Ancient Greece

Influences from Ancient Greece

OBJECTIVES • Identify the ways geography and climate

shaped Greek life• Explain the rise and development of

Mycenaean civilization• Describe how Homer and Greek myths

contributed to early Greek Culture

Vocabulary • Peninsula: body of land surrounded by water

on three sides • Mycenaean: Settled on Greek mainland

around 2000 bc• Minoans: Sea faring and trading people that

lived on the island of Crete• Epics: Narrative poems celebrating heroic

deeds

Vocabulary • Trojan War: A war fought between a

Mycenaean army and the independent city of Troy in 1200 B.C.

• Fresco: a mural done with watercolors on wet plaster

• Myth: a traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event

Geography

Geography • Peninsula • Mediterranean Sea/ Aegean Sea • Mountainous• Lacked Natural Resources• Little usable farmland• Climate 48 degrees in Winter/80 degress

summer• Active volcanoes and earthquakes are

common

Minoans

Minoans • The Minoans helped to shape the first

Greek civilization.• 3000 B.C. on Island of Crete • Life tied to sea…Sailing, Trade, Fishing• Frescoes shows Women as Priests• Can’t decipher language• Possible ends to Minoans… Volcano or

Mycenaean's

Minoans

Minoans • Myth of Minotaur• Head of bull and

body of Man

http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/aegean/pre-greece/minoan/minoan.html

Minoans • http://www.europeupclose.com/article/iraklio

-and-knossos-greece/• http://civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/gre

ece/gr1020e.shtml

Mycenaean

Mycenaean • Traded with Minoans until defeat of

Crete• Powerful Kings • Taxed trade and farming

Mycenaean

Lion’s Gate

Mycenaean• Drought, famines, invasions, end of trade

were factors in the downfall of the Mycenae's in 1100 BC

• Dark Ages followed• People struggled to survive

Quiz (8 pts)• What geographical term is used to describe

Greece’s land formation?• What ancient culture was located on the

island of Crete?• Describe how the Mythical Creature the

Minotaur looked like? • Did Greece have useable farm land?

Trojan War

Trojan War • War between City of Troy and Mycenae's• Most important events in Greek

Mythology • Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey• Epics • Passed through history though spoken

word

Trojan War • Major Characters• Achilles: Greek Warrior/Achilles Heel• Hector: Trojan Prince/brother to

Paris• Paris: Took Helen from Sparta• Helen: Wife of Spartan King • Ajax: Greek Warrior/Killed by Hector

Trojan War

• Trojan Horse

Giovanni Tiepolo painted The Procession of the Trojan Horse into Troy in 1760.Courtesy National Gallery, London

Trojan War • 1870 German Archaeologist Heinrich

Schliemann found Troy in modern day Turkey

• http://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/ancient/enlarge/ancient-troy.html

Objectives • Identify the different political

systems that developed in the Greek City-States

Vocabulary • Polis: City-State• Acropolis: Fortified hilltop where citizens

gathered to discuss city government• Agora: Open air marketplace• Monarchy: King ruled government• Oligarchy: Government ruled by powerful

people

Vocabulary • Tyrants: Powerful individuals who gained

control of a city-state appealing to the poor for support

City-States

City-States • A City-State is like a small country--

includes a city and the surrounding countryside

• Several Hundred• Athens and Sparta best known • A Greek city-states was known as a polis

made up of two parts: 1) Acropolis

2) Agora

City-States

Parthenon of Athens example of Acropolis

City-States • Each city state had different system of

government• Monarchy• Aristocracy• Oligarchy• Tyrants

Objectives• Describe the government of

Athens• Explain how Athenian and

Spartan governments differed

Activity• Pair up with the person near you. Come

up with 20 traits that are Common between Athens and Sparta and 20 Traits that are different between Athens and Sparta

• Can use the internet and turn in one piece of paper for everyone in your group