Ancient and Modern Physics

7/23/2019 Ancient and Modern Physics

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ancient-and-modern-physics 1/41

Ancient and Modern Physics

Thomas E. Willson

IndyPublish

ISBN-10: 1437881645

• PREFACE

• Cha!"# $n"% &h" Physi'al Basis i( )"!ahysi's

• Cha!"# &*+% &h" &*+ ,inds +( P"#'"!i+n

•

Cha!"# &h#""% )a!!"# and E!h"#• Cha!"# F+u#% ha! a &"a'h"# Sh+uld &"a'h

• Cha!"# Fi."% &h" F+u# )ani("s!"d Plan"s

• Cha!"# Si/% $u# Pla'" +n Ea#!h

• Cha!"# S"."n% &h" F+u# l+b"s

• Cha!"# Eih!% &h" Ba!!l" #+und

• Cha!"# Nin"% &h" 2ual )an

• Cha!"# &"n% &h" S"!"na#y +#ld

• Cha!"# El"."n% S!ublin Bl+'s in Eas!"#n Physi's

PREFACE

&h" Edi!+# +( !h" &h"+s+hi'al F+#u in A#il 101 n+!"d !h" d"a!h +( )#% &h+as E%

ills+n in !h" #".i+us +n!h in an a#!i'l" *hi'h *" #"#+du'" (+# !h" #"as+n !ha! *"

b"li"." any #"ad"#s *h+ ha." b""n (+ll+*in !h" 'ha!"#s +( An'i"n! and )+d"#n

Physi's du#in !h" las! y"a# *ill li" !+ n+* s+"!hin +( !h" au!h+#% In !h"s"

a#a#ahs is said all !ha! n""d b" said +( +n" +( +u# +s! d".+!"d and und"#s!andin&h"+s+his!s%

In )a#'h 101 &h" &h"+s+hi'al F+#u l+s! +n" +( i!s +s! *illin and un(ailin

'+n!#ibu!+#s% )#% &%E% ills+n di"d sudd"nly and !h" n"*s +( his d"a!h #"a'h"d "

*h"n I a'!ually *as in !h" a'! +( #"a#in !h" '+n'ludin 'ha!"# +( his An'i"n! and

)+d"#n Physi's9 (+# !h" A#il nub"#%

i" !h" s*an *h+ sins his +n" s+n *h"n (""lin !ha! d"a!h is n"a# )#% ills+n a."



his b#+!h"# '+-*+#"#s in !h" &h"+s+hi'al (i"ld all !ha! *as b"s! #i"s! and +s!

su"s!i." in his !h+uh! in !h" s"#i"s +( a#!i'l"s !h" las! +( *hi'h is !+ '+" +u! in !h"

sa" nub"# *i!h !his%

&h" las! !i" I had a l+n !al *i!h &%E% ills+n h" said

F+# !*"n!y y"a#s and +#" I *as *i!h+u! a h"a#in y"! y in!"#"s! and y (ai!h in

*ha! I had !+ say n"."# (la"d !h" "a"#n"ss +( y l+." (+# y sub;"'! n"."#diinish"d%

&his n""ds n+ '+"n!% &h" <ui"! and sus!ain"d #"sis!an'" !+ indi(("#"n'" and la' +(

a#"'ia!i+n is !#uly !h" s!"ady ballas! *hi'h has #"."n!"d +u# &h"+s+hi'al shi (#+

ail"ss and (a!al *and"#ins !h+uh +( in'l""n! *"a!h"# and ad."#s" *inds *" had

l"n!y%

F+# any l+n y"a#s )#% ills+n *as !h" lib#a#ian +( !h" N"* =+# +#ld% In !h"

a(!"#n++ns h" *as !++ busy !+ s"" +u!sid"#s bu! b"innin *i!h (i." +>'l+' in !h"

a(!"#n++n un!il h" *"n! h+" s+"*h"#" in !h" n"ihb+u#h++d +( idnih! h" al*ays*as lad !+ s"" his (#i"nds% ?" had a !iny li!!l" #++ +( his +*n ."#y n"a# !h" !+ +( !h"

!#""nd+us buildin his +n" *ind+* l++in (a# ab+." !h" #++(s +( !h" !all"s! h+us"s in

!h" dis!#i'!% &h"#" h" sa! a! his d"s "n"#ally in his shi#! sl""."s i( !h" *"a!h"# *as a!

all *a# al*ays busy *i!h s+" a!!"# al#"ady #in!"d +# +in !+ b" a <ui"! y"!

i#"ssi." and dini(i"d (iu#"%

&h" "l".a!"d is+la!i+n b+!h (iu#a!i."ly and li!"#ally s"ain in *hi'h &%E% ills+n

li."d and *+#"d in !h" ids! +( !h" +s! '#+*d"d !h+#+uh(a#"s +( N"* =+# al*ays

ad" " !hin +( P#+("ss+# &"u("lsd#+'h +n !h" a!!i' (l++# +( !h" hih"s! h+us" in !h"

ahnass"% &h" !*+ had +#" !han +n" +in! +( #"s"blan'"% &h"y sha#"d !h" l+(!in"ss

+( !h"i# +in! +( .i"* !h"i# sya!h"!i' und"#s!andin +( +!h"# (+ls !h"i# l+n"lin"ss

and ab+." all !h"i# a!i"n! "."n hu+#+us #"sina!i+n !+ !h" (a'! +( !his l+n"lin"ss%

="! in his a"a#an'" )#% ills+n *as n+! li" !h" #"a! "issni'h!*+ hil+s+h"#% In

(a'! in !h" 'as! +( his ("a!u#"s and in his *ays )#% ills+n n"."# l++"d !+ " li" a

*hi!" an% In B#i!ish India I ha." n+*n B#ahans +( !h" b"!!"# !y" "/a'!ly *i!h !h"

sa" sall+* '+l"/i+n sa" <ui' and +bs"#.an! b#+*n "y" sa" +#!ly (iu#" and

sa" *id"-a*a"n"ss and aili!y +( ann"#%

as! su"# I h"a#d +n ++d au!h+#i!y !ha! )#% ills+n had !h+uh! his"l( in!+ a

+s! su"s!i." *ay +( d"alin *i!h !h" #+bl"s +( a!!"# and si#i! a *ay *hi'h b"sid"s b"in su"s!i." b+#" a #"a! #"s"blan'" !+ s+" !h"+#i"s +( !h" sa" na!u#"

'u##"n! in an'i"n! India% C+ns"<u"n!ly )#% ills+n *as +(("#"d (+# !h" (i#s! !i" in his

li(" a 'han'" +( "/#"ssin his .i"*s +n a!!"# and si#i! in as any a#!i'l"s and in as

"/!"nsi." a sha" as h" 'h+s"% &h" *ay h" #"'"i."d !his !a#dy #"'+ni!i+n +( !h" (a'! !ha!

h" had s+"!hin !+ say *as hihly ins!#u'!i."% ?" did n+! u! +n ai#s +( un#"'+ni@"d

#"a!n"ss !h+uh I +*n !h" +''asi+n *as #+i!i+us h" did n+! say I !+ld y+u s+ h"

sily and (#anly *as lad in !h" +s! 'hildli" *ay%



And n+* !ha! I ha." us"d !h" *+#d i! +''u#s !+ " !ha! 'hildli"9 is an ad;"'!i." !h"

b"s! ali"d !+ !his an in si!" +( his +#!lin"ss and his !h#"" s'+#" and +#" *in!"#s%

)any a l"asan! h+u# I ha." s"n! in !h" sall b++#++ +( !h" #"a! +#ld buildin%

i!h )#% ills+n !al n"."# (la"d% " dis'uss"d !h" as! and !h" (u!u#" +( +u#

lan"!a#y 'hain *" buil! lans (+# !h" !#u" and *h+l"s+" #"la!i+n +( s"/"s *" !#i"d !+

(ind +u!and n""dl"ss !+ say n"."# did!h" "/a'! lii! *h"#" a!!"# s!+"d b"ina!!"# and b"'a" si#i! *" als+ #"ad !h" la!"s! '+i' +"s and als+ (#+ !i" !+

!i" *" !++ a h"ad"# in!+ !h" s!+#y s"a +( A"#i'an li!"#a!u#" in +#d"# !+ (ind +u!

