN V.E.C., Vocational School, Westgate, WexfordWICKLOW COUNTY COUNCIL, County Buildings, WicklowWOODCHESTER INVESTMENTS PLC, Woodchester House, Golden Lane, Dublin 8WOODGRANGE CONSULTANTS, 25 Merrion Square, Dublin 2WRC SOCIAL & ECONOMIC CONSULTANTS, 4 Lower Ormond Quay, Dublin 1

YAMANOUCHI IRELAND COMPANY LIMITED, Damastown, Mulhuddart, Dublin 15

ZENECA IRELAND LIMITED, P.O. Box 245A, College Park House, 20 Nassau Street, Dublin 2

INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS

ARTHURS, Edward, 40 Walkinstown Avenue, Walkinstown, Dublin 12

BANKS, Paddy, An Post, G.P.O., O’Connell Street, Dublin 1BARLOW, Anthony C., Department of Economics, University College, CorkBARRETT, Sean D., M.A., Economics Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2*BARRINGTON, T.J., Dargleside, Enniskerry, Co. WicklowBARRY, John P., Pitney Bowes plc, Parkmore Industrial Estate, Long Mile Road, Dublin 12

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*BLACK, R.D.C., Ph.D., 14 Malone Court, Belfast BT9 6PA, N. IrelandBONNER, K., Secretary, Department of Enterprise & Employment, Kildare Street, Dublin 2*BOURKE, J.V., M.Comm., Ph.D., LL.D., 22 Forffield Park, Dublin 6BOYLAN, Thomas A., Department of Economics, University College, GalwayBOYLE, Joe, B.Comm., Golden Vale Food Products Ltd., Charleville, Co. CorkBRADLEY, Finbarr D., B.E., M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dublin Business School, Dublin City University,

Glasnevin, Dublin 9BRADY, Rev. John M., S.J., National College of Industrial Relations, Sandford Road, Ranelagh, Dublin 6BRASSILL, Michael, Head of Group Credit Policy, Group Risk Management, AIB Group, Bankcentre,

Ballsbridge, Dublin 4*BRODERICK, J.B., M.Sc., 6 Ailesbury Park, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4*BUCKLEY, D.J., Vice President and General Manager, Merck, Sharp and Dohme (Ireland) Ltd., Ballydine,

Kilsheelan, Clonmel, Co. TipperaryBUITLEIR, Donal de, B.A., M.Econ.Sc., Ph.D., 11 Merrion Park, South Hill Avenue, Blackrock, Co Dublin

CASEY, J. Jerome, B.A., M.Econ.Sc., 55 St Laurence Road, Chapelizod, Dublin 20CAWLEY, James, Cawley & Company, 26 Lower Hatch Street, Dublin 2.CAWLEY, Susanna, B.A., M.A.Econ., Solr.,Cawley & Company, 26 Lower Hatch Street, Dublin 2CLANCY, Patrick, B.A., M.Ed., Ph.D., Department of Social Science, University College, Belfield,

Dublin 4COGHLAN, Noel, M.A., M.Sc.(Econ.), Av. Emile van Becelaere 24B (BP5), 1180 Brussels, BelgiumCONATY, Philip J., M.Sc., C.Phy., M.Inst.P.H.D.E., Marian College, Lansdowne Road, Dublin 4CONLON, G.T. Paul, "Lynwood", Beech Park, Cabinteely, Dublin 18*CONNELLAN, Liam, B.E., C.Eng., F.I.E.I., President, RDS, Dublin 4CORLEY, Michael, B.A., B.Comm., H.D.E., 3 Four Seasons Drive, Tulla Road, Ennis, Co. ClareCOUGHLAN, J.A., Senior Lecturer in Social Administration, Social Studies Department, Trinity College,

Dublin 2*CROMIEN, Scan, B.A., Dublin.

