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Anglia Examination Syndicate (England)

Certificate in English for Overseas Candidates

Masters Level – Paper NEW MASTERS Four Skills Paper 1 – Reading & Writing Time allowed – Two hours 30 minutes. Candidates should answer ALL questions. Write your answers in PEN in the spaces provided. You may use correcting fluid if necessary. Ask for extra paper if you need it.

CHICHESTER COLLEGE, WESTGATE FIELDS, CHICHESTER, WEST SUSSEX, PO19 1SB, ENGLAND

© Anglia Examination Syndicate Ltd. Reg in England Co No. 2046325 These materials may not be altered or reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,

electronic, electrical, chemical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner.

For Examiner’s Use Only Section R1 Section R2 Section R3 Section W2 Section W3 Section R4 (Pt1) Section R4 (Pt2) Section W4

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 1 of 14

Section R1 Reading (10 marks) For questions 1 – 5 read the following extract from a blog and decide which word (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. The Origins of Storytelling

The history of storytelling is ancient, lost in the (1) _______________ of time. Nobody knows when the first story was actually told. Did it happen in the gloomy recess of a cave around a (2) _____________ fire told by a primitive hunter? We may never know, but we do know that the earliest evidence of storytelling is in the Lascaux Caves in southern France, dating from around 15000 B.C. From cave painting to novels to movies, stories have always fascinated mankind. Every story (3) _______________ a purpose, whether for entertainment, communication or religious purposes. Aesop is arguably the most famous storyteller in history. He lived in the 500s B.C., but his stories were remembered for hundreds of years without a single (4) _______________ of paper or other printed material. Oral storytelling was so powerful and people remembered Aesop’s tales so well that even 300 years later the stories were (5) _______________ enough for mass production.

1. A. clouds B. haze C. dust D. mists 2. A. billowing B. flickering C. spouting D. guttering 3. A. reports B. serves C. benefits D. obliges 4. A. speck B. shred C. grain D. splinter 5. A. revered B. fundamental C. crucial D. particular

For questions 6 – 10 read the opening passage from the novel Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternak and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best answers each question.

When the secret train backed into the station from behind the railway sheds, the whole crowd poured on to the tracks. People rolled down the banks like marbles. They scrambled on to the permanent way and, pushing each other aside, jumped onto the steps and buffers or climbed in through the windows and on to the roof. The train filled up in an instant, while it was still moving, and by the time it stood by the platform, not only was it crammed but bunches of passengers hung all over it outside, from top to bottom. By a miracle, Yury managed to get on to a coupling and from there, still more unaccountably, into the corridor.

There he stayed, sitting on his luggage all the way to Sukhinichi. The clouds had scattered and the fields were blazing with sunshine and echoing from end to end with crickets whose chirping drowned the clatter of the wheels. The passengers who stood by the windows kept the sun from the rest. Their long multiple shadows streaked across the floor and the seats and their partitions. As though crowded out of the compartment, they jumped out of the windows on the other side and ran and skipped along the opposite bank together with the moving shadow of the train. All around Yury people were shouting, bawling songs, cursing and gambling. To the turmoil inside was added, whenever the train stopped, the noise of the besieging crowds outside. It rose to the pitch of a storm at sea, and, as at sea, there would be a sudden lull. In the inexplicable silence you could hear footsteps hurrying down the platform, the bustle and arguments outside the luggage van, people saying goodbye a long way off, and the quiet clucking of hens and rustling of trees in the station garden. Then, like a message delivered on the way or like greetings from Melyuzeyevo, as though addressed personally to Yury, there drifted in the familiar aromatic smell. It came from somewhere to one side of the window and higher than the level of either garden or wild flowers, and it quietly asserted its excellence over all else. Kept from the windows by the crowd, Yury could not see the trees; but he imagined them growing somewhere very near and spreading over the carriage roofs their tranquil branches covered with dusty leaves as thick as night and sprinkled with constellations of small, glittering wax flowers.

