Annual Report 2012

AnnuAl RepoRt 2012 • 1

AnnuAl RepoRt

2 • AnnuAl RepoRt 2012

Women cross-border traders on the Congo-Burundi border© Kristof Titeca

AnnuAl RepoRt 2012 • 3AnnuAl RepoRt 2012 • 3

Partners in the South

28People @ IOB

34Financialoverview

32Publications

38

Research and service delivery

6PhDtraining

12Master Programmess

Introduction

164

IntRo-DuCtIon


Children on their way to school, Nyabibwe, South Kivu (DR Congo)© Klara Claessens

Dear Reader,

Twelve years ago, the University of Antwerp decided to pool its previously scattered expertise in development studies. The Institute of Development Policy and Manage-ment (IOB) was subsequently founded and, thanks to the work of the previous management teams chairing IOB, it became an internationally recognised centre of reflection, “considering the best European development studies institutes as a reference”, as our mission statement has it. Twelve years later, a benchmark study of research output by the Netherlands Research School for Resource Studies for Development (CERES) ranked IOB among the best of the surveyed European development institutes.

We are of course proud of this recognition and the path we have taken up to now. Even if it involves acknowl-edging that no one indicator could possibly capture the variety of qualities inherent in different development institutes. It is up to us to continue reflecting on ways to carve out our own niche and how it can evolve within the existing and evolving landscape of development insti-tutes. Being a “big small” institute and doing our level best imply a clear understanding both of what to focus on in-house and how to team up with partners in the wider international developscape. In 2012, we appointed a Scientific Advisory Board with external experts to help us look at ourselves from an inspiring distance.

Further along, 2012 was not unlike 2011 and the years before that. A batch of Master students returned home with their heads full of new experiences and a degree in their briefcases. We also welcomed a new batch of students in our Master programmes, and again, the new group looks at least as promising as last year’s. In the meantime, research and community service activities have continued, as testified by the increasing trends in external finance, PhD students and publications. We also continued our in-vestments in long-term institutional partnerships and even sharpened the focus of our academic activities on a limited set of partners in the South, with the help of, among others, the Flemish Interuniversity Council.

There is a lot of work on the shelf for the near future. We signed a new agreement with the Flemish govern-ment for another 5-year period starting in 2012, which guarantees important core funding. In response to an independent research audit, we also improved the institu-tional structure of our research activities and defined new vacancies to gradually replace the first generation of IOB senior staff. One of the major challenges for the years to come will be to make the new staff members feel at home and coordinate agendas with existing staff members while at the same time enriching the network of contacts IOB maintains with other faculties within the University of Antwerp and well beyond.

Happy reading!

IntRo-DuCtIon



ReseARCh AnD seRvICe DelIveRy

Florent Bédécarrats (CERISE-network) at the Conference ‘Microfinance and the New Left in Latin America’


As a result of both internal reflection and the recommendations of two external assessments, IOB reviewed its entire research architecture in 2012. While the merits of the Thematic Groups in operation since 2005 were undeniable in terms of streamlining research agendas and improving both quality and quantity of output, certain drawbacks were nonetheless revealed. They indeed tended to compartmentalise research and increasingly led to four “mini IOBs”. The subsequent risk was enhancing competition at the expense of co-operation. The Thematic Groups also impeded the development of an overall IOB brand.

While individual levels of research are important, it is only at the level of the Institute that we can (i) define and enforce standards of research quality, (ii) cultivate the critical mass necessary to achieve interaction between different methods, disciplines and approaches, and (iii) generate and reproduce a visible external identity. The new research design aims to achieve this by, on the one hand, profiling IOB as one research group and, on the other, identifying flexible research lines with overlapping memberships.

The IOB-wide research group functions under the name “Development Processes, Actors and Policies”, with the following defining features:

• Development as a multi-level and multi-actor process: Development is a patchy process, pushed and pulled in different directions and unfolding in different time scales. As it is both a multi-level and a multi-actor process, IOB cultivates four different platforms to discuss and present research activities. They zoom in on different levels (local, national, international) and, at the international level, on public and private actors.

• Multi-disciplinary & multi-method development studies: IOB cultivates multi-disciplinary work and mixed methods to gain a sufficiently accurate perspective on realities fraught with acute scarcity of reliable data, on the one hand, and the urge to act on the other.

• Contextual depth yet broader relevance: Both historical contingency and conscious investment in the past have contributed to building up a unique knowledge base on the Great Lakes Region of Africa. This region has much to learn from wider debates in development studies. Conversely, gaining contextual depth is one of the empirical strategies our institute has cultivated to engage in broader theoretical debates on development processes, actors and policies.

Conditional Finance for Development (CFD)This research line focuses on low-income countries (LICs) with a relatively high degree of dependence on international not-for-profit finance. Such financial transactions mostly fall under the heading of development cooperation, while more and more they are also motivated by climate change considerations. As such, they are often characterised by a plethora of international actors who, without much mutual coordination, impose burdensome provisions regarding earmarking, implementation, accountability and other conditions relating to broader public sector, macroeconomic or political reform. CFD studies the rationale and the effectiveness of this complex

ReseARCh AnD seRvICe DelIveRy

Interview in South Kivu, DR Congo

and evolving financial architecture. It introduces, in line with recent international evolutions, new topics (such as climate funding), new actors (the BRICS as emerging donors) and new cooperation modalities (South-South cooperation). CFD’s research concentrates on the question as to how and to what extent national processes can be influenced by international actors. It does not measure the impact of these actors and their funding on national development outcomes, but rather aims to study causalities on the input side of the aid chain (relation funding, collective action, conditions, policy changes).


International Markets for the Poor (IMP)This research line concentrates on (mainly) private international actor decisions that determine the dynamics of international markets for goods, services, finance and labour. It is founded on the observation that, alongside public interventions and the provision of international public funds, these international private market dynamics have a major influence on national development. IMP studies to what extent globalised (and increasingly fragmented) production and financing chains and processes provide opportunities for less developed countries and their more vulnerable income groups. In this context, IMP focuses on the efficiency and equity consequences for these countries and income groups. Not only intrinsic market dynamics matter but also such things as the structure of protection faced by developing countries, their own existing trade policies, membership of preferential trade-agreements, trade reforms, international financial governance mechanisms, food policies in rich and emerging countries and (environmental) product standards. Research on migration concentrates on the analysis of human mobility as a coping or shock-mitigating mechanism (e.g. through remittances).

Local Institutions for/in Development (LID)This research line can broadly be described as local actor-oriented analysis with an emphasis on poverty. It focuses on the interactions between human agency and the institutional environment. The evolving institutional environment relates to ‘patterns of interaction’ (households, informal social networks, clubs and organisations, value chains actor networks, water management groups, etc.), the ‘rules of the game’ (state contract and property law, non-state law, social norms, gender principles, ad hoc agreements and rules, etc.) and the ‘ways in which human beings perceive and enact rules and patterns of interaction’ (role of social identities and (sub)cultures: i.e. socially produced perceptions, cognition and motivation, etc.). LID is applied in the context of complementary and often articulated themes: microfinance and institutional transformation; local co-production of state and public services; institutional innovation for environmental and climate change governance (Payments for Environmental Services, Green Microfinance, gender change); access to and governance of land; gender relationships; migration and trans-local livelihoods, commodity markets and value chains; micro-analysis of conflict.

Round table Bolivia (Conference Microfinance and the New Left in Latin America): M. Zabalaga (President Central Bank), C. Velasco (founder of Pro-Mujer), M. Labie (CERMI-Brussels) and Gustavo Birbuet (consultant, MFI Crecer)


On 12-13 November 2012, IOB organised an international conference on the relationships between the microfinance community and the many ‘New Left’ governments that have come to power in Latin America over the past few decades. Despite an apparently shared agenda of poverty reduction and empowerment, these relations have often been strained and even - as in the case of Nicaragua - outright hostile, leading to a severe crisis in the wake of an orchestrated po-litical attack on ‘neoliberal’ microfinance. Hostility against microfinance is also fuelled by critical academic attacks on commercialised microfinance, suffering from ‘severe mis-sion drift’ due to its incorporation and subordination to fi-nancial liberalisation policies and its alleged detrimental social impact on the poor. Closer inspection not only reveals a diversity of policies on the side of both governments and microfinance institutions, and thus a differentiated reality of microfinance-to-New Left relationships, but also an urgent need for conceptual clarification of the issues at stake.

The conference demonstrated that ‘microfinance’ is a varie-gated reality and that its ultimate meaning and impact de-pend on the broader political project of which it is a part. The typical Manichean approach of both proponents and critics to demonise either ‘neoliberal microfinance’ or ‘authoritari-an-clientelistic leftist governments’ is clearly inappropriate. The conference also highlighted the need to go beyond ‘mi-crofinance narcissism’, i.e. the dominant tendency to focus on financial matters only. With development in mind, micro-finance should actively look to forge partnerships with oth-

er service providers, client organisations and government development policies while also fostering much needed po-litical support for a more inclusive and democratic economic development.

This conference was organised in collaboration with the Lat-in American Forum of Rural Finance (ForoLacFR), represent-ing 440 microfinance institutions from 15 countries (6 million clients in total), the European Centre for Microfinance Re-search (CERMI) and the French knowledge exchange net-work for microfinance practitioners (CERISE). The confer-ence was supported by the Flemish Interuniversity Council, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique and Fondation Gabriël Peri (France). (Johan Bastiaensen)

InTeRnATIOnAL COnFeRenCe

’MICROFInAnCe AnD The new LeFT In LATIn AMeRICA’

State, economy and Society (SeS)This research line focuses on the national level. For it is at the level of the state that many crucial collective action decisions are taken that have a major impact on both the economy and society. Attention is paid not only to state institutions as such but to the whole spectrum of formal and informal actors in the ‘field of power’ around state institutions. Topics for research include mechanisms of political and administrative accountability, decentralisation and governance of public services and the embeddedness of fiscal policies. Special emphasis will be given to the dynamics of statehood in connection with the cycle of conflict, peace and efforts of state reconstruction.

Johan Bastiaensen at the international conference “Microfinance and the New Left in Latin America”

On June 29-30 2012, IOB organised a well-attended interna-tional conference on “Rwanda from below”.While research on Rwanda has in the past often adopted a macro approach, increasing numbers of (predominantly younger) scholars have studied the country from a grassroots, bottom-up perspective. This research is very demanding and often takes place in a dangerous, difficult and destabilising en-vironment, but it has yielded important new insights into local dynamics of power. However, much of this research is scat-tered, and this conference aimed at bringing some of these ef-forts together. It addressed both methodological and ethical questions on how to conduct research in these environments and substantive findings on issues of justice, service delivery, ethnicity, land, and poverty in post-genocide Rwanda.

