ANDROID BASED CLOSED LOOP SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR …techpublic.in/volume2issue4/paper10.pdf ·...

82 @2018 T.Manjula et.al.| www.techpubic.in

International Journal of Global Engineering (IJGE) E- ISSN: 2456-3099

VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95

Received: 20/03/2018. Published: 15/04/2018

ANDROID BASED CLOSED LOOP SPEED CONTROL OF DC

MOTOR VOICE RECOGNITION BY USING WI-FI

T.Manjula, Mr.M.Sudhakaran,

UG Student, Ganadipathy Tulsi’s Jain Engineering College, Kaniyambadi, Vellore,

Associate professor, Ganadipathy Tulsi’s Jain Engineering College, Kaniyambadi, Vellore

Abstract

The DC motors are widely used for variable speed drive system in industrial applications such as

industrial automation, electric traction, aircraft, military equipment, hard disk drives because of their high

efficiency, silent operation, compact, reliability and low maintenance. Due to the advancement of wireless

technology, there are several connections are introduced such as GSM, Wi-Fi, ZIGBEE and Bluetooth.

Each of the connection has their own unique specifications and applications. Among these wireless

connections, WI-FI technology often implemented. The speed control was implemented using WI-FI

technology to provide communication access from smart phone. Communication plays a major role in day

today’s life and can be used as a better tool in control system. It deals with wireless communication and

voice recognition and is used to control the motor speed. Microcontroller enables a person to work around

independently using a touch screen and voice recognition applications which is interfaced with motors.

This can also be controlled through simple voice commands. In addition to this IR sensor is used to sense

the motor speed and in turn speed of the motor can be received via WI-FI to the android mobile.

Keywords : Android Mobile, ESP8266 WI-FI Module, L293D, PIC16F883, DC Motor, IR Speed

Sensor.

1. INTRODUCTION

DC motor in different steps is easy compared to AC motors. By the open loop control the DC motor

can be operated at any intermediate speed by changing the voltage, armature current etc. But in open loop

(Prediction based) control accuracy in speed cannot be obtained. There will not be any feedback to the

controller to indicate the change in speed due to load. This disadvantage restricts the use of open loop

speed control DC motor in applications where constant speed is essential. To avoid this disadvantage a

closed loop technique is implemented where the output measured speed is fed back to the speed

controller. In closed loop controller the speed can be maintained by adjusting terminal voltage according

the speed difference caused by the load torque. i.e., a fine control of speed can be obtained using closed

loop speed control. Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system,

middleware and key applications. Android boasts a healthy array of connectivity options including Wi-Fi,

Bluetooth and wireless data over cellular connection. Voice recognition is carried out by android mobiles

in which internal voice recognition is used to pass voice commands to motor which is paired with Wi-Fi

Serial Modules which in turn the recognized voice as a string. Microcontroller receives the command

http://www.techpubic.in/



VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


voice output from the android mobile and there are certain predefined conditions in controller. If it

satisfies the condition then it sends the signal to driver circuit. Using this we can also find the voltage and

current taken by the DC motor. DC motor is sensed by the speed sensor. The sensed output (speed,

temperature, voltage and current rating) is given back to the android mobile via WI-FI.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 1 Block diagram for speed control of DC motor voice recognition via Wi-Fi

3. WORKING

At firstly, Voice is given to the android mobile. The mobile is used with an installed voice recognition

application. It is an Android application. This application has the feature of sending voice commands and

also has the ability of receiving speed from the speed sensor. Voice command is given to android mobile

application. This application sends the voice to the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module interfaced with PIC16F883

microcontroller. Voice command is converted into industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands of

about 2.4 GHz frequencies and transmitted to the microcontroller. It converts the given input signal to

pulsating signal with the help of programming performed in the microcontroller. The pulsating signal is

converted into the driving signal using driver circuit. The driver circuit has IC L293D. It operates two DC

motors simultaneously upto 46V and 4A. The motor rotates as we given command through the android

mobile. And also by using temperature sensor temperature value can be detected and DC sensing unit is




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


used to sense the voltage and current taken by the DC motor. Speed is sensed by the IR sensor. It is a

wireless sensor and it is directly connected to the PIC microcontroller. The speed of the motor can be

displayed by android mobile via Wi-Fi.

4. HARDWARE COMPONENTS

A. POWER SUPPLY

Figure 2 Power supply circuit diagram

B. ESP8266 WI-FI MODULE

ESP8266 is an impressive, low cost WIFI module suitable for adding WIFI functionality to an

existing microcontroller project via a UART serial connection. The feature list is impressive and

includes: 802.11 b/g/n protocol Wi-Fi Direct (P2P), soft-AP Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack. The

ESP8266 requires 3.3V power–do not power it with 5 volts. The ESP8266 needs to communicate via

serial at 3.3V and does not have 5V tolerant inputs.