*DEAN, Geoffrey, M.D., F.R.C.P., 39 Nutley Road, Donnybrook, Dublin 4DELANY, James J., M.A., M.B.A., B.L., 14 Manor Close, Highfield Manor, Dublin 16DILLON, W.B., Chief Executive, Amdahl Ireland Ltd., Balheary, Swords, Co. DublinDOHERTY, Denis, Mid-Western Health Board, 31133 Catherine Street, Limerick

*DOHERTY, James, FIMgt., B.A., B.Comm., 32 Barons Court, Derry BT48 7RH, Northern IrelandDOLAN, Ciaran M., M.Agr.Sc. (Econ), MBA, 28 Beechwood, Castletroy, LimerickDONNELLY, J., 21 Ailesbury Road, Dublin 4DOUGLAS, D.J.A., B.A., M.A., M.C.I.P., Professor and Director, University School of Rural Planning and

Development, University of Guelph, Ontario NIG 2W1, CanadaDOWNES, Margaret, B.Comm., F.C.A., LL.D., Coopers & Lybrand House, George’s Quay, Dublin 2DOYLE, Mary, 4 Glenayr Road, Rathgar, Dublin 6DOYLE, Maurice F., B.A., B.L., 9 Whitebeam Road, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14DOYLE, Fr. Robert, OFM, B.A., B.Ph., S.T.L., H.D.E., Franciscan College, Gormanston, Co. MeathDUECKELMANN-DUBLANY, Gerd, Austrian Embassy, Commercial Office, Merrion Hall, Strand Road,

Sandymount Dublin 4DURKAN, Joseph, M.A., Dept. of Political Economy, University College Belfield, Dublin 4

FANNING, Connell, Department of Economics, University College, CorkFARLEY, Noel, Department of Economics, Bryn Mawr College, PA 19010, U.S.A.FERRIS, Thomas P., B.A., M.A., 12 Anglesea Avenue, Blackrock, Co. DublinFINAN, Mary, Managing Director, Wilson Hartnell Public Relations Ltd, 14 Leeson Park, Dublin 6FITZGERALD, Garret, 30 Pahnerstown Road, Dublin 6FITZGERALD, Dr Michael, Ballyfermot Child & Family Centre, Ballyfermot, Dublin 10FITZGERALD, Patrick C., B.A., 23 0 Donoghue Avenue, Janesboro, LimerickFITZPATRICK, Jim, B.Soc.Sc., M.A., Ph.D., Fitzpatrick Associates, 10 Lad Lane, D. 2FLANAGAN, P.W., 18 Glasnevin Park, Dublin 11

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*GIBSON, N.J., B.Sc.(Econ.), Ph.D., Pro-Vice-Chancellor, The University of Ulster, University House,Cromore Road, Co. Derry BT52 1SA, N. Ireland

*GILLMAN, C.J., M.Sc., 39 Friarsland Road, Dublin 14GOGAN, Rev. Brian, C.S.Sp., Ph.D., 169 Booterstown Avenue, Co. DublinGOGGIN, Lt. Col. Colman, Officers’ Mess, McKee Barracks, Dublin 7GUDGIN, Graham, Director, Northern Ireland Economic Research Centre, 48 University Rd,

Belfast BT7 1NJ.

HAASE, Trutz, 17 Templeogue Road, Terenure, Dublin 6W*HALL, Patrick A., B.E., M.S., Dip.Stat., Director of Research, Institute of Public Administration, 59-61

Lansdowne Rd, Dublin 4HANNAN, Eamonn A., A.C.P.A., A.I.C.A., A.C.C.S., D.L.S., Chief Executive Officer, Western Health

Board, Merlin Park, GalwayHANNAWAY, Terry, Bank of Ireland, Corporate Services, Lower Baggot Street, Dublin 2HARFORD, Joseph, Chief Executive, Yamanouchi Ireland Co. Limited, Damastown, Mulhuddart,

Dublin 15HEALY, Dr Sean J., M.A., Ph.D., Dartry House, Orwell Pk., Dublin 6HURLEY, John, Secretary, Public Service Management Development, Department of Finance, Dublin 2HYNES, Patrick, 21 Moreen Road, Sandyford, Dublin 16

KANE, Alfie, Chief Executive, Telecom Eireann, St Stephen’s Green West, Dublin 2*KAVANAGH, The Most Rev. James, Bishop of Zerta, 181 Swords Road, Dublin 9KEANE, M.A., M.Econ.Sc., B.Comm., 6 Manor Green, Highfield Manor, Rathfarnham, Dublin 16*KEEGAN, Michael F., B.A., B.Comm., D.P.A., F.I.P.M., Corrib, Carysfort Avenue, Blackrock, Co. DublinKEHOE, Patrick, B.Comm, D.P.A., M.B.A., B.L., Ph.D., Kehoe & Associates, 139 Lower Baggot St,

