AndyFosterCFI-S Light Sport Aircraft SyllabusGeneric · transition to Light Sport aircraft. Lesson...
Transcript of AndyFosterCFI-S Light Sport Aircraft SyllabusGeneric · transition to Light Sport aircraft. Lesson...
Andy Foster, CFI-S, Light Sport Aircraft Syllabus (Generic)
Revised April 27, 2019
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Introduction
“AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabusCatalogue”containstheflighttraininglessonsthatcomposetheStudentPilotLightSport,TransitioningSportPilotTraining,andCTSWPinchHittersyllabusesIuse.TheStudentPilotLightSportTrainingSyllabusincludesthe“normal”lessonflowandassumesthestudentwillprocureandexecutehisowngroundlessontrainingfortheSportPilotKnowledgeTest.TheGroundLessonTrainingFlowpresentsallthegermanematerialwhiletheIntegratedLessonFlowcombinesthegroundlessonsandflightlessonsintoamatchedset.TheTransitioningSportPilotlessonflowcoversflightandaircraftsystemslessonsnecessarytoensureanalreadycertificatedpilotperformsasafetransitiontoLightSportaircraft.
LessonplansinthisflowhavebeendevelopedasrecommendedbytheFAA’sAviationInstructorHandbookanduseRodMachado’s“SportPilotHandbook”asthe“master”reference.FlightlessonsalsoreferencematerialfromtheGleimSportPilotSyllabus,theFAA’s“AirplaneFlyingHandbook”,“ThePilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge”,theFederalAviationRegulations,the“Airman’sInformationManual”,the“GleimSportPilotFlightManeuversandPracticalTestPrep”,the“GleimPilotHandbook”,andGleim“SportPilotKnowledgeTests”.Groundlessonsreferencethesamematerialasaboveandincludematerialfrom“AviationWeather”.Aircraftsysteminformationispulledfromtheaircraft’sPilot’sOperatingHandbookand/ormanufacturer’smanuals.
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Table of Contents
Student Pilot Light Sport Syllabus……………………………………………………………………….…… 6 FAAStudentRequirements,SportPilotCertificationRequirements,
Expectations,HowtoUsetheReferences
LSA Flight Training Flow…………………….………..……………………………….……………………………. 8 FlightLesson1:IntroductiontoFlight....…….………………………………………………………..10
FlightLesson2:FundamentalsofFlight………………………………………………………………13
FlightLesson3:SlowFlight,Stalls,andSpins…………………………………………………....…15
FlightLesson4:SteepTurnsandGroundReferenceManeuvers….………………………18
FlightLesson5:Landings,Slips,andGo-Arounds…...…………………………………………....20
FlightLesson6:EmergencyOperations……………………………………………………………....22
FlightLesson7:Review………………………………………………………………………………………24
FlightLesson8:ProficiencyLesson#1/Pre-SoloPractice……………………………………..26
FlightLesson9:ProficiencyLesson#2/Solo………………………………………………………..27
FlightLesson10:ShortandSoft-FieldTakeoffsandLandings………………………………28
FlightLesson11:SecondSupervisedSolo……………………………………………………………30
FlightLesson12:DualCross-Country………………………………………………………………….31
FlightLesson13:IntroductiontoControlbyInstruments..………………………………......34
FlightLesson14:SoloCrossCountry…………………………………………………………………..36
FlightLesson15:ManeuversReview/PTSPrep#1……………………………………………...37
FlightLesson16:StudentSoloPractice/PTSPrep……………………………………………….39
FlightLesson17:ManeuverReview/PTSPrep#2……………………………………………….40
FlightLesson18:SoloPractice#2/PTSPrep(Optional)………………………………………..42
FlightLesson19:FinalPTSCheck……………………………………………………………………….43
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LSA Ground School Training Flow…………………………...………………………………………..………44 GroundLesson1:LightSportPilot,Airplane,andPearlandAirportBasics……………45
GroundLesson2:AirplanesandAerodynamics…………………………………………………...48
GroundLesson3:AirplaneInstruments………………………………………………………………50
GroundLesson4:AirplaneEnginesandSystems…………………………………………………51
GroundLesson5:AirplanePerformanceandWeightandBalance………………………..53
GroundLesson6:Airports………………………………………………………………………………….55
GroundLesson7:Airspace…………………………………………………………………………………56
GroundLesson8:FAR’sPart1through71…………………………………………………………..58
GroundLesson9:FAR’sPart91.3thru91.131…………………………………………………….59
GroundLesson10:FAR’s91.151thru91.417,NTSB830……………………………………..60
GroundLesson11:ChartsandAirspace………………………………………………………………61
GroundLesson12:AviationWeather………………………………………………………………….62
GroundLesson13:WeatherServices…………………………………………………………………..63
GroundLesson14:NavigationandPreflightPreparation……………………………………..65
GroundLesson15:AeromedicalFactorsandAeronauticalDecisionMaking…………67
GroundLesson16:KnowledgeTestPrep…………………………………………………………….69
Integrated LSA Training Flow (Description)……………………………………………………………….70
Transitioning Pilot Training Flow (Description)………………………………………………………….71
FlightLesson1:Basicairplaneoperations…………………………………………………………..72
FlightLesson2:Landings,Go-Arounds,andSlips………………………………………………...75
FlightLesson3:EmergencyOperations………………………………………………………………77
FlightLesson4:Cross-CountryOperations………………………………………………………….79
FlightLesson5:TransitionCheck………………………………………………………………………..82
LSA Pinch Hitter Course……………………………………………………..…………………………………….83 GroundLesson1:FundamentalsofFlightandtheLSA……………………………………...…83
GroundLesson2:ScenarioWalkthrough………………………………………………………….....86
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CTSW Pinch Hitter Course (continued) FlightLesson1:MasteringtheBasics………………………………………………………………88
FlightLesson2:BasicMasteryoftheScenario…………………………………………………90
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Student Pilot Light Sport Syllabus ThefollowinglessonplanscomprisetheStudentPilotLightSportSyllabus.
FAAStudentPilotRequirements
Beforeastudentcanbegintraining,heorshemust:
(1) Beatleast16yearsofage(FAR61.83)butcannotbecertifiedasaSportPilotuntilhe/sheis17yearsofage;
(2) Beabletowrite,read,andunderstandEnglish;(3) ObtainaThirdClassmedicalorpossessaUSDriver’sLicense(beforesolo)
SportPilotCertificationRequirements
TomeettherequirementsforaLightSportPilotrating,thestudentmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:
20hrsofflighttimeincluding15fromanauthorizedinstructorinasingleengineairplaneandatleast5hoursofsoloflighttrainingintheareasofoperationin:
(a) 2hoursofcross-country-flighttraining(b) 10takeoffsandlandingstoafullstop(eachoneinvolvingflightinthetraffic
patternatanairport)(c) onesolocross-countryofatleast75nauticalmilestotaldistancewithafull
stoplandingataminimumoftwopointsandonesegmentoftheflightconsistingofastraight-linedistanceof25nmbetweenthetakeoffandlandinglocation;
(d) and2hoursofflighttrainingonthoseareasofoperationsspecifiedin61.311preparingforthepracticaltestwithin60daysbeforethedateofthetest.
a. PreflightPreparation(seePTS)b. PreflightProcedures(SeePTS)c. Airportoperations(communications,patterns,signage,lighting,etc.)d. Takeoffs,landings,andgo-arounds(normal,shortfield,softfield)e. Performancemaneuvers(Steepturns)f. Groundreferencemaneuvers(Rectangularcourse,S-turns,turns
aroundapoint)g. Navigation(pilotage,DR,diverts,lostprocedures)h. Slowflight(maneuvering)i. Stalls(power-on,power-off,spinawareness)j. EmergencyOperations(engineout,systemsmalfunctions,emergency
equipment,survivalgear)k. Post-flightprocedures(afterlanding,shutdown,tiedown)
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Expectations
Flyingisfun,andIwilldoeverythingIcantomakesureyouhaveagoodtime!Thatsaid,flyingmustbeapproachedseriouslyforyourownsafetyandthesafetyofthosearoundyou.Iexpectyoutoexercisegoodjudgment,prepareforlessons,andbeontime.Ifyou’regoingtobelate,justgivemeacallandletmeknow.Mosttimes,you’llsimplygetalatestartbutyouareexpectedtobeaccountableandnotmakethepersonscheduledforalessonbehindyoubecomelate,also.Also,weknowallthisisnew,sodon’tbeafraidtoaskaboutanythingyouhaveadoubtabout.
KeepinmindthattheFAArequirementsaretheminimumrequirementsnecessaryfortheratingandmostpeopletakeslightlylongertogetreadyfortheirPracticalTest.Budgetyourtimeandmoneyaccordingly.FlighttimeisrecordedbyaHobbsmeterintheairplanebutinstructortimeisdeterminedbythetotalclocktimetheinstructorhasbeeninvolvedwiththestudent,includingprebriefanddebrieftimes.
Iurgeeverystudenttoflyatleasttwiceaweekandmoreiftheycandoit.Themoreyoufly,thelessoveralltimeittendstotake...andthelessoverallexpenseyouwillincur…beforeyougetyourrating.Flyingonceaweekorlessusuallymeansabouthalfthenextlessonisoftenspentgettingbackuptospeed,i.e.,whereyouwerewhenyouleftoff.Likewise,evenifyoudoyourowngroundschooling,thereismaterialtostudybeforeeachflightlesson.Ifyoudon’t,youcanexpecttheinstructortospendmoretimemakingsureyouunderstandtheelementsofwhatyouareabouttolearnintheair,costingyoumoremoney.Beingaspreparedforeachlessonasyoucanbewillnotonlymakethelessonmoreenjoyablebutwillsaveyoumoney.MakeMattressMackproud.
HowtoUsetheReferences
EachLessonPlanlistsreferencesthatdetailtheknowledgerequiredforeach.ThatknowledgeandmorewillbenecessarytoflysafelyandpasstheFAASportPilotKnowledgeTest.Studentsmayuseanytrainingmaterialbyotherauthorsororganizationsastheywish,andIwillbehappytositdownwithyoutohelpyoufindtheappropriatematerialinyourownmaterialforeachlesson,ifneeded.
ThegroundschoollessonsintheIntegratedFlowcoverallthesubjectareasneededfortheflightlessonsandtopasstheFAAKnowledgeTest.UsingtheIntegratedFlowalsohastheadvantageoffillinginthosedayswhentheweatherkeepsusonthegroundthoughithasthedisadvantageofbeingmoreexpensive.Usewhateverapproachandtrainingflowisbestforyou.
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LSA-A Flight Training Flow ThistrainingflowisdesignedforstudentswhodesiretoperformtheirowngroundschoolingfortheSportPilotrating.Applicablereadingmaterialnecessarytoprepareforeachlessonislistedoneachflightlessonplan.ThesereferencesmayincludematerialfromRodMachado’s“SportPilotHandbook”,GleimSportPilotmaterials,theFederalAviationRegulations,theAirplaneFlyingHandbook(FAA),thePilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,orothermaterials.Useanyreferenceyouwishtocoversystemsandaeronauticalknowledge;IrecommendusingTheAirplaneFlyingHandbookwhentryingtounderstandhowtoactuallyflyanymaneuvers.Thelistingsforeachlessoncoverthemostessentialinformationnecessarytomasteralessonbutmaynotincludeeverysubjectnecessaryforbestprogress.Thestudentisexpectedtostudywhatevermaterialisnecessarytounderstandeverysubject;ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutwhatelseyoumayneedtostudy,pleaseseeme.
Therearenineteenlessonsinthistrainingflow.Severalofthelessonsmaycontainversions“A”,“B”,“C”,etc.,whichmeansthatextratime(lessons)maybescheduledatthediscretionoftheinstructor.Alessondesignatorfollowedbyan“X”isanoptionallessonthatwouldbenefitthestudentbutisnotrequiredaspartofthenormalFAAflow.Studentsareencouragedtotaketheextralessoniftheycanordesireto.Thatsaid,ifastudenthasmasteredtherequiredmaterialearlierthanscheduledandwishestotakethematerialcoveredinanoptionalcourse,theinstructormayincludethatmaterialinaregularlessonifagreedtobyboththestudentandinstructor.
Eachlessoncontainsanestimateofthetimerequiredtocompleteit.Thetotaltimetocompletethetrainingflowforanaveragepilotisestimatedtobe31.0hrs.Theactualtimewillvaryfromstudenttostudent.
TheFlightLessonflowconsistsofthefollowinglessons:
FlightLesson1:IntroductiontoFlightFlightLesson2:FundamentalsofFlightFlightLesson3:SlowFlight,Stalls,andSpinsFlightLesson4:SteepTurnsandGroundReferenceManeuversFlightLesson5:IntroductiontoLandings,Slips,andGoAroundsFlightLesson6:EmergencyOperationsFlightLesson7:ReviewFlightLesson8:ProficiencyLesson#1/Pre-SoloPracticeFlightLesson9:ProficiencyLesson#2/SoloFlightLesson10:ShortandSoft-FieldTakeoffsandLandingsFlightLesson11:SecondSupervisedSoloFlightLesson12:DualCross-CountryFlightLesson13:IntroductiontoAircraftControlbyInstrumentsFlightLesson14:SoloCrossCountryFlightLesson15:ManeuversReview/PracticalTestStandards(PTS)Prep#1FlightLesson16:StudentSoloPractice/PTSPrep(Optional)
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FlightLesson17:ManeuverReview/PTSPrep#2FlightLesson18:SoloPractice#2/PTSPrep(Optional)FlightLesson19:FinalPTSCheck
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Flight Lesson 1: Introduction to Flight (1.5 hrs.) Objective:Tointroducethestudenttobasicairplaneoperationandcontrols,theuseofchecklistsandcockpitdiscipline,thelocalarea(includingthepracticearea),andtheairport.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:ChapterOne,GettingtoKnowYourAirplane;ChapterTwop2-1thru2-13,2-25thru2-40;ChapterThree,Engines:KnowledgeofEnginesisPower;Aircraft’sPilot’sOperatingHandbook
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,“FlightSafetyPractices,p1-4thru1-7;VisualInspectionp2-1thru2-6;GroundOperationsp2-7thru2-12
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter2,AircraftStructure;Chapter3,PrinciplesofFlight
GleimSportFlightManeuvers,ChapterII,PreflightProcedures
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnitOne,AirplanesandAerodynamics
Content:1. Preflightingtheairplane
a. Howtoperformb. WhyIt’sImportant
2. Start-Upa. Settingupthestart/SinglePilotResourceManagement
3. Taxia. Studentintroduction/demosb. Useofcontrols
4. BeforeTakeoffa. Properenginerun-upandaircraftcheckoutb. Properlookout/visualcheckc. Useofradios
5. Takeoff(Noflaps)a. Positioninganduseofcontrols
6. Climba. Maintainingproperattitude/speed/runwayalignmentb. Flapreconfigurationc. Maintaininglookout/collisionavoidance
7. Level-Offa. Howtoperformb. Flapreconfigurationc. Settingpowerandattituded. Lookout/SituationalAwareness(includesairspaceawareness)e. Radiomanagement
8. FlighttoPracticeAreaa. Settingstraightandlevelflight
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b. Flyingaheadingc. Lookout/SA
9. IntroductiontoBasicflightcontrolsandtrima. Pitchfornose/airspeedb. Aileronsforrollc. Rudderforyawd. Coordinatedturns,slips,andskids
i. Explanationofeachii. Howtoperform
e. Climbsi. Discussionofpitchandpowerii. Instructordemonstrates/studentintroduction
f. Descentsi. Discussionofpitchandpowerii. Instructordemonstrates/studentintroduction
10. Returntohomebasea. Instructorcoachesstudentonhowtoperformb. Studentfliesasinstructordirectsc. Weathercheck/radioset-up
11. Flyingthepatterna. Instructorexplainseachlegandhowtoflyit.b. Instructordemonstratesandapproachandlanding(noflaps)with
student“on-stick”;landandtaxibackunlessoutoftime;c. Ondownwind,givetostudentifappropriateandlethimflythe
approach;otherwise,lethimfollowyouthrough;instructorlandwithnoflaps;fullstop
12. Rollouta. Instructordemonstrates.
13. Taxibacka. Studentperforms.
14. Shutdowna. Instructordemonstrates.
15. Post-Shutdowna. Instructordemonstrates.
16. Debriefa. CollaborativeAssessmentb. DiscussnextLesson;askstudenttostudystraightandlevel,turns,
climbs,anddescentsinAFHandairportmarkingsinAIM
CompletionStandardsThelessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudentcanexplainthenecessityforthepreflightandhowtoexecuteit;(2) thestudentcanexplainthepurposeofbasicflightcontrols(ailerons,
stabilator,rudder,flaps,trim),whataxiseachcontrols,andhowtoutilizetheminflightandontheground;and
(3) thestudentcanexplaintheuseofthrottleandbrake;and
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(4) thestudentcanexplaintheuseoftheBRS,itsbasiclimitations,andhowtoutilizeit(ifequipped).