InTeRnATIOnAL COnFeRenCe

‘RwAnDA FROM BeLOw’

The following scholars and civil society leaders acted as pre-senters or discussants: M. Verpoorten (Antwerp), A. Ansoms (Louvain), J. Murison (Antwerp), F. Golooba-Mutebi (Man-chester), C. Vidal (Paris), L. Waldorf (York), L. Begley (Sussex), S. Thomson (Colgate), C. Newbury (Smith), B. Ingelaere (Ant-werp), A. Purdekova (Oxford), J. Burnet (Louisville), P. Uvin (Tufts), S. Vandeginste (Antwerp), P. Clark (London), T. Longman (Boston), I. Mukankubito (Rwanda), J.B. Bizimana (Rwanda), and J. Pottier (London). F. Reyntjens (Antwerp) was the convenor.

Some eighty participants from over a dozen countries attend-ed lively and illuminating exchanges. The conference papers will be published in 2013 in a special issue of a development studies journal. (Filip Reyntjens)


SES also provides the appropriate vehicle to embed an ‘area-specific’ focus on state (re-)construction in the Great Lakes Region in a wider literature, both allowing the engagement in this literature from the empirical vantage point of the region and informing ongoing research activities with the broader literature on governance, public action and accountability.

Over the years, IOB has built up internationally recognised expertise on the African Great Lakes Region (GLR). As such, the Centre for the Study of the African Great Lakes Region has become an important asset. Founded in early

1994, it is older and generally better known than IOB internationally. IOB’s aim is to maintain and cultivate this expertise while extending the focus beyond this geographical area and embedding it within broader comparative and theoretical debates. The GLR remains a major transversal focus, reflected in the activities of all four research lines, and the Centre continues to be an external communication vehicle for research and other activities in this area. IOB adopts a narrow definition of the GLR, i.e. DR Congo, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. However, other countries are included if cross-border dynamics warrant it.

Filip Reyntjens, Stef Vandeginste and Bert Ingelaere at the “Rwanda from below” conference.


The O*Platforms (O standing for “Onderzoek” or Research) enable a unique form of collaboration between Flemish academics and the federal govern-ment’s Directorate General of Development Coopera-tion (DGD). DGD is entitled to draw on the services of the members of the O*Platform team for academic in-put in the contexts of new strategies they are design-ing, participation in field missions for the provision of training and conducting policy-related research. For the academics involved, the four year financing struc-ture allows them to attract researchers for a longer period of time and enhance their capacities while tackling lengthier research projects.

In 2012 the O*Platform on Aid Effectiveness carried out by IOB was used by DGD to provide input, among others, for i) a new strategy note for development cooperation with middle income countries, ii) the Belgian strategy for disaster response preparedness, and iii) the Non Governmental Actors co-funding re-form. Presentations were given at the attaché days on political conditionalities and cooperation with middle-income countries and at the Stakeholders Meeting of the Belgian Development Cooperation on policy coherence for development. Furthermore, a field mission to Uganda also offered an opportunity for the analysis of monitoring and evaluation systems in the education sector, in the context of a long-term research effort on monitoring and evaluation systems at sector level.

The O*Platform also sends out a regular newsletter called the “Friday Update”, which features the latest and most important blogs, reports, academic publi-cations and news related to development coopera-tion in general as well as aid effectiveness more spe-cifically. This newsletter aims to keep readers up to date with the latest developments and stimulate in-formed debate. It boasts a wide distribution among professionals working in the field of development cooperation in Belgium as well as IOB’s international alumni. In 2012 a total of 38 Friday Updates were cir-culated. (Karel Verbeke)

IOB’S O*PLATFORM On AID eFFeCTIveneSS

IOB has continued its policy with regard to service delivery, under the forms of interuniversity co-operation with institutions in Burundi, the DR Congo, Nicaragua and Uganda; policy-supporting research for aid agencies, international organisations and NGOs; and dissemination initiatives at home. Consultancy work is undertaken only if it complements or reinforces the Institute’s research agenda or its partner programmes but not merely as a means to secure income. Nevertheless, external and contract finance has considerably increased over the years. It stood at over € 1.5 million in 2012 of which 70 % was related to programmes with partner institutions. Over 40 % of that amount was spent on research activities.

Research output in 2012 as compared to the previous years is shown in the figure 1 (a full list of publications can be found at the end of this report). As a result of the research and publication strategy developed in recent years, there is a slight decrease in the overall number of publications but a robust increase in the quality of output. Whereas in 2006, 33% of IOB-papers appeared in peer-reviewed publications, this percentage increased to 52% in 2012.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

FIGuRe 1: IoB-puBlIcAtIons 2005-2012 *

A-papersB-papers Other papers

Other peer-reviewed papers

* Data as available in February 2013. Source: Academic bibliography University of Antwerp.


phD tRAInIng

Sara Geenen doing field work on gold trade in DR Congo


phD tRAInIng

Since 2010, IOB has been part of the Antwerp Doctoral School offering a multi-disciplinary PhD programme related to the IOB research agenda and leading to a PhD in Development Studies. This programme is gradually reaching cruising speed. At present, twenty-two students are preparing their PhD, including six junior IOB researchers. Ten new students were admitted and there were no drop-outs during 2012. The PhD programme has a strong and diversified international outreach with students from Belgium (10), Democratic Republic of Congo (3), Nicaragua (2), Australia, Cameroon, Italy, Germany, The Netherlands, Uganda and Vietnam (1).

IOB continues to build its own PhD training programme. It now offers six doctoral courses related to its thematic research lines. An annual PhD research day, where PhD work in progress is presented and discussed with staff and other students, was inaugurated in September 2012. Additional training initiatives were also organised, among which a seminar on the practical and ethical challenges of ‘doing fieldwork’ and introductory courses on the use of Endnote and Nvivo. IOB also adopted an adjusted competence-based framework for its doctoral programme, as part of a more general reform initiated by the Antwerp Doctoral School with the intention to strengthen the post-PhD competitiveness of our graduates in development-related professional domains.

After the first phD Development studies had been defended in 2011, two more doctoral students concluded their phD project in 2012:

• René Mendoza (Bolivia), Gatekeeping and the struggle over development in the Nicaraguan Segovias. Supervisor: Johan Bastiaensen (IOB) and Peter Marchetti (Universidad Rafael Landivar-Guatemala) (see p. 29).

• Bert Ingelaere (Belgium), Peasants, Power and the Past. The Gacaca Courts and Rwanda’s Transition From Below. Supervisor: Filip Reyntjens (IOB) (see below).

Recently, so-called ‘traditional’ or ‘home-grown’ mecha-nisms are increasingly being adapted and used to deal with the legacies of violence and to foster reconciliation. The Rwandan gacaca court system is probably most known in this recent trend. The gacaca process dealt with 1 958 634 cases between its nationwide introduction in 2005 and its of-ficial closure in June 2012. Nevertheless, despite much writ-ing on the Rwandan genocide and Rwanda’s regime change, the experience of transition by the general population re-mains largely unexplored. Therefore, this PhD project adopt-ed a bottom-up perspective on transition and modernised gacaca practice. This study’s objective was to establish a comprehensive em-pirical record of the gacaca practice in its modernised form and, through the analysis of this empirical material, to pro-vide new avenues of investigation and reflection in the fields of transitional justice, political transition, international rela-

PeASAnTS, POweR AnD The PAST: The GACACA COuRTS AnD RwAnDA’S TRAnSITIOn FROM BeLOw

tions and peace-building. Numerous ethnographic encoun-ters inform the analysis as well as 1571 recorded interviews with 1359 (rural) Rwandans and 1917 recorded observations of gacaca proceedings that dealt with allegations lodged against 2573 individuals. This study is based on over 30 months of fieldwork in rural Rwanda spread over 8 years.The findings suggest that the introduction of the court sys-tem created discord and anxiety among the population. The notion of truth takes centre stage in the analysis since it emerged as primordial in the empirical analysis of the design and practice of the court system as well as in the experience of the Rwandans practising gacaca. The study concludes that the gacaca practice was as much characterised by pow-er dynamics as it was a facilitator of processes of justice and reconciliation in the aftermath of the genocide. These power dynamics simultaneously emerged from below while oper-ating from above. They infused the gacaca with a Machia-vellian virtù: what is just or good is what has the preferred consequences in the given circumstances. (Filip Reyntjens)

Bert Ingelaere doing field work in Rwanda


Besides its own PhD programme, IOB has also continued to cooperate with the Faculty of Applied Economic Sciences (FAES) and the Faculty of Political and Social Sciences (FPSC) at the University of Antwerp to offer disciplinary PhD programmes in the field of development. At the end of 2012, ten students were active in the FAES PhD programme, three of them junior researchers from IOB. One new student was admitted while one abandoned the programme in 2012. The students come from Belgium (3), Argentina, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Mali, Nicaragua, Senegal and The Philippines (1).

During 2012, two students successfully concluded their phD under these programmes:

• Andrew Ainomugisha (uganda), The Place of Tradition-Based Approaches in Transitional Justice for Northern Uganda. Supervisor: Filip Reyntjens (IOB-FPSC).

• Florencia Granato (Argentina), Location of economic activities within countries. The case of Argentina and MERCOSUR members. Supervisor: Germán Calfat (IOB-FAES).

Figure 2 summarises the recent evolution of PhDs at IOB. Given the start of the IOB PhD programme in 2010, most of the PhDs concluded during the period 2008-2012 were defended at the sister faculties FAES and FPSC (10) of the University of Antwerp. Two were presented at the faculties

PhDs in progress

Conclu

ded PhDs 2008-12

IOBjoint PhD IOBFAES/FPSCother UAnon-UA

1810 3

102

5

4

FIGuRe 2. concluDeD phDs 2008-12 (InneR cIRcle) AnD phDs In pRoGRess (outeR cIRcle)

onGoInG phD-pRojects In 2012

BAMANYAKI Patricia

Citizen-led Gender Budget Initiatives in Local Governments: A Quasi-Experimental Impact Study focusing on the Health Sector of Kabale District, Uganda

BENEDICTIS Geovanna

Essays on the Impact of Globalization on People: Remoteness and Migration Studies

BURIHABWA Ntagahoraho Zacharia

From Guerilla to Government. A Comparative Analysis of the Transformation from Rebel Movements to governing Political Parties in the African Great Lakes Region. The Case of the RPF in Rwanda and CNDD-FDD in Burundi.