Dublin 2KELLY, Kevin J., Group General Manager - AIB Bank, AIB Group plc, Bankcentre, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4KELLY, P.G., M.A., A.C.A., 47 Sandford Road, Dublin 6KENNEDY, Finola, M.A., Ph.D., 12 Richelieu Park, Sydney Parade Avenue, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4*KENNY, Ivor, K.C.S.G., M.A., LL.D., C.B.I.M., L.F.Mgt.I., University College, Woodview, Dublin 4KENNY, Penelope, Bank of Ireland Finance, 6 Burlington Road, Dublin 4

LEONARD, Luke, 46 Whitebeam Road, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14*LESER, C.E.V., School of Economic Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, EnglandLEYDON, Kevin, M.A., Clos du Val de Bois 6, 1950 Kraainem, Belgium*LYNCH, Patrick, M.A., M.R.I.A., 79 Wellington Road, Dublin 4

McCARTHY, Eugene, M.Econ.Sc., D.Econ.Sc., 4 Ailesbury Park, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4McCARTHY, John P., A.B., M.A., M.Sc.(Econ.), Waterford Regional Technical College, Cork Road,

Waterford*McCARTHY, P.J., B.A., 6 Inchvale Avenue, Douglas West, Co. CorkMcCORMACK,- Sr Teresa, CMRS, Milltown Park, Dublin 6McCUMISKEY, E.F., Secretary, Department of Social Welfare, Aras Mhic Dhiarmada, Dublin 1McEVOY, P.J., B.Comm., D.P.A., 4 Villa Park Road, Navan Road, Dublin 7MATTHEWS, Alan, Department of Economics, Trinity College, Dublin 2MEAD-FOX, David C., 5 Pine Crest Road, Newton Centre, MA 02159, U.S.A.MEAGHER, Michael J., Director, Bank of Ireland International Finance, IFSC, Dublin 1MENNELL, Stephen, Department of Sociology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4MOORE, William, General Manager, - Retail Banking, Agricultural Credit Corporation, ACC House,

Upper Hatch Street, Dublin 2MORAN, Joseph, Chief Executive, Electricity Supply Board, Lower Fitzwilliam Street, Dublin 2*MULDOWNEY, S.J., F.C.A., 13 Fortfield Drive, Terenure, Dublin 6MULLARKEY, Patrick, Secretary, Department of Finance, Dublin 2MURPHY, Denis, B.Comm., M.B.A., F.C.A., A.C.M.A., Avondhu, Navigation Road, Mallow, Co. CorkMURPHY, Donal, Director General, Central Statistics Office, Ardee Road, Dublin 6

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MURPHY, Michael J., M.B.A., B.Comm., D.P.A., Home Trade Director, Irish Distillers Ltd., Smithfield,Dublin 7

*MURRAY, C.H., LL.D., 6 Washington Park, Dublin 14MURRAY, Kevin, Bank of Ireland, Area Marketing Department, 2 College Green, Dublin 2

*NAGLE, J.C., M.Econ.Sc., 9 Winton Avenue, Rathgar, Dublin 6*NEVIN, Donal, 8 Taney Crescent, Dundrum, Dublin 14*NEVIN, Monica, B.A., Ph.D., Hunter’s Moon, Sydenham Villas, Dundrum, Dublin 14*NOLAN, Rev. J.R.M., M.A., D.D., M.A.(Cantab.), Department of Logic and Psychology, University

College, Belfield, Dublin 4NUNAN, Donald, M.Econ.Sc., College Lecturer, Lisieux, Cork Road, Mallow, Co Cork

O’BRIEN, Patrick E., 5 The Avenue, Broadale, Maryborough Hill, Douglas, Cork(3 CAOLLAI, M., 39 Bothar Barton Thoir, Baile Atha Cliath 14(3 CEARBHAILL, Diarmuid, M.A., B.Comm., H.D.E., Department of Economics, University College,

Galway*(3 CEARBHAILL, T., "Tinode", 113 Roebuck Road, Dublin 14*(3 COFAIGH, Tomas F., 114 Landscape Park, Churchtown, Dublin 14O’CONNELL, Maurice, Governor, Central Bank of Ireland, Dame Street, Dublin 2O’CONNOR, Joyce, B.Soc.Sc., M.Soc.Sc., Ph.D., President, National College of Industrial Relations,