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Flight Lesson 2: Fundamentals of Flight (1.3 hrs.)
Objective:Todevelopthestudent’sskillsinthefourfundamentalsofflight,i.e.,straight-and-level,turns,climbs,descents,andflapmanagementforthesemaneuvers.Thestudentwillbeintroducedtoradiocommunicationprocedures,airportmarkings,andtrafficpatterns.
References:RoadMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:ChapterTwo,p2-28thru2-40;ChapterSeven,AirportOperations,p7-1thru7-18,p7-27(TaxinginaCrosswind);ChapterEight,p8-1thru8-16
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter3,BasicFlightManeuvers
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter4,AerodynamicsofFlight,p4-1thru4-23
GleimSportFlightManeuvers,ChapterII,PreflightProcedures
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnitOne,AirplanesandAerodynamics
Content:1. Preflight,Start-Up,andTaxi(Review)
a. Instructorpointsoutandexplainsrunwaysigns/markings2. BeforeTakeoffchecklist
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary3. Takeoff(noflaps)(New)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary.4. Climbout(New)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary5. Level-off(New)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary6. Climbout(New)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary7. LevelOff(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessaryb. StudentfliestoPracticeArea(instructorcoaches)c. Levelturns(studentperforms/instructorcoaches)d. Climbs(studentperforms/instructorcoaches)e. Descents(studentperforms/instructorcoaches)f. Leveloffs(studentperforms/instructorcoaches)
8. IntroductiontoSlowFlighta. Instructordemonstratesslowingtoapproachspeedb. Instructorexplainsuseofflapsandpowerc. Studentexplainshowtoslowtoapproachspeed.d. Studentexplainshowtorecovertocruisespeed.e. Studentperformslevelflightslowdowntoapproachspeed.f. Studentperformsreturntocruise.
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g. Repeatastimepermits/necessary.9. Returntohomebase
a. Studentflies/instructorcoachesb. InstructorexplainsPatternentryc. Checklistsd. Lookout
10. Patterna. StudentperformsentryintoDownwind.b. Studentslowstopatternspeed.(Thisapproachwillbewithnoflaps.)c. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughbase(bestglidespeed)d. Studentfliesdownwindandbase
11. Approacha. Instructordemonstrateshowtosetupfinalapproach.b. Instructordemonstratesuseofpowerandnosec. Instructorillustrateshowtotellwhereyouareflyingtod. Instructordiscussesproperrunwayalignmente. Instructordemonstratescrosswindlandingmanagement(ifable)
12. Flaretotouchdowna. Instructordemonstratesproperflareandtouchdown(noflaps)
13. InstructordemonstratesTouchandGo14. Goaroundthepatternwiththestudentonthestick(orletthemflyabove
500feetAGL,asjudgmentdictates).15. Studentperformsdownwind,base,andfinalapproach.16. InstructortakesoverNLT300feetAGLandperformslanding.17. InstructordemonstratescrossingHoldShort
a. Stopsairplane,studentresumestaxi.18. Taxi
a. Studentperformstaxiback/instructorcoaches19. ShutdownandPost-Flight
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoachesasnecessary20. Debrief
a. Critiqueb. Nextlessonwillbeslowflight,stalls,andspins(discussiononly).
CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudentcanexplaintheforcesoflift,weight,thrust,anddragandhowtheairplanesgeneratesthoseforces;
(2) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtoandallowedtoperformstraight-and-levelflight,climbs,descents,andshallowandmediumbankedturns;
(3) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtoandhasoperatedtheaircraftcommunicationsandnavigationalequipmentforthefirsttime;
(4) thestudentcanexplainhowtoflytoandfromthepracticearea,howtoapproachtheairport,anddemonstratesabasicabilitytoflydownwind,base,andfinalapproachlegs.
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Flight Lesson 3: Slow Flight, Stalls, and Spins (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:Todemonstrateandhavethestudentperformatransitiontoslowflight,shallowbankedturnswhileinslowflight,slowflightrecoverytocruise;power-on(takeoff)stalltechniquesandrecovery;power-off(landing)stalltechniquesandrecovery;andtodiscussspinsandspinrecoverytechniques,includingemergencyparachutedeployment.Additionally,thestudentistomakehis/herfirstattemptsat(oractual)landing.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook,p2-14thru2-20,p2-30thrup2-37,p2-46.
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter4,SlowFlight,StallsandSpins
Pilot’sHandbookofAviationKnowledge,Chapter4,AerodynamicsofFlight,AircraftDesignCharacteristicsp4-12thru4-19;Stalls,p4-22thru4-23,
GleimSportFlightManeuversHandbook,ChapterVIII,SlowFlightandStalls
GleimPilotHandbook,Sec1.2,StallsandSpins,p.72-78
Pilot’sOperatingHandbook(stalls,spins);BRSManual(ifequipped)
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques2. Takeoff(New)
a. Instructordemo:normalflapconfigurationtakeoff3. ClimbOut(New)
a. Instructordemo:normalflapconfigurationclimbout4. LevelOff(New)
a. Instructordemo:normalflapconfigurationleveloffb. Handofftostudent
5. CruisetoPracticeArea(New)a. StudentPerforms/instructorcritiquesb. Instructorperformsstability/trimdemoc. Studentperformsstabilitydemo/trim
6. SlowFlight(above1500ftAGL)(New)a. StudentstellsInstructorhowtoslowto55knots/Instructorperformsb. Instructordemonstratesanddiscussesslowflightat5knotsabove
stall.(cross-controls,dragcurve,useofpower)c. Instructordemonstratesrecoverytocruised. Studentperforms/instructorcoaches(repeatasnecessary,vary
turns)7. TakeoffStalls(Power-OnStalls)(New)
a. Instructorsetsupscenarioanddemonstratespower-onstall;b. Instructorrecoversandclimbs300feet;c. Studentperformspower-onstall.d. Studentrepeats;instructormayvarybyexecutinginaturn.
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e. Repeatasnecessary8. LandingStalls(Power-OffStalls)(New)
a. Instructorsetsupaircraftanddemonstratespower-offstall(straightahead)
b. Studentperformspower-offstallstraight-aheadc. Studentperformspower-offstallinaturnd. Repeatasnecessary
9. Spins(New)a. Discussionofwhatisaspin/howyougetinitb. Differencebetweenaspinandaspiralc. Recoveryforeachd. Worstcase:BRS!(ifequipped)
10. ReturntoHomeBase(Review)a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques
11. Pattern(Review)a. Studentperformsentry,downwind,baseandfinal
12. Landing(New)a. Studentperformsdownwind,base,andfinal.Instructordemonstrates
finalflareandtouchdown.Instructortaxisbackashediscussesself-critiqueofhislanding.
b. Studentperformsnormalflapconfigurationtakeoffandfliescrosswind,downwind,base,andfinal.Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
c. Instructordemonstratesfullstoplanding.Studentcritiquesduringtaxiback.
d. Studentperformsnormalflapconfigurationtakeoff.Studentfliesdownwind,base,andfinalwithnoflaps.
e. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughfirst(zerodegreeflaplanding).f. Iftimepermits,repeat.
13. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques
14. Debrief(Review)a. CollaborativeAssessmentb. NextLessonwillbeSteepTurnsandGroundReferenceManeuvers
CompletionStandardsThelessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtonormalflapconfigurationtakeoffs;(2) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtoandhasperformedslowflightentry,low
flighthandling,andexecutedarecoverytocruisingflight;(3) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtoandhasperformedpower-onandpower-
offstallentriesandrecoveries;(4) thestudentcanexplainwhataspinisandhowtorecoverfromaspin
(includinguseoftheemergencyparachutesystem,ifequipped):
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(5) thestudenthasdemonstratedstraight-and-levelflightwithin+300feet,safeshallowand/ormediumbankedturns,andbasicsofcoordinatedflight(nounsafeskidsorslips);
(6) thestudenthashandledallradiocommunicationsandnavigationaltasks(withcoachingasnecessary);
(7) thestudentdemonstratedthathe/sheunderstoodandflewthedownwind,base,andfinalapproachphase;
(8) andthestudentwasintroducedtotheflareandfinallanding(i.e.,wascoachedthroughhis/herfirstattemptstolandordidland).
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Flight Lesson 4: Steep Turns and Ground Reference Maneuvers (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:Tofamiliarizethestudentwithaircrafthandlingandcontrolduringsteepturns,tointroducethestudenttogroundreferencemaneuversandtheeffectsofwindwhilecontrollinganaircraftclosetotheground,andreviewpreviousmaneuversandtechniquesasdesired.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook,p2-18,p2-44thru2-46
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,LevelTurns,p3-7thru3-13;Chapter6,GroundReferenceManeuvers,p6-1thru6-9(stopbefore“ElementaryEights);Chapter7,AirportTrafficPatterns;Chapter8,ApproachesandLandings,p8-1thru8-17(stopbefore“ShortFieldApproachandLanding)
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter13,AirportOperations
GleimSportFlightManeuvers,ChapterVI,GroundReferenceManeuvers;PartII/ChapterV,SteepTurns,p.186-190
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,andBeforeTakeoff(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques2. Takeoff,Climbout,andLevelOff(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques3. SteepTurns(New)
a. Instructordiscussesaircraftconfiguration/G-limits(flapsdependent)b. ClearingTurns/Lookout/SAc. InstructordemonstratesoneSteepTurn(360degrees)d. Studenttellsinstructorhowtoperformsteepturn/instructor
performse. Studentperformssteepturnf. Repeatasnecessary;performbothdirectionsg. Instructordiscussesacceleratedstall
4. RectangularPattern(New)a. Instructordemonstratespattern,discussingwindeffectsb. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques
5. S-turns(New)a. InstructorDemonstrateshowtofly,discussingwindeffectsb. StudenttellsInstructorhowtofly/Instructorperformsandcritiquesc. StudentperformsS-turns/Instructorcritiquesd. Repeatasnecessary/timepermits
6. TurnsAboutaPoint(New)a. Instructordiscussesset-upanddemonstratesonetotheleftb. Studenttellsinstructorhowtoexecute/Instructorperformsand
critiquesc. Studentperformsturnsaboutapoint/Instructorcritiquesd. Repeatasnecessary/timepermits
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7. ReturntoHomeBase,PatternEntry(Review)a. Studentperforms/instructorcoaches
8. FinalApproachandLanding(ReviewandNew)a. Studentperforms/instructorcoaches/fullstopb. Studentfliesentirepatterntodownwind/Instructordemonstratesa
downwind,base,final,andlandingwithflaps.9. AfterLanding,Shutdown,Post-Flight(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques10. Debrief
a. Critiqueb. Landings,Slips,andGo-Aroundsarenext.
CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasdemonstratedabasicabilitytoflysteepturns;(2) thestudenthasdemonstratedabasicabilitytoflyturnsaboutapoint,s-
turnsacrossaroad,andarectangularpatternandcanexplaintheeffectsofwindoneach;
(3) thestudenthasdemonstratedabasicproficiencyattakeoffs,climbs,transittothepracticearea,returnfromthepracticearea,trafficpatternentryandmanagement,andapproachandlanding;
(4) thestudentcanperformabasiclanding(noflaps)withassistance;(5) andthestudenthasbeenintroducedtoalandingwithflaps.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page20
Flight Lesson 5: Landings, Slips, and Go-Arounds (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:Tointroduceastudenttogo-aroundsusingthefullrangeofflapsettings;tointroduceforwardandsideslipsandthepurposeofeach,andtointroducenormalandcrosswindlandingtechniquesusingallflapsettings.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook,p2-31
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter8,ApproachesandLandings,p8-1thru8-17(stopbeforeShortFieldApproachandLanding);FaultyApproachesandLandings,p.8-27thru8-35
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,TakeoffandLandingPerformance,p.10-11thru10-17(stopbeforePerformanceSpeeds);LandingCharts,p10-25,26;AirportLighting,p13-6thru13-9;WindDirectionIndicatorsandTrafficPatterns,p13-10thru13-11;WakeTurbulencep13-15thru13-17;RunwayIncursionAvoidance,p13-18
GleimSportFlightManeuvers,ChapterIVTakeoffs,Landings,andGo-Arounds
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnitThree,Airports,AirTrafficControl,andAirspace
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,andTakeoff(Review)
a. Studentperformsnormalflapconfigurationtakeoff/instructorcoachesasnecessary
2. No-flapsLanding(Review)a. Studentperformsfullstopwithcoaching.Taxi-back.b. Studentfliesentirepatterntoano-flap,fullstoplanding.c. Repeatasnecessary.
3. PerformIntermediateflaplanding(usually15degrees)(New)a. Ondownwind,Instructortakesairplaneanddemonstratesan
intermediateflapapproachandlanding.b. Studentexecutestakeoffandperformsintermediateflapslandingtoa
fullstop.Taxiback.c. Studentfliesfullpatterntoanintermediateflap,fullstop
landing/Instructorcoaches.d. Repeatasnecessary.
4. Performfullflaplanding(New)a. Ondownwind,Instructortakesairplaneanddemonstratesafullflap
flapapproachandlanding.Taxiback.b. Studentexecutestakeoffandperformsfullflaplandingtoafull
stop./Instructorcoaches..c. Repeatasnecessary
5. CrosswindLanding(noflap)(New)a. Instructorposeshypotheticalcrosswind(ifnoneavailable).Coaches
studentthroughdownwind,base,andfinal.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page21
b. Instructordemoscrosswindlandingtechnique(wingdown,oppositerudder).Performsfullstoplanding.
c. Studenttakes-offandfliesdownwind,base,andfinal-talksthroughorexecutes(asconditionsallow)crosswindapproachandlandingtoafullstop.
d. Studentperformsnormalflapconfigurationtakeoff.6. Studentperformslandingwithflaps/fullstop.(Review)
a. Instructorcoachesasnecessary.b. Studentrepeatsasnecessarytolandatallflapsettings.