CLAESSENS Klara

Access to Land and Social Conflict in South Kivu, DR Congo.

DELPUTTE Sarah

The EU as an Emerging Coordinator in Development Cooperation.

of Law and Arts. Five IOB staff members made their PhDs at other national and foreign universities. The structure of the current cohort of PhD students has drastically changed. IOB PhD students now make up a clear majority of PhDs in progress (22 out of a total of 32). PhDs at FAES and FPSC are maintained but have decreased in relative terms. PhDs at other UA faculties and other universities are no longer encouraged. However, cooperation with other national and international universities is stimulated under the joint and double PhD formula. Four IOB PhD students are currently engaged in such joint/double PhDs with KU Leuven, Université Catholique de Louvain and Ghent University.

ESSERS Dennis

Transmission and Impacts of the 2008-2009 Financial and Economic Crisis on Developing Countries : from Macro to Micro.

FAMORY Sinaba

Organic and Fair Trade Global Value Chains in Mali. Towards the New Forms of Small Producers Inclusion in Global Economy.

FLORES Selmira

Gender Analysis in the Dairy Value Chains in Nicaragua. Revealing Opportunities and Constraints for Success of Women Entrepreneurs.

GÁNAME María Cecilia

Economic Geography and Endogenous Trade Policy under Imperfect Competitive Markets.

GEENEN Sara

Local Actors, Global Interests in South Kivu, DR Congo.


GILDEMYN Marie

Monitoring and Evaluation under the New Aid Approach: the Role and Influence of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs).

HUYBRECHS Frédéric

Green Microfinance and Payments for Environmental Services: from Market-based Panaceas towards an integrated Approach to sustainable and inclusive Rural Development. Case-studies from Central America

INNOCENTI Demetrio

Climate Change and Extreme Events : the New century Development Concern. An Analysis of how Climate Change Adaptation Policies can influence Nations’ Economic Growth and Sustainable Development.

JACOBS Bert

African Regional Integration on Infrastructure Development.

KILOSHO Janvier

Economie politique des chaines de valeur de la cassitérite et du coltan au Sud-Kivu. Viabilité et soutenabilité des exploitations artisanales et à petite échelle.

MALUKISA NKUKU Albert

Décentralisation et fourniture des services publics de voirie urbaine dans le contexte d’un Etat négocié : cas du réseau routier des villes de Kinshasa et Lubumbashi.

MARIVOET Wim

Livelihoods, Poverty and Development in the DR Congo.

MBUNYA Francis Nkemnyi

Making the Environment Development Nexus: The case of the Tofala Hill Wildlife Sanctuary.

MEGERSA Kelbesa

The Global Financial Crisis. The Impacts on Developing Countries and the Policy Responses. Case Study on Ethiopia.

MERLET Pierre

Revisiting the Agrarian Question: Family Farming and Political Arenas around Land and Natural Resources in the Context of Climate Change and changing Global Food Chains. Evidence from Nicaragua.

MINH Tri Ha

An assessment of the Monitoring and Evaluation System used in the Implementation of the Social-Economic Development Plan (SEDP) in Vietnam. The case of Cam Lo district, Quang Tri province.

NDIAYE Seydina Aboubacar Sadikl

Impact de la libéralisation commerciale sur les ménages au Sénégal.

NLANDU Hervé

Décentralisation et développement du secteur éducatif en République Démocratique du Congo

POLVOROSA Juan Carlos

Contract Choice and Livelihood Strategies. The Opportunities and Constraints for Poor Rural Households’ Livelihoods in the Context of the Booming Dairy Chain in Matiguas.

SMETS Lodewijk

Institutional Reform and Conditionality in the new Aid Paradigm.

SMITH Sabrina Joy

The Politics of Legal Pluralism in South Kivu. A Case Study of the Banyamulenge Tutsis and the Babembe Communities in the DR Congo.

SOBREVINAS Alellie

International Remittances and Poverty Reduction in the Philippines: Evidence from the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) Data Base.

STOOP Nik

The Impact of Sexual Violence on Social Preferences and Post-Conflict Reconstruction: Evidence from DR Congo.

VAN AELST Katrien

The Interplay between Household Decision-making Processes, Gender Relations and Climate Change Adaptation Policy. A Quasi-Experimental Impact Study in the Morogoro Region in Tanzania.

WAGEMAKERS Inge

Understanding Local Governance in the Context of Rapid Urban Growth and Weak State Institutions. Three Cases of Local Governance in Kinshasa, DR Congo.

WAETERLOOS Evert

Developmental Local Government’ and Land Reform in South Africa. Brokering Restitution Beneficiaries’ Voice in Municipal Integrated Development Plans.

WINTERS Nanneke

Mobility, Family Life and Translocal Development in Nicaragua.


MAsteR pRogRAMMes

Master ofGovernance &Development

Governance forDevelopment

Theories of Development - Research Methods I and IIModule I

Module II

Module III

Module IV

Master ofGlobalisation &

Development

Globalisation &Development

Local Institutions &Poverty Reduction

Master of DevelopmentEvaluation & Management

Evaluating DevelopmentEffectiveness

From Violent Conflict to State

Reduction

National Institutions,Poverty Reduction

Strategies & Aid

TRACK 2 TRACK 2

TRACK 1

TRACK 1

TRACK 1

Dissertation


IoB offers three Advanced Master programmes, with a high degree of specialisation and a distinct focus :

• Master of Globalisation and Development • Master of Governance and Development • Master of Development Evaluation and Management

The programmes take 12 months, starting and ending in mid-September. After a common trunk of theories of development and research methods, the core of the programmes runs from January to May, and students choose from various tracks according to their personal interest and career path. Each of the tracks has the overall objective of training ‘better professionals’, providing them with effective tools with which to study, interpret and apply current scientific findings to specific development contexts and institutions.

In 2012 the IOB secretariat received 819 complete files from applicants, of which 338 (41.3%) were admitted to the 2012-2013 Master programmes. 57 students (17% of those admitted) actually registered: 23 for the Master in Development Evaluation and Management, 17 for Governance and Development and 17 for Globalisation and Development. Of these, 37 received a scholarship: 2 from the Belgian Technical Cooperation, 30 from the Flemish Interuniversity Council, 2 from the National Secretariat of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation of Ecuador, 1 from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Taiwan, 1 from the Ministry of Public Administration of Bangladesh and 1 from the Ministry of Science & Technology of Bangladesh. An additional 15 students re-enrolled, which brings the total for the 2012-2013 academic year to 72 students (32 in the Master in Development Evaluation and Management, 22 in Governance and Development and 18 in Globalisation and Development).


Bulgaria 1

Burundi 1

Cameroon 1

DR Congo 1

Ghana 1

Guatemala 1

India 1

Indonesia 1

Ireland 1

Ivory Coast 1

Malawi 1

Mexico 1

Nicaragua 1

Rwanda 1

South Africa 1

Taiwan 1

Tanzania 1

The Netherlands 1

Brazil 2

Kenya 2

Palestine 2

Ecuador 3

Peru 3

Philippines 3

Zambia 3

Colombia 4

Bangladesh 5

Vietnam 5

Uganda 6

Belgium 7

Ethiopia 7

Our audience remains truly global with students originating from 31 countries.


FIGuRe 3 MAsteR stuDents’ DIploMAs

FIGuRe 4 MAsteR stuDents’ pRoFessIonAl expeRIence

Development and agriculture

Economics and management

Political sciences / social sciences / administration

Other

Community service

Government

International organisation

Labour organisation

Media

NGO

none

Private

Research institute

University

12,9 %

44,3 %

32,9 %

10,0 %

30,0 %

21,4 %

15,7 %11,4 %

10,0 %

4,3 %2,9 %

1,4 %

1,4 %1,4 %

Team building during kick-off weekend in Bruges

Besides comprising a wide diversity of nationalities, our classrooms also feature students with different disciplinary backgrounds (FIGURE 3) and from diverse working environments (FIGURE 4). In 2012, the Master programmes attracted students from government agencies (30%), international organisations (15.7%), non-governmental and labour organisations (14.2%) and research institutes and universities (24.3%). About 10% of our students are young graduates with a strong academic profile and an outspoken interest in starting a career in the aid and development sector. About 44% of our 2012 students hold a degree in political & social sciences, 32.9% have studied economics whereas another 10% have a background in agriculture and development studies. This mix triggers an exchange of insights grounded in different theoretical and methodological frameworks and neatly aligns with IOB’s multidisciplinary profile.


The ‘Bruges kick-off weekend’ was full of insights in terms of building our budding brotherhood. It was short, yet able to break our rigidity, not only among students but also between students and IOB staff. It was more like high school boot camp (without the cheerleader’s initiation, to be sure): fun and engaging! But on the other hand, it challenged our global knowledge as well! (It’s the splashy trivia!). It might have been a bit of a surprise to those who are mainly used to consuming rice as the meals pro-vided were entirely Belgian (light breakfast, cold lunch … such a new experience for the Asian stom-ach! ), but it wasn’t a big deal after all (we just had to pack more snacks A). One important thing I do remember, that moment was actually the first time we tried to remember all our friends’ unique names ranging from African to Vietnamese (such a tongue exercise!). My favourite part was obviously sight-seeing in the Bruges old town! I wish that weekend lasted more than two days and I wish it didn’t rain during the boat trip. But as we move further into the courses, I believe the Bruges experience will be one of those memorable moments of the Master pro-gramme. Thanks IOB! (Nurina Savitri, IOB-student 2012-13)

BRuGeS KICK-OFF weeKenD

A few key components of the Master programmes are their modular structure, their policy-oriented and research-driven character and their focus on student-oriented learning.

The three Master programmes have a similar structure, each consisting of four modules. The first introduces theories of development and familiarises the students with the various research methods. Modules II and III are highly interactive, research-driven packages while in module IV, students undertake a personal research project under the guidance of a supervisor. Modules are jointly offered by different staff members, leading to strong inter-module cooperation and a reduction of overlapping input from different lecturers. The diverse backgrounds of staff members within one module also trigger a multidisciplinary and multi-method approach.