*ha! .a#i+us *is" h"ads had !+ say '+ns'i+usly +# un'+ns'i+usly in (a.+u# +( +u#

b"l+."d &h"+s+hi'al .i"*s% And all !his b"in in!"##u!"d "."#y !h#"" inu!"s +# s+ by

s+" *"a#y aa#i!i+n (#+ s+" *+##++ in !h" +#ld *i!h s+" su'h <u"s!i+n:

)#% ills+n h+* a I !+ (ind +u! !h" #"s"n! *h"#"ab+u!s +( !his +# !ha! Russian an-

+(-*a# )#% ills+n *ha! is !h" "l!in +in! +( i#+n )#% ills+n *h"n *as D?%)%S%

Pina(+#"> #+du'"d (+# !h" (i#s! !i" "!'% "!'% And "."#y !i" )#% ills+n +! u in

!h" l"isu#"ly ann"# "'ulia# !+ hi #"a'h"d (+# s+" b++ (#+ !h" sh"l."s !ha! lin"d

!h" #++ a." !h" d"si#"d in(+#a!i+n and as l"isu#"ly #"!u#n"d !+ !h" #ani' a!+ +#

!+ '+" and !al an !al illy +# !+ *ha!"."# +u# sub;"'! 'han'"d !+ b" a! !h" !i"%

)#% ills+n>s #a!i!ud" !+ !h" &h"+s+hi'al F+#u (+# i!s #"'+ni!i+n *as

dis#++#!i+na!"ly #"a!% As h" *#+!" !+ !h" Edi!+#: i." " any ind +( *+# *#i!in

(+# y+u #".i"*in anus'#i! +# #++( #"adin I shall d+ any!hin I shall und"#!a"

any ;+b "."n !+ !ain "di!+#ial s'+ldins in all ++d na!u#" +nly i." " *+#% ?is

d".+!i+n !+ &h"+s+hi'al !h+uh! and *+# in all !h"i# #ai(i'a!i+ns *as ;us! as #"a! as

*as his (#""d+ (#+ .ani!y his "#("'!ly na!u#al and una(("'!"d +d"s!y%

A! !h" n"*s +( his d"a!h any a h"a#! *as sin'"#"ly sad bu! n+n" s+ sad as !h" h"a#! +(!h" "di!+# +( !h" &h"+s+hi'al F+#u% F+# a (#i"nd and '+-*+#"# li" &%E% ills+n "."#

#"ady !+ i." a!"#ial h"l and +#al "n'+u#a""n! is n+! "asily #"la'"d%

F+# a s+ul s+ u#" +( any ind +( s"l(ishn"ss !h" !#ansi!i+n (#+ !h" !u#+il +( li(" !+ !h"

b#ih! d#"as +( d"a!h us! ha." b""n b+!h "asy and "n.iabl"%

Chapter One. The Physical Basis if Metaphysics

&h" ?indu sys!" +( hysi's +n *hi'h !h" "!ahysi'al !h+uh! +( !h" Eas! is bas"d

d+"s n+! in i!s b"innins di(("# *id"ly (#+ !h" la!"s! hysi's +( !h" "s! bu! i! +"s s+

u'h (a#!h"# !ha! +u# hysi's is s++n l+s! sih! +( and (+#+!!"n% &h" ?indu '+n'"!i+n+( !h" a!"#ial uni."#s" !a"n (#+ !h" anishads and s+" +"n !"a'hin *ill s"#."

(+# an illus!#a!i+n% &h"y di.id" hysi'al a!!"# in!+ (+u# inds#a#i!i "!h"# #ana

and anasa*hi'h !h"y 'all lan"s% &h"s" di(("# +nly in !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n "a'h

lan" .ib#a!in !h#+uh +n" #"a! +'!a." *i!h ul(s +( l+s! +'!a."s b"!*""n% &h"

hih"s! #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n +( #a#i!i is "asu#"d by !h" !h+usand !h" l+*"s! +( !h" "!h"#

by !#illi+ns and !h" l+*"s! +( #ana byn"."# ind !h"y ha." and *" ha." n+! !h"

n+"n'la!u#"%



&h" "a#!h !h"y !"a'h is a l+b" +( #a#i!i (l+a!in in an +'"an +( "!h"# *hi'h as i! has

!h" sun (+# i!s '"n!"# +( #a.i!y us! n"'"ssa#ily b" a l+b"% &his "!h"#i' sun-l+b" has a

dia"!"# +( +."# 300000000000 il"s% All !h" lan"!s #".+l." a#+und !h" sun (a#

*i!hin i!s a!+sh"#"% &h" "!h"#i' sun-l+b" #".+l."s +n i!s a/is +n'" in ab+u! 1000

y"a#s and !his #".+lu!i+n 'aus"s !h" #"'"ssi+n +( !h" "<uin+/"s% &his "!h"#i' sun-l+b"

is #".+l.in a#+und Al'y+n" *i!h +!h"# "!h"#i' l+b"s ha.in suns (+# !h"i# '"n!"#s ands+la# sys!"s +( #a#i!i' l+b"s *i!hin !h" in a #"a! y"a# +( 5640000000 +( +u#

'++n y"a#s% I!s +#bi! has a dia"!"# +( 3000000000000000 il"s%

B"y+nd !h" "!h"#i' l+b"s and b"!*""n !h" is a !hi#d (+# +( a!!"# 'all"d #ana as

u'h #a#"# and (in"# !han !h" "!h"# as !h" "!h"# is #a#"# and (in"# !han #a#i!i% As !his

#ana has Al'y+n" (+# a '"n!"# +( #a.i!y i! is n"'"ssa#ily a l+b" and !h"#" a#" any +(

!h"s" #ani' l+b"s (l+a!in in a .as! +'"an +( anasaa (+# +( a!!"# as u'h (in"#

!han #ana as #ana is (in"# !han "!h"# +# "!h"# !han #a#i!i% i!h !his anasa G*hi'h is

a l+b"H !h" a!"#ial +# hysi'al uni."#s" "nds bu! !h"#" a#" si#i!ual l+b"s b"y+nd%

&h" a!"#ial uni."#s" is '#"a!"d (#+ anasa d+*n*a#d bu! i! d+"s n+! #"s+nd !+ +#

'h+#d *i!h !h" .ib#a!i+n +( !h" l+b"s ab+." "/'"! in a s"'ial ins!an'" and in a s"'ial

*ay *hi'h d+"s n+! !+u'h !his in<ui#y%

&h" hysi'al uni."#s" +( !h" an'i"n! Gand +d"#nH ?indu hysi'is! *as ad" u +( !h"s"

(+u# inds +# lan"s +( a!!"# dis!#ibu!"d in sa'" as l+b"s *i!hin l+b"s%

P#+("ss+# +d" in 1884 u! (+#!h !h" !h"+#y !ha! #a#i!i Ghysi'al a!!"#H as *" 'all i!

*as in i!s a!+s bu! *hi#ls +( "!h"#% Sin'" !h"n s"'ula!i." s'i"n'" has "n"#ally

a''"!"d !h" id"a !ha! !h" hysi'al a!+ is ad" u +( any 'ubi' (""! +( "!h"# in

'h"i'al uni+n as any <ua#!s +( +/y"n and hyd#+"n uni!" 'h"i'ally !+ a" a

d#+ +( *a!"#% &his is an +ld s!+#y !+ !h" ?indu sa"% ?" !"lls his uils !ha! !h" #"a!l+b" +( anasa +n'" (ill"d all sa'" and !h"#" *as n+!hin "ls"% P#"'is"ly as +n !his

"a#!h *" ha." +u# "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s !ha! 'han" (#+ li<uids in!+ s+lids and as"s

s+ +n !his anasi' l+b" !h"#" *"#" "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s !ha! !++ !h" (+# +( li<uids

s+lids and as"s% I!s anasi' a!!"# *as di(("#"n!ia!"d and .ib#a!"d !h#+uh +n" +'!a."

as !h" #a#i!i' a!!"# d+"s +n !h" "a#!h% I!s subs!an'"s '+bin"d as !ha! d+"s%

$n" '+bina!i+n #+du'"d #ana% &h" #ana '+ll"'!"d and (+#"d l+b"s% $n !h"s"

#ani' l+b"s !h" #+'"ss *as #""a!"d *i!h "!h"# as !h" #"sul! and !h" "!h"#i' l+b"s

(+#"d% &h"n !h" #+'"ss *as #""a!"d +n !h" "!h"#i' l+b"s as !h" +d"#n s'i"n!is!s

ha." dis'+."#"d and #a#i!i and #a#i!i' l+b"s 'a" in!+ b"in%&h" !#u" dia"!"# +( !h" "a#!h !h" an'i"n! ?indu b++s say is ab+u! 50000 il"s% &ha!

is !+ say !h" !#u" su#(a'" +( !h" "a#!h is !h" lin" +( !*"n!y-(+u#-h+u# a/ial #+!a!i+n !h"

lin" *h"#" #a.i!y and a"#y "/a'!ly balan'" *h"#" a ++n *+uld ha." !+ b" la'"d !+

#".+l." +n'" in 86400 s"'+nds% i!hin !ha! is #a#i!i *i!h+u! is "!h"#% I! is als+ !h" lin"