7. GoAround(New)a. Ondownwind,Instructordiscusseswhya“go-around”mightbe
needed;Instructortakesairplaneanddemonstratesago-aroundfromfinalusingafifteendegreeflapsetting;
b. Instructorgivesstudentairplaneatorabove300ftAGL;tellsstudentheisgoingto“go-around”onhiscall.
c. Setupstudentforalandingwithflaps(full).d. At500feetAGL,Instructorcallsforgoaround.
i. Studentexecutes/instructorcoaches.8. Slips(New)
a. Instructorexplains/demosslipwithnoflaps/performslandingb. Studentperformsslipwithnoflaps/performslandingc. Repeatorgotointermediateflapslip/landing.d. Repeatwithafullflapsliptoalanding.e. Repeat(instructoroption).f. Instructordemossideslipforcrosswinduse/touchandgo.
9. Performlandingsofchoicetoafullstop(Review)a. Studentorinstructorpicksandperforms
10. AfterTaxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques
11. Debriefa. Critique/discussb. EmergencyOperationsarenext
CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletedwhen:
(1) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtocrosswindlandingtechniques;(2) thestudentcansuccessfullyexecutelandingsusingno,intermediate,andfull
flaplandingswithlittleornoassistance;(3) thestudenthassuccessfullyexecutedgo-aroundsfromno,intermediate,and
fullflapsettings;(4) andthestudenthasbeenintroducedtoandexecutedbothforwardandside-
slips.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page22
Flight Lesson 6: Emergency Operations (1.5 hrs.) Objective:Tointroducethestudenttoemergencyoperationsincludingengine-outapproaches,theuseofchecklists,andemergencycommunicationsandnavigationaltechniques.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook,p8-11(TheEmergencyFrequency),p8-13thru8-16
Pilot’sOperatingHandbook(fortheaircraftbeingflown),Emergencies
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,EmergencyApproachesandLandings(Simulated),p8-35thru8-27(stopbeforeFaultyApproachesandLandings);Chapter16,EmergencyProcedures
GleimFlightManeuvers,ChapterIX,EmergencyOperations
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,andLevelOff
(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorCritiques
2. EngineOutProcedures(New)a. Aviate,Navigate,Communicateb. UseofChecklist/Proceduresc. Evaluatelanding/BRS(ifequipped)d. Waveoffat500feet
3. EmergencyDescents(New)a. Instructordiscusseswhyadescentmightbeneeded(fire,weather,
trafficavoidance)b. Instructordemonstratesahigh-speeddescent(aircraftdependent)c. Studentexecutesd. Instructordemonstratesaturning(highbankangle)emergency
descent/discussesrecoveryanddangersofever-steepeningspirale. Studentexecutesf. Factorstoconsider
4. SystemsEmergencies(New)a. Aviate,Navigate,Communicateb. ChecklistProceduresc. Useofradiosandtranspondercodesd. Instructorpicksanemergencyprocedureandhasstudentstep
throughit(includingcallingforassistance).5. UnusualAttitudeRecoveries
a. Instructortakescontrolofaircraft,hasstudentclosehiseyeswhilemaneuveringaircrafttonosehigh,bankedattitude.Hasstudentopeneyesandrecover.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page23
b. Instructortakescontrolofaircraft,hasstudentclosehiseyeswhilemaneuveringaircrafttonoselow,bankedattitude.Hasstudentopeneyesandrecover.
c. Instructorrepeatsasdesired.6. LostProcedures(New)
a. Climbb. Locatec. Communicated. Comply
7. ReturntoHomeBase(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
8. Pattern(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
9. Normallanding/noorintermediateflaps/fullstop(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
10. Normallanding/fullflaps/fullstop(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcoaches
11. EngineOutinPattern/fullstop(New)a. Fromabeam,Instructorpullspowerb. Studentexecutesapproachandlanding/Instructorcoachesc. Takentoafullstop
12. AfterLanding,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques
13. Debriefa. Critique/Discussb. NextlessonwillbeaReview
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudentcandemonstratehe/sheknowstheproperprioritiesinanemergency;
(2) thestudenthasbeenintroducedtoemergencylandings;(3) thestudentcanexplainhowtogainassistanceinanemergencyandwhat
resourcesareavailabletohim/herinflight;(4) andthestudenthasdemonstratedtheabilitytosafelyconductanapproach
andlandtheaircraftwithminimalassistanceinseveralflapconfigurations.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page24
Flight Lesson 7: Review (1.5 hrs) Objectives:Toreviewthefundamentalmaneuversnecessarytopreparethestudentforsoloflight.
References:SeePreviousLessons(1thru6)
RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:p6-12(SoloRequirements)
FAR61.87
Content:Note:Theinstructorwillalsoreviewemergencyproceduresasdesired.
1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,LevelOff(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
2. RectangularPatterns(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
3. S-TurnsAcrossaRoad(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
4. TurnsAboutaPoint(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
5. Climbto2500feetwhileturningtoaheading(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
6. SteepTurns(Review)a. EnsureClearingTurnperformedb. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates(checkPTS)
7. SlowFlightandbacktoCruise(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
8. Takeoff/Power-OnStalls(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
9. Landing/Power-OnStalls(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
10. ReturntoHomeBase(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates
11. NormalLandingwithnoorintermediateflapsa. StudentPerforms/InstructorEvaluatesb. FullStoplandingc. RepeatorperformoneGoAround(InstructorChoice)
12. NormalLandingwithfullflapsa. StudentPerforms/Instructorcritiquesb. FullStoplandingc. RepeatorperformoneGoAround(InstructorChoice)d. Repeat
13. SlipstoaLandinga. Flapscannotbetouchedb. Letstudentfigureitout
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page25
c. Landingtoafullstopd. Repeatasdesired
14. SimulatedEngineOut(atanytime)a. StudentPerformsb. Repeat/fullstop
15. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,Post-Flighta. StudentPerforms/InstructorCritiques
16. Debriefa. Critique/Discussb. NextLessonwillbeaProficiencyLesson
CompletionStandardsThelessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudenthasperformedallrequiredmaneuverssafely.Theinstructorneedstofeelthestudentisreadytosolo.Exceptforapproachandlanding,thestudentisexpectedtobeabletomaintainaltitudewithin300feetandairspeedwithin15kts.Forapproachandlanding,thestudentmustbeabletomaintainairspeedwithin+10or-5ktsofthetarget.Alllandingsmustbeinthefirstthirdoftherunwayunlesstheinstructordesignatesotherwise.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page26
Flight Lesson 8: Proficiency Lesson #1/Pre-Solo Review (1.4 hrs.) Objectives:Tofurtherdevelopstudentproficiencyandreviewandcorrectweaknesseshighlightedduringthelastlesson.Theinstructorhastheoptionofbypassingthislessonifhefeelsthestudentisreadyforthenextlesson(solo).
References:SeePreviousLessonPlans(1-7).
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,&Level-Off(Review)
a. Studentperforms/InstructorEvaluates.2. ProficiencyManeuvers(Review)
a. Instructorrequestsstudentperformsanymaneuverwherehebelievesthestudenthasexhibitedaweakness
b. Instructorcoachesandstudentpracticesuntilproficiencyachieved.3. ProficiencyLandings(Review)
a. Instructorrequestsstudentperformslandingstodemonstrateproficiency
b. Anyweaknessesdiscoveredareworkedon/Instructordemonstratesorcoachesasnecessary
c. Studentfliesatleastfourlandingsusingvariousflapsettingstoafullstop
4. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques
5. Debriefa. Discuss/Critiqueb. Nextlessonisanotherproficiency(and/orsolo).
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallrequestedmaneuvershavebeensafelycompleted(theoutcomeofallmaneuvershaveneverbeenindoubt),thestudenthasperformedatleastfourfullstoplandings,andtheinstructorbelievesthestudentisreadyforasoloendorsement.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page27
Flight Lesson 9: Proficiency Lesson #2/Solo (1.6 hrs.) Objective:Toimprovestudentproficiencyinallmaneuverstaughtsofarandtoallowthestudenttoperformthreetakeoffsandlandingstoafullstopsolo,ifwarranted.Thislessonmayberepeateduntilthestudentissuccessfullyreleasedforsoloandsafelyrecovered.References:SeePreviousLessonPlans(1-8)
FederalAviationRegulations,Part61.87,Part91
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnitFour,FederalAviationRegulations
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,Level-Off(Review)
a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiquesb. NavigatetoareaandbackwithoutGPS
2. Instructor’sChoice(Review)a. Instructorpickstwosetsofmaneuvers(GR,EMER,STALLs,STEEP)b. Studentexecutes/instructorevaluates
3. PatternWork(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorCritiques
4. NormalLandingstoaFullStopusinganyflapsetting(Review)5. ReleaseforSolo(NEW)
a. Instructorasksstudenttolethimout/takeshandheldb. Studentinstructedtodothreelandingstoafullstopc. Studentsolos
6. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques
7. Debriefa. Congratulatestudent!b. Discuss/Critiquec. Endorselogbook/recordendorsement
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletedwhenthestudenthassuccessfullysoloedtheaircraftandperformedthreetakeoffsandlandingstoafullstopwithalloutcomesneverindoubt.Whiletheinstructorwillmonitorthesolousingahandheldradio,he/shewillonlytalktothestudentifsafetyofflightisindoubtortheinstructorwishestoterminatetheflightforanyreason.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page28
Flight Lesson 10: Short Field and Soft Field Takeoffs and Landings (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:Tofamiliarizethestudentwiththepropertechniquesforshortfieldandsoftfieldlandingsandtakeoffs.
References:AirplaneFlyingHandbook,CrosswindTakeoff,p5-5thru5-7;Short-FieldTakeoffandMaximumPerformanceClimb,p.5-8thru5-10;Soft/RoughFieldTakeoffandClimb,p5-10thru5-11
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,TakeoffandLandingPerformance,p10-11thru10-17(stopbeforePerformanceSpeeds)
Pilot’sOperatingHandbook,Short-FieldTakeoffProcedure
GleimSportFlightManeuvers,Soft-FieldTakeoffandClimb,p.155-159;SoftFieldApproachandLanding,p160–164;ShortFieldTakeoffandMaximumPerformanceClimb,p165–169;ShortFieldApproachandLanding,p170-174.
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-outtoClosedPattern
(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques
2. ShortFieldLanding(New)a. InstructortakesaircraftondownwindanddemonstratesShortField
Landingwithrecommendedflapsb. Fullstopandtaxiback
3. ShortFieldTakeoff(New)a. InstructordemonstratesShortFieldtakeoffandVxclimbb. Studenttakesairplanebackondownwind
4. ShortFieldApproachandLanding(New)a. StudentperformsShortFieldLanding/Instructorcoachesb. Fullstopandtaxibackc. Studentperformsshortfieldtakeoff
5. ShortFieldTakeoffandLanding(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesb. StudentperformssecondShortFieldLandingtofullstopc. Studentrepeatsshortfieldtakeoff
6. Repeatasnecessary(New)a. Discusscrosswindtechniqueifnotbeingused/Useofflapsand
techniqueifgusty7. SoftFieldTakeoffandLanding(New)
a. InstructordiscussesanddemonstratesSoftFieldtakeoffb. InstructordemonstratesSoftFieldlandingusingrecommendedflapsc. FullstopandgivebacktoStudentd. StudentperformsShortFieldTakeoffwithinstructorassistancee. StudentperformsShortFieldLandingwithrecommended
flaps/Instructorcoaches.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page29
f. Repeatasnecessaryg. Instructordemonstratessoftfieldlandingwithnoflaps(high
crosswind)/fullstop/taxibackh. Studentperformssoftfieldtakeoffandlandingwithrecommended
flapsettings8. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)
a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques9. Debrief
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentdemonstratesabasicunderstandingandproficiencyatperformingshortfieldandsoftfieldlandingsandtakeoffs.Forsoft-fieldlandings,touchdownparametersaregivenpriorityovertouchdownaccuracy;however,innocaseistouchdownbeyondthefirstthirdoftherunwaypermissible.Forshortfieldlandings,thestudentwillbeinstructedtolandwithin400feetofhistargetpoint.Forbothcases,airspeedcontrolisexpectedtobewithin+10and–5ktsoftarget.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page30
Flight Lesson 11: Second (Supervised) Solo (1.5 hrs.) Objective:Tobuildthestudent’sconfidenceandincreasethestudent’sproficiencybypracticingmaneuverstotheSportPilotPracticalTestStandards.
References:SeePreviousLessons(1-10)
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,Takeoff,Climb,Level-off,TransittoPracticeArea
(Review)2. S-turnsacrossaroad(Review)
a. Studentperforms3. Turnsaboutapoint(Review)
a. Studentperforms4. Transitbacktoairport(Review)
a. Studentperforms5. Trafficpattern(Review)
a. Studentperforms6. SimulatedEngineOut(abeam)(Review)
a. Studentfliestofullstoportouchandgo7. Normaltakeoffandlandingswithvariousflapssettings8. Softfieldtakeoffandlandingpractice
a. Studentfliesalltofullstop9. Shortfieldtakeoffandlandingpractice
a. Studentfliesalltofullstop10. Taxiback,Shutdown
a. Studentexecutes11. Debrief
a. Studentcontactsinstructoranddebriefs
CompletionStandards
Thislessoniscompletedwhen:
(1) thestudenthassuccessfullyexecutedmostmaneuverstoSportPilotPracticalTestStandards;
(2) thestudentdemonstratesgoodsituationalawarenessandgooddecisionmakingduringthedualandsoloportionsoftheflight;
(3) thestudentperformssafelandingswithin400feetofthetargetpoint;(4) andthestudenthascontactedtheinstructorandtheyhavediscussedthe
conductoftheflight.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page31
Flight Lesson 12: Dual Cross-Country (2.5 hrs. maximum) Objective:Tofamiliarizethestudentwiththeskillsnecessarytoplanandexecuteacross-countryflightofatleast75nmwiththreelegs(fullstoplandingeach)ofwhichoneisatleast25nmlong.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters8,and10-15AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter7,AirportTrafficPatternsPilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter11,WeatherTheory;Chapter12,AviationWeatherServices;Chapter13,AirportOperations;Chapter14,Airspace;Chapter15,Navigation;Chapter16,AeromedicalFactors;Chapter17,AeronauticalDecisionMaking;GarminGPSMAP496Owner’sManualGleimSportFlightManeuversGleimPilot’sHandbookFARPart91Airman’sInformationManual,Chapters1thru8Content:
1. Preflight(New)a. Instructorandstudentreviewsstudent’spreflightplanning(logs,
charts,wx)b. Instructorandstudentcheckwx,TFR’s,etc.Instructordiscusses
variousmeansofdoingthis(i.e.,computerandFSSonPhone).c. InstructorandstudentdiscussfilingandclosingaFlightPlan.d. Instructorandstudentreviewweightandbalanceandfuelplanning.e. Instructorandstudentreviewperformanceplanning(runway,climb,
densityaltitude)2. Start(New)
a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesb. Checkavionics,navigationalset-up,cockpitsetup(SRM)
3. Taxi,BeforeTakeoff(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesb. Setuptherightchartc. Firstheading/checkpointd. Recordingoftakeofftime
4. Takeoff.Climb-out,Level-Off(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoaches.
5. Leg1(NoGPS/PilotageandDRonly)(New)
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page32
a. Studentperforms/instructorcoaches.i. Instructordiscusses:
1. Findingandcheckinglandmarks,useofcharts2. Theeffectofwind3. UseofEA-6Btocalculatetime,wind,fuel4. Fuelcheckingandbalancing5. MaintainingtheNavigationalLog6. KeepingSituationalAwareness
b. Firstlandingi. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughapproachandpatternentry
ii. Studentexecuteslandingofchoice/Fullstopandtaxibackiii. CockpitreconfigurationforLeg2,ifcontinuing;shutdown
proceduresifnotiv. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughcheckingweatherforleg2
(usecockpitresourcesifstillinairplane)6. Leg2(NoGPS/PilotageandDRonly)
a. Studentexecutes/Instructorcoachesasrequiredb. Instructorquizzesstudentonsituationalawareness,createsatleast
onedistractionc. Studentfliestosecondairportandexecuteslandingtoafullstop
7. Leg3(GPSallowed,Pilotage,andDR)(New)a. InstructorcoachesstudentthroughGPSset-upb. Studentreconfiguresaircraftandperformstaxi,takeoff,climb-out,
andlevel-offc. Studentestablishescourseusingchart,compass,withGPSbackupd. InstructordiscussesLostProcedurese. Instructordiscussesrunningintounexpectedweather;Instructor
demonstratesGPSweatherfunctions(XMweather);discussesotherwxresourceuse(FSS,Flightwatch);givesstudentsituationthatwouldcauseadivert;studentexplainsactionstobetaken.Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
i. Emphasizelandingiftimeisneededtothinkorassessii. Emphasizehelpisnearlyalwaysavailable.Askforhelpifover
yourhead.iii. Ifyouloseit,usethechute!