C. MICROCONTROLLER

In this project uses PIC Microcontroller of 16F883 contains 28 pins with 3 ports of Port A,B,C. It

has 14 analog inputs and 14 digital I/O’s. Operating frequency is 20MHz crystal oscillator frequency.

Then it converts given input signal into pulsating signal (PWM). The reason for using PIC has variety

of choices (8-bit to 32-bit), low cost, low power, reasonable size, convenient packaging, through hole,

surface mount.

D. MOTOR DRIVER




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


The L293D is an integrated monolithic circuit in a 15-lead Multiwatt and PowerSO20 packages.

It is a high voltage, high current dual full-bridge driver designed to accept standard TTL logic levels

and drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, DC and stepping motors. Two enable inputs are

provided to enable or disable the device independently of the input signals. The emitters of the lower

transistors of each bridge are connected together and the corresponding external terminal can be used

for the connection of an external sensing resistor. An additional supply input is provided so that the

logic works at a lower voltage.

E. TEMPERATURE SENSOR

The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with an electrical

output propositional to the temperature. Output voltage is linearly propositional to the Celsius

(centigrade) temperature.

F. DC SENSING UNIT

I) VOLTAGE SENSOR

A voltage sensor is going to be able to determine and even monitor and measure the voltage

supply. It is then able to take those measurements and turn them into a signal that one will then be able

to read. The signal will often go into a specialized electronic device for recording, but sometimes, an

observer will be present to manually read the sensor output.

II) CURRENT SENSOR

A current sensor is a device that detects electric current in a wire, and generates a signal

proportional to that current. The generated signal could be analog voltage or current or even a digital

output. The generated signal can be then used to display the measured current in an ammeter, or can be

stored for further analysis in a data acquisition system, or can be used for the purpose of control.

G. DC MOTOR

In this project we are using the DC shunt motor which is 12V DC motor. It has 1 pole with

thick shunt winding connected parallel to the armature. The DC motor runs at various speed through

the logic states from the L293D IC then the transistor BC547 acts as a switch which operates the relay

to drive the motor as per the given speed. DC shunt motor has many wide applications. In industrial,

Lathes, Drills, Boring Mills, Shapers , Spinning, and weaving machines etc.

F. IR SPEED SENSOR

IR Sensor is a speed sensing device used to sense the speed of the DC Motor and received back

to the android mobile via Wi-Fi for user purpose.




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


5. SOFTWARE

A. Proteus

Proteus is software for microprocessor simulation, schematic capture, and printed circuit board

(PCB) design. It is developed by Labcenter Electronics. Proteus (Processor for text Easy to use) is a

fully functional, procedural programming language created in 1998 by Simone Zanella. Proteus

incorporates many functions derived from several other languages: C, BASIC, Assembly, etc. It is

especially versatile in dealing with strings, having hundreds of dedicated functions; this makes it one

of the richest languages for text manipulation. Proteus was initially created as a multiplatform (DOS,

Windows, UNIX) system utility, to manipulate text and binary files and to create CGI scripts. The

language was later focused on Windows, by adding hundreds of specialized functions for: network and

serial communication, database interrogation, system service creation, console applications, keyboard

emulation, ISAPI scripting.

B. CCS COMPILER

A compiler is a computer program (or set of programs) that transforms source code written in a

programming language (the source language) into another computer language (the target language,

often having a binary form known as object code). The most common reason for wanting to transform

source code is to create an executable program.

C. LANGUAGE

Embedded C

JAVA

D. ANDROID APPLICATION

ECLIPSE SOFTWARE

It is an Integrated Development Environment features to ease Java programming (and others,

e.g. C/C++) Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools) advantage of Reduces

Development and Testing Time Makes User Interface easier and make Description Easier.