+( n+ (#i'!i+n *hi'h d+"s "/is! b"!*""n a!!"# +( di(("#"n! lan"s% &h"#" is (#i'!i+n

b"!*""n #a#i!i b"!*""n "!h"# b"!*""n #ana bu! n+! b"!*""n "!h"# and #ana +#

"!h"# and #a#i!i% F#i'!i+n is a h"n+"n+n '+n(in"d !+ !h" a!!"# +( "a'h lan"



s"a#a!"ly% " li." a! !h" b+!!+ +( !his as"+us +'"an+n i!s (l++# 1000 il"s

(#+ !h" su#(a'" and +nly 4000 il"s (#+ !h" '"n!"#% ?"#" in a na##+* sin lii!"d

!+ a ("* il"s ab+." and b"l+* us is !h" #"al +( h"n+"na *h"#" s+lid !u#ns in!+

li<uid and li<uid in!+ as +# .i'" ."#sa% &h" l"ss+n i#"ss"d u+n !h" uil>s ind by

?indu hysi's is !ha! h" li."s (a# *i!hin !h" "a#!h n+! +n i!%

&h"#" is a '+a#a!i."ly na##+* sin +( and (+# h"n+"na *i!hin !h" "!h"#i' sun-l+b" say !h" Eas!"#n !"a'h"#s *h"#" !h" "!h"#i' s+lids li<uids and as"s ""! and

inl" and in!"#'han"% i!hin !his sin a#" all !h" lan"!s!h" as"+us

a!+sh"#" +( !h" "!h"#i' l+b" s!#"!'hin illi+ns +( il"s b"y+nd !h" +u!"#+s!

lan"!a#y +#bi!% &h" "a#!h is in !his sin +# b"l! +( "!h"#i' h"n+"na and i!s "!h"# is in

!+u'h *i!h !h" "!h"# in ani("s!a!i+n +n !h" "!h"#i' l+b"% &h" sun and +!h"# "!h"#i'

l+b"s a#" *i!hin !h" '+##"s+ndin sin +( h"n+"na +( !h" #ani' l+b"s% &h"

#ana ani("s!in as s+lid li<uid and as +# in '+bina!i+n and in (+#s is in "#("'!

!+u'h *i!h !ha! +( !h" "!h"#i' l+b" and !h#+uh !ha! *i!h !h" #ana +( !h" "a#!h% &ha!

+u# #ana is in !+u'h *i!h !ha! +n !h" #ani' l+b" in all i!s ani("s!a!i+ns "ans u'h

in "!ahysi's% &h" sa" is !#u" +( !h" anasi' l+b" and +( +u# anasa%

&h" #"a! l"ss+n !h" Eas!"#n hysi's bu#ns in!+ !h" uil is !ha! *" a#" li.in n+! +nly

*i!hin !h" #a#i!i' "a#!h bu! *i!hin "a'h +( !h" +!h"# l+b"s as *"ll in id"n!i'ally !h"

sa" *ay and sub;"'! !+ !h" sa" la*s% $u# li."s a#" n+! ass"d +n +n" l+b" bu! in

(+u# l+b"s% I! is as i( +n" said h" li."d in Bu((al+ E#i" '+un!y N"* =+# ni!"d S!a!"s

!ha! h" *as a 'i!i@"n +( "a'h and sub;"'! !+ !h" la*s +( "a'h%

&his <u"s!i+n +( !h" (+u# l+b"s +( !h" (+u# lan"s +( a!!"# +( !h" (+u# sins and +(

!h" (+u# '+ndi!i+ns +# s!a!"s +( all a!!"# and n"'"ssa#ily +( all "#s+ns (#+ !h" u#"ly

a!"#ial s!and+in! is n+! +nly !h" (+unda!i+n +( $#i"n!al hysi's bu! !h" ."#y "ss"n'"+( $#i"n!al "!ahysi'si!s s!a#!in-+in! and '+#n"#-s!+n"% &+ +n" *h+ 'a##i"s *i!h

hi '+ns'i+usly +# un'+ns'i+usly !h" '+n'#"!" n+*l"d" +( !h" hysi's !h" abs!#a'!

!"a'hin +( !h" "!ahysi's #"s"n!s n+ di((i'ul!y i! is as 'l"a# as '#ys!al% Bu! *i!h+u!

!h" hysi'al !"a'hin !h" "!ahysi'al is n+! !#ansla!abl"%

$u# "s!"#n hysi's !"a'h"s !ha! hysi'al a!!"# is di.id"d in!+ !*+ inds #a#i!i

G'++nly 'all"d hysi'al a!!"#9H and "!h"# !ha! !h" di(("#"n'"s +( "a'h +( !h"

"l""n!a#y #a#i!i' subs!an'"s Gi#+n '+"# sulhu# +/y"nH a#" in !h"i# +l"'ul"s

!h" (unda"n!al a!+ b"in !h" sa" !ha! "a'h +( !h"s" "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s .ib#a!"s

+nly !h#+uh +n" +'!a." !h+uh +n di(("#"n! "ys !ha! i! 'han"s (#+ s+lid !+ li<uidand as as !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n is in'#"as"d and (#+ as !+ li<uid and s+lid as i!s

.ib#a!i+n is d"'#"as"d *i!hin i!s +'!a." !ha! !h" "!h"# +b"ys id"n!i'al la*s !ha! i! has

"l""n!a#y subs!an'"s .ib#a!in !h#+uh +n" +'!a." +nly and !ha! !h"s" a#" s+lids

li<uids +# as"s +n !h" "!h"#i' lan" as #a#i!i is +n !his !ha! !h"s" "!h"#i' subs!an'"s

'han" and '+bin" in "."#y *ay !ha! #a#i!i d+"s and !ha! *hil" all +u# #a#i!i'

subs!an'"s .ib#a!" *i!hin GsayH (i(!y sily +'!a."s !h" l+*"s! .ib#a!i+n +( "!h"#i'

a!!"# b"ins +."# +n" !h+usand +'!a."s b"y+nd +u# hih"s! ain a ul( !+ l"a% &h"



Eas!"#n hysi's #"s"n!s !his *i!h a *"al!h +( d"!ail !ha! da@"s !h" "s!"#n s!ud"n! and

!h"n adds: Bu! b"y+nd !h" "!h"#i' lan" G+# +'!a."H +( .ib#a!i+n (+# a!!"# !h"#" is a

!hi#d lan" G+# +'!a."H +( .ib#a!i+n 'all"d #ana and b"y+nd !ha! a (+u#!h 'all"d anasa%

ha! is !#u" +( +n" lan" is !#u" +( !h" +!h"# !h#""% $n" la* +."#ns !h" (+u#% As ab+."

s+ b"l+*% &h"#" is n+ #"al ul( !h"#" is "#("'! '+n!inui!y%

&h" "s!"#n s'i"n!is! !"a'h"s as !h" (+unda!i+n +( +d"#n hysi's !ha! "a'h and "."#ya!+ +( #a#i!i' a!!"# is !h" '"n!"# +( an "!h"#i' +l"'ul" +( any a!+s !ha! n+

!*+ #a#i!i' a!+s !+u'h al!h+uh !h"i# "!h"#i' "n."l+"s +# a!+sh"#"s d+ !+u'h

and !ha! all hysi'al h"n+"na a#" 'aus"d by !h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h" #a#i!i'

a!+ and i!s "n."l+" +( "!h"# "a'h s+undin !h" sa" n+!" hund#"ds +( +'!a."s

aa#!% &h" s+lid "a#!h *i!h i!s a!+sh"#" #"#"s"n!s !h" a!+ *i!h i!s "!h"#% As all

!h" +/y"n and hyd#+"n d+ n+! '+bin" !+ a" !h" d#+ +( *a!"# s+" #"ainin in

"'hani'al uni+n !+ i." i! an a!+sh"#" and ab+u! +n"-(+u#!h +( i!s bul b"in as s+

!h" a!+ (+#"d +( !h" "!h"# d+"s n+! us" all !h" "!h"# in i!s 'h"i'al uni+n #"!ainin

s+" in "'hani'al uni+n (+# i!s "n."l+" +# a!+sh"#"%

&h" ?indu hysi's +"s u'h (a#!h"# al+n !his #+ad% I! says !ha! *h"n !h" #ani'

l+b"s *"#" (+#"d "a'h a!+ +( #ana had i!s anasi' "n."l+"*as !h" '"n!"# +( a

anasi' +l"'ul"% h"n !h" "!h"#i' l+b"s (+#"d "a'h a!+ +( "!h"# *as !h" '"n!"# +(

a #ani' +l"'ul" "a'h a!+ +( *hi'h *as su##+und"d *i!h anasa% h"n !h" #a#i!i

*as (+#"d (#+ !h" "!h"# "a'h and "."#y a!+ +( #a#i!i had !h" !#il" "!h"#i'-#ani'-

anasi' "n."l+"% Ea'h and "."#y #a#i!i' a!+ is !h" '"n!"# +( an "!h"#i' +l"'ul"

says +u# "s!"#n s'i"n'" bu! !ha! +( !h" Eas! adds !his: And "a'h a!+ +( !ha! "!h"#i'