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 2 of 14

6. Which word in paragraph 1 conveys the idea that the boarding of the train was chaotic?

a. poured b. rolled c. scrambled d. crammed

7. Yury managed to obtain his position in the corridor

a. deceptively. b. fortuitously. c. effortlessly. d. quickly

8. What does ‘they’ in line 14 refer to?

a. passengers on the train b. people changing trains c. shadows of the passengers d. crowds on the platform

9. What was the source of the ‘aromatic smell’ in the final paragraph?

a. wild flowers on the bank b. refreshments served on the platform c. the contents of Yury’s luggage d. trees growing near the station

10. The writer gives the impression that, for Yury, the journey was

a. stuffy and oppressive. b. solemn and dispiriting. c. tiring and uncomfortable. d. cramped and rowdy.

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 3 of 14

Section R2 Reading (10 marks) There are fifteen headlines below and ten short news stories on the next page. In the answer grid below the headlines, match each story letter with the best headline number. There are five headlines you do not need.

1. HOLE-IN-ONE SURPRISE

2. POT LUCK

3. WOMAN HIT BY HIGH SPEED BUS

4. NEW BOSS FOR SAINTS FC

5. KILLER POTHOLES

6. FACILITIES UNDER FIRE

7. A SPORTING (SECOND) CHANCE

8. PASSENGER INJURED IN BUS INCIDENT

9. TRIPLE TARGET FOR SAINTS FC

10. SPORTS CENTRE’S SHOCK CLOSURE

11. RACE SABOTAGE CAUSES DISRUPTION

12. LONE CYCLIST’S LUCKY VICTORY

13. SURVEY LAUNCHED INTO STATE OF ROADS

14. CYCLISTS INJURED IN ‘HARMLESS’ PRANK

15. COUNCIL’S INERTIA RESULTS IN INJURY

WRITE YOUR ANSWERS HERE. Match the number of the headline to the letter of the article:

A B C D E F G H I J

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 4 of 14

A Mauricio Pochetti has revealed that a deal for Victor Yama is still on the cards, while he has also confirmed Saints’ interest in David Banega and Matt Leandro. Saints’ boss Pochetti insists the transfers could still happen and expressed confidence that deals could be reached. ‘Our goals are very clear’, he said. ‘We are interested not in 20 players, but in three and have made this a priority in order to strengthen our side.’

B Highway bosses have begun an investigation into the condition of the area’s roads and efficacy of its public transport. The announcement comes at the end of a week which has seen plans for a major shake-up in the bus service, and the need for serious repairs to over 6 per cent of roads across the country. 70 local authorities have signed up to the National Highways and Transport Satisfaction survey that will ask members of the public for their views. Results are to be published in the autumn.

C Southdown Sports Centre, which helped hone the talents of several celebrated Olympians, has been criticised for its lack of wet-weather shelter and its ‘disgusting’ toilet block. Despite the track and field being in good condition, the changing block has been condemned and there is no running water. The city’s athletics club, which boasts more than 600 members, is hoping to raise enough funds for a major overhaul.

D A sports and leisure centre that was closed despite local opposition is to be taken over by the community and partly reopened. Stocksbridge Sports Centre was finally shut in April as part of a £50m programme of cuts by the council, even though campaigners won a reprieve to keep the centre open for an extra month. Now, several months later, a ‘constructive and progressive’ deal to reopen the site has been reached, with the local council offering some initial financial support.

E A massive pile-up in the first run of heat three of the men’s quarter final resulted in an easy win for New Zealand’s Marc Willers, after a crash on the first bank brought down all of the other cyclists. Seven participants were caught up in the crash, in which fortunately nobody was hurt. Manuel de Vecchi of Italy eventually rolled home in second place.

F They may be the bane of many drivers’ lives, but for one man in Wilton, a pothole in a badly repaired road may just have saved his life. Ray Lee was hospital bound in an ambulance, having suffered a potentially fatal heart rhythm. With his heart rate soaring to 190 beats per minute, the ambulance hit the hole, throwing him up off his stretcher. When he landed, his heart reset itself to a healthy 60 bpm. ‘Some holes ruin your car, but others save your life,’ he said.

G A woman suffered two broken ankles when a concrete slab sliced through the bottom of a bus in a freak accident. It happened as a loose road section lifted up, went through the bus floor and struck the 60 year-old woman’s legs. Bus operator Arriva said it may have happened when the front wheels went over a large stone. The council said it had made urgent repairs and a ‘full permanent’ fix was planned.