Sandford Road, Dublin 6O’CONNOR, Marie, Partner, Craig Gardner/Price Waterhouse, Gardner House, Wilton Place, Dublin 2*O’DOHERTY, Rev. E. F., M.A., Ph.D., Apt. 5, Donnybrook Green, Dublin 4O’DONOGHUE, Brendan, Carrowtrasna, Greencastle, Co. DonegalO’DWYER, J., Secretary, Department of Health, Hawkins House, Dublin 2*O FIONNGHALAIGH, I., 55 Callary Road, Mount Merrion, Co. DublinO’GRADY, Maurice, M.Sc.(Mgmt.), Director General, Irish Management Institute, Sandyford Road,

Dublin 16O’HAGAN, John W., B.E., B.A., M.A., Ph.D., S.F.T.C.D., Department of Economics, Trinity College,

DublinO’LEARY, Jim, Davy Stockbrokers, 49 Dawson Street, Dublin 2*O NUALLAIN, Labhras, D.Econ.Sc., "Kilclooney", Pollnaroome West, Salthill, GalwayO NUALLAIN, Ruairi, M.A., Dip.Stat., 18 Hermitage Lawn, Rathfarnham, Dublin 16O’REGAN, Liam, B.A., B.Cormn., Ard Ailean, Abbeystrewery, Skibbereen, Co. CorkO’REILLY, Patrick, Chief Executive, EBS Building Society, 30 Westmoreland Street, Dublin 2O’RIORDAN, Manus, Research Department, SIPTU, Liberty Hall, Dublin 1O’SULLIVAN, John C., 58 Cherrygarth, Mount Merrion, Co. DublinOSTER, Dr Georg, Federal German Office for Foreign Trade Information, Elsinore House, 77 Fulham

Palace Road,London W6 8JA

PRASIFKA, William, 10 Wilfield Road, Dublin 4

QUIGLEY CB, Sir W.G.H., Chairman, Ulster Bank Limited, 47 Donegall Place, Belfast BT1 5AUQUINN, Gerard, 38 Stillorgan Grove, Blackrock, Co. DublinQUINN, Michael P., ACIS, MMII, 109 Rock Street, Tralee Co Kerry

REDMOND, David, Nexus Research Cooperative, 9 North Frederick Street, Dublin 1ROWAN, Patrick D., B.A., M.A., Partner, McKeever Rowan, Solicitors, 34 Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin 2*RUSSELL, G.E., Derravoher, North Circular Road, Limerick*RYAN, W.J.L., Ph.D., 2 Kilgobbin Lawn, Sandyford, Co Dublin

SCHIERBEEK, Roelof, Chairman, Northern Ireland Economic Research CentreSHEEHAN, John, Sony Music, Unit 2, Carriglea Industrial Estate, Bluebell, Dublin 12SHEEHY, Noel, Department of Psychology, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Northern IrelandSHIMIZU, Yoshifumi, Professor of Sociology, St. Andrew’s University (Japan), 1-1 Manabino, Izumi,

Osaka 590-02, Japan*SMITH, Cornelius F., "Modeshill", 34 Stillorgan Grove, Blackrock, Co.Dublin

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*SMITH, Louis P.F., D.Econ.Sc., Ph.D., 22 The Elms, Stillorgan Road, Dublin 4SOMERS, Michael J., Chief Executive, National Treasury Management Agency, Dublin 2*SPENCER, John E., B.Sc.(Econ.), Department of Economics, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast

BT7 1NN, N. IrelandSTORM, Colin, Managing Director, Guinness Ireland Ltd, St James’s Gate, Dublin 8STRONG, Nick, M.A., F.C.A., 43 The Village, Newbridge, Co KildareSWEENEY, Fr. John, S.J., Centrum voor Economie en Ethiek, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

*TONER, Thomas C., B.Comm., M.B.A., Chairman, Arnotts plc., 12 Henry St., Dublin 1TONER, William, Jesuit Centre for Faith & Justice, 26 Upper Sherrard St., Dublin 1

WALSH, T.K., B. Comm., M.Econ.Sc., F.C.A., 219 Templeogue Road, Dublin 6*WHITAKER, T.K., M.Sc.(Econ.), D.Econ.Sc., LL.D., 148 Stillorgan Road, Dublin 4WHITE, Padraic A., B.Comm., D.P.A., Chairman, Northside Partnership Limited.WINBERRY, Dr John J., Dept. of Geography, University of South Carolina, U.S.A.WRIGHT, Gerard A., B.Comm., M.Econ.Sc., C.Dip.A.F., Ph.D., 5 Hillside Park, Rathfarnham, Dublin 16

*Life Member

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THE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

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