Ann GordonMinistry of Natural Resources and

the EnvironmentBelmopan

Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions in the post

2012

Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)

ContentOriginWhat is a NAMAScope of NAMAsCancun Agreement and NAMAsCurrent developing countries’ proposed NAMAs

Origin of NAMAs Paragraph 1 (b) (ii) of the Bali Action Plan calls for “Nationally appropriate mitigation actions’ by developing country Parties in the context of sustainable development, supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable manner”.

What is a NAMA

Appendix IIto the

Copenhagen Accord

Source: ECOFYS-Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions

NAMAs and the Copenhagen AccordDeveloped countries agreed to provide

30 billion USD in fast track financing between 2010 and 2012 and to mobilize 100 billion per year by 2020.

No decisions made in 2009 on modalities and required institutions.

Mechanisms to raise and distribute funds, and procedures to measure, report and verify NAMAs must be in place

Cancun Agreement and NAMAS

Schedule for establishing guidelines for measuring reporting and verification

A registry for matching NAMAs and support is established (registry will record NAMAs and their support)

Creation a fund to finance mitigation and adaptation actionsNew technology transfer mechanisms Creation on “new market based mechanisms” – no explicit

text on CDMIndividual pledges submitted under Copenhagen Accord

anchored under UNFCCC

Type of NAMA Description1. Voluntary and unilateral

NAMA associated with actions that developing countries would take voluntarily and unilaterally without support from developed countries

2. Supported Actions that require support from developed countries

3. Carbon Credit NAMAs

NAMAs associated with actions that developing countries are willing to take for the purpose of obtaining carbon credit as an outcome of implementing such actions.

Sectoral Strategy

Sectoral StrategyINDUSTRY

Sectoral StrategyBUILDINGS Implementation of building codes

Define and implement building codesCreate institutions to support definition, implementation and enforcement

Promotion of solar thermal useConduct study and implementInformation and capacity building

Incentives for efficient appliancesImplement labeling regulations

Source ECOFYS: Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions

National Climate Change Action Plan or Low Emission Development Strategies

Financing of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions

OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE

SUPPORTED NAMAS

UNILATERAL NAMAS

MARKET BASED

MECHANISMS

BILATERAL MULTILATERAL

GREEN CLIMATE FUND

DOMESTIC FINANCING

CARBON CREDITS

Decision postponed to COP 17

Adapted from ECOFYS

REGISTRY

Directly Supported NAMAs Can be

Projects (e.g. Bus Rapid Transit lane)Programmes (e.g. energy efficient lighting

program)Policy instrument and tools including:

Pilot programmes in local communitiesEnergy efficiency standard in buildings and transport

sectorsAppliance labelling and provision of subsidiesPhasing out small inefficient power plants Inefficient cement and steel plantsReplacement of incandescent light bulbs with compact

fluorescent bulbsRemoving fuel subsidies Appropriate taxation policies

Development and implementation of a strategy National mitigation target

Current Developing Countries’ Proposed NAMAs

Become climate neutral around 2020 • Costa Rica, MaldivesPercentage reduction of national emission below

BAU or base year in 2020 • Brazil, Indonesia, Israel, Marshal Islands, Mexico,

Moldova, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea Percentage reduction of intensity (national emission

per GDP) in 2020 from 2005 • China, India Detailed list of projects • Congo, Ethiopia, Jordan, Macedonia,

Madagascar, Morocco, Sierra Leone

What is needed?NAMAs should be based on well

developed national and /or sectoral strategies. Initiate process of planning for and preparing

for NAMAs and put in place necessary institutional arrangements to support such an endeavour

Need to ensure stakeholder consultation in the process and preparation of NAMAs.

ConclusionsNAMAs should be based on well developed national

and/or sector strategies – Strategic, long-term, transformational measures – Allows for comprehensive, packages of actions – Can also address difficult CDM sectors (e.g. transport, buildings) – Can consists of several components – Can lead to carbon credits or not Learn from existing experience in development finance NAMAs could also take place outside of UNFCCC (e.g.

bilateral and multilateral donors) NAMAs can be implemented through the use of

domestic resources and funding through the Green Climate Fund, complemented by the use of the market mechanisms, in a balanced manner.

PoAs under the Clean Development Mechanism regarded as predecessor of a future NAMA mechanism

Thank you for your attention!!