Ancient egypt
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Transcript of Ancient egypt
![Page 1: Ancient egypt](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070315/55511ab0b4c905f10b8b51bf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ancient Egypt
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Location• Egypt was located in the Nile River Floodplain• Predictable flooding• Fertile farmland• Three Seasons of the Nile
• Farming Season• Floodwaters disappear which left rich farmland
• Harvest Season• Farmers harvest crops
• Flood Season• No one could work because their farmland was flooded
so they worked for the Pharaoh• Silt was deposited into the soil during the floods for the
Farming Season
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Religion• Polytheistic• Pharaoh was divine• Egyptians belief in an afterlife led to
mummification • “Book of the Dead” outlines
requirements for afterlife• Pyramids represent importance of
afterlife in Egyptian thought
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Government• Bureaucracy• Pharaoh a living god• Vizier chief administrator of
Pharaoh’s government• Local nobility and priests administer
government responsibilities
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Economics• Nile river = strong economy
• Fertile farmland from silt deposits meant enough crops for the entire year
• Surplus used for trade and to support the less fortunate
• Season of flood meant farmers worked for Pharaoh
• Middle Kingdom began to become a world trade power
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Old Kingdom EgyptThe Pyramid Age2600 BC – 2150 BC
• 2600 BC• 1st Pyramid Building• Tombs of Pharoahs
• 2500 BC• Great Pyramids & Sphinx constructed at Giza• Hieroglyphics standardized
• 2100 BC • Regional nobles competed for control• Dynasty loses control
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Middle Kingdom EgyptWorld Trading Power2100 BC – 1700 BC
• 2000 BC • Egypt becomes an international power by
reconquering Nubia and expanding trade routes• Foreigners called Hyksos from eastern
Mediterranean settle in Egypt during good times
• 1500 BC• Hyksos eventually gain control of Lower Egypt• Native Egyptians still control Upper Egypt from
Thebes
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New Kingdom Egypt The Age of Empire1550 BC – 1075 BC
• 1550 BC • Rulers from Thebes reassert control and drive out Hyksos• Expand borders of Egypt in military campaign designed to
strengthen the empire• Take control of Nubia
• 1400 BC• Leading military power in the region• Many surrounding areas such as Nubia, Assyria, and
Babylon had to pay gifts to Egypt
• 1320 Ramses II• Strong, warrior Pharaoh
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Ancient Egypt• Three Kingdoms
Old Middle New
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Accomplishments• Pyramids
• Hieroglyphics
• Papyrus
• Medicine
• Astronomy
• Math
• Literature
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Important People• Menes
• Foundations
• Hatshepsut• Trade
• Akhenaton• Monotheism
• Tutankhamun• Tomb
• RamsesII• War / treaty• Exodus?
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Reasons for Decline• Old Kingdom
• Disunity / greed of local nobles
• Middle Kingdom• Hyksos
• New Kingdom• Assyrians