The modular structure allows for the invitation of external guest lecturers who enrich the Master programmes with their specific expertise. In 2012, we benefitted from the input of Lee Pegler (Institute of Social Studies), Sam Wong (University of Liverpool), Art Dewulf (University of Wageningen), Huib Huyse (HIVA, KU Leuven), An Dewaele (South Research), Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan (EHESS Marseille and Lasdel Niamey), David Booth (Overseas Development Institute), Frances Cleaver (Bradford University), Devon Curtis (Cambridge University), Samuel Hickey (Manchester University), Peter van Bergeijk (Institute of Social Studies, the Hague) and Geof Wood (University of Bath). Some of these guest lectures were streamed live via the internet so that alumni could also benefit from the insights and discussions.

Guided tour in Bruges during kick-offweekend

every year in February, governance and Develop-ment students participate in a simulation game that offers an experience of the dynamics of poverty and inequality. the ‘Development Monopoly’ game gives an educative twist to the classic Monopoly© game, which reflects the basic idea of the ‘American Dream’: equal opportunities, equal salaries and win-ning is defined in monetary terms. In our game, stu-dents first brainstorm on how to make the rules of the game better reflect realities in developing coun-tries. next they play the game according to the mod-ified rules. After that they brainstorm again about how to make the rules more inclusive and pro-poor.

this simulation game triggered various emotions, as one ‘poor’ student said: ‘I was angry with my con-dition’. Another ‘poor’ student was so frustrated that ‘I started cheating and stealing money’. A ‘rich’ student on the other hand stated: ‘Being rich, I felt greedy and energised’. But the game also made some

LeARnInG ThROuGh PLAyInG

abstract concepts like agency, social mobility, elite capture, inequity and collective action more con-crete and tangible.

In April/May the governance and Development stu-dents, who choose the ‘governance and Conflict’ track, were involved in another simulation game which required them to take up the role of one of the actors in a particular conflict and come to a negoti-ated solution. In the wake of the media-hype around the Kony 2012 campaign, the theme was the lord’s Resistance Army and the atrocities it committed in north-eastern DR Congo. the students simulated a meeting in class which brought together ‘represent-atives’ from uganda, the DR Congo and the inter-national community to discuss peace and security issues. Firstly on a bilateral basis; in a second phase, as part of a round table. In the end, our students were able to put some concrete and useful sugges-tions on the table. (Sara Geenen)


Our Master programmes are all highly policy- oriented and research-driven. Training at IOB incorporates the latest social-scientific insights relevant to the development challenge. Students learn from each other’s experiences and from their exposure to living and working in a developed country.


In order to stimulate student-centred learning we use a mixture of teaching methods including lectures, individual and groups assignments, discussions, literature reviews, case study analysis as well as simulation games (see p. 21). In 2012 we also experimented with e-learning. Previous student evaluations had shown that IOB students have different levels of prior knowledge especially with regard to working with data and statistics. To mitigate this problem, students selected to study at IOB in 2012-13 were advised to follow an online course covering the basics of statistics. The online course consists of seven video fragments which show both the lecturer and their PowerPoint presentation as well as basic/advanced reading material, online exercises, a test-module, a forum for interaction with the students and lecturer and e-tutor sessions. The module was used as a formative test, designed to give students an indication as to whether they had sufficiently mastered the content of the course in order to begin the residential part of the course at IOB. The pre-course was evaluated positively and the students’ results with regard to the knowledge covered in the e-course were significantly higher than the year before.

In line with an emphasis on student-centred learning, we also put a lot of emphasis on the individual research project and Master dissertation. This process already begins from module II onwards where students write end-of-module papers under the guidance of a supervisor. Dissertations are presented and discussed in a three-day conference organised in mid-September. In 2012, three dissertations were selected for valorisation either as an IOB Discussion Paper or as contributions to scientific journals. During the graduation ceremony at Province House, three students were awarded a Development Cooperation Award from the Province of Antwerp for their excellent dissertation (see box).

In 2012 the province of Antwerp awarded its develop-ment cooperation awards to three students from the Master programmes.

Francine Iragi Mukotanyi (Master of governance and Development) from the DR Congo received an award for her dissertation on ‘Artisanal and small scale gold Mining in south Kivu’, supervised by professor Dr. Marijke verpoorten. using primary data collected dur-ing interviews in four different gold mines and a survey with 258 miners, Francine provides insights into the following questions: What motivates artisanal miners to enter the sector? What are the benefits, costs and challenges they face? And, what is the impact of one of these challenges, i.e. the increase of large-scale mining projects in the area? the findings of her disser-tation highlight that property rights and income distri-bution remain huge sources of uncertainty for artisanal miners. Despite these uncertainties, mining provides the only potential source of revenue to many artisanal miners, in part because several challenges such as war, land scarcity and poor infrastructure impede the development of alternative sources of income. Finally, the presence of large-scale mining may lead to inno-vation in the sector in the longer run, while it may well crowd out artisanal mining without creating enough alternative employment opportunities. this may have important repercussions for the economy in south

DeveLOPMenT COOPeRATIOn AwARDS

Development Cooperation Award Ceremony


Kivu, which is already characterised by rampant pover-ty and unemployment. In coping with these challenges, Francine proposes to operationalise zones for artisanal mining and to stimulate the development of cooperatives through which training and capital for artisanal miners can be channelled.

Asel Kadyrbaeva (Master of globalisation and Develop-ment) from Kyrgyzstan wrote a dissertation on ‘livelihood dynamics of female bazaar traders in Kyrgyzstan’, super-vised by Dr. griet steel. Based on a short period of field-work, Asel takes the reader into the fascinating world of the flamboyant Dordoi bazaar in the capital of Kyrgyzstan and makes an in-depth empirical analysis of the possibil-ities and limitations of bazaar trade for the livelihoods of female traders and their families. By putting an emphasis on the entrepreneurial capabilities of these traders, Asel argues against the marginalisation and victimisation of women in the informal economy. At the same time, by in-cluding emotional and social perspectives on livelihood ac-tivities, Asel illustrates the importance of multidimensional approaches to poverty analyses. As such, Asel’s dissertation makes a significant contribution to prominent debates on gender, informality and development.

glaister leslie (Master of Development evaluation and Management) from Jamaica wrote a dissertation entitled ‘Feeling for the Intangible. Donor’s Monitoring and eval-uation of Capacity Development Interventions’, super-vised by professor Dr. nathalie holvoet. the dissertation begins with an elucidation of the paradox that despite the huge amount of funds donors are channelling every year towards capacity building programmes, there is little ev-idence of progress. one challenge is that such interven-tions are particularly difficult to monitor and evaluate. As a result, donor agencies, despite all their efforts, do not have good guidelines to monitor interventions with a view to improving their performance. similarly, they are not learning the appropriate lessons from past interventions to improve the effectiveness of future interventions. to better understand the type of real-life challenges donors are facing, glaister undertook an internship at the Belgian technical Cooperation (BtC) in Brussels, the organisation that implements the capacity development projects on behalf of the Belgian federal government. In the disser-tation, glaister proposes a concrete M&e framework to

evaluate capacity building programmes that bring to-gether theoretically grounded elements and the prac-tical concerns donors - BtC in particular - are facing. As part of a desk study, glaister tested the framework via two BtC projects in Rwanda and in the palestinian territories.


IOB heavily invests in quality assurance throughout the full Master programme cycle. Day-to-day management is in hands of the director, who ensures consistency and standardisation between the three different Master programmes. Internal quality management is also guaranteed by a set of evaluation instruments including standardised written evaluations, focus group discussions and student workload registration. The student evaluations and feedback from 2012 generally point to a high workload with students being given a lot of work to do in the framework of just one year. However, they also expected this to be the case and strongly appreciate the content of the courses and the diversified teaching methods of the lecturers.

In 2012, IOB added another 50 names to the long list of IOB graduates. IOB increasingly realises that these graduates represent an important source of social capital and therefore initiated a three-month alumni pilot project in 2011. The positive evaluation of the pilot project has led to the part-time engagement of a staff member responsible for alumni, promotion and e-learning. IOB believes it is important to invest in sustaining relations not only between IOB and its alumni but also amongst alumni themselves. Networking among graduates from various professional settings in their countries of origin and beyond can contribute to brokering much-needed relationships among different sectors of the development arena (government, donors, civil society, academia, etc.). In 2012 various initiatives and activities were organised to facilitate those relations. In the beginning of 2012,

an online alumni platform was launched through which alumni can log in and update their personal information as well as find the contact details and profiles of over 800 registered alumni. Since then, 250 alumni have updated their profile. In addition, IOB alumni can also keep in touch through the IOB Facebook page and/or LinkedIn group and are updated on what goes on at IOB through a bi-monthly newsletter and the bi-annual alumni magazine Exchange to Change. Moreover, after the success of the meet and greet sessions, organised for the first time in 2011 in Rwanda, DR Congo, Burundi, Uganda, Ecuador, two more meet-and-greet sessions were held in Benin and Nigeria, allowing for informal meetings between IOB alumni and a visiting IOB professor. IOB is keen to stay informed about its alumni and their respective activities while divulging those contributions to other alumni and staff. To that end, a call for papers was launched and one alumnus was invited to come to Antwerp to present his work during the IOB Research Day. The presentation was streamed live via the website. Some 80 alumni from 27 different countries tuned in for the event.

IOB alumni are the best ambassadors of the Institute and play a significant role in promotion. In addition to informing friends and colleagues, in 2012 our alumni also represented IOB/University of Antwerp at the European Higher Education Fair in Jakarta (Indonesia), organised an information session at the Universidad Católica del Ecuador and set up an IOB stand at the conference of the African Evaluation Association (AfrEA) in Accra (Ghana).

Smiling faces after the graduation ceremony.


• Debating Development. A series of 8 lectures on the topic of “Develop-

ment 2.0: New Players, New Rules” was offered to all students of the University of Antwerp. The series, coordinated by Prof. Dr. Danny Cassimon, was co-financed by the Flemish Interuniversity Council and the University Foundation of Devel-opment Cooperation. 124 students, mainly from the Faculties of Political and Social Sciences and Applied Economics, followed the course.

• Introduction to Development Studies. Prof. Dr. M. Verpoorten taught the course at the

Faculties of Applied Economics and Political and Social Sciences.

• International Economics and International economic organisations.

