Angat Watershed Reservation Part 1

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National Power Corporation

NG TW TERSHEDRESERVATION

W TERSHE M N GEMENT P N

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENTPro tec t i on Rehab i l i t a t ion Division

Resources Development Division


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Introductionll areas whose drained waters from rain converge to a river or stream constitute thewatershed for that given river. The watershed may be viewed as a land-based ecosystemwith adefined area of land, with its own characteristic climate, water resources, and sustaininga given population of plants, animals, and people. The area may be considered as a wholeunit with interacting factors whereby modifications (either natural or man-made) could beintroduced. From the human point of view, the main fjnction of awatershed is the productionof acontinuous water supply that would maintain the life forms within it and in the area fed byits stream

Notwithstanding the number of dams, both large and small, and reservoirs constructed in manyparts of the country, the Philippines still suffers from worsening droughts, water shortages andfloods. Hydrologist?, foresters, ecologists, and even government planners attribute theseconditions to forest destruction, or what we call as deforestation and forest denudation.

n response to the present day watershed problems in the country, sound watershedmanagement techniques are very necessary. Watershed management planning is therefore,imperative in the development stage of a particular project. Watershed management is theprocess of guiding and organizing land and other resource uses on a watershed to provide

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^>^^^^^^^^^^^^gggjg desired goods and services without adversely affecting soil, water, and other natural

resources. Watershed management involves multiple natural resources and requiresunderstanding of the relationships among land use, soil, and water, and the linkages betweenuplands and downstream areas. Hence, the development of a watershed management planneeds to integrate the biophysical, social, and economic factors to ensure that the project willbe:

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1. Technically sound, i.e., the practices that are being recommended will achieve the physicaland biological outcomes that are desired;

2. Accepted socially, i.e., watershed inhabitants and agencies involved see the project asdesirable;

3. Economically feasible, both from the standpoint of society as i vthole, and from thestandpoint of individuals and agencies involved, and;

4. Environmentally sound, i.e., there are no unwanted impacts on the environment, such asreduction in biological diversity, destruction of downstream aquatic systems and otherchanges that may come about indirectly as a result of project implementation.

This watershed management plan covers the Angat Watershed Reservation which wasestablished by virtue of Proclamation No. 71 issued by then Governor General Leonard Woodon March 10, 1927. The Watershed was tapped as the major source of potable water forMetro Manila through the Ipo Dam constructed at the Angat River in San Lorenzo, Bulacan.Proclamation No. 505 signed by then President Diosdado Macapagal on December 4, 1965,amended the above Proclamation which reserved for watershed purposes a certain parcel of

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^^ ed^m^^z^^^^^a^ ^^land of the public domain situated in the municipalities of Montalban, San Juan del Monte,Norzagaray, Angat, San Rafael, Peharanda and Infanta, Provinces of Rizal, Bulacan, NueVaEcija and Quezon, by transferring the administration thereof to the National Power Corporation.n addition, Proclamation No. 599 reserves for the Angat River Project of the National PowerCorporation a certain parcel of the public domain situated partly in the Municipality ofNorzagaray, and partly in the municipality of San Jose, Province of Bulacan, Island of Luzonsigned by Carlos P. Garcia on June 23,1959.

The Angat Watershed Reservation has a total area of 62,309 hectares in two sub-catchmentareas: the Angat Watershed Pilot Reserve on Forest Range and Watershed Management,covering an area of 6,600 hectares, the water from which drains into Ipo Dam; and AngatWatershed Metropolitan Water District with an area of 55,709.095 hectares which drains intothe Angat Dam. The effective drainage area of the Reservation is 56,800 hectares (568square kilometers).

The landscape is mountainous, covering the north-south trending volcanic ranges in theeastern portion of Bulacan Province. Approximately rinety percent 55,910 ha) of the totalarea is vegetated. Dipterocarp old growth forest covers about fifty-eight percent (58 ) of thecatchment, dipterocarp residual forest eighteen percent (18 ), mossy forest about five percent5 ) and sub-marginal forest six percent (6 ), plantation and brushland amount to threepercent (3 ) and other categories from (open areas, water surface, cultivation and villages)account for ten percent 10 ).

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Angat Watershed Reservation Part 1

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