f. PatternEntry,Approach,andLanding(Review)i. Studentexecutes/Instructorcritiques
g. AfterLanding,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)i. Studentexecutes/Instructorcritiques
h. Debriefi. Discusscross-countryconduct
1. Pilotageanddead-reckoning2. GPSnavigation3. Navigationallogmaintenance4. Overallsituationalawareness
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page33
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1)thestudenthasdemonstratedgoodsituationalawareness;
(2)thestudenthasdemonstratedtheabilitytostayoncoursewithin2nmusingnavigationalskillsconsistingofpilotage,deadreckoning,andradioorsatellitenavigationandcanmaintainaltitudewithin200feetandairspeedwithin10knots;
(3)thestudenthasdemonstratedheunderstandsweathercriteria,airspace,andairtrafficcontrol;
(4)thestudenthassafelycompletedtwofullstoplandingsatintermediatestopsandafinallandingattheendoftheflight;
(5)andthestudenthasdemonstratedhe/sheisreadytoundertakethetaskofasolocross-countryonthenextflight.
Thislessonmayberepeatedinfullorabbreviatedformiftheinstructorfindstherearedeficienciesthatputthesuccessfulcompletionofasolocross-countryindoubt.
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page34
Flight Lesson 13: Introduction to Control by Instruments (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:ToevaluatestudentproficiencyagainsttheFAA’sSportPilotPracticalTestStandardstounderstandwhatimprovementsthestudentneedstomake.Thislessonalsoisintendedtointroducecontroloftheaircraftsolelybyreferencetoinstrumentsinpreparationforcross-countryflightinstruction.ThestudentwillbegivenavisionrestrictiondeviceandthenattempttocontroltheaircraftbyuseoftheADI,altimeter,VSI,compassormagneticheadingreadout,andGPS.Thestudentwillbeinstructedtoperformstraightandlevelflight,shallowturns,climbs,anddescentsusinginstrumentsalone.Thepurposeofthislessonistointroduceand/orstrengthenskillsthatmightsaveastudent’slifeinthecaseofaninadvertentencounterwithIFR.
References:SeePreviousLessonPlans(1-9)
RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook,Chapter5,FlightInstruments:Clock,Tops,&Toys,alsop16-6thru16-8
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter7,FlightInstruments
GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit12,AircraftInstruments
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit2,Sec2.1thru2.12
(Optional:InstrumentFlyingHandbook(FAA),Chapters4and5)
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,&Level-Off(Review)
a. Studentperforms/InstructorcomparestoPTS2. IntroductiontoControlofAircraftbyInstruments.(New)
a. Instructortakescontrolofaircraftandtellsstudenthehasinadvertentlywanderedintothecloudsonhissolocross-country;studentinstallshoodorothervisualrestrictiondevice.
3. StraightandLevel(New)a. Studentinstructedonbasicinstrumentscanb. Studentattemptstokeepwingslevel/Instructorcoachesc. Instructorinstructsstudentonslowingaircraftdownto80knotsd. Instructorinstructsstudentonspeedingbackuptocruise
4. Shallowturns(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentonperforminga10degreebankturntoa
headingb. Instructorasksstudenttoperforma10degreebankturntooriginal
headinginoppositedirection.c. Instructorasksstudenttoperforma20degAOBturntoaheading.d. Instructorasksstudenttoperforma30degreebankedturntoa
heading/Discussessteepturnsandwhyit’sbesttokeepturnsshallow(overbanking,easiertoanticipaterollout,vertigo)
5. ClimbsandDescents(New)
AndyFoster,CFI-S,LightSportSyllabus(Generic) Page35
a. Instructorcoachesstudentinlevelwingsclimbforatleast500feetb. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughleveloffandresumingcruise
(discussVa)c. Instructorcoachesstudenttodescendbacktooriginalaltitudeusing
setspeedbelowVaand500fpmd. Instructorasksstudenttoclimbwitha10-degreeangleofbanktoa
headingandleveloffatadesignatedaltitude.e. Instructorasksstudenttodescendatsamespeedasc.aboveandat
500fpmwhileturningwitha10degreeangleofbanktoaheadingandlevelingoffatadesignatedaltitude.
6. Repeatanyoftheaboveasnecessary.7. LossofControl(Optional,basedontimeandstudentability)
a. Instructortakecontrolofaircraft,hasstudentclosehiseyes,andmaneuversstudenttoattempttoinducevertigo.
b. Instructorplacesaircraftinbanked,nosehighattitudeandinstructsstudenttorecover.Studentexecuteswhileinstructorcoaches.
c. Instructorplacesaircraftinbanked,nosehighattitudeandinstructsstudenttorecover.Studentexecuteswhileinstructorcoaches.
8. Practiceandconfidencebuildinga. InstructoractsasATCandgivesthestudenta“GCA”backtoPearlandb. Studentcontrolstheaircraftandperformscommunicationsfunctions
asneeded/Instructorcoaches.c. Flystudenttodownwindjustbeforemid-fieldandslowtodownwind
speed.9. AfterLanding,Taxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)
a. Studentperforms/InstructorcomparestoPTS10. Debrief
a. Discuss/Critique/comparisonresults
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1)theinstructorhashadthestudentexecuteselectedmaneuversrequiredbytheSportPilotPracticalTestStandards.Thestudentandinstructorwillreviewtheresultsofthecheckandthestudentwillbetaskedwithpracticinganymaneuverstheinstructordeemsfitinthenextlesson;and
(2)thestudenthasbeenintroducedtothecontroloftheairplanesolelybyreferencetoinstrumentsandwhentheinstructorhasdebriefedtheflight,includingareviewofthe4C’s.
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Flight Lesson 14: Solo Cross-Country (2.5 hrs. maximum) Objective:Toallowthestudenttoconductasolocross-countryofatleastthreelegs,75nmtotallength,withonelegatleast25nmlong.
References:AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter7,AirportTrafficPatternsPilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter11,WeatherTheory;Chapter12,AviationWeatherServices;Chapter13,AirportOperations;Chapter14,Airspace;Chapter15,Navigation;Chapter16,AeromedicalFactors;Chapter17,AeronauticalDecisionMaking;AviationWeather(all)GarminGPSMAP496Owner’sManualGleimSportFlightManeuvers,GleimPilot’sHandbookFARPart91Airman’sInformationManual,Chapters1thru8Content:
1. PreflightReview(New)a. Instructorreviewsstudent’scross-countryplanningb. Instructorendorsestudentforsolocross-country,includingall
necessaryaircraftandairspaceendorsementsc. Instructorasksstudenttophotographtheairportateachstop.
2. Debriefa. StudentdebriefstheInstructoroncross-countryconducton
hisreturn.
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentpilotsafelyreturnsfromthecross-countrywithalltrainingobjectivesmetandwithouthavingincurredanincident,accident,orFAAruleviolationandhassuccessfullydebriefedhisinstructoronitsconduct.
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Flight Lesson 15: Maneuvers Review/PTS Prep #1 (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:ToimprovestudentproficiencyofallflightmaneuversrequiredbytheLightSportPilotTestingStandardsandensurethatthestudentcanmeetthosestandardsandisreadyforhis/herLightSportPilotCheckride.NOTE:Thislessonandlessons17and19mayallbeconductedasmockcheckrides.
References:FAALightSportPracticalTestStandards.Allpreviouslessonmaterial.Content:
1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,Level-Off(Review)
a. Studentperforms/InstructorcritiquesusingPTS2. Short-FieldTakeoff(Review)
a. Studentperforms/InstructorcritiquesusingPTS3. Studentfliestothepracticeareaandperformsthefollowing
maneuvers/InstructorEvaluates(Review):a. SteepTurnsb. SlowFlightc. Take-off/Power-OnStallsd. Landing/Power-OffStallse. SpinAwareness/Recoveryf. Engine-OutApproachandLandingg. RectangularPatternh. S-turnsacrossaroadi. TurnsaboutaPoint
4. StudentreturnstoHomeFieldandenterspattern(Review)a. Studentexecutes/InstructorEvaluates
5. ApproachesandLandings(Review)a. Studentexecutes/InstructorEvaluatesorsetsup
i. Soft-fieldlanding,taxi-back,short-fieldtakeoffii. Normallanding/highset-up(canbet&g)
1. Studentcanpickhowtosolveiii. Normallanding/highset-up(canbet&g)
1. Useslipstoalandingifnotalreadydoneiv. Intermediatesettingflaplanding(canbet&g)
1. Studentexecutes/InstructorEvaluatesv. Fullflaplanding(fullstop,taxiback)
1. Instructordemonstrates2. Studentexecutes/InstructorEvaluates
6. AfterLanding,Shutdown,andPost-Flighta. Studentexecutes/InstructorEvaluates
7. Debrief
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a. Collaborativeassessmentb. NextlessonisaSoloPractice
i. Recommendmaneuversthatneedwork
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasdemonstratedthathecanflythesemaneuverswithinthestandardslaidouttheFAA’sSportPilotPracticalTestStandards;
(2) andtheinstructorhasahighdegreeofconfidencethatthestudentisreadyforhis/herSportPilotCheckride.
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Flight Lesson 16: Student Solo Practice/PTS Prep (1.5 hrs.)(Optional) Objective:Toallowthestudentanopportunitytoimprovehis/herproficiencybyperformingmaneuversrequiredbytheSportPilotPracticalTestStandardsandprovidingtheinstructoraself-critique.Thelatterbuildsastudent’sabilitytoperformaself-critiquewhentheyfly,askilltheywillneedforallfutureflightsiftheyhopetoimprove.References:FAASportPilotPracticalTestStandards.Materialfromallpreviouslessons.Content:
1. Studentperformssolopracticeofmaneuversrecommendedandchosen.
2. Studentdebriefsself;writesdownnotestopresenttoinstructor3. Studentdebriefsinstructor
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompleteafterthestudentdebriefstheinstructorandtheyagreeonthecontentforthenextlesson.
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Flight Lesson 17: Maneuver Review/PTS Prep #2 (1.5 hrs.) Objective:Tocontinuetopreparethestudenttosuccessfullypasshis/herSportPilotPracticalTest(Checkride).Whendesired,thislessonwillbeconductedbyaCFIwhoisnotthestudent’s“regular”instructor.
References:FAASportPilotPracticalTestStandards.Allpreviouslessonmaterial.
Content:Note:InstructorpicksmaneuversbasedonthoseremainingtobecoveredfromPTSPrep#1andthosethatneedpolish.
1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-Out,Level-Off(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates2. ShortFieldTakeoff/ObstacleClearanceClimb(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates3. SlowFlight(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates4. Takeoff/PowerOnStalls(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates5. Landing/Power-OffStalls(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates6. Spinawareness(Review)
a. Instructordemos/quizzesstudent7. SteepTurns(45o)(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates8. STurnsAcrossaRoad(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates9. TurnsaboutaPoint(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates10. RectangularPatterns(Review)
a. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates11. ReturntoHomebase(Review)
a. TrafficPatternEntryi. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates
12. PatternWork(Review)a. Softfieldlanding/taxiback/softfieldtakeoffb. Flapszerolanding(touchandgo)c. Flapsminussixlandingd. Engineoutlandinge. Goaround/rejectedlandingf. Slipstoalandingg. Studentchoicelandings(3to4)
i. HoldtoPTSstandards
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13. Taxi/Shutdown/Post-Flighta. Studentexecutes;InstructorEvaluates
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentdemonstrateshe/shecanexecutethemaneuverslistedintheSportPilotPracticalTestStandardswiththegivencriteria.
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Flight Lesson 18: Student Practice/PTS Prep (1.5 hrs.) (Optional)Objective:Toallowthestudenttopracticebeforehe/herSportPilotPracticalTestandtobuildthestudent’sabilitytoself-critiquesohe/shecanemploythatskillinallfutureflying.
References:FAASportPilotPracticalTestStandards.Allpreviouslessonmaterial.
Content:1. Studentandinstructorlistmaneuversthatcanbemostimprovedbypractice.2. Studentfliesselectedmaneuversandperformsandrecordsself-critique.3. Instructorreviewsself-critiquewithstudent
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcomplete:
(1) afterthestudenthasflowntheflightanddiscussedhis/herself-critiquewiththeinstructor;
(2) andthestudentandinstructoragreethatthestudentisreadyforamockcheckride.
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Flight Lesson 19: Final PTS Check (1.5)(Optional) Objectives:Toprovidethestudentwithafinalcritiqueinpreparationforthestudent’sSportPilotPracticalTestStandardscheckride.Theinstructorwillactasifheisanexaminerandevaluatethestudent’sperformanceagainstthePTS.Intheeventaweaknessisspotted,lessons17,18,and/or19mayberepeated.NOTE:Thislessonplanmaybeexecutedduringlesson17.References:FAASportPilotPracticalTestStandardsAllpreviouslessonmaterial.Content:
1. InstructorconductsmockcheckrideusingLSPTS.2. Instructorevaluatesstudentreadinessandrecommendsstudentforcheck
rideorreview.