This course in the Advanced Master programme in International Relations and Diplomacy was taught jointly by Prof. Dr. G. Calfat and Prof. Dr. Danny Cassimon.

• Sustainable Development: Economic Aspects, poverty and third World Issues.

Prof. Dr. J. Bastiaensen gave a guest lecture on Payment for Environmental Services within the framework of the course on ‘Sustainable Devel-opment’ at the Faculty of Biology (IMDO).

• 10dissertationsatotherfacultiesweresupervisedby IOB staff.

COnTRIBuTIOn TO TeAChInG In OTheR FACuLTy PROGRAMMeS AT The unIveRSITy OF AnTweRP

Other Teaching Activities


Kobehi Guillaume toutou Ivory coast•PlanningOfficeratUNICEFCoteD’Ivoire

•MasterofDevelopmentEvaluationandManagement 2005-06

Daniela cristina Argentina•LecturerintheUniversidadNacionaldeCórdoba

•MasterinDevelopmentEvaluationandManagement,2002-03

“A lifetime experience, full of challenges. Antwerp is a lovely city, and at IOB you meet brilliant people who end up being long-lasting friends living in every corner of the world.”

Wikus Kruger south Africa•SustainableEnergyConsultantRestioEnergy/

•MasterDevelopmentEvaluationandManagement 2011-12

“My experience at IOB? Fantastic! Probably Life-changing.”

Myranda lutempoZambia•CooperativeAgreementCoordinatorat

Ministry of Health, Zambia•MasterDevelopmentEvaluationandManagement2008-09

“IOB was a great learning tool for me, as I was exposed to more challenging experiences.”

1-9

10-19

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

70-79

80+

The IOB alumni community is currently spread all over the world.(Figures dating from 31 December 2012)

joseph Asunka usA (Ghana)•Researcher(PhDstudent), UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles

•IOBInternationalTrainingProgramme

“The experience and knowledge I gained at IOB has had a lasting impact on my academic research and career development”.


oscar edule switzerland (uganda)•FirstSecretaryatPermanentMissionofUganda totheUnitedNations

•MasterinGovernance&Development2006-07

joy Valerie lopez philippines•SeniorEconomicDevelopmentSpecialistatthe

National Economic and Development Authority

•MasterGlobalizationandDevelopment2010-11

“I learned a lot, not only knowledge but also people... And I gained friends from every corner of the world”.

eva palmans Madagascar (Belgium)•SeniorElectionsAdvisoratEuropeanCentrefor

Electoral Support

•MasterenGouvernanceetDéveloppement,2000-01

Imelda namagga uganda•SeniorProgrammeOfficer,UgandaDebtNetwork

•IOBInternationalTrainingProgramme

“ Studying at IOB was truly enriching and has enriched my knowledge, sharpened my skills and given me the exposure which has enabled to enhance my career. I learnt a lot from the professors, staff and my classmates who brought in various enriching experiences and diverse perspective. I also enjoyed the wonderfully rich life at Antwerp City.”

tanvir Mahmud Bangladesh•SpecialistImprovingDemocracythroughParliamentaryDevelopment(IPD),UNDPBangladesh

•MasterofGlobalizationandDevelopment,2009-10

“Beingpartofsuchavisionary&globalizedinstitute, I miss IOB’s vibrant, multicultural and welcoming environment.”

Gemma pinol puig Vanuatu (spain)•Researcher,TheWorldBank

•MasterDevelopmentEvaluationandManagement2007-2008


pARtneRs In the south

Nitlapan technicians during a field visit in Matiguás: promoting silvopastoral cattle farming.


Active and intense cooperation with academic and development partners in the South has been a long tradition at IOB, dating back from before it was even created. This cooperation takes places under a variety of forms and in several countries.

Long-term Institutional Partners in Dr Congo and nicaraguaThe longest form of cooperation takes place with the Université Catholique du Congo (UCC, Kinshasa) and the Universidad Centroamericana (UCA, Managua). These partnerships date back to the end of the 1980s when the University Foundation of Development Cooperation (USOS) invited the Centre for Development Studies (a precursor of IOB) to engage in a long-term partnership with selected universities. The partnerships were institutionalised in the form of Long-Term Institutional Cooperation agreements for which IOB provided seed money. Over the years, teaching missions, joint research projects and conferences, PhDs for Congolese, Nicaraguan

and Belgian students, study visits for IOB and UA students and staff exchanges have been organised.

In DR Congo, the partnership with UCC was extended into an interuniversity cooperation financed by the Flemish Interuniversity Council since 2010. It provides for substantial funding (€ 350 000 per year) to create a Centre of Excellence on Decentralisation and Local Development within a network of Flemish and Congolese universities of which the University of Antwerp and the UCC are the principal nodes (coordinator: Tom De Herdt). Besides a substantial investment in institutional capacity building, the programme provides for funding of research and education activities on the decentralisation process and the (decentralised) provision of public services in DRC. The programme began producing the first academic output in 2012. Two PhD-students started their trajectory at IOB, and IOB also hosted three scholars to prepare joint publications. At the same time, IOB continued its commitment to teach two courses in the Advanced Master on Development Economics at the Université Catholique du Congo.

The past year was a year of change for our partner institution in Nicaragua. First of all, there was a change in the director of the institute, where Rene Mendoza replaced Arturo Grigsby, who had been director for 14 years. Rene has completed his PhD at IOB about ‘Gatekeepers and the struggle over devel-opment in the Nicaraguan Segovias’ (in June 2012). In this study, he convincingly showed how a few elite families man-age and control access to the Segovias region, thereby shap-ing opportunities and limitations for different social groups for their own benefit as well as for some of their national and international allies. Processes of exclusion and thus produc-tion of poverty and inequality were found to have their origin in these gatekeeper practices. During the public defence, one member of the jury asked Rene Mendoza whether he consid-ered himself a gatekeeper. Working at the time as a develop-ment consultant, his answer was a timid ‘yes’. A few months later Rene Mendoza became the director of Nitlapan, a re-search and development institute employing over 100 people in different development programmes all over the country and actively linked to FDL, the largest rural microfinance in-stitution in Nicaragua with over 60 000 clients.

Since his appointment as director, Rene Mendoza is engaged in putting his PhD findings into practice. Nitlapan’s new stra-tegic plan is indeed ideal for the transformation of gatekeeper

practices since it implies an option to abandon a disarticu-lated service delivery model for a more integrated territorial approach. In the former approach, Nitlapan and FDL were quite successful in supplying separate services such as micro-finance, microleasing, technical assistance and legal support which were sold, sometimes partially subsidised, in the mar-ket to clients who demand them. An impact assessment, how-ever, showed that the social impact of this intervention model was limited, particularly for poorer groups. To help excluded groups out of poverty, more is needed than just innovative and sustainable service delivery. In its new ‘territorial approach’ Nitlapan’s aim is to enhance broader political alliances with local and external organisations, thereby identifying and creating alternative local development pathways, strength-ening the voice and political capital of poorer producers and delivering more articulated services needed to enable these emerging pathways. At the same time, the institute aims to foster more accountability in terms of delivering quality and effectiveness to local counterparts. It redefines Nitlapan as a strategic ally of local excluded groups, trying to facilitate and catalyse processes of innovation of mentalities, institution-al rules of the game and economic activities. Very much like the elite gatekeepers do but, of course, with the purpose of reducing inequality and improving the welfare and agency of excluded rural majorities. (Johan Bastiaensen)

PhD In PRACTICe:

nITLAPAn InnOvATeS TeRRITORIAL GATeKeePInG

pARtneRs In the south


In Nicaragua, IOB played an active role in the final phase of strategic planning towards a new ‘territorial approach’ to development. Under the Flemish Interuniversity Council’s Own Initiative project “Generating Knowledge and Strengthening Synergies for Rural Development. Pilot project for an innovative approach to social learning in Muy Muy and Matiguas, Nicaragua” (2009-2014), IOB was also involved in the third version of a local participatory training programme (coordinator: Johan Bastiaensen) and continued with joint research on several topics. One PhD related to this cooperation was finalised and five others are under way. IOB collaborated with Nitlapan and its associated microfinance institution, Fondo de Desarrollo Local, in organising an international conference on ‘Microfinance and the New Left in Latin America’ (see page 9).

Participation in institutional university cooperation

Besides the Flemish Interuniversity cooperation (VLIR IUC) programme in Kinshasa, IOB is also actively involved in several other VLIR IUC programmes. These programmes follow a demand-driven approach to academic cooperation, aimed at improving the development relevance and impact of Southern universities through cooperation with all Flemish universities. They offer a framework for long-term cooperation with a substantial budget. They are funded under the VLIR IUC, sponsored by the Belgian federal government.

In Ecuador, German Calfat is the team leader for the project “International Migration and Local Development” within the VLIR IUC with the Universidad de Cuenca. Last year, the main effort was centred around the implementation of a household census in the city of Sigsig in the province of Azuay. The census covered a total of 800 households comprising 3000 individuals. The main purpose of the census, entitled MIMM (Migration Impact Monitoring Mechanism) is to understand the impact of migration development, in the hope of increasing our awareness of the different levers available to policy makers to maximise the benefits and minimise the perils of migration. The research team is also currently developing a study on the pattern of parental migration and its implications on children’s educational goals and aspirations. In the margins of this cooperation, possibilities for a cooperation agreement with the Pontífica Universidad Católica de Quito (PUCE) are explored.

Furthermore, since 2011, IOB also acts as the coordinating institution for the VLIR IUC programme with the University of Burundi (coordinator: Filip Reyntjens). This € 450 000 per year programme centres around five projects: support for education and research in basic sciences; community health; rural development and food security in the provinces of Kayanza and Ngozi; support for expertise in the Faculty of Law in the areas of good governance and the rule of law; and new information and communication technologies. Together with other long-term institutional partnerships in the DR Congo, this programme allows IOB to strengthen its networks in the Great Lakes Region of Africa.

ReneMendozaanimatingameetingintheNicaraguancountryside.


Finally, the work at the Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB) involved the continuation of the project “Recherches et formation en développement post-conflit et gouvernance locale/régionale” with the creation of the Centre d’expertise en gestion minière (CEGEMI) (team leader: Stefaan Marysse), as part of a VLIR IUC programme coordinated by the Catholic University of Leuven. Two UCB staff joined IOB as research fellows (March-April ). Joint research led to three publications: one in IOB’s Annuaire des Grands Lacs and two in Cahiers Africains. One assistant of UCB concluded the Master on Governance and Development at IOB and started a PhD project on mining. Marijke Verpoorten and Sara Geenen taught in the Master programme “Public Administration and Development” at UCB.