+l"'ul" is !h" '"n!"# +( a #ani' +l"'ul" and "a'h a!+ +( #ana in !ha! #ani'

+l"'ul" is !h" '"n!"# +( a anasi' +l"'ul"% &h" (+u# #"a! l+b"s +( a!!"# in !h"

a!"#ial uni."#s" a#" #"#"s"n!"d and #"#+du'"d in "a'h and "."#y a!+ +( #a#i!i

*hi'h is in !+u'h *i!h "a'h +n" +( !h" (+u# l+b"s and a a#! +( i!% &h" sa" is !#u" +(

any a#"a!i+n +( #a#i!i+( !h" "a#!h i!s"l( and +( all !hins in i! in'ludin an% As

!h"#" a#" (+u# a!+s in "a'h +n" s+ !h"#" a#" (+u# "a#!hs (+u# l+b"s '+nsubs!an!ial

+n" (+# "a'h +( !h" (+u# "l""n!s and in !+u'h *i!h i!% $n" is (+#"d +( #a#i!i' a!+s

!h" l+b" *" n+* an+!h"# +( !h" "!h"# (+#in !h"i# "n."l+"s an+!h"# +( !h"

#ana "n."l+"s +( "!h"# and a (+u#!h +( !h" anasa a#+und !h" #ani' a!+% &h"y a#"

n+! sins !h"y a#" '+nsubs!an!ial% And *ha! is !#u" +( a!+s +# l+b"s is !#u" +(

anials% Ea'h has (+u# a!"#ial b+di"s *i!h "a'h b+dy +n !h" '+##"s+ndin l+b"

*h"!h"# +( !h" "a#!h +# +( !h" ni."#s"% &his is !h" hysi'al basis +( !h" (a+us 'hain+( s"."n l+b"s !ha! is su'h a s!ublin-bl+' in ?indu "!ahysi's% &h" si#i! ass"s

!h#+uh (+u# !+ "! in and !h#"" !+ "! +u!s"."n in all% &h" ?indu und"#s!ands *i!h+u!

"/lana!i+n% ?" und"#s!ands his hysi's%

&h" ?indu hysi's !"a'h"s *i!h +u#s !ha! !h" "!h"# is !h" s+u#'" +( all "n"#y bu! i!

adds as #ana is !h" s+u#'" +( all li(" and anasa +( all ind%

h"n !h" #a#i!i' a!+ is .ib#a!in in 'h+#d *i!h i!s "!h"#i' "n."l+" say +u#



!"/!b++s *" ha." hysi'al h"n+"na lih! h"a! "l"'!#i'i!y% ="s says !h"

?indu !"a'h"# bu! *h"n !h" a!+ and i!s "!h"# and i!s #ana a#" .ib#a!in in 'h+#d *"

ha." li(" and .i!al h"n+"na add"d !+ !h" "n"#y% h"n !h" a!+ and i!s "!h"# #ana

and anasa a#" .ib#a!in in 'h+#d *" ha." ind and "n!al h"n+"na add"d !+ !h"

li(" and "n"#y% Ea'h a!+ has "n"#y li(" and ind in +ss"% In !h" li.in l"a( !h"

#a#i!i "!h"# and #ana a#" s+undin !h" !h#""(+ld sil."# 'h+#d +( li("% In !h" anial!h" anasa is s+undin !h" sa" n+!" *i!h !h" ain !h" (+u#(+ld +ld"n 'h+#d +(

ind%

E."n in !h" lan! !h"#" ay b" a (ain! anasi' +."#!+n" (+# !h" +!"n!iali!y +( li(" and

ind is in "."#y!hin% &his uni!y +( !h" hysi'al uni."#s" *i!h !h" hysi'al a!+ and

*i!h all !hins '#"a!"d"a#!h anial +# '#ys!alis !h" hysi'al ba'b+n" +( $#i"n!al

"!ahysi's% P#a#i!i "!h"# #ana and anasa a#" in +u# ."#na'ula# !h" Ea#!h Ai# Fi#"

and a!"# +( !h" +ld hil+s+h"#s!h" F+u# El""n!s%

&h" $#i"n!al hysi's has b""n ua#d"d +s! ;"al+usly% F+# any !h+usands +( y"a#s i!

has b""n !h" #"al +''ul! and "s+!"#i' !"a'hin *hil" !h" $#i"n!al "!ahysi's has b""n

+"n and "/+!"#i'% I! '+uld n+! b" und"#s!++d *i!h+u! !h" "y and !h" "y *as in !h"

hysi's n+*n +nly !+ !h" !#i"d and a#+."d dis'il"% A li!!l" has l"a"d +u!"n+uh

!+ *h"! !h" a"!i!" +( !h" !#u" s!ud"n! and a" hi as (+# +#"%

Chapter Two. The Two Kinds of Perception

&+ !h" sa.a" a!!"# a"a#s in !*+ (+#ss+lid and li<uid% As h" ad.an'"s a s!" h"

l"a#ns i! has !h#"" (+#ss+lid li<uid and as% ?" 'ann+! s"" !h" as bu! h" n+*s i! is

!h"#"%

A li!!l" (u#!h"# +n h" l"a#ns !ha! a!!"# as h" n+*s i! is +nly a inu!" +#!i+n +( !h"#"a! uni."#s" +( a!!"#!h" ("* 'h+#ds !ha! 'an b" s!#u' +n !h" (i." s!#ins +( his

s"ns"s and lii!"d !+ +n" +'!a." +# "y%

h"!h"# !h" a#!i'ula# a!!"# h" in."s!ia!"s has a s+lid a li<uid +# a as"+us (+#

d""nds u+n i!s #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n% I( i! is a li<uid by #aisin i!s #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n +n"

!hi#d i! b"'+"s a as by #"du'in i! +n" !hi#d i! b"'+"s a s+lid%

Ea'h ind +( a!!"# has .ib#a!i+n +nly !h#+uh +n" +'!a."% I! is n+*n !+ us +nly by i!s

.ib#a!i+n in !ha! +'!a."% Ea'h ind +( a!!"# has a di(("#"n! +'!a."is s"! +n a hih"# +#

l+*"# "y s+ !+ s"a bu! all +'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n a#" b"!*""n !h" hih"s! +( hyd#+"n

as and !h" l+*"s! +( 'a#b+n%

In "'hani'al '++unds su'h as ai# +# b#ass !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n +( !h" '++und is

!h" l"as! '++n ul!il" +( !h" !*+ +# +#" #a!"s% In 'h"i'al '++unds su'h as

*a!"# +# al'+h+l !h" #a!" is !ha! +( !h" hih"s! !h" +!h"#s uni!in in ha#+ni' (#a'!i+ns%

All a!!"# as *" n+* i! !h#+uh +u# s"ns"s#a#i!i as i! is 'all"d in !h" S"'#"!

2+'!#in" !+ dis!inuish i! (#+ n+n-s"nsual a!!"#is !h" .ib#a!i+n +( an uni."#sal

S+"!hin *" d+ n+! n+* *ha! !h#+uh !h"s" di(("#"n! +'!a."s% &h" "l""n!a#y



subs!an'"s Gs+-'all"dH a#" +n" and !h" sa" !hin!his S+"!hinin di(("#"n! "ys

and 'h+#ds +( .ib#a!i+n "ys !ha! #un in!+ +n" an+!h"# #+du'in all s+#!s +( b"au!i(ul

ha#+ni"s%

&ain any +n" +( !h"s" "l""n!s +# any +( !h"i# '++unds all *" n+* +( i! is

lii!"d s!#i'!ly !+ i!s 'han"s du#in .ib#a!i+n !h#+uh +n" +'!a."% ha! ha"ns *h"n

!h" .ib#a!i+n +"s ab+." +# b"l+* !h" +'!a." has n+! y"! b""n !#"a!"d hy+!h"!i'ally%hil" s+" "l""n!s a#" .ib#a!in +n hih"# and s+" +n l+*"# "ys *" 'an '+nsid"#

!h" all as .ib#a!in *i!hin +n" #"a! +'!a." !ha! +'!a." +( !h" uni."#sal S+"!hin

*hi'h #+du'"s s"nsual a!!"# +# #a#i!i%

Bu! a!!"# is n+! '+n(in"d *" n+* !+ !his #"a! +'!a." al!h+uh +u# s"nsual

n+*l"d" +( i! is s!#i'!ly '+n(in"d !+ i!% ?+* d+ *" n+* i!

