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Lesson1: Hello Android Framework

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$G. 6%&).::.: 1#'%&*' *: $%>*#0 $& ^..6 %.:6:*L. E> %.)7/*9*#0 %.:&(%).:Y FG.%. /%.

0.#.%/77> L.%> ;.C &; $G.:. 6%&).::.:_ /#' $G.> C*77 E. ^*77.' > /: / 7/:$ %.:&%$Y

● A-$-Q)# M,%9#$$

Visible, but inactive processes are those hosting “visible” Activities. As the name

suggests, visible Activities are visible, but they aren’t in the fore0%&(#' &% %.:6'*#0 $&

(:.% .L.#$:Y FG*: G/66.#: CG.# /# 1)$*L*$> *: > 6/%$*/77> &E:)(%.' XE> / #+;(77+

screen or transparent Activity). There are generally very few visible processes, and they’ll

> E. ̂ *77.' *# .V$%.9. )*%)(9:$/#).: $& /77&C /)$*L. 6%&).::.: $& )$*#(.Y


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● 5#,;-9#$

2%&).::.: G&:$*#0 B.%L*).: $G/$ G/L. E..# :$/%$.'Y B.%L*).: :(66&%$ &*#0 6%&).::*#0

that should continue without a visible interface. Because Services don’t interact directly

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considered to be foreground processes and won’t be killed unless resources are needed

;&% /)$*L. &% L*:*E7. 6%&).::.:Y

● ^/92H,%F&+ M,%9#$$

Processes hosting Activities that aren’t visible and that don’t ha L. /#> B.%L*).: $G/$ G/L.

E..# :$/%$.' /%. ):*'.%.' E/)^0%&(#' 6%&).::.:Y FG.%. C*77 0.#.%/77> E. / 7/%0.

#(9E.% &; E/)^0%&(#' 6%&).::.: $G/$ 1#'%&*' C*77 ̂ *77 (:*#0 / 7/:$+:..#+;*%:$+^*77.'

6/$$.%# $& &E$/*# %.:&(%).: ;&% ;&%.0%&(#' 6%&).::.:Y

● Z0M:< M,%9#$$

F& *96%&L. &L.%/77 :>:$.9 6.%;&%9/#)._ 1#'%&*' &;$.# %.$/*#: /667*)/$*: *# 9.9&%>/;$.% $G.> G/L. %./)G.' $G. .#' &; $G.*% 7*;.$*9.:Y 1#'%&*' 9/*#$/*#: $G*: )/)G. $&

*96%&L. $G. :$/%$+up time of applications when they’re re+7/(#)G.'Y FG.:. 6%&).::.: /%.

%&($*#.7> ^*77.' /: %.a(*%.'Y

Modifying created project

1$ $G. E.0*##*#0 &; $G*: 7.::_ C. )%./$.' / 6%&3.)$ CG*)G )$/*#: + E> '.;/(7$ + / :*#07. :)%..#

(Activity) showing a “Hello World!” message. In this exercise, we’ll try to get familiar with $G.

/#'%&*' 6%&3.)$ :$%()$(%. E> '&*#0 $C& 9*#&% )G/#0.:Q

1 Changing the main activity’s name that shows up in the top bar

2 Changing the “Hello World!” message.

Change activity’s name

F& )G/#0. $G. 1)$*L*$> #/9. CG*)G :G&C: (6 *# $G. $&6 E/% &; $G. :)%..# /#d the “Hello World!”

9.::/0._ ;&77&C $G.:. :$.6:Q

1 Under “Package explorer” in the left pane, expand the 0,+ ;&7'.% (#'.% 6%&3.)$ =,++1%. ̀

2 UV6/#' F4)8,+ ;&7'.%

3 J&(E7. )7*)^ +#0"%9+`>2) ;*7.

4 @/^. :(%. $G. 7,+180(,+ $/E *: &6.#.'_ $G.# )7*)^.' .7.9.#$ #"#),c24"%c4(#"F"#:` 5 [# $G. %*0G$ :*'. &; $G. :)%..#_ (#'.% ;*.7' K4)8,de %.67/). “MainActivity” C*$G “Lesson

1”

6 -7*)^ .7.9.#$ $,))1cE10)5e $G.# (#'.% ;*.7' K4)8,d , replace “Hello World!” with “ X,))1

!10)5 G012 D%501"5 D`V`3`!”

7 B/L. )G/#0.: + .*$G.% E> 6%.::*#0 3V7=BO &% E> )7*)^*#0 $G. :/L. E($$ *# U)7*6:.Y


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8 Run the project and you’ll see the changes on the main screen of your application:

1)$*L*$> /;$.% 9&'*;*)/$*


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Lesson 2

Android SDK Tools and Activity Class

*&+,%-+ 5%D:1/,# "/:$.9 *: 9/'. (6 &; :.L.%/7 7/>.%: /: :G&C# *# $G. ;*0(%. E.7&CY

Linux kernel

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/E:$%/)$* 7/>.% E.$C..# $G. G/%'C/%. /#' $G. %.:$ &; $G. :&;$C/%. :$/)^Y =*#(V *: / 6%&L.#'%*L.% 9&'.7 /#' .;;*)*.#$ *# %.:&(%). 9/#/0.9.#$Y

C/C++ Libraries

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6%&).::.: $& )&96&:. 8J /#' IJ 0%/6G*) 7/>.%:Y FG.> /%. /7:& %.:6:*E7. ;&% 9.'*/ ;%/9.C&%̂


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/''*$* $& :(66&%$*#0 ;$:_ '/$/ :$&%/0._ /#' C.E E%&C:.%:Y

Android Runtime

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1#'%&*' %(#$*9. )$/*#: )&%. 7*E%/%*.: $G/$ /%. C%*$$.# *# o/L/ 7/#0(/0. /#' )$/*#: &; $G.

)&77.)$* )7/::.:_ $G. ($*7*$*.:_ "[ /#' &$G.% $&&7:Y

Application Framework

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CG*)G /%. *#:$/77.' *# $G. '.L*)._ $G. F.7.6G> @/#/0.% )$/*#: &; / :.$ &; 12" #.).::/%> ;&%

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Application layer

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o/L/ 6%&0%/99*#0 7/#0(/0.Y

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:(66&%$ ;&% $G.:. 7*E%/%*.:Q

/&+,%-+];-#1

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user’s interaction with the UI. The View class +6/%$ &; $G*: 6/)^/0.+ *: $G. 9&:$ *96&%$/#$ S"

)7/:: CG*)G &$G.% :)%..# )&96.#$: *#G.%.#$ ;%&9Y

/&+,%-+]1-+H#:

The widget package contains GUI elements to use on your Application’s screen. This package

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/&+,%-+]F:-)

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q@= 6/%:.%:Y


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/&+,%-+]/MM

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The Android Manifest File

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/%. :&9. &; $G. *#;&%9/$* $G. 9/#*;.:$ )$/*#:Q

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/667*)/$*Y

● A detailed description of the application’s components, i.e. the activities, services, E%&/')/:$ %.).*L.%:_ /#' )$.#$ 6%&L*'.%: $G/$ $G. /667*)/$* *: )&96&:.' &;Y U/)G &;

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● "$ '.)7/%.: $G. 9*#*9(9 7.L.7 &; $G. 1#'%&*' 12" $G/$ $G. /667*)/$* %.a(*%.:Y FG*: L/7(.

determines whether your application is supported on a certain device’s Android OS

L.%:* &% #&$Y

Structure of the Manifest File

The image below is a sample of a manifest file that shows the structure and every element that

it can contain.

Android SDK Tools 1#'%&*' BJK *#:$/77.' 7&)/77> >&(% '*:^_ )&9.: C*$G / :.$ &; $&&7: $G/$ /%. L.%> G.76;(7 ;&%

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$+2T:%%)$ CG.%. 567 *: $G. *#:$/77/$* ;&7'.% &; >&(% BJKY FG. ;&77&C*#0 *: / 7*:$ &; $G. 9&:$

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, 66J5Q B$/#': ;&% Dalvik Debug Monitor Server, it’s a debugging tool which provides:)%..# )/6$(%. $G. '.L*)._ $G%./' /#' G./6 *#;&%9/$* $G. '.L*)._ 7&0)/$_ 6%&).::_

/#' %/'*& :$/$. *#;&%9/$*_ *#)&9*#0 )/77 /#' B@B :6&&;*#0_ 7&)/$* '/$/ :6&&;*#0_ /#'

9&%.Y


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F& %(# JJ@B ;%&9 U)7*6:.Q -7*)^ P-&+%1 b LM#& V#,$M#9:-;# b L:U#,]]] b 66J5Y

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L*:(/7 %.6%.:.#$/$* &; $G. 7/>&($d: M*.C G*.%/%)G> X$G. =/>&($ M*.CZ /#' / 9/0#*;*.'

*#:6.)$&% &; $G. '*:67/>


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Android ATC © 2012 7;

I *6^Q 1#'%&*' J.E(0 r%*'0. X/'EZ *: / )&99/#' 7*#. $&&7 $G/$ 7.$: >&( )&99(#*)/$.

C*$G /# .9(7/$&% &% )#.)$.' 1#'%&*'+6&C.%.' 6G.Y "$ *: / )7*.#$+:.%L.% 6%&0%/9

$G/$ *#)7('.:Q / )7*.#$_ CG*)G %(#: >&(% '.L.7&69.#$ 9/)G*#._ / :.%L.%_ CG*)G %(#: /:

/ E/)^0%&(#' 6%&).:: >&(% '.L.7&69.#$ 9/)G*#._ /#' / '/.9_ CG*)G %(#: /: /

E/)^0%&(#' 6%&).:: ./)G .9(7/$&% &% '.L*). *#:$/#).Y

N "%H9/:Q A mechanism for collecting and viewing system debug output. Logs from

various applications and portions of the system are collected, which then can be viewed

and filtered by the !"#$%& command. You can use !"#$%& from an ADB shell to view

the log messages using command adb logcat, or more preferrably, use DDMS from

within Eclipse to see your application logs in the logcat view

To log a message in your application and make it viewable through logcat, use the

following syntanx:

Log.i("Application Tag", "This is the logged message”);

R 8,/9#;-#1@ This is a graphical viewer for execution data saved by your application. It

help you debug your application and profile its performance. Traceview is located under

tools/ SDK directory.

Activity life-cycle through Java

1)$*L*$> *: $G. E/:. )7/:: ;&% .L.%> 1#'%&*' /667*)/$* )&96.#$ $G/$ )$/*#: 0%/6G*)/7 (:.%

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In Lesson 1, you have seen a description of the an Android’s activity life+)>)7.Y UL.%> :$/$. &; $G*:

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BJK 6%&L*'.: / )/77E/)^ 9.$G&' ;&% ./)G .L.#$ *# /# /)$*L*$> 7*;.+)>)7.Y FG. ;&77&C*#0 *: :^.7.$

of a Java class which extends Activity and overrides it’s life+)>)7. .L.#$:Y

!"#$%& "#$%&'$("))(*+,'-',./ !"#$%& "#$%&'$(&0(12#$34/ #'()!* *)+,, 5.*+,'-',. -.&-/0, *+,'-',. 6

!! #$%%&' $( ()& *($+( ,- ()& -.%% %/-&(/0&1 712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 %4",4912#$34 '+'+34: 6

,'#-%(%4",49'+'+34:/ !! 23/(/$%/4& $5(/6/(71

; !! #$%%&' $-(&+ ,3#+&$(& )$* -/3/*)&'8 .*& (, +&*(,+& 92 *($(& 712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 ,",4: 6

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; !! #$%%&' $( ()& *($+( ,- ()& 6/*/=%& %/-&(/0&1 712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 >,"%,9:6

,'#-%(>,"%,9:/ !! D>>%7 $37 +&?./+&' 92 5)$3A& 3,C ()$( ()& D5(/6/(7 /* 6/*/=%&1

; !! #$%%&' $( ()& *($+( ,- ()& $5(/6& %/-&(/0&1 712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 '$(&*8 ()+&$'*8 ,+ >+,5&**&* +&?./+&' !! =7 ()& $5(/6/(7 =.( *.*>&3'&' C)&3 /( C$* /3$5(/6&1

; !! #$%%&' (, *$6& 92 *($(& 5)$3A&* $( ()& !! &3' ,- ()& $5(/6& %/-&575%&1

712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 >"-4=#0,"#+4>,",4912#$34 0"-4$=#0,"#+4>,",4: 6

!! ;$6& 92 *($(& 5)$3A&* (, ()& *$6&'23*($35&;($(&1

!! +,5&** /* !! B/%%&' $3' +&*($+(&'1 ,'#-%(>"-4=#0,"#+4>,",490"-4$=#0,"#+4>,",4:/

; !! #$%%&' $( ()& &3' ,- ()& $5(/6& %/-&(/0&1 712-%%!0-

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#'()!* 2$!0 @"2049:6 !! ;.*>&3' 92 .>'$(&*8 ()+&$'*8 ,+ #E9 /3(&3*/6& >+,5&**&* // that don’t need to be updated when the Activity isn’t !! ()& $5(/6& -,+&A+,.3' $5(/6/(71 ,'#-%(@"2049:/

; !! #$%%&' $( ()& &3' ,- ()& 6/*/=%& %/-&(/0&1 712-%%!0- #'()!* 2$!0 >,&)9:6

!! ;.*>&3' +&0$/3/3A 92 .>'$(&*8 ()+&$'*8 ,+ >+,5&**/3A // that aren’t required when the Activity isn’t visible. !! E&+*/*( $%% &'/(* ,+ *($(& 5)$3A&* !! $* $-(&+ ()/* 5$%% ()& >+,5&** /* %/B&%7 (, =& B/%%&'1 ,'#-%(>,&)9:/

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; ;

Create an Activity

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Android ATC © 2012 7>

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/# q@= %.:&(%). ;*7. :/L.' (#'.% ,#$T)/&($Q


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Android ATC © 2012 7?

/ 4*0G$ )7*)^ ,#$T)/ '&*#0 $G*:_ $G. 1#'%&*' :>:$.9 C&(7' E.

notified of the activity’s presence. If you omit this step, then your Java and layout files

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) -7*)^ *++]]] $G.# )G&&:. *9:-;-:&(

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Lesson 3: ListActivity and ListView

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List Views and List Activity

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Using a ListActivity

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2 Create a String array of element you want to display. Let’s assume we want to display a

7*:$ &; 1#'%&*' L.%:* #/9.:Q

static final String[] ANDROID_OS = new String[] {“Cupcake”, “Donut”, "Eclaire”, “Froyo”,

”GingerBread", “HoneyComb”, "Ice Cream Sandwich", "JellyBean" };

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1'/6$.%: /%. o/L/ )7/::.: (:.' *# 1#'%&*' BJK $& E*#' >&(% 6%.:.#$/$* 7/>.%

$& '/$/ :&(%).:Y FG.%. /%. '*;;.%.#$ :(E+)7/::.: &; 1'/$6.% '.6.#'*#0 $G.

$>6. &; '/$/ $& E. E&(#'_ 7*^. 1%%/>1'/6$.%_ -(%:&%1'/6$.%YYY.$)Y

Adding ListView

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“Composite” category of the palette pane.


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3 B.$ $G. *' 6%&6.%$> &; $G. =*:$M*.C $& $G. 6%.;.%%.' #/9.Y F& )G/#0. / 6%&6.%$> *# /

C*dget in the layout visual editor, click on it, then a “properties” view will show up in

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public class ListFruitActivity extends ListActivity {

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

//Get a reference to the list view widget

ListView listVieww = (ListView) getElemenById(R.id.listViewOS);

}

5 -%./$. / B$%*#0 /%%/> &; 1#'%&*' [B L.%:* #/9.: >&( C/#$ $& '*:67/>Q

static final String[] ANDROID_OS = new String[] {“Cupcake”, “Donut”, "Eclaire”, “Froyo”,

”GingerBread", “HoneyComb”, "Ice Cream Sandwich", "JellyBean" };


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36/84

Android ATC © 2012 8?

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Methods to remember● 0.$=*:$M*.CXZ

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● 1%%/>1'/6$.%X-$.V$_ 7/>&($_ B$%*#0efZ

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Lesson 4: Intents and Intent filters

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name “ActivityTwo.class”. You can think of the two parameter of the constructor, as the source and

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Implicit Intents

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Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse(“tel:555+1234”));

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*=8CLSh5Z*[=( =/(#)G.: $G. S" ;&% 6.%;&%9*#0 / :./%)GY B(667> $G. :./%)G $.%9

as a string in the Intent’s extras using the SearchManager.QUERY key.

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to be selected by the resolved Activity). Use setType to set the Intent’s type as the

transmitted data’s mime type. The data itself should be stored as an extra using the key

UqF41hFUqF &% UqF41hBF4U1@ '.6.#'*#0 $G. $>6.Y

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*=8CLShACZP *: 9&:$ )&99 0.#.%*) /)$*Y "$ /:^: $G/$ $G. '/$/ :(667*.' *# $G.

Intent’s URI be viewed in the most reasonable manner. Different components will

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by using Intent’s method MF:ZO:,/_` *# $G. )/77*#0 /)$*L*$> /#' 9.$G&' H#:ZO:,/_` *# $G.

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with “http://” and expects ACTION_VIEW. By default, every Android system has a default

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of the intent, and allows you to get the intent’s data for processing.

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Lesson 5: Custom Views

Introduction

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E(*7$+*# L*.C:Y FG*: 7.::: :G&C: >&( G&C $& )%./$. >&(% &C# )(:$&9*T.' L*.C: $G/$ )/# E.

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)/# )G/#0. $G. '.;/(7$ E.G/L*&% &; $G. F.V$M*.C E> /''*#0 / 7.;$+$&+%*0G$ :C*6.

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part that doesn’t.

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Android ATC © 2012 :7

my_text_view_list.xml

#G'1T'G*%1AG7%&'N 2.60-%6b72#-5'GA%6'EMN>2')EG@201.'N 2.60-%6b72#-5'GE1%BE'MNA02@G)-.'1.'N >

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Lesson 6: Dialogs and Toasts

Dialogs

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E7(%%.'Y

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$G.%. *: #& #..' $& /'' *$ $& $G. 9/#*;.:$Y J*/7&0: /%. /# *96&%$/#$ 6/%$ &; /# 1#'%&*'

application. They are used to show messages to user, show latest updates, take user’s input YYY.$)Y

F& /)G*.L. $G*: 6(%6&:._ >&( )/# (:. . &; $G. ;&77&C*#0 $.)G#*a(.:Q

1 Use Android’s built+*# J*/7&0 :(E+)7/::.:Q FG.:. /%. J*/7&0 E&V.: 6%&L*'.' E> 1#'%&*'

BJKY FG.> /77 .V$.#' $G. J*/7&0 )7/::

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$G.# '*:/66./%Y F&/:$: are not necessarily attached to an activity’s lifecycle. That’s why

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Dialog sub-classes

1#'%&*' 6%&L*'.: / :.$ &; J*/7&0 :(E+classes that you’re recommended to use. These are:

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&; ):$%()$*#0 9&:$ '*/7&0 (:.% *#$.%;/).: /#' *: $G. :(00.:$.' '*/7&0 $>6.Y B..=,#/:-&H /& *)#,: 6-/)%H :.)$* 7/$.% *# $G*: 7.::Y

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Creating dialogs with user-defined layout

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(:.%_ >&( 9*0G$ #..' $& )%./$. >&(% &C# '*/7&0Y i.%. *: G&C $& '& *$Q

● Create layout resource, in the res/layout folder. Let’s call the file 5"4)19cF",E`>2)

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Creating an Alert Dialog

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CG&7. /)$*L*$> 1)$*L*$> (:*#0 9.$G&' G"%"+$TUY

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not be guaranteed that a user will read the message. That’s why toasts are not used for critical

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Customizing Toasts

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message and a button, and it’s displayed at the top of the screen.

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Methods to remember

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Lesson 7: More UI - Options Menu,

Context Menu, and WebView

Introduction

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Menus 5&( )/# E(*7' / 9.#( '*%.)$7> ;%&9 o/L/ )&'. &% ;%&9 / %.:&(%). ;*7. (#'.% 0,+A2,%8`

Building a menu from Java code

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The following code snippet creates a menu in an Activity and adds two items to it, “Settings” and

“Exit”.

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Building a menu from a resource file

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/#' $G. $*$7. ;*.7':Y


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FG. "' ;*.7' *# $G. /$$%*E($.: ;&%9 /E&L. *: .a(*L/7.#$ $& $G. $G*%:$ 6/%/9.$.% &;9.$G&' /++_` .V67/*#.' E.;&%.Y FG*: *: / )%()*/7 /$$%*E($. $& G/#'7. .L.#$ /9.#( *$.9Y 4./' section “Handle Select Events” 7/$.% *# $G*: 7.:: ;&% 9&%.*#;&%9/$*Y

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8/17/2019 Android Application Developmen

Android Application Development E-Book

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