Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway Workshop on ”In situ...
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Transcript of Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway Workshop on ”In situ...
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Outline: Introduction – WFD Annex V – how to quantify?
What has the REBECCA project given?
Examples of dose-response functions relating ecological and chemical elements
How to use automated methods?
Approaches for establishing links among ecological and chemical status
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Introduction – WFD Annex V – how to quantify? Monitoring of chemical elements has dominated
classification systems before WFD Eutrophication/organic pollution: P, N, BOD, COD, O2 Acidification: pH, ANC, Al Toxic substances: metals, POPs
WFD require monitoring of biological elements Phytoplankton, benthic algae, macrophytes, benthic fauna, fish Links between biological and chemical elements needed for river
basin management plans Challenge to develop classification systems with
biological indicators and class boundaries in line with Annex V normative definitions
Challenge to obtain type-specific relationships between chemical and biological indicators for different pressures
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
What has the REBECCA project given?
REBECCA: Relationships between ecological and chemical status of surface waters
EU FP 6 project: 2004-2007 Constructing relationships based on existing data Lakes, rivers and coastal waters included Eutrophication, acidification, toxic substances and
hydromorphological pressures included Publications:
Lakes results published in Aquatic Ecology (May 2008) Rivers results will be published in Freshwater Biology (autumn 2008) Coastal results published in different marine biology journals Final conference in Oslo in May 2007 All reports and presentations available at www.rbm-toolbox.net
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
REBECCA dataset for Lakes
Largest Pan-European dataset ever: >5000 lakes (Moe et al. 2008)
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Examples of dose-response functions relating ecological and chemical elements
Lakes: Phytoplankton and nutrients Macrophytes and nutrients
Rivers: Benthic invertebrates and organic pollution Benthic algae (diatoms) and nutrients Benthic invertebrates and toxic pollution (heavy metals)
Coastal waters: Phytoplankton and nutrients
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Lakes: Phytoplankton and nutrients Phytoplankton taxonomic indicator responses
(Ptacnik et al. 2008, Lyche-Solheim et al. 2008)
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L-N1
Chl-a
% b
iovo
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Chlorophyll-a µg L-1
% o
f bi
ovol
ume Cyanophytes
(excl. Chroococcales but incl. Microcysta and Woronichinia)
Pennate diatoms
spring/early summer samples
late summer samples
Chrysophytes(excl. Synura and Uroglena)
H/G G/M
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Lakes: Macrophytes and nutrients
Macrophyte indicator (Isoetids) responses in low alkalinity lakes (Penning et al. 2008)
2 5 10 20 50 100 200
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46
81
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40.950.90.750.5
total phosphorus, µg/l
cum
ulat
ive
freq
uenc
yin
dex
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Rivers: benthic invertebrates Benthic invertebrates integrated common metric index (ICMi)
response to organic pollution (Buffagni & Owen, R. 2007)
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Rivers: Benthic algae and nutrients
Diatom responses (Deflandre-Vlandas et al. submitted)
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Rivers: benthic invertebrates and toxic pollution Benthic invertebrates and impact of heavy metals (Cu) in a Norwegian
river exposed to mining waste (Moe et al. submitted)
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Cu (ug/L)
msPAF MI chronic
% reduction Ephem. species
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Coastal waters: Phytoplankton and nutrients
Bloom frequency and biomass increases with total nitrogen concentrations (Carstensen et al. 2006)
n=80p=0.8934y=probit(2.15+0.0003x)
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0 50 100 150TN (µmol L-1)
3702
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4273
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Blo
om in
tens
ity (µ
g L
-1)
n=92p<0.0001y=probit(-1.68+0.0098x)
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Blo
om fr
eque
ncy
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Coastal waters: Macroalgae and nutrients
Macroalgae response to nitrogen (Krause-Jensen et al.)
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
How to use automated methods?
Essential to establish good correlations between the automated method parameter and the biological indicators used in the new WFD classification systems
Automated methods that are well correlated to the biological indicators may enhance spatial and temporal resolution of monitoring data, and allow detection of effect of measures
Two examples of automated methods: Monitoring phytoplankton in coastal waters in Norway using
satellite images and sensors on ferries Mapping the riparian corridor as a proxy for ecological status of
rivers
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Sensors for marine phytoplankton Sensors on ferries detect algal blooms in the Oslofjord (green line) in contrast to conventional
sampling programmes (red dots in figure) (Sørensen 2008)
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Dato
Klor
ofyll-a
(µg/l
)
Klorofyll-a
Tokt i overvåkingsprogrammet
Prøver fra Color Festival
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Satellite images for marine phytoplankton Algal biomass in Skagerak during spring bloom 2008
(Sørensen in prep., www.ferrybox.no)
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Mapping of the riparian corridor as a proxy for ecological status of rivers
From JRC IES Agri-Env action on Impact assessment and riparian mapping using time series of remote sensing (Ivits-Wasser et al.)
Permanent vegetation fraction derived from remote sensing correlates to the favourable status
Classification of the riparian-zone into favourable and unfavourable status in the Andalusia river network based on field observations
Classification accuracy: 89%
favourable status unfavourable status
Anne Lyche Solheim, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
Workshop on ”In situ trialing for ecological and chemical studies in support of WFD implementation”, Pau, France, 14.-15. May 2008
Thank you for your attention!