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudentdemonstrateshecanperformallmaneuverswithinthecriteriaspecifiedintheSportPilotPracticalTestStandards;
(2) andtheInstructorrecommendsthestudentforendorsementfortheSportPilotPTS.
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LSA-A Ground School Training Flow TheLSA-AGroundSchoolTrainingFlowconsistsofthoseacademiclessonsnecessarytogivetheSportPilotthenecessaryknowledgehe/sheneedstoflyandpasstheSportPilotKnowledgeTest.TheGroundSchoollessonsarebasedonthoseusedbytheGleimSportPilotkit,thoughsomehavebeentailoredtomeetourdesires.AlllessonswillalsodetailwheretheequivalentmaterialmaybefoundinFAApublications.TheLSA-AGroundSchoolconsistsof16lessons,eachabouttwohourslong.Theyare:GroundLesson1:LightSportPilot,Airplane,andPearlandAirportBasicsGroundLesson2:AirplanesandAerodynamicsGroundLesson3:AirplaneInstrumentsGroundLesson4:AirplaneEnginesandSystemsGroundLesson5:AirplanePerformanceandWeightandBalanceGroundLesson6:AirportsGroundLesson7:AirspaceGroundLesson8:FAR’sPart1through71GroundLesson9:FAR’sPart91.3thru91.131GroundLesson10:FAR’s91.151thru91.417,NTSB830GroundLesson11:ChartsandAirspaceGroundLesson12:AviationWeatherGroundLesson13:WeatherServicesGroundLesson14:NavigationandPreflightPreparationGroundLesson15:AeromedicalFactorsandAeronauticalDecisionMakingGroundLesson16:KnowledgeTestPrep
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 1: Sport Pilot, Airplane, and Pearland Airport Basics Objectives:ThislessonisintendedtoinformthestudentpilotabouttheprivilegesandrestrictionsofbeingaSportPilotandwhatFAAtrainingrequirementsarenecessarytomeettobecomeaSportPilot.Thestudentisalsointroducedtothebasicaerodynamicsbehindflight,thebasiccomponentsofanaircraft(usingtheFlightDesignCTSWasanexample)andthetypesofairports.ThestudentisalsointroducedtospecificsconcerningoperationsoutofKLVJ,includingrunwayandtaxiwaymarkings.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters1thru3,7
FederalAviationRegulations,Part21,23,61,91
ThePilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter2,AircraftStructure;Chapter3,PrinciplesofFlight;Chapter5,FlightControls;Chapter13,AirportOperations(p13-1thru11);Chapter14,Airspace(p14-1thru3)
Gleim“SportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest”:Introduction,StudyUnit1,StudyUnit2
GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit1pp25-47;StudyUnit3Sec3.1-3.5,3.9-3.13,3.26-3.31)
Content:1. WhatareSportPilots?
a. DefinitionofaLightSportAircrafti. LSAairplanes
1. LandandSeaa. Specialb. Standardcategorythatfitsc. Experimental
ii. Ultralights1. Trikes2. Weight-shift
iii. Glidersb. BriefHistoryofLSA’sc. Requirementsforowning/operatinganLSAd. AdvantagestotrainingforSportPilote. DisadvantagesandrestrictionsonSportPilotprivilegesf. FAARequirementstobecomeaSportPilot
2. Howdowefly?a. Bernoulli’sprincipleb. Airfoilsandhowtheyworkc. Controlsurfaces(ailerons,rudders,stabilator/elevator,flaps,slats)d. Basicdefinitions
i. Camber,chordline,aspectratioii. Angleofattack,relativewind
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iii. Lift,drag,weight,thrust3. BasicAirplaneComponents
a. Fuselagei. Structuraltypes
1. Tubeandfabric2. Metal:semi-monoque3. Metal:monoque4. Composite
b. Wingsi. Low,mid,highii. Cantilevered,non-cantileverediii. Flaps
1. CTSWhasslottedflaps2. CTSW“nominal”flapsettingis-6degrees
iv. Ailerons1. CTSW’sfollowflapsforbettercontrol
c. Verticaltaili. Cantedandnon-cantedii. Rudder
d. Horizontaltaili. Elevatorii. Stabilator
e. Enginei. Reciprocating,turbineii. Cooling(airand/orliquid)
1. CTSWusesbothiii. Carburetedvsfuelinjected
1. CTSWhasdual,automaticmixtureadjustingcarburetors
iv. Magnetosvselectronicignition1. CTSWhaselectronicignition
4. Whatisanairport?a. ControlledandNon-Towered
i. Ellington,Hobby,andGalvestonareControlledAirports(theyhaveatower—ClassDorB)
1. Musthavepermissionfromairtrafficcontrollersintowertoland
ii. KLVJisa“non-towered”oruncontrolledairport1. Nopermissionrequired2. Pilotsperformtrafficsequencing
iii. Trafficpattern1. Altitudeis1044ftMSL(1000ftAGL)2. Standardlefthand3. Crosswind,downwind,base,final
b. KLVJspecificsi. Runwaydetails
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1. Runwaysigns2. Runwaymarkings
ii. Taxiwaydetails1. Taxiwaysigns2. Taxiwaymarkings
iii. WeatherServices1. ASOS
iv. Communications1. CTAF-122.8002. Unicom-122.800
v. AirspaceRestrictions1. HobbyClassB
a. 8nmnorthb. 2000feetandabove
2. EllingtonClassDa. 3nmeast
vi. FuelServices1. 100LL2. JetA
vii. OperationalSpecifics1. BannerTow2. Helicopters
a. Apexb. LifeFlight
3. Pipeline/PowerlinePatrol4. Ellingtoncrosstraffic
a. IFRapproachesaboveb. Northernrunwayapproachessouth
5. PollyRanch
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentspassawrittenexamonthelessoncontentwithascoreof70%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 2: Airplanes and Aerodynamics Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sknowledgeofairplanes,aerodynamics,andaircraftstability.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter2and15Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter3,PrinciplesofFlight;Chapter4,AerodynamicsofFlight;Chapter5,FlightControlsGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit1,AirplanesandAerodynamicsGleimSportPilotFAAKnowldegeTest,StudyUnit11,AirplanesandAerodynamics(7pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit1:
1.1 Definitions1.2 TheAirplane1.3 AxesofRotation1.4 FlightControlsandControlSurfaces1.5 ForcesActingonanAirplaneinFlight1.6 DynamicsoftheAirplaneinFlight1.7 GroundEffect1.8 HowAirplanesTurn1.9 Torque(leftturningtendency)1.10 AirplaneStability1.11 LoadsandLoadFactors1.12 StallsandSpins
QuestionsfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest:
11.1 FlapsandRudder11.2 AerodynamicForces11.3 AngleofAttack11.4 FundamentalsofFlight11.5 StallsandSpins11.6 Frost11.7 GroundEffect11.8 AirplaneTurn11.9 AirplaneStability11.10 TorqueandP-Factor11.11 LoadFactor
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CompletionStandardsThisclassisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthaspassedthequestionbank(Gleim11.1thru11.11)withagradeof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 3: Airplane Instruments Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofaircraftinstrumentsandhowtheywork.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter5,FlightInstrumentsPilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter7,FlightInstruments;GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit2,AirplaneInstruments,Engines,andSystems(23pages)
GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit12,AirplaneInstruments(4pages)
Content:StudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit2:
2.1 Pitot-StaticSystem2.2 Altimeter2.3 VerticalSpeedIndicator2.4 AirspeedIndicator2.5 GyroscopicFlightInstruments2.6 TurnCooridnator2.7 Turn-and-SlipIndicator2.8 AttitudeIndicator2.9 HeadingIndicator2.10 MagneticCompass2.11 CompassErrors
QuestionsfromtheGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest:
12.1 MagneticCompass12.2 Pitot-StaticSystem12.3 AirspeedIndicator12.4 Altimeter12.5 TypesofAltitude12.6 SettingtheAltimeter12.7 AltimeterErrors12.8 GyroscopicElements
CompletionStandardsThisclassisconsideredcompletewhenallthematerialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthaspassedthequestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim12.1thru12.8)withascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 4: Airplane Engines and Systems Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofairplaneenginesandsystems.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters3-5Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter6,AircraftSystemsGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit2,AirplaneInstruments,Engines,andSystems(39pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit13,AirplaneEnginesandSystems(3pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit2
2.12 GlassCockpitInstrumentation2.13 AirplaneEngines2.14 HowanEngineOperates2.15 IgnitionSystem(expandedtoincludetheCTSW’sCDIsystem)2.16 InductionSystem2.17 FuelSystem2.18 OilSystem2.19 CoolingSystem(expandedtoincludeCTSWair/liquidsystem)2.20 Propellers2.21 FullAuthorityDigitalEngineControl(FADEC)2.22 ElectricalSystem2.23 LandingGearSystem2.24 EnvironmentalSystem2.25 DeiceandAnti-IceSystems
QuestionsfromtheGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit13:
13.1 ElectricalSystems13.2 EngineTemperature13.3 EngineIgnitionSystems13.4 CarburetorIcing13.5 CarburetorHeat13.6 Fuel/AirMixture13.7 AbnormalCombustion13.8 AviationFuelPractices13.9 MiscellaneousAirspeedQuestions13.10 TaxiingTechnique13.11 StartingtheEngine
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CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudentshasansweredthequestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim13.1thru13.11)andpassedwithascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 5: Airplane Performance and Weight and Balance Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofaircraftperformanceandthefactorsthatplayintoitandhowweightandbalanceaffectsaircraftperformanceandcontrol.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters14and15Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter11,AircraftPerformance;Chapter9,WeightandBalanceGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit5,AirplanePerformanceandWeightandBalance(30pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit14,AirplanePerformanceandWeightandBalance(7pages)Content:StudyMaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit5:5.1 DeterminantsofAirplanePerformance5.2 StandardAtmosphere5.3 PressureAltitude5.4 DensityAltitude5.5 TakeoffPerformance5.6 ClimbPerformance5.7 CruiseandRangePerformance5.8 GlidePerformance5.9 CrosswindPerformance5.10 LandingPerformance5.11 WeightandBalanceOverview5.12 WeightandBalanceTerms5.13 BasicPrinciplesofWeightandBalance5.14 MethodsofDeterminingWeightandBalance5.15 CenterofGravityCalculations5.16 CenterofGravityCharts5.17 CenterofGravityTables5.18 WeightChangeandWeightShiftCalculationsQuestionsfromtheGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTestStudyUnit14:
14.1 DensityAltitudeComputations14.2 TakeoffDistance14.3 ClimbPerformanceandThrust14.4 RangeandEndurance14.5 CruisePowerSettings
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14.6 CrosswindComponents14.7 GlideSpeed14.8 LandingDistance14.9 WeightandBalanceDefinitions14.10 CenterofGravityGraphs14.11 CenterofGravityTables
CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudentshavetackledthequestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim14.1thru14.11)andpassedwithascoreof80%orabove.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 6: Airports Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sknowledgeofairports,waketurbulenceandcollisionavoidance,andradiocommunicationsproceduresandphraseology.References:RodMachado’sSportPilothandbook:Chapters7and8Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter13,AirportOperationsGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnits3,Airports,ATC,andAirspace(42pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit1,Airports(7pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit3:
3.1 RunwayandTaxiwayMarkings3.2 AirportLighting3.3 VisualGlideslopeIndicators3.4 WindandLandingDirectionIndicatorsandSegmentedCircles3.5 AirportTrafficPatterns3.7WakeTurbulence3.8CollisionAvoidance3.14GroundControl
QuestionsfromGleimSportPilotHandbook,StudyUnit3:1.1 RunwayMarkings1.2 AirportBeacons1.3 AirportTrafficPatterns1.4 VisualApproachSlopeIndicators(VASI)1.5 WakeTurbulence1.6 CollisionAvoidance1.7 GroundControlCompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompleteafterallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredthequestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim1.1thru1.7)andscored80%orhigher.