,n+*l"d" '+"s !+ us in !*+ *ays and !h"#" a#" !*+ inds +( n+*l"d"%

1% &ha! *hi'h '+"s !h#+uh +u# s"ns"s by +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'"% &his in'lud"s

#"as+nin (#+ #"la!i+n%% &ha! *hi'h '+"s !h#+uh in!ui!i+n+# as s+" *#i!"#s ina''u#a!"ly say !h#+uh

!h" (+#al la*s +( !h+uh!%

All !h" +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'" +( !h" #isin and !h" s"!!in +( !h" sun (+# a !h+usand

'"n!u#i"s '+uld +nly ha." '+n(i#"d !h" (i#s! na!u#al b"li"( !ha! i! #".+l."d daily a#+und

!h" "a#!h n+# by ;+inin !his "/"#i"n'" *i!h +!h"# "/"#i"n'"s '+uld any d"du'!i+n

ha." '+" (#+ +u# #"as+n !ha! *+uld ha." ++s"d i!% N+! +u# #"as+n bu! +u# in!ui!i+n

said !ha! !h" sun s!++d s!ill and !h" "a#!h #".+l."d daily% &h" +ld"s! b++s in "/is!"n'"

!"ll us !ha! !his a/ial #".+lu!i+n +( !h" "a#!h *as n+! +nly n+*n in !h" ."#y da*n +( !i"

bu! !ha! i! has b""n n+*n !+ "."#y #a'" G"/'"! +u# +*n +( Eu#+"an sa.a"sH (#+ b"(+#" !h" !i" !h+uh! *as (i#s! !#ansi!!"d by *#i!in%

As !h" abl"s! li.in "+#ah"# +# hysi'is! !+ #+." !+ y+u !ha! !h" "a#!h #".+l."s daily

and h" *ill #"ly !ha! i! *+uld b" !h" ;+b +( his li("% I! 'an b" d+n" a! #"a! "/"ns" and

#"a! lab+# bu! !ha! is b"'aus" *" n+* !h" ans*"# and 'an in."n! a *ay +( sh+*in i!

n+! b"'aus" !h"#" a#" any +bs"#.a!i+ns (#+ *hi'h a d"du'!i+n *+uld na!u#ally (+ll+*%

N"a#ly i( n+! all +u# #"a! dis'+."#i"s ha." '+" !+ us !h#+uh in!ui!i+n and n+! (#+

+bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'"% h"n *" n+* !h" lin"s +n *hi'h !+ *+# *h"n in!ui!i+n

has i."n us !h" ,E= !h"n !h" +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'" "n #i@" s+ hihly and !h"

#"as+n !h"y *+#shi s+ d".+u!ly *ill (ill in !h" d"!ails% &h" n+*l"d" !ha! (l+*s (#+

+bs"#.a!i+n and !h" #"as+nin (#+ !h" (a'!s i! #"'+#ds is n"."# +#" !han #"la!i."ly

!#u" i! is al*ays lii!"d by !h" (a'!s and any addi!i+n !+ !h" (a'!s #"<ui#"s !h" *h+l"

!hin !+ b" #"s!a!"d% " n"."# n+* all !h" (a'!s s"ld+ "."n !h" +#" i+#!an! and

#"as+n #ass +nly d"!ails%

aa#'>s !h"+#y +( ".+lu!i+n n+*n !+ all Asia!i' #a'"s (#+ !i" i"+#ial *as

!h" in!ui!i+nal and abs+lu!" n+*l"d" !ha! '+"s !+ all "n *h"n !h"y #"a'h a '"#!ain



s!a" +( d"."l+"n!% R"as+n '+uld n"."# ha." (u#nish"d i! (#+ !h" (a'!s as Cu.i"#

#+."d in !h" #"a! d"ba!" in !h" F#"n'h A'ad"y in 184 *h"n h" n+'"d aa#'

+u! (+# !h" !i" b"in b"'aus" i! did n+! '+n(+# !+ !h" (a'!s and did n+! (+ll+* (#+

any #"la!i+n +( !h" (a'!s%

2a#*in>s !h"+#y +( !h" su#.i.al +( !h" (i!!"s! in !h" s!#ul" (+# "/is!"n'" as an

"/lana!i+n +( !h" +#iin +( s"'i"s *as (#+ +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'"% I! *as bas"d+n +bs"#."d (a'!s% Bu! 2a#*in *as an ".+lu!i+nis!a dis'il" +( aa#'% ?" h"ld !h"

,"y% ?" us"d !h" ,"y% &h" .alu" +( 2a#*in>s *+# d+"s n+! li" in his dis'+."#in !ha!

s+" bus ha." b""n d"#i."d (#+ +!h"# bus and !ha! !h" in!"#"dia!" bus ha." di"d

+((% I!s +."#*h"lin .alu" !+ anind *as in sh+*in !ha! *+# +n !h" !h"+#y +(

".+lu!i+n *as '+##"'! *+# and !ha! !h" !h"+#y *as !#u"% h"n !h" in!ui!i+n +( an

+in!s +u! !h" *ay !h" #"as+n +( an 'an (+ll+* !h" a!h and a'ada !h" #+ad% I!

usually d+"s and 'lais all !h" '#"di! (+# i!s"l( as !h" +#iinal dis'+."#"#%

&his n+*l"d" !h#+uh in!ui!i+n is abs+lu!" and "/a'!% I! is n+! #"la!i."ly !#u"% I! is

abs+lu!"ly and in.a#iably !#u"% N+ addi!i+nal (a'!s *ill "."# +di(y i! +# #"<ui#" a#"s!a!""n!%

h"n Si# illia ?ail!+n bas"d his +i' +n !h" di'!u !ha! All n+*l"d" is

#"la!i." and +nly #"la!i."ly !#u" !h" #++si!i+n *as s"l(-".id"n!ly (als"% I! *as in

i!s"l( a s!a!""n! +( abs+lu!" n+*l"d" ab+u! a '"#!ain !hin% I! *as in i!s"l( n+*l"d"

!ha! *as n+! #"la!i."% All n+*l"d" '+uld n+! b" #"la!i." i( !his n+*l"d" *as n+!%

&his n+*l"d" '+uld n+! b" "i!h"# abs+lu!" +# #"la!i." *i!h+u! us"!!in his *h+l"

#++si!i+n (+# i( #"la!i." !h"n i! *as n+! al*ays !#u" and i( abs+lu!" !h"n i! *as n"."#

!#u"%

Si# illia did n+! n+* !h" dis!in'!i+n b"!*""n !h" !*+ inds +( n+*l"d" and *ha!h" "an! !+ say *as !ha! All n+*l"d" +b!ain"d by +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'" is

#"la!i." and +nly #"la!i."ly !#u"%

?is n+*l"d" +( !his #"la!i.i!y *as n+! +b!ain"d by +bs"#.a!i+n +# (#+ #"as+n% I! '+uld

n+! +ssibly ha." b""n +b!ain"d in !ha! *ay% I! 'a" (#+ in!ui!i+n and i! *as abs+lu!"

and "/a'!% A an ay ha." abs+lu!" and "/a'! n+*l"d" and y"! n+! b" abl" !+ u! i!

in!+ *+#ds !ha! "/a'!ly "/#"ss i! !+ an+!h"#% ?ail!+n had !his n+*l"d"% Bu! i! *as

n+! 'l"a#ly (+#ula!"d "."n in his +*n ind% ?" had !*+ s"a#a!" and dis!in'! "anins

(+# !h" *+#d n+*l"d" *i!h+u! b"in '+ns'i+us +( i!%

" ha." y"! !+ '+in a #+"# *+#d !+ "/#"ss *ha! '+"s !+ us !h#+uh in!ui!i+n% &h"

+ld Enlish *+#d *isd+ +#iinally did% &h" +ld ."#b *is *as "an! *ha! a an

n"* *i!h+u! b"in !+ld i! as "n "an! n+*l"d" by "/"#i"n'"% &#y and #+." by

#"as+n !ha! a s!#aih! lin" is !h" sh+#!"s! dis!an'" b"!*""n !*+ +in!s +# !ha! a a#! 'an

n"."# b" #"a!"# !han !h" *h+l" and y+u# #"as+n has an i+ssibl" !as% =+u us! !a"

!h" (+# a/i+s i! says% =+u us! !a" !h" b"'aus" y+u *is !h" n+! b"'aus" y+u

n+* G"nH !h"%



In!ui!i+nal n+*l"d" us! n+! b" '+n(+und"d *i!h !h" #"la!i." n+*l"d" !ha! (l+*s

!h#+uh !h" #"as+n: !ha! I( !h" su +( !*+ nub"#s is +n" and !h"i# di(("#"n'" is (i."

!h" nub"#s a#" inus !*+ and lus !h#""%

&h" +in! 'ann+! b" !++ s!#+nly "n(+#'"d !ha! !h"#" is a dis!in'!i+n b"!*""n !h" s+u#'"s

+( *ha! *" n+* and !ha! *hil" all *" n+* !h#+uh +u# s"nsa!i+ns is +nly #"la!i."ly

!#u" !ha! *hi'h *" n+* (#+ in!ui!i+n is in.a#iably and abs+lu!"ly !#u"% &his is s""n!h#+uh a lass da#ly in !h"+l+y *h"#" in!ui!i+n is 'all"d insi#a!i+n and n+!

di(("#"n!ia!"d (#+ #"as+n%

&h" (als" n+!i+n !ha! *" 'an +nly l"a#n by +bs"#.a!i+n and "/"#i"n'" !ha! !h" '+n'"!