H According to the Golfing Registry, the odds of two golfers hitting a ball directly from the tee into the cup on the same hole are roughly 1 in 17 million. That is exactly what happened, however, when Louis Whitener and his 13-year-old son, Zach, played together on Father’s Day at the River Golf Club in Richmond. Louis said of the achievement, ‘It’s probably going to be one of the most memorable things we accomplish together. We were just speechless. I’m glad we had a witness, though, or nobody would ever have believed us.’

J Cyclists taking part in the renowned 88-mile Corndale race were faced with additional challenges this year after organisers discovered that tacks had been scattered on parts of the course, causing punctures to several race bikes. While affected cyclists did resume racing after emergency roadside repairs, roads remained closed for some time afterwards to ensure all tacks had been removed. This resulted in considerable traffic congestion and lengthy delays.

I A 45 year-old man sustained multiple fractures when he was unable to avoid cycling straight over a deep pothole in a road, the B342, in the West Sussex village of Milland. The man fell from his bicycle and sustained multiple injuries when he was run over by an oncoming vehicle. The man is now considering a personal injury claim against the local council for failure to maintain the road properly. Over a dozen complaints had already been lodged about the state of the B342, at the time of the incident.

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 5 of 14

Section R3 (10 marks) Read the following sentences and write ONE word only in each gap. 1. I didn’t press ‘save’ and lost all the work, so it’s back to square

____________________ I’m afraid.

2. I heard it on the _______________________ that she’s leaving the company.

3. I’m sure I’ll work it out. It’s not ___________________ science, is it?

4. There isn’t a shadow of a ________________ in my mind that he’s innocent.

5. He was lucky. He passed the exam by the skin of his __________________.

6. We stayed in a lovely guest house, off the beaten _______________________.

7. Now that the hard part’s over, it’s all plain _______________________ from here.

8. The team risked life and _______________________ to rescue the climbers.

9. Sam and her neighbour get on like a _______________________ on fire.

10. Every _______________________ has a silver lining.

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 6 of 14

Section W2 Use of English (sentence transformation) (10 marks) Write a new sentence which is as close to the meaning of the given sentence as possible, using the word or phrase given. You may not change the word or phrase in any way. 1. We have the same conversation every year.

(in, year)

2. We’ll have to get by with what we’ve got.

(muddle)

3. James is an expert on everything except politics.

(exception)

4. Now that Simon has broken his toe, will he be able to drive?

(affected by)

5. We all need to support him on this one.

(behind)

6. He really doesn’t appreciate what we do for him.

(granted)

7. He always blames other people.

(buck)

8. We were all surprised when he arrived.

(His)

9. You should not show this document to the staff for any reason.

(Under)

10. People think he is the best artist of his generation.

(considered)

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 7 of 14

Section W3 Writing For Results (15 marks) Write an email of about 80-100 words in response to each of the following situations, A and B.

A. You recently held your birthday party in a reception room of The South Gate Hotel. You were not, however, satisfied with the service you received and would like some of your money back. Write your email to the manager.

B. A new family has moved in next door to you. While you are on first name terms, you do not know them well. Over the past few weeks they have had several parties, and you have decided to complain, although you do not wish to alienate them. Write your email.

Email A Email B

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To:

From:

Date & Subject:

To:

From:

Date & Subject:

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 8 of 14

Section R4 Read this passage about a sharing economy and answer all the questions in your own words.

The Rise of the Sharing Economy

There is intense anxiety about the way consumption has come to dominate and define the contemporary world, demanding high fossil fuel inputs in return for destabilising carbon emissions and excessive amounts of waste, not to mention the psychological impacts of so much "stuff". In 2000, worldwide private consumption expenditures (the amount spent on goods and services at a household level) topped $20 trillion, a four-fold increase since 1960. Short-term thinking argues that consumption is good for the global economy. However, the financial implications of ecological degradation are increasingly being recognised.