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LSA-A Ground School Ground Lesson 7: Airspace Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sknowledgeofthedifferentcategoriesofairspace,therequirementstoflywithin,andtechniquesusedwhenoperatingineach.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters7thru9Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter14,AirspaceGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit3,Airports,AirTrafficControl,andAirspace(23pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit2Content:StudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit3:
3.9 RadioCommunicationsandPhraseology3.10 AirportswithoutanOperatingControlTower3.11 AutomatedWeatherReportingSystems3.12 AirportswithanOperatingControlTower3.13 AutomaticTerminalInformationService(ATIS)3.18 Emergencies3.19 RadioFailureProcedures3.20 EmergencyLocatorTransmitter(ELT)3.22 TransponderOperation3.24 GeneralDimensionsofAirspace3.25 ControlledandUncontrolledAirspace3.27 ClassBAirspace3.28 ClassCAirspace3.29 ClassDAirspace3.30 ClassEAirspace3.31 ClassGAirspace3.32 SpecialUseAirspace3.33 OtherAirspaceAreas
QuestionsfromtheGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit2:
2.1 AirspaceOverview2.2 ClassDAirspace2.3 ClassCAirspace2.4 TransponderCodes2.5 RadioPhraseology2.6 ATCTrafficAdvisories2.7 ATCLightSignals2.8 EmergencyLocatorTransmitters
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CompletionStandards:Thislessoniscompletedwhenallmaterialispresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(2.1thru2.8)andpassedwithascoreof80%orgreater.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 8: FAR Parts 1 through 71 Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sknowledgeoftheFederalAviationRegulations.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter6FederalAviationRegulationsPart1through71GleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit4,FederalAviationRegulations(36pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit3,FARParts1thru71(5pages)Content:StudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit4:4.1 FederalAviationRegulations4.2 Part1–DefinitionsandAbbreviations4.3Part21-CertificationProceduresforProductsandParts4.4 Part39–AirworthinessDirectives4.5 Part43–Maintenance,PreventiveMaintenance,Rebuilding,andAlteration4.6 Part61-Certification:Pilots,FlightInstructors,andGroundInstructorsQuestionsfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit3:3.1 FARPart13.2 FARPart213.3 FARPart393.4 FARPart433.5 FARPart613.6 FARPart71CompletionStandards:Thislessonwillbeconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim3.1thru3.6)andpassedwithascoreof80%orhigher.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 9: FAR Parts 91.3 thru 91.131 Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofFederalAviationRegulations.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter6FederalAviationRegulationsPart91GleimSportPilotHandbook,StudyUnit4,FederalAviationRegulations(8pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit4,FARPart91.3thru91.131(4pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit44.8 Part91–GeneralOperatingandFlightRules(91.3thru91.131)StudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit44.1 FARPart91.34.2 FARPart91.7thru91.94.3 FARPart91.15thru91.1074.4 FARPart91.111thru91.1214.5 FARPart91.123thru91.131CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompleteonceallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthassuccessfullyansweredthequestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim4.1thru4.5)withascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 10: FAR Parts 91.151 thru 91.417, NTSB 830, and Sport Pilot Twists Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingoftheFederalAviationRegulations.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter6FARPart91,GeneralOperatingandFlightRules49CFR830,NotificationandReportingofAircraftAccidentsorIncidentsandOverdueAircraft,andPreservationofAircraftWreckage,Mail,Cargo,andRecordsGleimSportPilotHandbook,StudyUnit4,FederalAviationRegulations(24pages)
GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit5,FARParts91.151thru91.417andNTSB830(4pages)
Content:StudymaterialforGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit4:4.8 GeneralOperatingandFlightRules(91.151–91.417)4.9 NTSB830–NotificationandReportingofAircraftAccidentsofIncidentsand
OverdueAircraft,andPreservationofAircraftWreckage,Mail,Cargo,andRecords
4.10 SummaryofCurrentFARNumbers
StudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit4:5.1 FAR91.151thru91.1595.2 FAR91.203thru91.3195.3 FAR91.403thru91.4175.4 NTSB830CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletedwhenallmaterialispresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(5.1–5.4)withascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 11: Charts and Airspace Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sabilitytointerpretandusesectionalandterminalareachartstoidentifyairspace,altitudes,identifyinglandmarks,radiofrequencies,andlinesoflatitudeandlongitude.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter10Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter15,NavigationGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit9,Navigation:Charts,Publications,andFlightComputers(14pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit9,SectionalChartsandAirspace(5pages)Content:StudymaterialforGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit9,Charts:9.1 VFRNavigationalCharts9.2 LongitudeandLatitude9.3 SectionalChartSymbology9.4 TerminalChartDifferences(notinGleim,extramaterial)StudymaterialforGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit9:9.1 AirspaceandAltitudes9.2 IdentifyingLandmarks9.3 RadioFrequencies9.4 LongitudeandlatitudeCompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim9.1thru9.4)withascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 12: Aviation Weather Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofthefundamentalsofweather.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter11-UnderstandingWeatherAviationWeatherGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit7,AviationWeather(27pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit7,AviationWeather(5pages)Content:StudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit7:7.1 TheEarth’sAtmosphere7.2 Temperature7.3 AtmosphericPressure7.4 Wind7.5 Moisture,CloudFormation,andPrecipitation7.6 StableandUnstableAir7.7 Clouds7.8 AirMassesandFronts7.9 Turbulence7.10 Icing7.11 Thunderstorms7.12 FogStudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit7:7.1 CausesofWeather7.2 ConvectiveCurrents7.3 Fronts7.4 Thunderstorms7.5 Icing7.6 MountainWave7.7 WindShear7.8 Temperature/DewPointandFog7.9 Clouds7.10 StabilityofAirMasses7.11 TemperatureInversionsCompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletedwhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim7.1thru7.11)withascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 13: Aviation Weather Services Objectives:Todevelopthestudents’understandingoftheaviationweatherservicesavailabletohim/herforpreflightplanningandin-flightusage.Thisincludeshis/herabilitytointerpretweathercharts,reports,andbriefings.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter12,WeatherCharts&Briefings:PIREPS,Progs&METARSPilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter12,AviationWeatherServicesGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit8,AviationWeatherServices(44pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit8,WeatherServices(9pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit8:8.1 FlightServiceStation(FSS)8.2 AviationRoutineWeatherReport(METAR)8.3 PilotWeatherReport(PIREP)8.4 TerminalAerodromeForecast(TAF)8.5 AviationAreaForecast(FA)8.6 In-FlightAviationWeatherAdvisories8.7 WindsandTemperaturesAloftForecast8.8 SurfaceAnalysisChart8.9 WeatherDepictionChart8.10 RadarSummaryChart8.11 ShortRangeSurfacePrognosticChart(PROG)8.12 Low-LevelSignificantWeatherChart(SIGWX)8.13 DUATS8.14 AviationWeatherResourcesontheInternetStudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit8:8.1 WeatherBriefings8.2 AviationWeatherRoutineWeatherReport(METAR)8.3 SIGMETsandAIRMETs8.4 PilotWeatherReport(PIREP)8.5 AviationAreaForecast8.6 TerminalAerodromeForecast8.7 WeatherDepictionCharts8.8 RadarSummaryChartsandRadarWeatherReports8.9 En-RouteFlightAdvisoryService(EFAS)8.10 WindsandTemperaturesAloftForecasts(FB)8.11 TranscribedWeatherBroadcasts
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CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim8.1through8.11)whileattainingascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 14: Navigation and Preflight Preparation Objectives:Todevelopastudent’sabilitytousenavigationalcharts,publications,andaflightcomputertoproperlyplanaVFRdaycross-countryflight.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter13Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter15,NavigationGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit9,Navigation:Charts,Publications,FlightComputers(38pages)andStudyUnit11,Cross-CountryFlightPlanning(16pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit10,NavigationandPreflightPreparation(11pages)Content:StudymaterialfromGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit9:9.4 FAAAdvisoryCirculars(AC)9.5 AeronauticalInformationManual(AIM)9.6 Airport/FacilityDirectory(A/FD)9.7 NoticetoAirmanSystem(NOTAM)9.8 FlightComputers9.9 TheGleimFlightComputer(E6B)9.10 TheCalculatorSideoftheFlightComputer9.11 ConversionofNauticalMilestoStatueMilesandViceVersa9.12 Speed,Distance,andTimeCalculations9.13 FuelComputations9.14 TrueAirspeedandDensityAltitude9.15 Corrected(ApproximatelyTrue)Altitude9.16 Off-coursecorrection9.17 RadiusofAction9.18 OtherConversions9.19 TemperatureConversions9.20 TheWindSideoftheGleim(E6B)FlightComputer9.21 DeterminingMagneticHeadingandGroundspeed9.22 DeterminingWindDirectionandSpeed9.23 DeterminingAltitudeforMostFavorableWinds9.24 Alternative:E6BComputerApproachtoMagneticHeading9.25 InformationSideofSlidingCard(GleimE6B)9.26 ElectronicFlightComputers9.27 ASACX-29.28 Sporty’sE6BStudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit11:11.1 PreflightPreparation
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11.2 VFRFlightPlan11.3 WeightandBalance11.4 Navigation11.5 DiversiontoanAlternateAirport11.6 LostProceduresStudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit10:10.1 DensityAltitude10.2 PreflightPreparation10.3 WeightandBalance10.4 Navigation10.5 DeterminingWindSpeedandDirection10.6 VFRFlightPlan10.7 PreflightInspection10.8 FAAAdvisoryCirculars10.9 Airport/FacilityDirectoryCompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim10.1through10.9)andachievedascoreof80%orbetter.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 15: Aeromedical Factors and Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sunderstandingofthemedicalfactorsrelatedtoflightandtheaeronauticaldecisionmakingprocess.References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapter16Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter16,AeromedicalFactors;Chapter17,AeronauticalDecision-MakingGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit6,AeromedicalFactorsandAeronauticalDecisionMaking(ADM)(34pages)GleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest,StudyUnit6,AeromedicalFactorsandAeronauticalDecisionMaking(ADM)(5pages)Content:StudymaterialfromtheGleimPilotHandbook,StudyUnit6:6.1 FitnessforFlight6.2 Hypoxia6.3 Dehydration6.4 Hyperventilation6.5 CarbonMonoxidePoisoning6.6 DecompressionSicknessafterScubaDiving6.7 MotionSickness6.8 SinusandEarBlock6.9 SpatialDisorientation6.10 IllusionsinFlight6.11 Vision6.12 AeronauticalDecisionMaking(ADM)6.13 Weather-relatedDecisionMaking6.14 StressandFlying6.15 IdentifyingtheEnemy6.16 CockpitResourceManagement(CRM)StudymaterialfromGleimSportPilotFAAKnowledgeTest:6.1 Hypoxia6.2 Hyperventilation6.3 Alcohol6.4 SpatialDisorientation6.5 Dehydration6.6 Vision6.7 CarbonMonoxide6.8 AeronauticalDecisionMaking(ADM)
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6.9 EarBlockCompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsinthequestionbank(Gleim6.1through6.9)andachievedascoreof80%orhigher.
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LSA-A Ground School Lesson 16: Knowledge Test Prep Objectives:Toevaluatethestudent’sunderstandingoftheinformationnecessarytopasstheSportPilotKnowledgeExam.References:GleimSportPilotSyllabus,EndofCourseKnowledgeTestFAASportPilotKnowledgeTestQuestionBankContent:Duringthislesson,thestudentswilltaketheGleimSyllabus“EndofCourseKnowledgeTest”.Thetestwillbegradedinclassandanymissedquestionsdiscussed.Atthediscretionoftheinstructor,theinstructormayalsogiveasecondtestbasedontheFAA’sSportPilotKnowledgeTestQuestionbank.Again,thistestwillalsobegradedinclassandanymissedquestionsdiscussed.CompletionStandards:Thislessonwillbeconsideredcompletewhenallmaterialhasbeenpresentedandthestudenthasansweredallquestionsposedandpassedwithascoreof80%orhigher.StudentsreachingthatmarkwillbesignedofftotaketheFAA’sSportPilotKnowledgeTest,ifrequired.
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LSA-A Integrated Training Flow TheLSA-AIntegratedTrainingFlowcombinesthelessonsintheLSA-AFlightTrainingFlowandtheGroundLessonTrainingflowtoprovideamorecomprehensiveapproachtoobtainingtheLightSportPilotrating.Itisintendedfornewpilotswhowishtohaveinstructor-ledlessonsforbothgroundandflighttrainingtoprovideamoreintegratedapproachtotraining.Thelessonflowisasfollows:
GroundLesson1:LightSportPilot,Airplane,andPearlandAirportBasicsFlightLesson1:IntroductiontoFlightGroundLesson2:AirplanesandAerodynamicsFlightLesson2:FundamentalsofFlightGroundLesson3:AirplaneInstrumentsFlightLesson3:SlowFlight,Stalls,andSpinsGroundLesson4:AirplaneEnginesandSystemsFlightLesson4:SteepTurnsandGroundReferenceManeuversGroundLesson5:AirplanePerformanceandWeightandBalanceFlightLesson5:IntroductiontoLandings,Slips,andGoAroundsGroundLesson6:AirportsFlightLesson6:EmergencyOperationsGroundLesson7:AirspaceFlightLesson7:ReviewGroundLesson8:FAR’sPart1through71FlightLesson8:ProficiencyLesson#1/Pre-SoloPracticeGroundLesson9:FAR’sPart91.3thru91.131FlightLesson9:ProficiencyLesson#2/SoloGroundLesson10:FAR’s91.151thru91.417,NTSB830FlightLesson10:ShortandSoft-FieldTakeoffsandLandingsGroundLesson11:ChartsandAirspaceFlightLesson11:SecondSupervisedSoloGroundLesson12:AviationWeatherGroundLesson13:WeatherServicesGroundLesson14:NavigationandPreflightPreparationFlightLesson12:DualCross-CountryGroundLesson15:AeromedicalFactorsandAeronauticalDecisionMakingFlightLesson13:IntroductiontoAircraftControlbyInstrumentsFlightLesson14:SoloCrossCountryFlightLesson15:ManeuversReview/PTSPrep#1GroundLesson16:KnowledgeTestPrepFlightLesson16:StudentSoloPractice/PTSPrepFlightLesson17:ManeuverReview/PTSPrep#2FlightLesson18:SoloPractice#2/PTSPrep(Optional)FlightLesson19:FinalPTSCheck(Optional)
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Sport Pilot Transition Training Flow ThistrainingflowensuresthatratedpilotstransitioningtoSportPilotaircraftandoperationsunderstandSportPilotoperationsandcansafelyflyaLightSportaircraft.Whileallflightphasesarevisited,emphasisisplacedonapproachandlandingoperationssincethisistheareawheremostLightSportaccidentsinvolvingratedpilotsoccur.Flighttimeandnumberoflandingsaredesignedtomeetorexceedaverage(Avemco)insurancerequirementsforsolocertificatedpilotLightSportoperation.(10landingstoafullstop;5hrs.ofdualflighttime).
Thistrainingflowconsistsofthefollowinglessons:
LSA-AGroundSchoolLesson1:LightSportPilot,Airplanes,andPearlandAirportOperations(SeePageXX)
TransitionFlightLesson1:Basicairplaneoperations
TransitionFlightLesson2:Landings,Go-Arounds,andSlips
TransitionFlightLesson3:EmergencyOperations
TransitionFlightLesson4:Cross-CountryOperations
TransitionFlightLesson5:TransitionCheck
Theestimatedflighttimeneededtocompletethislessonis8.5hrs.Theactualtimedependsonstudentabilitybutwillbenolessthan5hrs.totalinanycase.
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Transition Flight Lesson 1: Basic Light Sport Airplane Operations (1.7 hrs) Objective:Tointroducethestudenttobasicairplaneoperationandcontrols,refreshhisuseofchecklistsandcockpitdiscipline,familiarizehimwiththelocalarea(includingthepracticearea)andtheairport,andfamiliarizehimwithapproachandlandingoperations.(ThislessonassumesthisisthefirstflightintheCTSWforthepilot.IfthepilothasflownanIntroflight,atthediscretionoftheinstructor,theymayflyTransitionFlightLesson1Avicethisone.PilotswithpreviousCTSWPICtimemaygodirectlytoTransitionFlightLesson5.)
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters1and3AirplaneFlyingHandbook,“FlightSafetyPractices,p1-4thru1-7;VisualInspectionp2-1thru2-6;GroundOperationsp2-7thru2-12Pilot’sOperatingHandbook
Content:1. Preflightingtheairplane(New)
a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughapreflightusingthechecklistb. Instructordiscussesweightandbalanceandperformancedataon
board.2. Start-Up(New)
a. Instructordiscusesproperentry,cockpitset-up,andstartsequence(includingsystems)
b. LightSportwarningc. InstructorreviewsseatbeltandharnessusageandBRSdiscipline
3. Taxi(New)a. Instructoremphasizes:
i. Off-nominalviewpointii. Properpositioningofcontrolsiii. Turningradiusiv. Hazardsoftaxiingwithdooropen
4. BeforeTakeoff(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthrough:
i. Properenginewarm-up,run-up,andcheckoutii. Aircraftandavionicsoperationandset-upiii. BRSdisciplineIfequipped)iv. Properlookout/visualcheckdownfinalv. Useofradios/callsigns
5. Takeoff(New)a. Studentperformsnoflaptakeoff
6. Climb(New)a. Instructortalksstudentthroughclimbandflapmanagement.
7. Level-Off(New)
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a. Instructortalksstudentthroughlevel-off/Studentperformsandsetsupcruiseconfiguration.
i. Settingpower/100LLlimitationsb. Instructordiscusseslookout/SA(includesairspaceandairport
awareness)c. Instructorpointsairplanetowardpracticearea;studenttakes
airplaneinlevelflightatcruiseatorabove1500feetbutbelow2000.8. Basicflightcontrolsandtrim(New)
a. Instructorcoachesstudentthrough:i. Shallowbankturns(10-20degrees)ii. Onceinpracticeareaandafterclearingturns,student
performs30and45degreebankedturns.Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
iii. Instructordiscussestrim(3axis).b. Descents
i. Instructorasksstudenttodescendatcruisespeedat500fpmfor500feet
c. Climbsi. Instructordemonstratestakeoffclimbsusing0and-6degreesflap.
ii. Studentperformstakeoffclimbsat0and-6degreeflaps9. SlowFlightandStalls(Atorabove1500feetAGL)(New)
a. Instructordemonstratesputtingaircraftinslowflightconfigurationi. Notescross-controlisnormalii. Demonstratesanddiscussesperformingshallowturns
b. Studentperformsslowflight/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.c. Studenttransitionsbacktocruiseflight.d. Repeatasdesired.e. TakeoffStalls(noflaps)
i. Instructortalksstudentthroughset-up/studentexecutesii. Repeatasdesired
f. LandingStalls(Fullflaps)i. Instructortalksstudentthroughsetup/studentexecutesii. Repeatinaturn.
g. ApproachandLandingDemoi. Studentslowsaircrafttodownwindspeedanddemonstratesabilitytomaintainaltitudeandairspeed.
ii. Studentslowsaircraft,ifnecessary,todroptofullflaps;maintainsairspeed,levelflightandperformsshallowturns.
iii. Studentreducespowerandfliesasimulatedapproach.iv. WaveoffNLT600feetAGL.v. Repeatbutcallforago-aroundandclimb300feet.