'an n"."# !#ans'"nd !h" +bs"#.a!i+n !ha! *" 'an +nly n+* *ha! *" 'an #+." !+ +u#

s"ns"s has *#+uh! in'al'ulabl" in;u#y !+ #+#"ss in hil+s+hy%

B"'aus" +u# s"nsual n+*l"d" +( a!!"# b"ins and "nds *i!h .ib#a!i+n in +n" +'!a." i!

d+"s n+! (+ll+* !ha! !his "nds +u# n+*l"d" +( i!% " ay ha." in!ui!i+nal n+*l"d"

and !his in!ui!i+nal n+*l"d" is as sus'"!ibl" !+ #"as+n as i( *" had +b!ain"d i! by

+bs"#.a!i+n%

&h" n+*l"d" !ha! '+"s !h#+uh in!ui!i+n !"lls us +( a!!"# .ib#a!in in an+!h"# #"a!

+'!a." ;us! b"y+nd +u# +*n *hi'h S'i"n'" has 'h+s"n !+ na" !h" "!h"#i' +'!a." +#

lan"% &h" ins!an! +u# in!ui!i+n #"."als !h" 'aus" +( h"n+"na +u# #"as+n d#+s in and

!"lls us i! is !h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h" a!!"# +( !h" !*+ lan"s!h" hysi'al and

"!h"#i'!ha! #+du'"s all hysi'al h"n+"na% I! +"s (u#!h"# and "/lains i!s

.a#ia!i+ns%

&his n+*l"d" +( an+!h"# +'!a." +# lan" +( a!!"# '+"s (#+ !h" l+i'al #"la!i+ns +(

a!!"# and i!s hysi'al h"n+"na bu! !h"#" *as n+!hin in !h" +bs"#.a!i+n +#

"/"#i"n'" +( anind !ha! *+uld ha." l"d us !+ in("# (#+ #"as+n an "!h"#i' lan" +(

a!!"#% I! *as #"."al"d9 !#u!h% Bu! !h" (lash +( #"."la!i+n ha.in +n'" ad" !h" a!h

aa#"n! !h" lih! +( #"as+n 'a##i"s us !h#+uh all !h" *indin *ays% $u# n+*l"d" +(

!h" "!h"# is n+! u"ss-*+# +# (an'y any +#" !han +u# "+"!#y is b"'aus" i! is bas"d

+n a/i+s +u# #"as+n 'ann+! #+."% In b+!h 'as"s !h" basi' a/i+s a#" +b!ain"d (#+

in!ui!i+n !h" s!#u'!u#al *+# (#+ #"as+n% $u# n+*l"d" +( !h" "!h"# ay b" as

abs+lu!" and "/a'! as +u# n+*l"d" +( #a#i!i *+#in +n hysi'al as *" *+# +n

"+"!#i'al a/i+s%

&h" #"'+ni!i+n +( !h" !*+ s+u#'"s +( n+*l"d" !h" *+# +( !h" si#i! *i!hin us and +(

!h" ind *i!hin us is abs+lu!"ly n"'"ssa#y !+ '+##"'!ly '+#"h"nd !h" !#u" sini(i'an'"

+( !h" #"sul!s +( +d"#n s'i"n'" and !+ a''"! !h" an'i"n!%

Chapter Three. Matter and Ether

I! is n+! *+#!h*hil" !#ansla!in ?+"# in!+ Enlish unl"ss !h" #"ad"#s +( !h" !#ansla!i+n

und"#s!and Enlish%

I! is n+! *+#!h*hil" a!!"!in !+ !#ansla!" !h" +''ul! Eas!"#n hysi's in!+ !h" lanua"



+( +u# "s!"#n and +d"#n hysi's unl"ss !h+s" *h+ a#" !+ #"ad !h" !#ansla!i+n

und"#s!and "n"#ally and b#+adly *ha! +u# +*n +d"#n hysi's !"a'h% I! is n+!

n"'"ssa#y !ha! !h"y sh+uld n+* all b#an'h"s +( +u# +d"#n hysi's in all !h"i# inu!"

#ai(i'a!i+ns bu! i! is n"'"ssa#y !ha! !h"y sh+uld und"#s!and 'l"a#ly !h" (unda"n!al

#in'il"s u+n *hi'h +u# s'i"n!i(i' and !"'hni'al n+*l"d" +( !+day #"s!s%

&h"s" (unda"n!al #in'il"s ha." b""n dis'+."#"d and ali"d in !h" as! (i(!y y"a#s in !h" "+#y +( !h" li.in% &h"y ha." #".+lu!i+ni@"d s'i"n'" in all i!s d"a#!"n!s% $u#

!"/!b++s +n Ch"is!#y ih! ?"a! El"'!#i'i!y and S+und ha." had !+ b" "n!i#"ly #"-

*#i!!"n and in any +!h"# d"a#!"n!s n+!ably in "di'in" and sy'h+l+y !h"y ha."

y"! !+ b" #"-*#i!!"n% $u# !"/!b++s a#" in a !#ansi!i+n s!a!" "a'h n"* +n" +in a s!"

(a#!h"# !+ a" !h" 'han" #adual (#+ !h" +ld (+#s +( b"li"( !+ !h" n"* s+ !ha! "."n

&yndall>s !"/!b++ +n S+und is n+* s+ an!"da!"d +# an!i<ua!"d !ha! i! ih! ha."

b""n *#i!!"n in da#"s! A(#i'a b"(+#" !h" y#aids *"#" buil! ins!"ad +( !*"n!y y"a#s

a+%

All !his 'han" has (l+*"d (#+ !h" dis'+."#y +( Fa#aday !ha! !h"#" a#" !*+ s!a!"s +#'+ndi!i+ns +( a!!"#% In +n" i! is #"."al"d by +n" +( +u# (i." s"ns"s .isibl" !anibl"

s"llabl" !as!abl" +# +nd"#abl" a!!"#% &his is a!!"# as *" n+* i!% I! ay b" a lu

+( "!al +# a (las +( as%

&h" s"'+nd '+ndi!i+n +# s!a!" +( a!!"# is n+! #"."al"d by "i!h"# +( +u# (i." s"ns"s bu!

by !h" si/!h s"ns" +# in!ui!i+n +( an% &his is !h" "!h"#su+s"d !+ b" a!!"# in a

."#y #a#"(i"d (+# *hi'h "#"a!"s all sa'"% S+ #a#" and (in" is !his a!!"# !ha! i!

in!"#"n"!#a!"s 'a#b+n +# s!""l as *a!"# in!"#"n"!#a!"s a s+n" +# in a bl+!!in ad% In

(a'! "a'h a!+ +( hysi'al a!!"#by *hi'h is "an! a!!"# in !h" (i#s! '+ndi!i+n

(l+a!s in an a!+sh"#" +( "!h"# as !h" s+lid "a#!h (l+a!s in i!s a!+sh"#" +( ai#%N+ !*+ hysi'al a!+s !+u'h said Fa#aday% Ea'h hysi'al a!+ is !h" '"n!#" +( an

"!h"#i' +l"'ul" and as (a# aa#! (#+ "."#y +!h"# a!+ as !h" s!a#s in h"a."n (#+ +n"

an+!h"#% &his is !#u" +( "."#y (+# +( hysi'al a!!"# *h"!h"# i! is a lu +( "!al a

'u +( li<uid +# a (las +( as *h"!h"# i! is a b#+n@" s!a!u" +# a li.in an a l"a( a

'l+ud +# !h" "a#!h i!s"l(% Ea'h and "."#y hysi'al a!+ is !h" '"n!#" +( an "!h"#i'

+l"'ul" ad" u +( any a!+s +( !h" "!h"#%

&his duali!y +( a!!"# *as a *+nd"#(ul dis'+."#y #".+lu!i+ni@in "."#y d"a#!"n! +(

s'i"n'"% I! la'"d an in a'!ual !+u'h *i!h !h" *h+l" .isibl" uni."#s"% &h" "!h"# in a

an>s "y" Gand in his *h+l" b+dyH #"a'h"s in +n" unb#+"n lin"li" a !"l"#ah *i#" (#+ hi !+ !h" sun +# !h" +u!"#+s! lan"!% ?" is n+! s"a#a!" and aa#! (#+

sa'" bu! a a#! +( i!% Ea'h hysi'al a!+ +( his hysi'al b+dy is !h" '"n!#" +( an

"!h"#i' +l"'ul" and h" has !*+ b+di"s as S!% Paul said a .isibl" hysi'al and an

in.isibl" "!h"#i' b+dy !h" la!!"# in a'!ual !+u'h *i!h !h" *h+l" uni."#s"%

Fa#aday *"n! +n" s!" (u#!h"#% ?" d"+ns!#a!"d !ha! all hysi'al h"n+"na '+" (#+

!h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h" hysi'al a!+ *i!h !h" su##+undin "!h"#i' a!+s and !ha!