The programming languages (officially supported), C/C++ (possible but not supported).The

supported tools are ADB (Android Debug Bridge) which is act as an interface between

emulator and connected device and DDMS (Dalvik Debug Monitor Service) acts as a port

forwarding services between IDE’s and emulator.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_program

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_code

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable



VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


6. MODELLING

Figure 3 Circuit diagram for Speed Control of DC motor Voice Recognition by using Wi-Fi

RESET

ADC

CH_PD

GPIO16

GPIO14

GPIO12

GPIO13

VCC

TX

RX

GPIO4

GPIO5

GPIO0

GPIO2

GPIO15

GND

R110k

JUMPER

3V3

D1

S-4148

R2

1k

R33.3K

3V3

3V3

ESP8266

D2LED-RED

R410k

POWER LED

TX

RX

D11N4007

D21N4007

D31N4007

D41N4007

C110uf/450V

C2100uf

R1100k

D5

FR107

GND

GN

D5

I se

nse

3

RT

/CT

4

VfB

2

OU

T6

Vre

f8

CO

MP

1

Vi

7

C347uf/63v

C4100uf

6

4

4

1

2

U1

OPTOCOUPLER-NPN

R222k D6

12V

SR2100

BAS16

C51000uF/25V R3

47k

C61000uf

R41k

230V AC

Pulse Transformer

ULN3845BN

PC 817

12V DC

C31000uF

VI1

VO3

GN

D2

U5

7805

C4100n

AC INPUT

SMPS

27.0

3

1

VOUT2

U1

LM35

+5V

GND

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

OUTPUT

Q1BC547

R210k

D1LUMILED

R1220R

D2LUMILED

R310k

TX RX

VCC

IR SENSOR

3

2

1

411

U1:A

LM324R5100k

R7

100k

R8

100k

R6100k

VCC

GND

3

2

1

411

U1:A

LM324R5100k

R7

100k

R8

100k

R4

51kR6100k

VCC

GND

SENSING DC INPUT

VOLTAGE SENSING

CURRENT SENSING

SMPS

IN12

OUT13

OUT26

OUT311

OUT414

IN27

IN310

IN415

EN11

EN29

VS

8

VSS

16

GND GND

U1

L293D

GND

+5V+5V

MOTOR A

MOTOR CONTROL LOGIC FROM MC

R9PULLUP

R10PULLUP

R11

PULLUP

D7

14

D6

13

D5

12

D4

11

D3

10

D2

9D

18

D0

7

E6

RW

5R

S4

VS

S1

VD

D2

VE

E3

LCD1LM016L

RA0/AN0/ULPWU/C12IN0-2

RA1/AN1/C12IN1-3

RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF/C2IN+4

RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT6

RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT7

RB0/AN12/INT21

RB1/AN10/P1C/C12IN3-22

RB2/AN8/P1B23

RA7/OSC1/CLKIN9

RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT10

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI11

RC1/T1OSI/CCP212

RB7/ICSPDAT28

RB6/ICSPCLK27

RB5/AN13/T1G26

RB4/AN11/P1D25

RC7/RX/DT18

RC6/TX/CK17

RC5/SDO16

RC4/SDI/SDA15

RC3/SCK/SCL14

RC2/CCP1/P1A13

RA3/AN3/VREF+/C1IN+5

RB3/AN9/PGM/C12IN2-24

RE3/MCLR/VPP1

U2

PIC16F883

GND




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


7. SIMULATION SETUP

Figure 4 Motor forward condition

Figure 5 Motor reverse condition

B7

B6

B5

B4

TX

Tx

Rx

RX

B1

B0

E0

A0

A1

B2

B3

C0

C1

C2

A0

A2

A2

A1

B4

D7

14D

613

D5

12D

411

D3

10D

29

D1

8D

07

E6

RW5

RS

4

VS

S1

VD

D2

VE

E3

LCD1LM016L

GND

RE3/MCLR/VPP1

RA1/AN1/C12IN1-3


RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT6

RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT7

RB0/AN12/INT33

RB1/AN10/C12IN3-34

RB2/AN835

RA7/OSC1/CLKIN13

RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT14

RD5/P1B28

RD6/P1C29

RD7/P1D30

RC4/SDI/SDA23

RC5/SDO24

RC3/SCK/SCL18

RC2/P1A/CCP117

RC1/T1OSI/CCP216

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI15

RB7/ICSPDAT40

RB6/ICSPCLK39

RB5/AN13/T1G38

RB4/AN1137

RD322

RD221

RD120

RD019

RC7/RX/DT26

RC6/TX/CK25

RE2/AN710

RE1/AN69

RE0/AN58


RD427



U3

PIC16F887

R210k

VDD

RXD

RTS

TXD

CTS

34%

RV2

1k

VDD

GND

V

8%

RV1

1k

VDD

GND

I

55.0

3

1

VOUT2

U1

LM35

GND

VDD

Q3BC547

VCC

RL35V 3.3V

B7

B6

B5

B4

TX

Tx

Rx

RX

B1

B0

E0

A0

A1

B2

B3

C0

C1

C2

A0

A2

A2

A1

B4

D714

D613

D512

D411

D310

D29

D18

D07

E6

RW5

RS4

VSS

1

VDD

2

VEE

3

LCD1LM016L

GND

RE3/MCLR/VPP1

RA1/AN1/C12IN1-3


RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT6

RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT7

