Ancient greece museum4

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Gods/Goddesses in Society

The Women Battle: Athens

VS. Sparta Mashing it Up

The Wisdom of Socrates

Museum of Ancient Greece

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Izzy Kalodner, Abi Erhamza and Talia Rhinehart have been friends since the beginning of middle school. They have all worked with Indiana Jones and were the first to find dinosaur bones. They have also discovered where many supposedly fantastical lands lie, but have promised all the rulers not to tell anyone.

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Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Lindsey Warneka under the direction of Dr. Christy Keeler during a Teaching American History grant module. View the Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique.

http://www.hatboro-horsham.org/4067362111456/FileLib/browse.asp?A=374&BMDRN=2000&BCOB=0&C=51541

http://www.keelers.com/christy

http://christykeeler.com/EducationalVirtualMuseums.html

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Artifact 2 Artifact 3 Artifact 4

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The Women Battle:Sparta VS. Athens!


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The Wisdom of Socrates


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The Women Battle:Sparta VS. Athens!


The Wisdom of

Socrates

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Welcome to the Museum of Ancient Greece! We hope you enjoy your visit here and come out of it knowing all about Greek philosophy, women and mythology!

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Citations:"Greek running girl." Image. Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY. Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 16 Jan. 2013."Greek culture: family." Image. Neil Harrison/Dreamstime.com. Daily Life throughHistory. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. -- -. Terracotta stamnos (jar). ca. 450–440 B.C. painting on jar. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NYhttp://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/gr/web-large/DP224714.jpg Unknown. Terracotta neck-amphora (jar). ca. 500 B.C. painting on jar metropolitan museum of art, 1000 Fifth Avenue (at 82nd Street) New York, NY 10028. http://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/gr/web-large/DP226806.jpg The Erbach Painter. Bell Krater. N.d. Bell Krater Pottery. The British Museum, Britain.Unknown. Bust. N.d. Bust Of Hera. The British Museum, Britain.-- -. Gre;t Eleusinian Relief. N.d. Marble Relief Fragment. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. -- -. Statuette of Ares. N.d. Statuette of Ares. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New YorkEncyclopedia of the Ancient Greek World. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Facts on File. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. <http://www.fofweb.com/NuHistory/default.asp?ItemID=WE49&NewItemID=True>.McCaffery, Elisabeth. "Dionysus." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 15 Jan. 2013Moulton, Ed. Carroll, comp. Ancient Greece and Rome: An Encyclopedia for Students. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=RELEVANCE&inPS=true&prodId=GVRL&userGroupName=mapl68679&tabID=T003&searchId=R1&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&contentSegment=&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCX2897200400&&docId=GALE|CX2897200400&docType=GALE>.Roy, Christian. "Panhellenic games." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory Aldrete. "Children in Ancient Greece." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. "Entertainment in Ancient Greece." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. "Religious Beliefs in the Ancient World." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. "Religious Beliefs in Greece: Ancient World." Daily Life through History.ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.Vivante, Bella. "Greek Women and Ritual: Ancient World." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.

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Welcome to the Museum of Ancient Greece! We hope you enjoy your visit here and come out of it knowing all about Greek philosophy, women and mythology!

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More Citations!"Athenian and Spartan Families: Key Question." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. Funerary stele of a soldier with his wife and children, Greek, around 390–380 BCE. [Vanni Archive/Corbis] Garland, Robert. "Athenian and Spartan Families: The "Antithetical" Spartan Family." Daily Life through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 16 Jan. 2013."Athenian women." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. "Spartan women." World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 18 Jan. 2013Cook, James. "Socrates." Encyclopedia of Ancient Literature. N.p.: n.p., n.d. 1. Facts on File. Web. 16 Jan. 2013. <http://www.fofweb.com/NuHistory/default.asp?ItemID=WE49&NewItemID=True>.The Greeks. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/empires/thegreeks/htmlver/>.Mr. Moore's, Ancient Greece Handouts. "Greek Philosophers." 4th Period. South Orange Middle School. 16 Jan. 2013. Reading."Socrates." Ancient and Medival History Online. Facts on File, 2005. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. <http://www.fofweb.com/NuHistory/default.asp?ItemID=WE49&NewItemID=True>.

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Demeter is at the left and at the right is Persephone, her daughter. Each goddess extends her right hand toward a youth, most likely Triptolemos, who was sent by Demeter to teach men how to grow and harvest grain. The relief (this is one of ten pieces) was found at the sanctuary of Demeter at Eleusis, the site of the Eleusinian mysteries. The Eleusinian Mysteries were the most famous of all cult rituals and the best-known mystery religion of the ancient world. It was a festival honoring Demeter and Persephone. Beginning in around the 16thcentury B.C., it was celebrated every year at the sanctuary of Demeter in Eleusis. The mysteries were open to everyone as long as they were a citizen and could speak Greek. The festival was composed of a series of complicated rituals that came together in the Mystery, a ritual that revealed Demeter's central secret. As you can see, there were groups of followers for specific gods or goddesses, although they prayed to others too.

The Eleusinian Mysteries pertain to my answer in a simple way. The fact that everyone was allowed into them shows that that anyone and everyone worshipped the two goddesses. Even though serfs were usually tenders of the fields and harvests, rich women, men and the poor all took part.

Ancient Greeks prayed to specific gods/goddesses depending on the circumstances and there was no specific type of person that prayed to a specific god.

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This bell-krater (a large vase used to mix wine and water) is painted with a picture of Apollo and Dionysus being attended to by various people. Their heads are at thesame height, showing that they are equal to each other. The Dionysus shown here is young.