Other cooperation initiatives A project with Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) in Uganda, funded by the Dutch agency NUFFIC, was successfully concluded in 2012. Following the conclusion of this project, the first steps have been taken by IOB staff to set up a new partnership with Ugandan universities, including MUST, in order to expand this cooperation. In 2012, the cooperation with MUST led to a PhD by Andrew Ainomugisha (p. 14).

OveRSeAS TeAChInG

several staff members lectured at partner insti-tutes in the south:

• At the Catholic University of Bukavu (DR Congo) a course on ‘economic and Institutional Development’ was taught by Marijke verpoorten and a course on ‘governance and sustainable Development in the Mining sector’ was taught by sara geenen.

• Johan Bastiaensen taught the courses ‘Livelihoods in Institutional Context: Conceptual Framework’ and ‘livelihoods: economic Rationality and Beyond’ at the universidad Centroamericana in Managua (nicaragua).

• At the Faculté d’économie du développement of the Université Catholique du Congo in Kinshasa (DR Congo), tom De herdt, assisted by Wim Marivoet, taught the course on ‘Analyse socio-économique des pays en voie de développement’.

IOBstaffteachingattheCatholicUniversityofBukavu.


FInAnCIAl oveRvIeW


FInAnCIAl oveRvIeW

As external research funding is not integrated in IoB’s regular budget, this summary of the financial and budgetary performance discusses both items separately. Table 1 provides an overview of the regular budget outturn for 2012, compared to the previous year’s results. The basic annual endowment from the Flemish Government accounts for the lion’s share of the regular budget. In

Personnel costs are the main share of regular budget expenditures in total, these amounted to about € 2.1 million in 2012. Operating expenses were about € 0.5 million. The significant difference between budget and actual outturn on these operating expenditures, as has been the case in previous years, is mainly due to the underutilisation of the budgetary allowance for start-up expenditures and new initiatives, an allowance that was decided under the previous policy plan as a way to reduce the substantial accumulated financial reserves. This provision will be abolished under the new policy plan as of the next budgetary year.

Overall, realised income and expenditure amount to a net budgetary surplus of € 37 000 in 2012, much better than the

2012, it amounted to almost € 2.2 million. The University of Antwerp adds a matching annual endowment, which amounted to € 240 000 euro in 2012. Other miscellaneous regular income sources, including the VLIR scholarship administration fee, exempted payroll taxes and student tuition fees add about €260 000. Total actual regular 2012 income amounted to almost € 2.7 million, slightly above budget.

2011 2012

Budgeted Actual Budgeted Actual %

Income:Core funding Flemish Government 2,107,000 2,119,000 2,159,000 2,165,000 100%

UA funding 265,000 265,000 240,000 240,000 100%

Other miscellaneous income 128,250 266,022 236,000 263,987 113%

exempted payroll taxes 40,000 126,783 110,000 144,221 131%

scholarship administration fee 57,000 121,532 94,000 80,173 85%

Total income 2,500,250 2,650,022 2,635,000 2,668,987 101%

expenditure:Personnel costs 1,973,274 1,904,566 2,101,087 2,123,024 101%

Tenured academic staff 878,413 808,428 875,453 895,017 102%

Other academic staff 725,661 719,540 820,545 814,736 99%

Support staff 369,200 376,598 405,089 413,271 102%

Operating expenses 812,750 548,936 766,500 508,649 67%

Total expenditure 2,786,024 2,453,502 2,867,587 2,631,673 92%

net result - 285,774 196,520 - 232,587 37,314

tABle 1. BuDGetARy IMpleMentAtIon 2012 Vs. 2011 (In euRo)

budgeted deficit of € 232 000 aimed at reducing reserves. This surplus adds to the substantial historical reserves, which now amount to about € 2.2 million at the end of 2012.

Apart from regular income, IOB also attracts additional income from a broad range of external sources. As table 2 below highlights, total additional external finance amounted to € 1.5 million in 2012, and has seen a gradual increase over the last five years. Of that total, about € 1.1 million (70.8% of the total) is not held by IOB but rather transferred to executing partners in the South and in the North. Part of this external finance goes directly towards funding research. As shown in the two last columns of the table, in 2012, this share amounted to about € 670 000, of which 49.2% (about € 330 000) was transferred to executing partners.

tABle 2. eVolutIon oF exteRnAl FInAncInG, 2008-12

total external financing external research financing

Related to partners Related to partners

2008 788 979 191.272 24.2% 648.321 137.162 21,2%

2009 931.973 515.812 55,3% 540.650 340.560 63,0%

2010 1.222.995 659.211 53,9% 751.751 307.490 40,9%

2011 1.417.774 969.436 68,4% 617.136 219.126 35,5%

2012 1.519.042 1.075.743 70,8% 668.285 328.662 49,2%

average 1.176.153 682.295 53,1% 645.229 266.600 37,9%


people @ IoB

BAstIAensen johan

100%senior lecturer

Reyntjens Filip

100%professor

cAlFAt German

100%lecturer

cAssIMon Danny

100%professor

De heRDt tom

100%senior lecturer

holVoet nathalie

100% senior lecturer

MolenAeRs nadia

100%lecturer

teAchInG stAFF

VAnDeGInste stef

20% lecturer

VeRpooRten Marijke

100% lecturer

Bureau: • Chair: Tom De Herdt • Chair Education Commission:

Nathalie Holvoet • Chair Research Commission:

Filip Reyntjens • Representative Research Staff:

Sara Geenen• Representative Support Staff:

Hugo De Craen

Commissions and committees chair persons: • PhD commission: Johan Bastiaensen • Social committee: Nadia Molenaers • Library committee: Danny Cassimon • IT commission: Karel Verbeke

Library: • Librarian: Hans De Backer

Secretariats: • Management secretariat and

communication: Hugo de Craen • Research secretariat: Joëlle Dhondt,

Katleen Van pellicom, Patricia Franck

• Financial secretariat: An Vermeesch • Flemish Interuniversity cooperation

with DR Congo and Burundi: Marjan Vermeiren

Master programmes: • Student secretariat:

Greet Annaert, Nicole Dierckx • Social service: Greet Annaert • Quality assurance: Marleen Baetens • Alumni and promotion:

Sara Dewachter


clAessens Klara

100% junior researcher

esseRs Dennis


FRAncKen nathalie

50% post-doctoral researcher

GAGIAno Anna


Geenen sara


GIlDeMyn Marie


InBeRG liesbeth


InGelAeRe Bert


jAcoBs Bert


KohlhAGen Dominik


luKAch Ruslan


MARIVoet Wim


MuRIson jude


RIVAs Ana


sMets lodewijk


steel Griet


ReseARch stAFF

huyBRechs Frederic


MIReMBe omer



VeRBeKe Karel


WAGeMAKeRs Inge


WInteRs nanneke


ReseARch stAFF

AnnAeRt Greet

80%

hosKens Wim

50%

FRAncK patricia

50%

BAetens Marleen

50%

De BAcKeR hans

100% librarian

DeWAchteR sara

80%

De cRAen hugo

100%

DhonDt joëlle

100%

DIeRcKx nicole

50%

suppoRt stAFF

VAn pellIcoM Katleen

80%

VeRMeesch An

100%

VeRMeIRen Marjan

100%

VAn Aelst Katrien


stoop nik


tItecA Kristof



staff joining in 2012• 1 June, Wim hoskens replaced Marleen

Baetens as administrative staff for quality assurance in education.

• 1 november, nathalie Francken was appointed as post-doctoral researcher.

• 1 December, Rene Mendoza was appointed as associate post-doctoral researcher.

staff leaving in 2012• 30 september, post-doctoral researcher Martin

prowse left the institute to become lecturer at Copenhagen university. he remains with IoB as an associate post-doctoral researcher.

• 30 November, professor and former chair Robrecht Renard became emeritus.

• 31 December, post-doctoral researcher Ana Rivas left the institute. she remains with IoB as an associate post-doctoral researcher.

• 31 December, post-doctoral researcher omer Mirembe left the institute. he remains with IoB as an associate post-doctoral researcher.


Articles in peer-reviewed journals

• Bédécarrats,F.,Bastiaensen,J.andDoligez,F.(2012) “Co-optation, Cooperation or Competition? Microfinance and the new left in Bolivia, ecuador and nicaragua”, Third World Quarterly 33 (1): 143-160.

• DeHerdt,T.,Titeca,K.andWagemakers,I.(2012) “Make schools, not War? Donors’ Rewriting of the social Contract in the DRC”, Development Policy Review 30 (6): 681-701.

• DeKoster,K.andHolvoet,N.(2012) “Bilateral Donors’ efforts to Assess and Manage un Agencies’ effectiveness: seeking a Balance between paris principles and Domestic Accountability”, Development Policy Review 30 (4): 399-424.

• Doligez,F.,Bastiaensen,JetBédécarrats,F.(2012)“Crises dans la microfinance au Nicaragua: éléments d’analyse et mise en perspectives”, Techniques Financières et Développement 106 : 134-141.

• Geenen,S.(2012) “A Dangerous Bet: the Challenges of Formalizing Artisanal Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo”, Resources Policy 37 (3): 322-330.

• Goodfellow,T.andTiteca,K.(2012) “presidential Intervention and the Changing ‘politics of survival’ in Kampala’s Informal economy”, Cities: the International Journal of Urban Policy and Planning 29 (4): 264–270.

• Holvoet,N.,Gildemyn,M.andInberg,L.(2012) “Taking Stock of Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements in the Context of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: Evidence from 20 Aid-Dependent Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa”, Development Policy Review 30 (6): 749-772.

• Holvoet,N.andInberg,L.(2012) “Changing Aid Modalities through a Gender Lens : an International Perspective and the Case of Dutch Development Cooperation”, Journal of International Women’s Studies 13 (3): 1-16.

• Huyse,H.,Molenaers,N.,Phlix,G.,Bossuyt,J. and Fonteneau, B. (2012) “Evaluating NGO-capacity Development Interventions: Enhancing Frameworks, fitting the (Belgian) Context”, Evaluation 2012 (18): 129-150.

• Ingelaere,B.(2012) “From Model to Practice: Researching and Representing Rwanda’s ‘Modernized’ Gacaca Courts”, Critique of Anthropology 32 (4): 388-414.