10. Returntohomebase(New)a. StudentfliesaircraftbacktoKLVJ/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
11. Pattern,Approach,andLanding(New)a. Studentsfliespattern.
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b. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughfirstlandingapproachwithnoflaps/touchandgoorfullstopandtaxiback
c. Studentperformsintermediateflapsettingtakeoffandapproachtoafullstoplanding.
d. Repeatorhavestudentperformafullflaplanding.e. Repeatasdesired.
12. RolloutandTaxiback(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
13. Shutdown(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
14. Post-Shutdown(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughsecuringtheaircraft
15. Debriefa. CollaborativeAssessmentb. Studentfeedback
CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasdemonstratedabasicproficiencywhenoperatingtheaircraft,i.e.,altitudewithin200feet,airspeedwithinplusandminus10knotsintheairandplus10andminus5duringtheapproach;
(2) andthestudentisabletolandtheaircraftwithcoachingbutno“handson”assistance.Landingsrequiringinstructortakeoverwillnotbecountedtowardanylandingrequirements.
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Transition Flight Lesson 1A: Basic Operations (1.2 hrs) (Pilots who have flown a previous Intro flight may use this lesson vice TFL 1.) Objective:Torefreshthestudenttothebasicaircraftoperationandcontrols,refreshhisuseofchecklistsandcockpitdiscipline,familiarizehimwiththelocalarea(includingthepracticearea)andtheairport,andfamiliarizehimwithapproachandlandingoperations.
References:RodMachado’sSportPilotHandbook:Chapters1and3AirplaneFlyingHandbook,“FlightSafetyPractices,p1-4thru1-7;VisualInspectionp2-1thru2-6;GroundOperationsp2-7thru2-12Pilot’sOperatingHandbook
Content:16. Preflightingtheairplane(New)
a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughapreflightusingthechecklistb. Instructordiscussesweightandbalanceandperformancedataon
board.17. Start-Up(New)
a. Instructordiscusesproperentry,cockpitset-up,andstartsequence(includingsystems)
b. LightSportwarningc. InstructorreviewsseatbeltandharnessusageandBRSdiscipline
18. Taxi(New)a. Instructoremphasizes:
i. Off-nominalviewpointii. Properpositioningofcontrolsiii. Turningradiusiv. Hazardsoftaxiingwithdooropen
19. BeforeTakeoff(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthrough:
i. Properenginewarm-up,run-up,andcheckoutii. Aircraftandavionicsoperationandset-upiii. BRSdiscipline(ifequipped)iv. Properlookout/visualcheckdownfinalv. Useofradios/callsigns
20. Takeoff(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughnoflaptakeoff.
21. Climb(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughclimbandflapmanagementas
required22. Level-Off(New)
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a. Instructorcoachesstudentasnecessarytogetairplanethroughlevel-offandcruiseconfiguration.
b. Instructordiscusseslookout/SA(includesairspaceandairportawareness)
c. Instructorpointsairplanetowardpracticearea;studenttakesairplaneinlevelflightatcruiseatorabove1500feetbutbelow2000.
23. SlowFlightandStalls(Atorabove1500feetAGL)(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentintofullflap,slowflightconfigurationat
45knots.b. Studentperformsslowflight.c. Studenttransitionsbacktocruiseflight.d. Repeatwithruddertrimforcruise/returntocruisingflight.e. TakeoffStalls(noflaps)
i. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughpoweronstraightaheadstall.
ii. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughpoweronstallinaturn.f. LandingStalls(fullflaps)
i. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughpoweroffstallstraightahead.
ii. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughpoweroffstallinaturn.iii. Repeatifdesired.
24. Returntohomebase(New)a. StudentfliesaircraftbacktoKLVJ/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
25. Pattern,Approach,andLanding(New)a. Studentsfliespattern.b. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughfirstlandingapproachatnoflaps;
fullstopandtaxibackc. Studentperformsintermediateflaptakeoff(ifappropriate)and
approachtofullstoplanding.d. Repeatorhavestudentperformafullflaplanding.e. Repeatasdesired.
26. RolloutandTaxiback(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
27. Shutdown(New)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoachesasnecessary.
28. Post-Shutdown(New)a. Instructorcoachesstudentthroughsecuringtheaircraft
29. Debriefa. CollaborativeAssessmentb. Studentfeedback
CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(3) thestudenthasdemonstratedabasicproficiencywhenoperatingtheaircraft,i.e.,altitudewithin200feet,airspeedwithinplusandminus10knotsintheairandplus10andminus5duringtheapproach;
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(4) andthestudentisabletolandtheaircraftwithcoachingbutno“handson”assistance.
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Transition Flight Lesson 2: Landings, Go Arounds, and Slips (1.8 hrs.)Objectives:Todevelopthestudent’sabilitytolandtheaircraftsafelyusingdifferenttechniquesandaircraftconfigurationsaswellashisabilitytoexecuteagoaroundorperformslipstoalanding.References:AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter8,ApproachesandLandings,p8-1thru8-17(stopbeforeShortFieldApproachandLanding);FaultyApproachesandLandings,p.8-27thru8-35
Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,TakeoffandLandingPerformance,p.10-11thru10-17(stopbeforePerformanceSpeeds);LandingCharts,p10-25,26;AirportLighting,p13-6thru13-9;WindDirectionIndicatorsandTrafficPatterns,p13-10thru13-11;WakeTurbulencep13-15thru13-17;RunwayIncursionAvoidance,p13-18
Pilot’sOperatingHandbook
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,andTakeoff
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiquesb. Studentperformstakeoffofchoice.
2. NormalLanding(0degreesflaps)a. Studentperformsfullstop.Taxi-back.b. Studentperforms0degreeflaptakeoff.
3. Performnormallanding(intermediateflapsetting).a. Studentperformsfullstop.Taxi-back.b. Reconfigurefortakeoff.(Setflaps,trim.)c. Studenttakesusaroundthepattern.
4. Performnormalfullflaplanding/fullstop.a. Taxi-back.b. Studenttakesusaroundthepattern.Studentchoicelanding.
5. Performfullflaplanding.(New)a. Studentperformsfullstopfullflaplanding.b. Repeatasdesired.
6. GoAround(New)a. At300feetAGL,Instructorcallsforgoaround(anylanding).
i. Reconfigureflapsasnecessary.ii. Executenormalclimb-out.iii. Checkforobstacleclearance/sidestep.
7. SlipstoaLanding.(New)a. Instructorsetsupademonstrationofaslipwith15degrees
flaps/performslanding/touchandgob. Studentperformsslipwith15degreesflaps/performslandingtoafull
stop.c. Repeatorgoto30degreeflap,slip/landing
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d. Repeatorgoto40degreeflap,sliptoalanding/Taxiback8. ShortFieldTechniques(New)
a. Instructordemosshortfieldtakeoffandlanding/taxibackb. Studentperformsshortfieldtakeoffandlanding/taxibackc. Repeatasdesired.
9. SoftFieldTechniques(New)a. Instructordemossoftfieldtakeoffandlandingb. Studentperformssoftfieldtakeoffandlandingc. Repeatasdesired.
10. Iftimeremains,pickatakeoff/landingandhavestudentperform11. AfterTaxi,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)
a. Studentperforms/instructorcritiques12. Debrief
a. Critique/discussb. EmergencyOperationsarenext
CompletionStandards:Thislessonisconsideredcompletedwhen:
(1) thestudentcansuccessfullyexecutelandingsusing0,15,30,and40degreeflaplandings;
(2) useshortfieldandsoftfieldtechniquesfortakeoffandlanding;(3) thestudenthasbeenfamiliarizedwithbothforwardandside-slips;(4) and when the student has successfully executed go-arounds using several
flapsettings.Approachairspeedcontrolneedstobewithin+10and-5knots. Landingmustbewithin400feetofaselectedpoint.
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Transition Flight Lesson 3: Emergency Operations (1.5 hrs.) Objectives:Toensure the student can successfullyexecuteemergencyoperationsthatmightbenecessarywhileflyingaLightSportaircraft.References:Pilot’sOperatingHandbook,Emergencies
AirplaneFlyingHandbook,EmergencyApproachesandLandings(Simulated),p8-35thru8-27(stopbeforeFaultyApproachesandLandings);Chapter16,EmergencyProcedures
Content:1. Preflight,Start,Taxi,BeforeTakeoff,Takeoff,Climb-out,andLevelOff
(Review)a. Studentperforms/InstructorCritiques
2. EngineOutProcedures(New)a. Studentperforms“simulatedenginefailure”atInstructorcall.b. Instructoremphasizes:
i. Aviate,Navigate,Communicateii. Checklistisavailabletohelp.iii. EvaluatelandingvsuseofBRS
c. Waveoffat600feetAGL3. EmergencyDescent(New)
a. Instructordiscussesneedfor(fire,weather,trafficavoidance)anddemonstrateshigh-speeddescent.
b. StudentexecuteswithInstructorcoaching.c. Instructordemonstrateslow-speeddescent(60knots).d. Studentexecutese. Factorstoconsider
4. SystemsEmergencies(New)a. Aviate,Navigate,Communicateb. Instructoremphasizesuseofchecklisttoassistc. Useofcommunications(radio,squawk)
5. ControlofAircraftSolelybyInstruments(InadvertentIFR)(New)a. InstructordiscussestheFourC’s:
1. Climb2. Confess3. Communicate4. Comply
b. Instructorplacesstudent“underthehoodandhasthestudentexecutethefollowingmanuevers:
i. Straightandlevelii. Alevelturn(withandwithouttheGPS)iii. Climbiv. Descent
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v. Climbingturnsvi. Descendingturns
6. LostProcedures(New)i. Climb(Locate)ii. Confessiii. Communicateiv. Comply
7. ReturntoHomeBase(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
8. Pattern(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
9. Normallanding/15degflaps/fullstop(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcritiques
10. Normallanding/30degflaps/fullstop(Review)a. Studentexecutes/instructorcoaches
11. EngineOutinPattern/fullstop(New)a. Fromabeam,Instructorpullspowerb. Studentexecutesapproachandlanding/Instructorcoachesc. Takentoafullstop
12. AfterLanding,Shutdown,andPost-Flight(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcritiques
13. Debriefa. Critique/Discussb. NextlessonwillbeaReview
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasshownhe/shemaintainsgoodsituationalawarenessandairmanship;
(2) cansuccessfullyexecuteanengine-outapproachtoalandingwithsomeassistance,
(3) usesallresourcesavailable(checklist,GPS,communications,etc.)togainassistanceasneeded;
(4) andthestudenthasdemonstratedtheabilitytolandtheaircraftnormallywithminimalassistanceinseveralflapconfigurations.
Approachairspeedcontrolneedstobewithin+10and-5knots. Landingmustbewithin400feetofaselectedpoint.
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Transition Flight Lesson 4: Cross-Country Operations (2.0hrs) Objectives:Tofamiliarizethetransitioningpilotwiththecross-countrycapabilitiesandsystemsavailableinaLightSportaircraftandhavethestudentdemonstratehisabilitytoplanandexecuteashortcross-countryflight.
References:AirplaneFlyingHandbook,Chapter7,AirportTrafficPatternsPilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter11,WeatherTheory;Chapter12,AviationWeatherServices;Chapter13,AirportOperations;Chapter14,Airspace;Chapter15,Navigation;Chapter16,AeromedicalFactors;Chapter17,AeronauticalDecisionMaking;FARPart91Airman’sInformationManual,Chapters1thru8ASupplementalHandbookforOwningandFlyingtheCTSW
FlightDesignCTSWPilot’sOperatingHandbookGarminGPSMAP496Owner’sManualContent:
1. Preflight(New)a. Studentpresentspreflightplanning(logs,charts,wx,TFR’s),explains
howtheseresultswereproduced(i.e.,computer,FSS,phone,TV),andwhetherheintendstouseaflightplan.Instructorreviewsallmaterialandcoachesasnecessary.
b. Studentspresentsweightandbalance,fuelplanning,andperformanceplanning(runway,climb,densityaltitude).Instructorreviews.
2. Start(Review)a. Studentperformsstartandset-up/Instructorcoaches
3. Taxi,BeforeTakeoff(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoaches
4. Takeoff.Climb-out,Level-Off(Review)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoaches
5. Leg1(NoGPS/PilotageandDRonly)a. Studentperforms/Instructorcoaches.
i. Instructoremphasizes:1. Powermanagement(100LL)2. Flapmanagement3. GPSOFFimpacts4. Fuelmanagementandbalancing
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ii. Lookingforeffectsofwindsb. Firstlanding
i. Studentexecutespatternentry,approach,andlandingtoafullstop.
ii. Instructoremphasizes:1. Checkingfuel(visual)2. Checkingweather(GPSOFFandON)3. Reconfigurationandset-up
6. Leg2(GPSallowed,Pilotage,andDR)a. InstructorcoachesstudentthroughGPSset-upbeforetakeoffb. Studentreconfiguresaircraftandperformstaxi,takeoff,climb-out,
andlevel-offc. Studentestablishescourseusingchart,compass,withGPSbackupd. Instructortellsthestudenthe’slost.Studentexplainswhathewould
do.e. Instructordiscussesrunningintounexpectedweather:
i. Aviate,navigate,communicateii. Evaluateweatherinflightiii. Turnaroundifindoubt…or…Divertiv. Ifyougetintotheclouds..
1. Climb2. Confess3. Communicate4. Comply
v. Landifyouneedtimetothinkorassessvi. Askforhelpifoveryourheadvii. Ifyouloseit,usethechute!
f. PatternEntry,Approach,andLandingi. Studentexecutes/Instructorcritiques
g. AfterLanding,Shutdown,andPost-Flighti. Studentexecutes/Instructorcritiques
7. Debriefi. Discusscross-countryconduct
1. Pilotageanddead-reckoning2. GPSnavigation3. Navigationallogmaintenance4. Overallsituationalawareness
CompletionStandardsThislessonisconsideredcompletewhen:
(1) thestudenthasdemonstratedgoodsituationalawareness(2) thestudenthasdemonstratedgoodnavigationalskillsusingpilotage,dead
reckoning,andtheGPSandcanmaintaincoursewithin2nm,altitudewithin200feet,andairspeedwithin10knots;
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(3) thestudenthasdemonstratedheunderstandsweathercriteria,airspace,andairtrafficcontrolandhowtogetinformationfromeach
(4) thestudenthassafelycompletedtwofullstoplandingsattwodifferentairports,oneofwhichmaybeafinallandingattheendoftheflight;
(5) andtheinstructorisconvincedthestudentisreadytoundertakethetaskofasolocross-countryonthenextflight.Thislessonmayberepeatedinfullorabbreviatedformiftheinstructorfindstherearedeficienciesthatputthesuccessfulcompletionofasolocross-countryindoubt.
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Transition Flight 5: Transition Check (1.5 hrs)
Objectives:Toevaluatethetransitioningpilot’sreadinessforsoloand/orpassengerflightoperationsinaLightSportaircraft.
References:AnyfromTransitionFlightLessons1through4Content:Beforetheflight,theinstructorwillreviewwiththestudentallhisnecessaryrequirementstobesignedoffas“safeforsolo/passengeroperations”.Thisflightwillbeusedtoaddressanyshortfallsandtheinstructorwillallowthestudenttoplanandexecuteaflighttoadestinationwithin100milesoftheairfield.Theinstructorwillmonitorthestudent’sexecutionoftheflight,observehisawarenessoftheairplaneanditsenvironment,askthestudenttoperformvariousmaneuversandseveraltypesoflandings,providetutorageasnecessary,andspringsomeunexpectedscenariosonthestudentheisaskedtosolve.CompletionStandards:ThislessonwillbeconsideredcompletewhentheinstructorfeelsthestudentcansuccessfullyandsafelyoperateaLightSportaircraftinallflightphasesandthatthestudentunderstandstheoperationsandrestrictionsofoperatingwithinLightSportFAR’s.SuccessfulcompletionofthislessonmaybeusedasjustificationtosignoffasuccessfulBFRaswellasasign-offforLightSportaircraftoperation.
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LSA Pinch Hitter Course Objective:Thismini-courseconsistsoftwogroundlessonsandtwoflightlessonsdesignedtoteachanon-pilotpassengerhowtonavigateandflytheLSAtoanearbyairfieldwherethepassengercanattempttoland(andtheLSAisnotBRSequipped)intheeventthepilotisincapacitated.
References:Pilot’sHandbookofAeronauticalKnowledge,Chapter2,AircraftStructure;Chapter3,PrinciplesofFlight;Chapter4,AerodynamicsofFlight,p4-1thru4-23Pilot’sOperatingHandbookContent:Ground Lesson #1: Fundamentals of Flight and The LSA (1.0 – 1.5 hrs)
1. BasicAerodynamicsa. Bernoulli’sPrincipleb. Forcesonanairplane
i. Liftii. Dragiii. Weightiv. Thrust
c. Generatinglifti. Theeffectofairfoilcurvatureii. Theeffectofangleofattackiii. Howliftanddragrelate
1. Therelationshipofspeed2. Therelationshipofangleofattack
2. TheLSAa. MajorParts
i. Cockpit1. doors
ii. Fuselage(empennage)iii. Wings
1. Flaps2. Ailerons
iv. VerticalTail1. Fin2. Rudder
v. Stabilatorvi. LandingGear
1. Brakesvii. EngineandPropeller
b. FlightControli. Flightaxes
1. Pitch
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a. Controlledbystabilatorviastick2. Roll
a. Controlledviaaileronsviastick3. Yaw
a. Controlledviarudderandrudderpedalsii. Theuseoftrim
1. Pitch2. Roll3. Yaw
iii. PowerandSpeed1. Enginecreatespower(thrust)
a. Controlledviathethrottle2. Brakesstoptheairplaneontheground
a. Controlledbybrakeleverc. Systems
i. RadiosandNavigation1. Inpanelcommunicationsradio
a. Howtotalkoveritb. Howtoswitchfrequenciesc. EMERswitch(ifequipped)d. MONswitch(ifequipped)
2. InpanelGPS(ifequipped)a. Basicdisplayitems
i. Movingmapii. Airportsymbologyiii. Airspacesymbology
b. Controlsi. NEARESTbuttonii. DIRECTbuttoniii. Selectinganairporttosteerto
c. Chartsi. Airportsymbologyonthechartii. UsingthechartandGPS
1. Todetermineposition2. Todeterminesteering
ii. TheEngine1. TheIgnitionSwitch
a. Howstarttheengineb. Howtostoptheengine
iii. TheBallisticRecoverySystem1. Systemdescription2. Armingandde-arming3. Deployingthesystem4. Deploymentprocedures
a. Wheretheyareinthechecklistb. Proceduralrun-through
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3. Howtocontroltheairplaneinflighta. Purposeoftheflightcontrols
i. Stickcontrolspitchandroll1. Walkstudentthroughusingimaginarycontrolsand
modelairplanea. Pitchupanddownb. Rollleftandright
b. Purposeoftheruddersi. Rudderpedals(rudder)controlsyaw
1. Walkstudentthroughyawingleftandright2. Stepontheball3. Ifyou’regettingoverloaded,putyourfeetonthe
floorandflypitchandroll.c. Purposeofthethrottle
i. Speedupandslowdownii. Climbanddescend
d. Instrumentsi. Airspeedindicatorii. Altimeteriii. Slip/skidindicatoriv. Digitalheadingreadout(autopilot)v. Compass
e. Useoftheautopiloti. Descriptionofslavingmodes
1. HowtoslavetotheGPS2. Howtoslavetothecurrentmagneticheading3. Howtoengagealtitudehold4. Characteristicsoftheautopilot
ii. Howgetautopilottorelease1. Panelbuttons2. Stickbutton
CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentcanpassawrittenexamontheclassmaterialandpasswithatleasta70%score.
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Ground Lesson #2: Scenario Walkthrough (1.0 -1.5 hrs) Note:ThislessonistobeconductedwhilesittingintheLSA.Thenon-pilotpassengerwillbeintherightseatandtheinstructorwillbeintheleftseat.(IftheaircraftisequippedwithaBRS,itwillremainpinnedduringthislesson.)
1. Reviewofaircraftcontrola. Runthroughpitch,rollandyawcontrolsb. Showaircraftinstrumentsandreviewwhattheytellyou.
2. Walk-throughscenarioa. Discussthefollowingscenariosthatmightoccurifapilotis
incapacitated:i. Pilotslumpedandaircraftdiving/climbing
1. Movethepilotoffstick:a. Llvelflight.b. Checkairspeedc. Reducepowerifnecessary
i. Airspeedii. RPM
d. Determinenearestairportse. Picktheclosestandthebestone(largerairports
havemorehelp)f. EnteritinGPSg. Rollaircrafttomatchupheadingh. Callforassistance;useEMERfrequency(121.5)i. DeclareanEMERGENCYusing
“Mayday!Mayday!Mayday!”anddescribepredicament.
j. Stayonthisfrequencyunlessconfidentofcontrollingairplaneandhowtoswitch.
k. Puttransponderon7700,ifpossible.l. Tellthemwhereyouarenavigatingto.m. Ifairtrafficcontrolwantsyoutogosomewhere
elseandyouthinkyoucan,followtheirdirections.Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucan.Sticktoyourplanandtellthemwhatyouaredoing.
n. Navigatetoairport.o. IfnotBRSequipped:
i. Determineairportaltitude.ii. Determinethewindandlandingrunway.iii. Howtoflydownwind,base,andfinal.iv. Approachingtoland.v. Flaringandlanding.vi. Shuttingdownandgettingout.
p. IfBRSequipped:i. Fly600-1000feetoverairport.
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ii. Overtheairport,turnofftheengine.iii. Deploytheparachute.iv. Removekeyandshutofffuel.v. Leavedoorsclosed.vi. Cinchupseatbeltsandharness.vii. Afterimpact,exitaircraftasquicklyas
possible.q. Checkonpilotonlyifsafetypermits.Ifyousmell
fuel,donotreturn.2. IfunabletogetpilotoffstickandBRSequipped:
a. Shutoffengineb. Deploychutec. Callforassistance;useEMERfrequency(121.5)d. DeclareanEMERGENCYusing
“Mayday!Mayday!Mayday!”anddescribepredicament.
e. Puttransponderon7700,ifpossible.f. Pullkeyoutofignitionandshutofffuel.g. Removekeyandshutofffuel.h. Leavedoorsclosed.i. Cinchupseatbeltsandharness.j. Afterimpact,exitaircraftasquicklyaspossible.k. Checkonpilotonlyifsafetypermits.Ifyousmell
fuel,donotreturn.CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudentcanpassawrittenexamontheclassmaterialandpasswithatleasta70%score.
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Flight Lesson #1: Mastering the Basics (1.0 – 1.5 hrs)Note:Thislessonistobeconductedwiththenon-pilotpassengerintherightseatandtheinstructorflyingfromtheleftseat.IftheaircraftisequippedwithaBRS,itwillremainpinnedduringthislesson.
Purpose:Thepurposeofthislessonistoteachthepassengerbasicaircraftandnavigationalcontroltoenablethepassengertoflytoanearbyairport,performasafedescenttothepatternaltitudeorslightlybelow,anddeploytheBRStoputtheaircraft’soccupantssafelyontheground.
1. BasicFlightManeuveringa. Instructorwillflytheairplaneouttoapracticeareaandclimbto2000
feetAGLorhigher.b. Instructortrimstheaircraftforcruise(5200RPM)andperforms
stabilitydemoc. Instructordemonstrateshowpitchcontrolworksanddemonstrates
flyinginlevelflight.d. Studenttakescontrolandtriestokeepairplanelevel.Instructor
discussespitchattitudesightpictureanduseofaltimetertocrosscheck.
e. Instructordiscussessoundandfeelofairplaneclimbingordescendingandthendemonstrateseach.Studentperformsconstantpowerclimbanddescentasinstructorquizzesaboutperceptions.
f. Instructordemonstratesashallowlevelflightturn,discussingcontrolinputs,sightpicture,andcross-check.
g. Instructordemonstratesproperuseofruddertocoordinateturnsandshowsaslipandaskid.Instructordemonstratesrecovery“usingtheball”.
h. Instructordemonstrateslevelflightshallowturnswithfeetflatonthefloor.
i. Studentpracticeslevelflightturnsupto30degreesangleofbank.Studentdemonstratestheabilitytoturnleftandright.
j. InstructorpointsoutheadingindicationsonGPSandcompass.Instructordemonstratesaturntoaheadingonboth.
k. StudentattemptsalevelflightturntoaheadingontheGPSandthecompass.Instructorhasstudentrepeatasnecessaryuntilmastered.
l. Instructortalksthroughhowtoperformadescentandlevel-off.Studentisaskedtoreadthealtimeterduringthedescentandcallaltitudeandairspeedonairspeedindicator.
m. Instructorclimbsairplanebackuptoworkingaltitude.Studentperformsadescentusingnoseforairspeedandpowerforaltitudecontrolandlevelsoffataltitudepickedbyinstructor.InstructorpointsoutVSIandhowitcanbeusedforcontrol.
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n. Instructordemonstrateshowtoperformafullpowerclimb.Instructorlevelsairplaneandthentalksstudentthroughaclimbofatleast500feet.
2. NavigatingBacktoanAirporta. Instructorresumescontrolofaircraft.Instructorhasstudentuse
NearestfunctiontoselectKLVJ.InstructorhandsoffaircraftcontroltostudentandasksstudenttofollowtheGPSsteeringtotheairport.StudentfollowsGPSbacktowardKLVJ.Instructordiscussessomefactorstoconsiderwhenpickinganairport.
b. Iftimeanddistancepermits,instructorpretendsheisATCandasksstudenttoflyaheading.Oncestudentisonheading,instructorgivesstudentaheadingbacktoKLVJ.
c. Atfivemilestoairport,instructortakescontrolbackandmakespatternentry,talkingaboutwhereairplanesarelikelytobe.Passengerisinstructedtotargetcenterofairport.
CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhentheinstructorhasdemonstratedlevelflight,shallowturns,climbs,anddescentsandthestudenthasexhibitedabasicabilitytoperformthesemaneuvers.Altitudecontrolmusthavebeenwithinthreehundredfeet,rollwithintendegrees,andairspeedwithin20knots.ThestudentmustbeabletodemonstratetheabilitytousetheNEARESTfunctionoftheGPStofindthenearestairportsandunderstandhowtonavigatetooneofthem.
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Flight Lesson #2: Basic Mastery of the Scenario (1.0 – 1.5 hrs) Note:Thislessonistobeconductedwiththenon-pilotpassengerintherightseatandtheinstructorflyingfromtheleftseat.IftheaircraftisequippedwithaBRS,itwillremainpinnedduringthislesson.
Purpose:Thepurposeofthislessonistoreviewbasicmaneuversandhavethestudentrespondtoscenariosofpilotincapacitation.
1. BasicManeuverReviewa. Instructortakesaircraftoffandhandsoffaircrafttostudentinthe
climb.Studentperformsclimboutandleveloff.Instructorassistsasnecessary.
b. Instructorclimbsaircrafttoatleast2000feetAGLwhenappropriateandhandsoffaircrafttostudent.Studentperforms:
i. Levelflight(+/-300feet)ii. Shallowturnsleftandright(30degmaxbank,heading+/-20
degrees)iii. Descentofatleast500feetwithairspeedwithin20knotsof
levelflight;leveloffwithin300feetofdesignatedaltitudeiv. Fullpowerclimbwithin+/-20knotsofVyforatleast500feet;
leveloffwithin300feetoftargetv. Repeatuntilstudentmeetsparameters
c. Oncecomplete,instructorhasstudentsetuplevelflightatcruise(5200rpm).Instructorthenasksstudenttodeterminenearestairports,pickoneofthem,andsteertowardit.Studentdoesso,keepingaltitudewithin300feetandsteeringwithin20degrees.
d. Oncestudentdemonstratesability,InstructormovestoBasicScenario.2. BasicScenario
a. Instructordeclaresheisincapacitated.Studenttakescontrolofaircraftandexecutesprocedures.Instructorassistsasnecessary.Oncestudentissatisfactorilyheadingtowardanairport,instructorasksstudenttotellhimwhatremainstobedone.Instructorfillsinasnecessaryandretakescontrolifaircraftwhencomplete.
b. Instructorturnsaircraftawayfromairport.Atatimeofhischoosing,instructordeclaresheisincapacitatedandevaluatesstudentperformance.Instructordebriefsrunwhenstudentissuccessfullyheadingtoanairport.
c. Instructorclearsairportareaandthenslumpsatthecontrols,puttingtheaircraftintoashallowclimbordive,ashechooses.Instructoronlyrespondstothestudenttothedegreenecessarytoensurethestudentunderstandsthisisasimulatedscenarioandtokeepavisuallookoutforotheraircraft.
d. Studentfliesaircraftintothepatternandgetssetupforafinalapproach.Studentfliesfinaldownto400feetAGL.Instructorassumescontrolandreturnsforlandingorpractice,asdesired.
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e. CompletionStandards:Thelessonisconsideredcompletewhenthestudenthasdemonstratedabasicabilitytotakecontroloftheaircraftinthecaseofpilotincapacitation,tosteerittoanearbyairport,toflyittoorslightlybelowthetrafficpatternaltitude,tonavigateittoapositionwhereBRSdeploymentwouldlowertheaircrafttotheairport,anddemonstratesanunderstandingofhowtoexecuteaBRSdeployment.