RB0/AN12/INT33

RB1/AN10/C12IN3-34

RB2/AN835

RA7/OSC1/CLKIN13

RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT14

RD5/P1B28

RD6/P1C29

RD7/P1D30

RC4/SDI/SDA23

RC5/SDO24

RC3/SCK/SCL18

RC2/P1A/CCP117

RC1/T1OSI/CCP216

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI15

RB7/ICSPDAT40

RB6/ICSPCLK39

RB5/AN13/T1G38

RB4/AN1137

RD322

RD221

RD120

RD019

RC7/RX/DT26

RC6/TX/CK25

RE2/AN710

RE1/AN69

RE0/AN58


RD427



U3

PIC16F887

R210k

VDD

RXD

RTS

TXD

CTS

34%

RV2

1k

VDD

GND

V

8%

RV1

1k

VDD

GND

I

55.0

3

1

VOUT2

U1

LM35

GND

VDD

Q3BC547

VCC

RL35V 3.3V




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


Figure 6 System voltage, current, temperature indication

8. APPLICATION INSTRUCTION

First the ESP8266 module is paired with the mobile. Then apply the password for pairing.

Create the “HOTSPOT” and enter the IP Address as per the page creation.

Click on “SELECT DEVICE” icon to select paired WI-FI module.

By giving the command “400rpm” it sends the data to WI-FI module connected with the

circuit.

When microcontroller detects “S” the motor rotates “400rpm” and senses the speed of the

motor and gives back to the Application via WI-FI.

By giving the command temperature it sends the data to WI-Fi module connected with the

circuit. When the microcontroller detects “T” the temperature value indicated via WI-FI to the

android mobile. Similarly voltage and current values are indicated in the android mobile by

commanding the simple voice commands.

B7

B6

B5

B4

TX

Tx

Rx

RX

B1

B0

E0

A0

A1

B2

B3

C0

C1

C2

A0

A2

A2

A1

B4

D7

14D

613

D5

12D

411

D3

10D

29

D1

8D

07

E6

RW5

RS

4

VSS

1

VDD

2

VEE

3

LCD1LM016L

GND

RE3/MCLR/VPP1

RA1/AN1/C12IN1-3


RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT6

RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT7

RB0/AN12/INT33

RB1/AN10/C12IN3-34

RB2/AN835

RA7/OSC1/CLKIN13

RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT14

RD5/P1B28

RD6/P1C29

RD7/P1D30

RC4/SDI/SDA23

RC5/SDO24

RC3/SCK/SCL18

RC2/P1A/CCP117

RC1/T1OSI/CCP216

RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI15

RB7/ICSPDAT40

RB6/ICSPCLK39

RB5/AN13/T1G38

RB4/AN1137

RD322

RD221

RD120

RD019

RC7/RX/DT26

RC6/TX/CK25

RE2/AN710

RE1/AN69

RE0/AN58


RD427



U3

PIC16F887

R210k

VDD

RXD

RTS

TXD

CTS

44%

RV2

1k

VDD

GND

V

8%

RV1

1k

VDD

GND

I

55.0

3

1

VOUT2

U1

LM35

GND

VDD

Q3BC547

VCC

RL35V 3.3V




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


9. HARDWARE OUTPUT

A. HARDWARE SETUP

Figure 7 Hardware setup

B. MOTOR RUNS AT FORWARD CONDITION

Figure 8 Indication of Clockwise rotation

By using the Android Mobile, We can command the voice signal as “FORWARD” to run the

motor. Then the DC Shunt Motor will rotate at Clockwise direction which is shown in LCD display.




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


C. MOTOR RUNS AT REVERSE CONDITIION

Figure 9 Indication of Anti-clockwise direction

The same way by commanding the voice signal as “REVERSE” to run the motor. Then the DC

Shunt Motor will rotate at Anti-clockwise direction which is shown in LCD display.

D. MOTOR RUNS AT 4000 rpm

Figure 10 Indication of Motor speed at 4000 rpm

Speed control is the major process of this project. Hence commanding the voice as 4000rpm through

Wi-Fi by using the Android Mobile the motor will run at given condition. In this project the starting

range of setting speed is 300rpm upto 6000rpm.




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


E. MOTOR RUNS AT 5000 rpm

Also we can cross check the DC Motor at various speeds. By commanding the voice signal through

the Android Mobile as 5000rpm to run the motor which is shown in LCD display. The speed changes

will be depend upon the logic states with the help of driver circuit L293D. And also frequency will be

changes for one cycle of revolution because the speed is directly proportional to the frequency.

Figure 11 Indication of Motor Speed at 5000 rpm

F. VOLTAGE AND CURRENT DETECTION

Figure 12 Indication of DC Motor Voltage




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


Figure 13 Indication of DC Motor Current

Figure 12 shows the DC motor voltage by voltage divider rule is 15V and Figure 13 shows the DC motor

current by current division rule is 19mA.

G. TEMPERATURE SENSOR

Figure 14 Indication of temperature

10. CONCLUSION

In previous system, the DC motor speed will be controlled using various techniques. But the speed

control will not be easy. The system will run the DC motor at fixed speed, to change the speed complete

setup will be altered. There is no advanced system to monitor the speed of the DC motor. The speed

value cannot be changed and load is not efficient. Cannot operate in explosive and hazard conditions and




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


not easy to adopt. In general projects, Android mobile can be used as a remote. For application regarding

home automation field, it is used as an ON/OFF process and in addition to that the speed can also be

varied. In this project Android mobile acts as a microphone. The command is given to the mobile and

speed of the motor can be varied and in turn the speed of the motor is displayed in Android application. In

Future work, the similar process is applied in AC motors to pump the water for irrigation purpose which

is useful to “Farmers”, to improve the agricultural field.

REFERENCES

[1] Ajai.T.Kochupurackal, Abin.Shaju, Ajil.Aleyas, swathy.Mohanan 2017, “Voice Integrated

Speed and Direction Control For DC Motor”, International Journal of Advanced Research in

Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 6, No.3, pp.1925-1930.

[2] B.Gokul, K.Karthi, A.Thiyagaseelan, V.Santhosh 2016, “Android Based Closed Loop Speed

Control of Dc Motor Using Voice Recognition via Bluetooth”, International Journal of

Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering(IJAREEIE)

Vol. 5, No.3, pp-1379-1385.

[3] Noorul S. Mubina, Bharathi P 2015, “Smart Home Automation Control Using Bluetooth And

GSM”, International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR), Vol.2, No. 8,

pp.2620-2624.

[4] S. Anita, S. Jothi 2015, “Implementation of Android Voice Recognition for Smart Home

Application Using Wi-Fi”, International Journal of Innovative Science and Modern

Engineering (IJISME), Vol. 3, No.5, pp. 9-13.

[5] D. Brunelli, M. Maggiorotti, L. Benini, and F. L. Bellifemine 2014, “Analysis of Audio

Streaming Capability”, IJSER International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Resear Vol.5,

No.1,pp. 2229-5518.

[6] Ritika Pahuja, Narender Kumar 2014, “Android Mobile Phone Controlled Wi-Fi Robot Using

8051 Microcontroller”, International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER),

Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 14-17.

[7] R.A.Ramlee,M.H.Leong,R.S.S.Singh,M.M.Ismail,M.A.Othman,H.A.Sulaiman,M.H.Misran,

M.A.Meor Said 2013, “Bluetooth remote home automation system using android application”,

International Journal of Engineering And Science (IJES), Vol. 2, No.1, pp. 149-153.

[8] Radhakrishna Karne, Chakradhar.A 2013, “An Enhanced Dc Motor Control Using the Speech

Recognition System”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE), Vol. 3,

No. 4, pp. 172-173

[9] M.Prathyusha, K.S.Roy, Mahaboob Ali 2013, “Voice and Touch Screen Based Direction and

Speed Control of Wheel Chair for Physically Challenged Using Arduino”, International

Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) ,Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 1242-1244.




VOL 2 ISSUE 4 (2018) PAGES 82 - 95


[10] Sabedin A. Meha, Besnik Haziri, Loreta N. Gashi 2011,“Controlling DC motor speed using

PWM from C# Windows application”, 15th International Research and Expert Conference,

"Trends in the Development of Machinery and Associated Technology”, Vol. 2, No.1, pp.195-

198.

[11] Sandeep Kumar and Mohammed A Qadeer 2009, “Universal Digital Device Automation and

Control”, in IEEE, Vol.3, No. 4, pp. 490-494.

[12] Wijetunge S.P., Wijetunge U.S., Peiris G.R.V, Aluthgedara C.S. and Samarasinghe A.T.L.K.

2008, “Design and Implementation of a Bluetooth based General Purpose Controlling

Module”, in IEEE, Vol.5, No. 2, pp. 206-211g Bluetooth And G


ANDROID BASED CLOSED LOOP SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR …techpublic.in/volume2issue4/paper10.pdf ·...

Documents

Transcript of ANDROID BASED CLOSED LOOP SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR …techpublic.in/volume2issue4/paper10.pdf ·...