• Ingelaere,B.andKolhagen,D.(2012) “Situating Social Imaginaries in Transitional Justice: The Bushingantahe in Burundi”, The International Journal of Transitional Justice 6 (1): 40-59.

• Jacobs,B.(2011) “A Dragon and a Dove? A Comparative Overview of Chinese and European Trade Relations with Sub-Saharan Africa”, Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 40 (4): 17-60.

• Kohlhagen,D.(2012) “Review of M. Hinz et al., In Search of Justice and Peace. Traditional and Informal Justice Systems in Africa”, Anthropos 107 (1): 262.

• Molenaers,N.(2012) “The Great Divide? Donor Perceptions of Budget Support, Eligibility and Policy Dialogue”, Third World Quarterly 33 (5): 791-806.

• Schomerus,M.andTiteca,K.(2012) “Deals and Dealings: Inconclusive Peace and Treacherous Trade along the South Sudan-Uganda Border”, Afrika Spectrum 47 (2-3): 5-31.

• Steel,G.(2012) “Whose Paradise? Itinerant Street Vendors’ Individual and Collective Practices of Political Agency in the Tourist Street of Cusco, Peru”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 36 (5): 1007-21.

• Steel,G.(2012) “Local Encounters with Globetrotters. Tourism’s Potential for Street Vendors in Cusco, Peru”, Annals of Tourism Research 39 (2): 601–619.

• Goodfellow,T.andTiteca,K.(2012) “Museveni’s changing Strategies for Political Control mean continued Uncertainty for Uganda’s Informal Workers”, LSE Research online: Africa at the London School of Economics Blog, Cities 29 (4): 264-270.

• Titeca,K.(2012) “Tycoons and Contraband: Informal Cross-border Trade in West Nile, North-Western Uganda”, Journal of Eastern African Studies (special issue ‘Uganda from the Margins’) 6 (1): 47-63.

• Titeca,K.,Vlassenroot,K.(2012) “Rebels without Borders in the Rwenzori Borderland? A Biography of the Allied Democratic Forces”, Journal of Eastern African Studies (special issue ‘Uganda from the Margins’) 6 (1): 154-176.

• VanCampenhout,B.andCassimon,D.(2012) “Multiple Equilibria in the Dynamics of Financial Globalization: the Role of Institutions”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 22 (2): 329-342.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “Review of Jeremy I. Levitt (2012), Illegal Peace in Africa: An Inquiry into the Legality of Power Sharing with Warlords, Rebels and Junta”, Africa Spectrum. 47 (2-3): 204-206.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “Burundi’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission: How to shed Light on the Past while standing in the dark Shadow of Politics?”, International Journal of Transitional Justice.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “Review of A. Seibert-Fohr, ‘Prosecuting Serious Human Rights Violations”, Leiden Journal of International Law 25 (1): 239-243.


• VanHecken,G.,Bastiaensen,J.andVásquez,W.F.(2012) “The Viability of Local Payments for Watershed Services: Empirical Evidence from Matiguás, Nicaragua”, Ecological Economics 74 (2012): 169-176.

• Verpoorten,M.(2012) “Detecting Hidden Violence: The Spatial Distribution of Excess Mortality in Rwanda”, Political Geography 31 (1): 44-56.

• Verpoorten,M.(2012) “Leave None to Claim the Land: A Malthusian Catastrophe in Rwanda?”, Journal of Peace Research 49 (4): 547-563.

• Verpoorten,M.(2012) “The Intensity of the Rwandan Genocide: Measures from the Gacaca Records”, Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy online 18 (1): 1-24.

Books

• BucyalimweMararo,S.(2012) Élections et reconstruction en situation de ‘ni guerre ni paix’. Six ans d’illusions au Kivu (2005-2011), Saarbrücken, Editions Universitaires Européennes.

• BucyalimweMararo,S.(2012) La MAGRIVI mise en cause par la politique d’étouffement. Penser la réalité, Saarbrücken, Éditions Universitaires Européennes, 263 blz.

• GonzalveGisamonyoNtawihayeTwose et Bucyalimwe, S. M. (2012) Mgr Joseph Busimba Mikararanga (1912-1974): Premier Prêtre et Évêque Noir du Kivu, Fondateur et Grand Pasteur du Diocèse de Goma, Mérignac, Éditions Associations Isoko-Kivu et Les Amis de Goma.

• Ingelaere,B.(2012) Peasants, Power and the Past. The Gagaca Courts and Rwanda’s Transition from Below, doctoraatsthesis, Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Merlet,P.andBastiaensen,J.(eds.)(2012) Desarrollo Rural en Nicaragua, Encuentro. Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana 19 (92) (número especial).

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) La grande guerre africaine. Instabilité, violence et déclin de l’Etat en Afrique centrale (1996-2006), Paris, Les Belles Lettres.

• Reyntjens,F.,Vandeginste,S.,etVerpoorten,M.(eds.)(2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan.

• Thomson,S.,Ansoms,A.andMurison,J.(eds.)(2012)Emotional and Ethical Challenges for Field Research in Africa: the Story behind the Findings, Palgrave Macmillan.

Chapters in books

• Ansoms,A.,Claessens,K.etMudinga,EM(2012)“L’accaparement des terres par des élites en territoire de Kalehe, RDC”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 205-220.

• Ansoms,A.etMurison,J.(2012) “De la prospérité à ‘Saoudi’ à la noyade au ‘Darfour”: l’histoire d’un marais au Rwanda”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 375-396.

• Bareebe,G.,Titeca,K.,Verpoorten,M.(2012) “Simplified Campaign Narratives on Civil War: Case Study of ‘KONY 2012”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 131-156.

• Bucyalimwe,S.M.(2012) “Bana Goma, avancez’ (Mgr Joseph Busimba): Convictions, Espoirs et Revers”, in: Gonzalve Gisamonyo Ntawihaye Twose et Bucyalimwe S. M. (2012) Mgr Joseph Busimba Mikararanga (1912-1974): Premier Prêtre et Évêque Noir du Kivu, Fondateur et Grand Pasteur du Diocèse de Goma, Mérignac, Éditions Associations Isoko-Kivu et Les Amis de Goma : 347-385.

• Cassimon,D.,Essers,D.,Renard,R.,Verbeke,K.(2013)”Aid Flows”, in: Caprio G. (ed.) The Evidence and Impact of Financial Globalization, Amsterdam, Elsevier Academic Press: 81-102.

• Flores,S.yTorres,S.(2012) “Ganaderas en la producción de leche: una realidad oculta por el imaginario social en dos zonas de Nicaragua”, in: Merlet P. and Bastiaensen J. (eds.) (2012) Desarrollo Rural en Nicaragua, Encuentro. Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana 19 (92) (número especial): 7-28.

• Geenen,S.etClaessens,K.(2012) “De l’autre côté de la colline: le controle constesté de Mukungwe au Sud-Kivu”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 181-204.

• Guariso,A.,Ngabitsinze,C.J.,Verpoorten,M.(2012)“The Rwandan Coffee Sector: out of the Ordinary”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 397-426.

• Ingelaere,B.(2012) “The Model and its Double. How the Rwanda States sees the “Modernized” Gacaca Courts“, in: de Lame D. and Mazzocchetti J. (eds.) Interface empiriques de la mondialisation. African Junctions under the Neoliberal Development Paradigm, Tervuren, Royal Museum For Central Africa: 125-143.


• KambaleMirembe,O.etDeHerdt,T.(2012) “Congo: fragilité de l’état et fiscalité”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 251-278.

• Kohlhagen,D.(2012) Quelles normes dans les tribunaux Burundais? Entre le légal, le légitime et les pratiques”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 33-48.

• Marivoet,W.(2012) “Économie politique de l’information en RDC. Quelques expériences liées à des enquêtes nationales (1984-2011)”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 279-306.

• Marysse,S.,Cassimon,D.,DeHerdt,T.,TshiunzaMbiye, O. et Verbeke, K. (2012), “L’allégement de la dette en République démocratique du Congo. Évaluation d’une pierre angulaire de la reconstruction de la RDC“, in : Marysse S. et Omasombo J. (eds.) Conjonctures congolaises – Chroniques et analyses de la RD Congo en 2011, Cahiers Africains 80, Brussel en Parijs, Musée Royale de l’Afrique Central et l’Harmattan: 97-124.

• MendozaR.,Fernández,E.yKuhnekath,K.(2012)“¿Institución patrón-dependiente o indeterminación social? Genealogía crítica del sistema de habilitación en el café”, in: Merlet P. and Bastiaensen J. (eds.) (2012) Desarrollo Rural en Nicaragua, Encuentro. Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana 19 (92) (número especial): 87-102.

• Murison,J.andLwanga,D.(2012) “A Political Chronicle of Uganda 2011: Moving forward, backward or staying the same?”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 93-110.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Chronique politique du Rwanda 2011-2012”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 307-336.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Elite ambitions. Engineering a new Rwanda and new Rwandans”, in: Panella C. (ed.) Lives in Motion, indeed. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Social Change in Honour of Danielle de Lame, Tervuren, Royal Museum for Central Africa: 93-120.

• Steel,G.,Winters,N.ySosa,C.(2012) “Movilidad y desarrollo translocal en la Nicaragua (semi-)rural”, in: Merlet P. and Bastiaensen J. (eds.) (2012) Desarrollo Rural en Nicaragua, Encuentro. Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana 19 (92) (número especial): 53-72.

• Titeca,K.andOnyango,P.(2012) “The Carrot and the Stick: The Unlevel Playing Field in Uganda’s 2011 Elections”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 111-130.

• TitecaK.(2011) “The Impact of War and Peace on the Border Town of Arua, Uganda”, in: Bouvier J., Bakole J., Swinne D. (eds.) Poverty in Medium and Small Cities of Developing Countries. UN Habitat, Arsom-Kaow: 179-188.

• Thomson,S.,Ansoms,A.andMurison,J.(2012)“Introduction: Why Stories Behind the Findings?”, in: Thomson S., Ansoms A. and Murison J. (eds.) Emotional and Ethical Challenges for Field Research in Africa: the Story behind the Findings, Palgrave Macmillan.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “L’éligibilité de l’actuel président de la république du Burundi aux élections présidentielles de 2015. Une analyse juridique”, in: Reyntjens F., Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 73-92.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “Burundi”, in: Mehler A. (ed.) Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011, Volume 8, Leiden, Brill Publishers: 295-304.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “Chronique politique du Burundi 2011-2012”, in: Reyntjens F. Vandeginste S., et Verpoorten M. (eds.) (2012) L’Afrique des grands lacs. Annuaire 2011-2012, Paris, L’Harmattan: 13-32.

