Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in...

15
Anglo-Saxon England Anglo-Saxon England The Germanic tribes of the The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. powerful tribes in England. Three important kingdoms of Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, and Wessex Northumbria, Mercia, and Wessex in England. in England. These kingdoms were divided These kingdoms were divided into shires or districts. into shires or districts. Alfred the Great of Wessex Alfred the Great of Wessex became the king of most of became the king of most of England England . .

Transcript of Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in...

Page 1: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

Anglo-Saxon EnglandAnglo-Saxon England The Germanic tribes of the Angles and The Germanic tribes of the Angles and

the Saxons became powerful tribes in the Saxons became powerful tribes in England.England.

Three important kingdoms of Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, and Wessex in Northumbria, Mercia, and Wessex in England. England.

These kingdoms were divided into shires These kingdoms were divided into shires or districts.or districts.

Alfred the Great of Wessex became the Alfred the Great of Wessex became the king of most of Englandking of most of England..

Page 2: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 3: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

The Norman Conquest The Norman Conquest In 1019 England became part of the In 1019 England became part of the

Danish empire under King Canute. Danish empire under King Canute. Edward the Confessor became king in Edward the Confessor became king in

1042, but died in 1066. He had no male 1042, but died in 1066. He had no male heirs.heirs.

William the Conqueror claimed England, William the Conqueror claimed England, Harold of Wessex was crowned by the Harold of Wessex was crowned by the English nobles.English nobles.

William I conquers England at the battle William I conquers England at the battle of Hastings in 1066. of Hastings in 1066.

Page 4: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 5: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

William I in EnglandWilliam I in England William I ruled from 1066-1087 and William I ruled from 1066-1087 and

imported feudalism to England.imported feudalism to England. William made sure all nobles in England William made sure all nobles in England

were loyal to him.were loyal to him. To determine the wealth and population To determine the wealth and population

of England William I collected the of England William I collected the Domesday Book.Domesday Book.

Henry I ruled England from 1100 - 1135.Henry I ruled England from 1100 - 1135. He created royal courts, and established He created royal courts, and established

the Exchequer or king’s finances.the Exchequer or king’s finances.

Page 6: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 7: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

Henry II 1154-1189Henry II 1154-1189 Henry II increased the power of the king, Henry II increased the power of the king,

at the nobles and church’s expense.at the nobles and church’s expense. He allowed nobles to pay instead of serve He allowed nobles to pay instead of serve

in the army, so he could hire soldiers.in the army, so he could hire soldiers. He used circuit judges. Henry II He used circuit judges. Henry II

established the Grand Jury of 25 men.established the Grand Jury of 25 men. He established the petit jury of 12 men. He established the petit jury of 12 men. Henry II had church courts transferred to royal Henry II had church courts transferred to royal

courts. When Thomas Becket, Archbishop of courts. When Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury protested he was killed..Canterbury protested he was killed..

Page 8: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 9: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

King John and the Magna CartaKing John and the Magna Carta The son of Henry II was King John I The son of Henry II was King John I

brought on a revolt of nobles for making brought on a revolt of nobles for making them pay taxes they thought weren’t fair.them pay taxes they thought weren’t fair.

English nobles forced John to sign the English nobles forced John to sign the Magna Carta. Magna Carta.

The king couldn’t raise taxes without The king couldn’t raise taxes without approval, he was not above the law, he approval, he was not above the law, he couldn’t take land.couldn’t take land.

The Magna Carta is part of the English The Magna Carta is part of the English Constitution.Constitution.

Page 10: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 11: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

Parliament and Common LawParliament and Common Law In 1260 nobles revolted against King In 1260 nobles revolted against King

Henry III. Simon de Montfort ruled Henry III. Simon de Montfort ruled England.England.

Montfort called together nobles and Montfort called together nobles and burgesses in the Great Council. burgesses in the Great Council.

After Montfort’s death the Great Council After Montfort’s death the Great Council became known as Parliament.became known as Parliament.

The House of Lords was made up of The House of Lords was made up of nobles and clergy. The House of nobles and clergy. The House of Commons of knights and burgesses.Commons of knights and burgesses.

Page 12: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 13: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,

Common LawCommon Law Edward I 1272-1307 divided the king’s Edward I 1272-1307 divided the king’s

court into three sections.court into three sections. The Court of the Exchequer kept financial The Court of the Exchequer kept financial

accounts and tried tax cases.accounts and tried tax cases. The Court of Common Pleas between The Court of Common Pleas between

private citizens. private citizens. The Court of the King’s Bench heard The Court of the King’s Bench heard

cases that concerned the king.cases that concerned the king. The decisions heanded down by judges The decisions heanded down by judges

became Common Law. became Common Law.

Page 14: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,
Page 15: Anglo-Saxon England n The Germanic tribes of the Angles and the Saxons became powerful tribes in England. n Three important kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia,