The Roman Empire

The legend of Romulus and Remus

● Clothes: toga, palla, stola, tunic, sandals

● Gladiators: arenas, Colloseum, lions

● Emperors: Julius Caesar (+Cleopatra, Mark Anthony, Brutus) Augustus, Nero, Constantine, Caligula

● Roman army and weapons: centurion, legionaires, legionary, siege weapons

● Chariot racing: Circus Maximus

● Pompeii, Mt. Vesuvius

● Public baths: frigidarium, tepidarium, caldarium

● Architecture and technology: aqueducts, heating, sewage

● Theatre● Religion and supersition:

Gods and Goddesses, Temples, funerals, rituals, sacrifice

● Senate/Senators (politicians)

● Roman empire● Romulus and Remus

● 7 hills of Rome● Hairstyles, make up,

jewelery● Hadrian's Wall ● Monuments: Trajan's

Column● SPQR (symbol)● Food and drink● Thermopylae● Latin language● Roman numerals● Children and school and

games ● Women in Rome

● Roman housing: villa, domus, insulae

● Paintings, drawings, mosaics (tiny tiles to make pictures)

● Vomitorium● Roman society: slaves,

citizens, patricians, plebeians

● Afterlife, underworld, Charon and the River Styx

● Statues, ● Arts and crafts and work● Forum: market

● Gladiators, Arenas, Colloseum

● Chariot Racing: Circus Maximus

● Roman army: centurion

● Clothes: togas, palla, stola, tunic, sandals

● Monuments: Trajan's Column

● Money● Statues, paintings,

mosaics,

● Emperors: Julius Caesar, Nero, Augustus

● Mark Anthony: Senators (politicians)

● Roman calendar, Roman numerals

● Architecture: heating, sewage, aqueducts

● Romulus and Remus● Roman gods,

goddesses, sacrifice, rituals, temples, religious beliefs

● Roman empire● Women in Rome● Democracy: Senates,

consuls● Weapons● Superstition● Jewelery and ornaments● Latin language● Sport, public baths● Afterlife● Slave● Patricians, Plebeians● Roman society

● Children, school and games

● Pompeii● Mount Vesuvius● Food and drink● Vomitorium● Thermopylae● Houses: Villa, Domus,

Insulae● Arts and crafts and work● Market: the Forum

How do we know about Ancient Rome?

● Archaeology and artefacts and buildings, statues, Pompeii, etc..

● Written documents from the time: records, letters, books

● What other civilisations wrote about the Romans

● Secondary source: history books

Roman Baths

Keywords: Roman Baths● Hot room (caldarium)● Warm room

(tepidarium)● Cold room

(frigidarium)● Boilers to heat water● Exercise area● Food/drink/books

available

● Massages● Olive oil scraped off

with a 'strigil'● Separate areas for

men and women`

Houses and dwellings● VILLA- luxury house● DOMUS- house● INSULAE- blocks of flats or appartments● Lares and Penates: household gods

Arenas and Gladiator fights

The Colloseum

Chariot Racing: the Circus Maximus

The Forum

Triumphal arches

City walls and gates

Temples

Roman Theatre (Amphitheatre) for plays and music

Acqueducts: carried water to the cities and towns

Roman clothing: key words● Toga● Stola● Palla● Tunics● Sandals

Thermoplae: where fast food could be bought

Roman food and eating: key words and information

● Ate lying down● Vomitorium● Food: meat, fish, fruit,

vegetables, olive oil.● Speciality: stuffed

mice, stuffed songbird, fried snail

● Garum sauce: spicy sauce to cover up taste

● Feasts● Dinner: CENA● Rich people:

entertainment during meals: gladiator fights, singers, dancers

● Drank: water, wine

Standard bearers leading the infantry

Roman Cavalry

The 'tortoise'

The Roman Army: Key Words● Legions● Legionaries● Century● Centurions● Javelin (or Pilum) or

spear● Short stabbing sword● Shield ● Dagger

● Helmet● Sandals● Camps● Forts● Standard (or symbol

of a legion)● Standard bearer● The 'tortoise'● Cavalry● Siege Weapons:

catapult, giant crossbow, balistas

Charon and the River Styx

Religion in Ancient Rome● Gods● Goddesses● Temples● Statues● Pantheon in Rome● Shrines in homes● Sacrifices● Vestal virgins

(Temple of Vesta)●

● Lares and Penates: household gods

● Haruspex: examined internal organs to predict future

● Augurs: predict the future

● Sometimes by looking at bird flight patterns

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Funerals, Burial, and the Afterlife

● Charon● The River Styx● Coin in mouth● Hades or the Underworld● Pluto: God of Underworld● Tombs● Burial● Cremation● Urns (jars) for ashes● Catacombs:

underground passages

● Funeral processions● Mourners, musicians,

dancers● Carried on a litter● Sarcophagus: coffin● Christians persecuted● Emperor Constantine

converted to Christianity

Arts and crafts in Ancient Rome● Painting● Sculpture● Mosaics (pictures

with small tiles)● Music● Plays● Potters● Carpenters● Blacksmiths

Education in Ancient Rome● Only children of wealthy families went to school● Used wax tablets rather than paper● Wrote with stylus● Older boys (and sometimes but not often, girls)

sometimes went to Grammar School● Studied Greek, Latin, History, Geography,

Mathematics and works by writers like (Plato and Aristotle)