• VanHecken,G.,Bastiaensen,J.yHuybrechs,F.(2012)“Hacia un enfoque institucional de los Pagos por Servicios Ambientales: perspectivas sobre la oferta y la demanda de servicios ambientales a partir de dos estudios de caso en la frontera agrícola nicaragüense”, in: Merlet P. and Bastiaensen J. (eds.) (2012) Desarrollo Rural en Nicaragua, Encuentro. Revista de la Universidad Centroamericana 19 (92) (número especial): 29-52.

• VanHecken,G.,Bastiaensen,J.andHuybrechs,F.(2012)“Towards an Institutional Approach to Payments for Ecosystem Services: Perspectives from Two Nicaraguan Cases”, in: Muradian R. and Rival L. (eds.) Governing the Provision of Ecosystem Services (Studies in Ecological Economics Volume 4), Dordrecht, Springer Verlag: 357-375.


IOB Discussion Papers

• Dellepiane-Avellaneda,S.(2012) “From Property Rights and Institutions, to Beliefs and Social Orders: Revisiting Douglass North’s Approach to Development”, IOB Discussion Paper 2012.01, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Merlet,P.andBastiaensen,J.(2012) “Struggles over Property Rights in the Context of Large-Scale Transnational Land Acquisitions. Using Legal Pluralism to Re-politicize the Debate. Illustrated with Case Studies from Madagascar and Ghana”, IOB Discussion Paper 2012.02, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “L’éligibilité de l’actuel Président de la République du Burundi aux élections présidentielles de 2015: une analyse juridique, IOB Discussion Paper 2012.03, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

IOB working Papers

• Essers,D.(2012) “Democracy and External Shock Resilience in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Great Recession”, IOB Working Paper 2012.02, Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy and Management, 46 pages.

• Essers,D.andCassimon,D.(2012) “Washing away Original Sin: Vulnerability to Crisis and the Role of Local Currency Bonds in Sub-Saharan Africa”, IOB Working Paper 2012.12, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• KambaleMirembe,O.(2012) “Taxation and Public Service Provision: Taxes on Road Transport and Fuel in Congo”, IOB Working Paper 2012.06, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• KambaleMirembe,O.(2012) “La taxation aux marchés à l’est de la RDC: acteurs et enjeux”, IOB Working Paper 2012.07, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• KambaleMirembe,O.(2012) “Governance of Road Infrastructure in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo”, IOB Working Paper 2012.10, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Moyer-Lee,J.andProwse,M.(2012) “How Traceability is Restructuring Malawi’s Tobacco Industry”, IOB Working Paper 2012.05, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Prowse,M.andWeldegebriel,Z.B.(2012) “Climate Change Adaptation In Ethiopia: To What Extent Does Social Protection Influence Livelihood Diversification?”, IOB Working Paper 2012.11, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Songco,K.M.,Holvoet,N.andInberg,L.(2012) “Paris Declaration Country Evaluations : how solid is the

Evidence? Meta-evaluation of the Country Evaluations of the Phase II Paris Declaration Evaluation”, IOB Working Paper 2012-01, Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy and Management, 49 pages.

• TanvirM.andProwse,M.(2012) “Corruption in Disaster Preparedness and Relief in Coastal Bangladesh: Lessons for Climate Adaptation”, IOB Working Paper 2012.04, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• VanBergeijk,P.A.G.(2012) “The Millennium Development Goals post 2015: Towards a Global Social Contract”, IOB Working Paper 2012.09, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “L’éligibilité de l’actuel Président de la République du Burundi aux élections présidentielles de 2015: une analyse juridique”, IOB Working Paper 2012.03, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “L’annulation de la condamnation à mort de Pierre Nkurunziza, Président de la République du Burundi: un commentaire de l’arrêt du 8 juillet 2011 de la Cour Suprême dans l’affaire RPSA 280”, IOB Working Paper 2012.08, Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

Discussion and working papers published at other institutes

• Faust,J.,Koch,S.,Molenaers,N.,Tavakoli,H.andVanheukelom, J. (2012) “The Future of EU Budget Support: Political Conditions, Differentiation and Coordination”, Discussion Paper May 2012, Overseas Development Institute, London Policy Brief ETTG.

• Serneels,P.andVerpoorten,M.(2012) The Impact of Armed Conflict on Economic Performance: Evidence from Rwanda, IZA Discussion Paper 6737, Bonn, Institute for the Study of Labor.

• Smets,L.,Knack,S.andMolenaers,N.(2012) Political Ideology, Quality at Entry and the Success of Economic Reform Programs, Policy Research Working Paper 6130, Washington D.C, The World Bank, Development Research Group, Human Development and Public Services.

• Verpoorten,M.,Abhimanyu,A.andSwinnen,J.(2012)“Self-reported Food Insecurity in Africa during the Food Price Crisis”, LICOS discussion papers 303, Leuven, KU Leuven, Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance.

• DeLuca,G.andVerpoorten,M.(2012) “From Vice to Virtue? Civil War and Social Capital in Uganda”, Working Paper WP138, Ghana: Afrobarometer online.


Reports

• Holvoet,N.andInberg,L.(2012) Integration of a Gender Dimension in the EC Sector Budget Support for Decentralised Agriculture in Rwanda, Antwerp: Institute for Development Policy and Management.

• Holvoet,N.andInberg,L.(2012) Sector Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in the Context of changing Aid Modalities: the Case of Uganda’s Health Sector, Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy and Management.

• KohlhagenD.(2011) Les défis de la justice de proximité au Burundi. Synthèse de la réflexion nationale de 2011, Bujumbura : Ministry of Justice.

• KohlhagenD.(2012) Commentaires sur la loi n°1/13 du 9 août 2011 portant révision du code foncier du Burundi, Diont-Valmont : Association de Réflexion et d’Information sur le Burundi.

• Marysse,S.,TshiunzaMbiye,O.,DeHerdt,T.,Cassimon, D., Verbeke, K. en Visser, M. (2012) Table rase - et après? Evaluation de l’allègement de la dette en République Démocratique du Congo, 2003-2010. Sommaire, ‘s Gravenhage : Direction de l’évaluation de la politique et des opérations, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken en Brussel : Service de l’évaluation spéciale de la coopération internationale, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, Buitenlandse Handel en Ontwikkelingssamenwerking.

• Marysse,S.,TshiunzaMbiye,O.,DeHerdt,T.,Cassimon, D., Verbeke, K. en Visser, M. (2012) Schoon schip. En dan? Evaluatie van de schuldverlichting aan de Democratische Republiek Congo, 2003-2010. Samenvatting, ’s Gravenhage: Inspectie Ontwikkelingssamenwerking en Beleidsevaluatie, Ministerie van Buitenlandse zaken en Brussel: Dienst Bijzondere Evaluatie van de Internationale Samenwerking, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, Buitenlandse Handel en Ontwikkelingssamenwerking.

• Marysse,S.,TshiunzaMbiye,O.,DeHerdt,T.,Cassimon, D., Verbeke, K. en Visser, M. (2012) Table rase - et après? Evaluation de l’allègement de la dette en République Démocratique du Congo, 2003-2010. Rapport principal, ‘s Gravenhage : Direction de l’évaluation de la politique et des opérations, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken en Brussel : Service de l’évaluation spéciale de la coopération internationale, Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, Buitenlandse Handel en Ontwikkelingssamenwerking.

• Mtisi,S.,Prowse,M.(eds.),Manjengwa,J.,Unganai,L.,Marongwe, N., Chatiza, K. (2012) Baseline Report on Climate Change and Development in Zimbabwe, Harare: Zimbabwe, Government of Zimbabwe, Climate & Development Knowledge Network (CDKN).

• Titeca,K.andKimanuka,C.(2012) Walking in the Dark. Informal Cross-border Trade in the Great Lakes Region, London: International Alert.

Articles in newspapers and magazines

• Jacobs,B.(2012) “Wat na Busan? Kunnen de Aziatische DAC-leden de kloof tussen de oude en de nieuwe ontwikkelingsactoren dichten?” MO*Paper 66, 40 blz.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Rwanda bestookt Congo, met de groeten van België”, De Standaard, 7 juni 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Congo wordt al jaren gesaboteerd, en Rwanda werkt daar actief aan mee”, De Tijd, 26 juli 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Reynders in Congo: déjà vu”, De Tijd, 29 maart 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Zappen met een vodje papier”, De Standaard, 10 januari 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “A moet B omarmen”, De Standaard, 31 december 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) Wanneer pakt de internationale gemeenschap eindelijk de Congolese déjà-vu’s aan?, De Tijd, 24 november 2012.

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Confederalisme”, De Standaard, 17 oktober 2012.

• Titeca,K.,Vlassenroot,K.(2012) “Post het YouTubefilmpje over Joseph Kony nog niet, lees eerst dit stuk”, De Morgen, 13 maart 2012.

• Vandeginste,S.enHuyse,L.(2012) “Uw aandacht voor weeskind Burundi”, De Morgen, 2 juli 2012.

• Vandeginste,S.(2012) “De moeizame zoektocht naar vrede, waarheid en gerechtigheid”, Koerier Dossier “ 50 jaar Burundi: Graven in het verleden, bouwen aan de toekomst”, Antwerpen, Pax Christi Vlaanderen 3.

Articles published on websites

• Ingelaere,B.(2012) “Het Gelijk van de Rwandese Generaals”, MO.be online. www.mo.be/opinie/het-gelijk-van-de-rwandese-generaals

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Review of Z. C. Mampilly, Rebel Rulers: Insurgent Governance and Civilian Life during War”, H-Africa, H-Net online. http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=34024).

• Reyntjens,F.(2012) “Crónica política de Ruanda, 2010-2011”, Fundación Sur online. http://www.africafundacion.org/spip.php?article9516

• Vanheukelom,J.andMolenaers,N.(2012) “Modernising EU Budget Support or Overloading the Boat?”, ECDPM Talking Points The Challenges of the EU’s International Cooperation online. http://www.ecdpm-talkingpoints.org/analysis-of-new-eu-dev-policy4/


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e-mail: [email protected]

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Annual Report 2012

Documents

Transcript of Annual Report 2012