The curious thing about this bell-krater is that Satyrs and Maenads are attending both of the the gods. You would think that since the Satyrs and Maenads were figures in the train of Dionysus, they wouldn’t worship Apollo. But as depicted on this bell krater, they did! Also, although this bell-krater doesn’t show it, Dionysus’s followers were like him, excitable and very often extremely drunk. In my question, I asked whether what a god or goddess was like influenced the kind of people that prayed to that god or goddess. And in some cases, like Dionysus’s followers, yes! He influenced the acts of his devotees. This relates to my answer because his followers were exactly like him but worshipped others. In the case of the satyrs, they worshipped Pan and Dionysus.



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This is a altar for a much overlooked goddess, Hestia. She is an overlooked goddess because of the fact she pertains mostly to females who were overlooked in Greek society. She looks over “the hearth”or the family. Largely ignored in myths, Hestia played a crucial role as goddess of the hearth. When entering her husband's home at marriage, the Greek bride was led three times around the central hearth fire to establish her role as the new mistress of the household. Also, each morning, the lady household head dedicated prayers and offerings to Hestia, asking her for a successful household with many sons. Hestia's main importance is shown by the fact that at the major sanctuary for Zeus at Olympia, daily offerings were made first to Hestia before Zeus and the other deities honored there.

Hestia is proof against my answer, actually. Apparently, she was mainly worshipped by women and barely any men prayed to her at all. She was the goddess of family and men had no interest in the running of the household. This goes to show that thoughmost every god or goddess had diverse followers, some did not.


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Ancient Greeks prayed to specific gods/goddesses Depending on the circumstances and there was no specific type of person that prayed to a specific god.

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All women in Greece had the same basic goal given to them by society; be a good wife and mother and bear healthy children. What made the women of Sparta and Athens different from each other in this goal was the way they went about it. Unlike Athenian women, Spartan women would exercise while pregnant to birth a strong child and soldier if male.

Women in Athens and women in Sparta get their similarities and differences (mainly dealing with freedoms) from their society and government.


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Spartan women actually always exercised and participated in sports such as running, the discus and javelin throw, and wrestling. This was because of the government they grew up in. Sparta was ruled by two kings advised by a council of elders. They decreed that everyone in Sparta should be devoted to the needs of the state and not an individual. Therefore both genders were physically trained for the sake of the state to defend it or in the women’s case, produce soldiers to do so. Women, although not in the army, have at times defended their community against outside armies.



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Athenian women on the other hand were very restricted, rarely able to even exit the house except for special occasions like a festival or to do a simple chore like fetching water. They were expected to do things like the cooking, sewing, and other domestic chores. Other activities they did included managing the household and slaves and teach daughters to be good mothers and wives. Unlike Spartan women, they could not own land but could pass down property to a male heir or guardian if need be. Athenian women also did not have jobs, dependent on a male relative or husband. The only exception was being a priestess.



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Socrates was famous. His fame was spread all through Greece. He was so famous that he was brought to the attention of the Oracle of Delphi. The Oracle of Delphi was a priestess that delivered messages from Apollo, the sun god of prophecy and music.The Oracle of Delphi proclaimed that Socrates was the wisest man in all of Greece. What did Socrates do? Instead of celebrating, Socrates tried to prove the Oracle wrong, for he always proclaimed that he "knew nothing." Socrates had always sought out those who proclaimed that they knew everything to prove them worng. So naturally, he used his own method to try to prove the Oracle wrong.

Socrates taught his students using the Socratic Method, because he believed that moral virtue could be taught.


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This artifact is depicting Socrates and his most famous student, Plato, who also is one of the biggest three philosophers of Ancient Greece. Plato's student, Aristotle, is the third. But where did Socrates teach? In fact, Socrates taught everywhere. He had no school, so he taught and questioned any men (no women) that came to him. In the marketplace, under a tree, or even in his own house, Socrates taught everywhere. However, his student Plato did set up a school, named the Platonic Academy.



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Socrates strongly believed that moral virtue could be taught. From this belief came the SOCRATIC METHOD, a question-and-answer method that helped a person rethink their past beliefs. A question Socrates might ask his pupils would be "What are the characteristics of a citizen?" From there, Socrates would suggest what was wrong with the answer. This is how Socrates was able to make his student reflect on their past beliefs.



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This is a statuette of a figure thought to be Ares, the god of war. It’s been made as an offering to him, or as a tribute. Many of this figures have been found, both of Ares and various other gods and goddesses. Ares was a god that was most often prayed to when there was a war. And according to Greek mythology, he was in quite a few of them! For example, in the Trojan War, Ares backed the Trojans. Although Ares most often was faced with humiliation, his strength and power was valued by soldiers. He is prayed to mostly in one circumstance: war.

This relates to my answer because Ares shows that in specific circumstances, specific gods or goddesses are prayed to. Overall, Greeks were diverse in their worship.



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The government of Athens was a democracy and believed in giving "everyone" a voice although it only referred to men who were considered citizens unlike everyone else. Because of the sexist society in Athens women did not participate in political affairs and were very restricted due to their role as a woman which required them to stay in the household and basically only communicate with women unless a male relative or husband. A women going out of her "sphere" would make her appear sexually loose to the public.

Women in Athens and women and Sparta get their similarities and differences (mainly dealing with freedoms) from their society and government.


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Socrates was born in the Athens, the year 469 B.C. His father was a stonecutter in the middle class named Sophroniskos. Socrates studied under the teaching of Anaxagoras, another philosopher, in his youth. Socrates, however, wasn't interested in physics and cosmology. He was more interested in ethics (the moral principles of a person.) Socrates believed that moral virtue could be achieved through learning. From this belief rose the greatest philosopher the world will ever see.



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