!h" la!!"# "/"#'is" !h" i"llin (+#'" +n !h" (+#"#% S!" in!+ !h" sunshin"% &h" lin" +(

"!h"# (#+ !h" sun is .ib#a!in (as!"# !han !h" "!h"# in !h" b+dy bu! !h" hih"# i"ls !h"

l+*"# !h" #"a!"# '+n!#+ls !h" l"ss"# and s++n b+!h "!h"#s a#" in unis+n% &h" hysi'al

a!+s us! '+in'id" in .ib#a!i+n *i!h !h"i# "!h"#i' "n."l+"s and !h" n+!" is h"a!%

S!" in!+ !h" shad" *h"#" !h" +'"an +( "!h"# is .ib#a!in +#" sl+*ly and !h" "!h"# +(

!h" b+dy #"du'"s i!s .ib#a!i+n% &h" "!h"# is !h" +#iin +( all (+#'" and +( all h"n+"na%

&his "!h"#i' a!!"# (+ll+*s id"n!i'al la*s *i!h #a#i!i' a!!"# +# a''u#a!"ly !h" la*s

+( +u# a!!"# (l+* (#+ !h" "!h"#i' a!!"# (#+ *hi'h i! is ad"% &h" "!h"# has !*+

hund#"d +# +#" "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s "a'h a!+ +( +u# "ih!y +# nin"!y "l""n!s

b"in !h" 'h"i'al uni+n +( #"a! ass"s +( !*+ +# +#" +( !h" "!h"#i' "l""n!s +# !h"i#

'+bina!i+ns% &h"s" "!h"#i' "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s '+bin" and uni!" +u# "l""n!a#y

subs!an'"s sily (+ll+*in in !h"i# '+bina!i+ns !h" la* *hi'h !h"y inh"#i! (#+ !h"i#

a#"n!s% &h"y !a" (+# and sha"% &h"y .ib#a!" !h#+uh +n" +'!a." and !a" s+lid

li<uid +# as"+us (+# in "!h"# as !h"i# !y"s h"#" in +u# *+#ld !a" i! in #a#i!i as !h"i#

.ib#a!i+ns a#" in'#"as"d +# diinish"d% In sh+#! !h" "!h"# is !h" #+!+!y" +( +u# hysi'al

+# #a#i!i' *+#ld +u! +( *hi'h i! is ad" and a #+du'! +( *hi'h i! is%

As !his "!h"# is hysi'al a!!"# !h" sa" as #a#i!i +n" ha#+ni' la* '+."#in b+!h

and as !his "!h"# (ills all sa'" )+d"#n S'i"n'" di.id"s hysi'al a!!"# in!+ !*+ inds

*hi'h (+# '+n."ni"n'" in di(("#"n!ia!i+n a#" h"#" 'all"d #a#i!i' and "!h"#i'%

)a!!"# is s+"!hins'i"n'" d+"s n+! n+* +# 'a#" !+ n+* *ha! in .ib#a!i+n% A

."#y l+* +'!a." +( .ib#a!i+n #+du'"s #a#i!i a ."#y hih +'!a." +( .ib#a!i+n #+du'"s

"!h"#% &h" .ib#a!i+n +( #a#i!i "nds in !h+usands !ha! +( "!h"# b"ins in billi+ns%

B"!*""n !h" !h"#" is a ul( +( .ib#a!i+ns !ha! has n+! y"! b""n b#id"d% F+# !ha! #"as+ns'i"n'" di.id"s a!!"# in!+ !*+ lan"s +# +'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n!h" a!!"# +( !his

.isibl" and !anibl" lan" b"in 'all"d #a#i!i and !ha! +( !h" in.isibl" and in!anibl"

lan" b"in 'all"d "!h"#i'% A'#+ss !his ul( !h" !*+ lan"s #"s+nd !+ "a'h +!h"# n+!" (+#

n+!" !h" n+!" in !#illi+ns 'h+#din *h"n !h" n+!" in !h+usands is s!#u'% N+!" (+# n+!"

'h+#d (+# 'h+#d !h"y ans*"# +n" an+!h"# and !h" inu!"s! and !h" +s! '+l"/

h"n+"na a#" ali" !h" #"sul! +( !his ha#+ni' .ib#a!i+n !ha! +( !h" "!h"# sulyin

F+#'" and !ha! +( !h" #a#i!i a )"diu in *hi'h i! 'an ani("s!%

&his n+*l"d" +( "!h"# is n+! u"ss*+# +# (an'y and *hil" i! is as i+ssibl" +(

#++( as !h" a/i+s +( "+"!#y i! is *+#!hy !h" sa" '#"d"n'" and h+n+#% " a#"*+#in +n hysi'al a/i+s "/a'!ly as *" *+# +n "+"!#i'al a/i+s%

)+d"#n s'i"n'" #"#"s"n!s "a'h and "."#y #a#i!i' a!+ as a l+b" li" !h" "a#!h

(l+a!in in sa'" and su##+und"d by an a!+sh"#" +( "!h"#% &h" subdi.isi+n +(

#a#i!i' a!!"# un!il *" #"a'h "!h"#i' a!+s 'h"i'ally uni!"d !+ a" !h" hysi'al

uni! is !h" '+##"'! d"(ini!i+n +( an a!+% &h" #a#i!i' hysi'al a!+ has l"n!h b#"ad!h

and !hi'n"ss% And i! has an a!+sh"#" +( "!h"# *hi'h n+! +nly in!"#"n"!#a!"s !h" a!+

as +/y"n and hyd#+"n in!"#"n"!#a!" !h" d#+ +( *a!"# bu! (u#nish"s i! *i!h an



"n."l+" as !h" +/y"n and hyd#+"n (u#nish !h" d#+ +( *a!"# *i!h +n"%

Ea'h hysi'al a!+ is !h" '"n!#" +( an "!h"#i' +l"'ul" '++s"d +( any "!h"#i' a!+s

.ib#a!in a! a #"a!"# +# l"ss"# s""d and in!"#"n"!#a!in !h" a!+% Ea'h ay b"

'+nsid"#"d a inia!u#" "a#!h *i!h i!s a"#ial "n."l+" !h" ai# "n"!#a!in all a#!s +( i!%

&h" "!h"#i' lan" +( a!!"# n+! +nly uni!"s *i!h !his #a#i!i' lan" !h#+uh !h" a!+ bu!

i! in!"#"n"!#a!"s all '+bina!i+ns +( i! b"sid" !h" a!+ as *"ll as !h#+uh !h" a!+% &h"#ain +( sand '++s"d +( any #a#i!i' a!+s is als+ '++s"d +( any !i"s !ha!

nub"# +( "!h"#i' a!+s% &h" #ain +( sand is "!h"#i' a!!"# as *"ll as #a#i!i' a!!"#% I!

"/is!s +n !h" "!h"#i' lan" "/a'!ly !h" sa" as i! "/is!s +n !h" #a#i!i' and i! has "!h"#i'

(+# as *"ll as #a#i!i' (+#%

As "a'h a!+ +( !his hysi'al *+#ld +( +u#s*h"!h"# +( land +# *a!"# +# ai# *h"!h"#

+( s+lid li<uid +# asis !h" '"n!#" +( an "!h"#i' +l"'ul" *" ha." !*+ *+#lds n+!

+n": a hysi'al *+#ld and an "!h"#i' +n" a .isibl" *+#ld and an in.isibl" *+#ld a

!anibl" *+#ld and an in!anibl" *+#ld a *+#ld +( "(("'! and a *+#ld +( 'aus"%

And "a'h anial in'ludin an is ad" in !h" sa" *ay% ?" has a #a#i!i' b+dy and

an "!h"#i' b+dy a .isibl" b+dy and an in.isibl" b+dy an "a#!hly b+dy and +n" n+!

ad" *i!h hands in '++n !+u'h *i!h !h" *h+l" uni."#s"%

Chapter For. What a Teacher !hold Teach

"! us su+s" !ha! a '"#!ain *is" !"a'h"# +( hysi's la'"s a #+* +( Buns"n bu#n"#s

und"# a l+n s!""l ba# ha.in a 2ani"ll>s y#+"!"# a! +n" "nd and add#"ss"s his 'lass

Gsubs!an!iallyH as (+ll+*s:

A! +u# las! l"'!u#" *" (+und !ha! !h" a!!"# +( !h" uni."#s" "#"a!"d all sa'" bu! in!*+ '+ndi!i+ns *hi'h *" a#""d !+ 'all hysi'al and "!h"#i' +# !anibl" and in!anibl"%

I! is all !h" sa" a!!"# sub;"'! !+ !h" sa" la*s bu! di(("#in in !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n

!h" hysi'al a!!"# .ib#a!in !h#+uh +n" #"a! +'!a." +# lan" and !h" "!h"#i' .ib#a!in

!h#+uh an+!h"# #"a! +'!a." +# lan" +n" d"#"" hih"#!h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h"

a!!"# +( !h" !*+ lan"s in +n" n+!" #+du'in *ha! *" 'all "n"#y +# (+#'" and *i!h i!

h"n+"na%

&his is a ba# +( s!""l 36 in'h"s l+n% I! is '++s"d +( hysi'al a!+s bu! n+ !*+

hysi'al a!+s !+u'h% Ea'h hysi'al a!+ is as (a# aa#! (#+ "."#y +!h"# a!+ as !h"

s!a#s in h"a."n (#+ +n" an+!h"#in #++#!i+n !+ !h"i# si@"% &h" a!+s and !h" sa'"s b"!*""n !h" a#" s+ sall !+ +u# sih! !ha! !h"y s"" !+ !+u'h% I( *" had a i'#+s'+"

+( su((i'i"n! +*"# !+ #"."al !h" a!+ y+u *+uld s"" !ha! n+ !*+ a!+s !+u'h and !ha!