And so, out of abundance rises an opportunity in the form of collaborative consumption, a social and economic system made possible by network technologies that moves away from the old industrial economy and enables the sharing and exchange of all kinds of assets. While sharing goods has always been a common practice among friends and neighbours, in recent years, the concept of sharing has moved from a community practice into a profitable business model. This increasing legitimacy is reflected in the more polished terms used to describe the phenomenon: collaborative consumption can be termed as peer-to-peer (P2P) networks or the access economy. From Wikipedia to Streetbank, peer-to-peer activity is making waves, harnessing the power of local communities to build a more financially and ecologically sustainable future on a scale never before possible.

Marketplaces for unused goods are nothing new, as thriving second-hand stores demonstrate. What’s changing is the way in which digital platforms are enhancing the efficiency of those marketplaces and facilitating sharing across them in a world where more than 2.3 billion people are now online. By connecting people in unprecedented ways, web platforms are establishing access to a huge audience for underused goods and enabling people to distribute those goods, thus creating job opportunities at the same time. These peer-to-peer activities redefine traditional forms of ownership, lending and renting, establishing a strong affinity to the idea of shared access to goods, including amongst strangers. Take car-sharing: cars are financially and ecologically expensive, both in manufacture and day-to-day use. As dense urban streets clog up and parking space prices rocket, it makes sense to spread those costs amongst users. The best way to coordinate that is technology-driven peer-communities to connect sharers. What makes such sharing possible is trust, in both the web-platform mediating the exchange and in the inevitable human interaction that such sharing entails. Far from replacing face-to-face interaction, digital technologies facilitate innovative and resource-conscious ways of bringing people together. Trust can then be built up through rating systems, instilling reputation as a key requisite to further sharing.

From an economic perspective, it could also be argued that sharing is adding to the output of a country, if in a small and unmeasured way. GDP measures items bought rather than the use of the items/activity purchased. While Government and policy makers obsess over GDP data, any serious economist should agree that an efficient economy is one in which the resources are deployed well, and where output is useful.

So what can peer-to-peer activity bring to the twenty-first century table where the feast is diminishing and what’s left is meted out so unevenly? The answer is a sharing economy. Some advocates wax philosophical that this emerging sharing economy has come about because society has collectively arrived at a more altruistic place in our evolution: we don’t all need to own power drills or chainsaws – since most owners only get a few minutes of use out of them a year. Others simply attribute it to trying financial times forcing us to re-evaluate the way we interact with one another and with the resources we have at hand. Whether it is a monetary or social paradigm shift, the access economy is surely the way forward.

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 9 of 14

Section R4 Part One (10 marks) Replace these phrases or words with other phrases or words of your own so that the article still reads correctly, both grammatically and in the sense of what is said. The words or phrases are all underlined in the article so that you can find their context easily. One of them has been done for you as an example. There may be more than one way of answering; answer the way you think best.

a. topped: e.g. exceeded, surpassed

b. ecological degradation:

c. abundance:

d. polished terms:

e. making waves:

f. clog up:

g. requisite:

h. the feast is diminishing:

i. meted out:

j. altruistic:

k. paradigm:

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 10 of 14

Section R4 Part Two (10 marks) Summarise in no more than 150 words the benefits of a sharing economy, as described in the passage. You may use the space below to make notes. These notes are for your own use and are not marked by the examiner. Write your finished summary on the next page.

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Write your summary here:

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Section W4 Writing (20 marks) Use your own ideas, the notes below, and, if you wish, facts and ideas from the article in the reading paper, to write a structured composition of between 300 and 350 words on the following topic: Inventions, designs and symbols, literary or artistic works such as novels, music and films, are all examples of Intellectual Property. Intellectual Property law, in which owners have exclusive rights to their ‘creations’, are wrong in principal and unworkable in practice. Discuss. • Ideas cannot be owned • Humanity's greatness lies in the continuous building of a bank of knowledge • Society’s interests outweigh interests of the individual/corporate owner • The creator should be compensated for their work • Compensation will foster a creative society • Creators ethically deserve reward for their contribution to society • Protection has been made impossible due to easy reproduction • Difficulty in prosecution of law breakers

You may use this space for rough notes. These are for your own use and are not marked by the examiner.

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Write your composition here:

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Masters (C2) Reading & Writing Paper 4SR110CC13 Page 14 of 14

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