!h" sa'"s b"!*""n !h" a#" as Fa#aday says ."#y #"a! in #++#!i+n !+ !h"i# si@"% I

sh+*"d y+u las! !"# !ha! *ha! a"a#"d !+ b" a s+lid s!#"a +( *a!"# *h"n ani(i"d

and !h#+*n u+n a s'#""n *as "#"ly a su''"ssi+n +( ind""nd"n! d#+s !ha! did n+!

!+u'h% I 'an n+! y"! i." y+u #++( +( !h" ba# +( i#+n b"in '++s"d +( ind""nd"n!

a!+s bu! !ha! is !h" (aul! +( +u# ins!#u"n!s and y+u us! !a" y *+#d (+# i! un!il !h"



#++( is sili(i"d and ad" "asy +( ali'a!i+n%

Ea'h +n" +( !h"s" hysi'al a!+s is a inia!u#" *+#ld% I! is !h" '"n!"# +( an +'"an +(

"!h"# '++s"d +( any a!+s and *hil" n+ !*+ hysi'al a!+s !+u'h !h"i# "!h"#i'

a!+sh"#"s d+ !+u'h and any 'han" in !h" .ib#a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#i' a!+sh"#" +( +n"

*ill b" ia#!"d !+ !ha! +( !h" n"/!% As !h" .ib#a!i+n +( !h" hysi'al a!+ us! b" in

ha#+ny *i!h !ha! +( i!s "!h"#i' a!+sh"#" any 'han" '+in !+ +n" *ill b" ia#!"d!+ !h" n"/! and !h" n"/! !h#+uh !h" "!h"# su##+undin !h"%

=+u 'an s"" !ha! !h" ind"/ a! !h" "nd +( !h" ba# has +."d sh+*in !ha! i! is n+*

l+n"#% &ha! "ans !h" "!h"#i' a!+s a#" n+* .ib#a!in (as!"# !ain +#" sa'" and

ha." n"'"ssa#ily (+#'"d "a'h hysi'al a!+ (a#!h"# aa#!% &h" ba# is n+! +nly l+n"# bu!

s+(!"# and as !h" .ib#a!i+ns in'#"as" in #aidi!y !h" !i" *ill '+" *h"n i! *ill b"nd by

i!s +*n *"ih! and "."n *h"n i! *ill b"'+" a li<uid and a as%

I( y+u u! y+u# hand any*h"#" n"a# !h" ba# y+u *ill (""l a s"nsa!i+n 'all"d h"a! and

say i! has b"'+" h+!% &h" #"as+n (+# !ha! is !ha! y+u a#" in a'!ual and li!"#al !+u'h *i!h

!h" ba# +# i#+n !h#+uh !h" "!h"#% I! is n+! al+n" "a'h a!+ +( !h" ba# +( i#+n !ha! issu##+und"d by !h" "!h"# bu! "a'h a!+ +( !h" ai# and "a'h a!+ +( y+u# b+dy% &h"i#

"!h"#i' a!+sh"#"s a#" all !+u'hin and !h" in'#"as" in !h" .ib#a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#

su##+undin !h" a!+s +( i#+n is ia#!"d !+ !h+s" +( !h" ai# su##+undin i! and !h"s" in

!u#n #ais" !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n in !h" "!h"#i' a!+s su##+undin !h" hysi'al a!+s +(

y+u# hand% &his #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n in y+u# n"#."s 'aus"s a s"nsa!i+n +# "n!al

i#"ssi+n y+u 'all h"a!% C+ns'i+usn"ss +( i! '+"s !h#+uh y+u# s"ns" +( !+u'h bu!

a(!"# all i! is "#"ly a #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n9 *hi'h y+u# b#ain #"'+ni@"s and na"s%

&h" ba# has n+* #"a'h"d a !""#a!u#" +( ab+u! 700 d"#""s and has b"'+" a dull

#"d% hy d+ y+u say !h" '+l+# has 'han"d and *hy d+ y+u say #"d

B"'aus" !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#i' a!+s in !h" ba# is n+* ab+u! 41 !#illi+ns

"# s"'+nd and !his #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n ha.in b""n ia#!"d !+ !h" "!h"# +( !h" ai# has in

!u#n b""n ia#!"d !+ !h" "!h"# +( y+u# "y" and !his #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n in !h" "!h"# +( !h"

n"#."s +( y+u# "y" y+u# b#ain #"'+ni@"s and 'alls >#"d%>

&h" h"a! s!ill '+n!inu"s and in'#"as"s% =+u n+* ha." b+!h h"a! and lih!% S+ y+u s""

!ha! !h" "!h"# is n+! .ib#a!in in a sinl" n+!" bu! in !*+ 'h+#din n+!"s #+du'in lih!

and h"a!% &h"#" a#" !*+ inds +( "!h"# a#+und !h" i#+n a!+% &h"#" is s+und als+ bu! !h"

n+!" is !++ hih (+# +n">s "a#s% I! is a 'h+#d +( !h#"" n+!"s%

P#+("ss+# Sillian +( =al" dis'+."#"d +."# !*"n!y y"a#s a+ !ha! !h" "!h"# '+uld b"

di(("#"n!ia!"d in!+ !h" luini("#+us +# lih! "!h"# and !h" s+n+#i("#+us +# s+und "!h"#%

$!h"# #"a! s'i"n!is!s sin'" !h"n ha." (+und a !hi#d "!h"#!h" h"a! "!h"#%

&h"i# dis'+."#i"s sh+* !ha! !h" a!+sh"#i' "!h"#i' "n."l+" +( "a'h "!h"#i' a!+ is

ad" u +( "!h"#i' a!+s +( di(("#"n! .ib#a!+#y +*"#s% As !h" a!+sh"#" +( !h" "a#!h is

ad" u +( a!+s +( +/y"n and ni!#+"n and a#+n s+ !ha! +( an a!+ is ad" u +(



!h#"" inds +( "!h"#s '+##"s+ndin !+ !h#"" +( +u# s"ns"s% &ha! i! '+nsis!s +( (i." "!h"#s

'+##"s+ndin !+ +u# (i." s"ns"s as !h" an'i"n! ?indus ass"#!*h+ 'an say

I "n!i+n !his sub;"'! +( !h" di(("#"n!ia!i+n +( !h" "!h"# "#"ly !ha! y+u ay n+!

su+s" !ha! !h" "!h"# is a sil" subs!an'"% F+# !h" #"s"n! *" *ill !#"a! i! as a sil"

subs!an'" bu! n"/! y"a# *" *ill !a" i! u as a '++und +n"%

&his s!""l ba# b"(+#" y+u is n+! +n" ba# bu! !*+ ba#s% &h"#" is a .isibl" ba# and anin.isibl" ba# !h" .isibl" ba# b"in ad" +( hysi'al a!+s and !h" in.isibl" ba# +(

"!h"#i' a!+s% &h" "!h"#i' ba# is in.isibl" bu! i! is ad" +( a!!"# !h" sa" as !h"

.isibl" ba# and i! is ;us! as #"al ;us! as !#uly a ba# as !h" +n" *" s""%

)+#" !han !his% &h" "!h"#i' in.isibl" ba# is !h" s+u#'" and 'aus" +( all h"n+"na

'+nn"'!"d *i!h !h" ba#% I! is !h" #"al ba# and !h" +n" *" s"" is "#"ly !h" shad+* in

hysi'al a!!"# +( a #"al ba#% In sha" s!#"n!h '+l+# in sh+#! in "."#y!hin i! d""nds

+n !h" in.isibl" +n"% &h" in.isibl" d+ina!"s +."#ns dis+s"s% &h" .isibl" is "#"ly i!s

a!!"ndan! shad+* 'hanin as !h" in.isibl" "!h"#i' ba# 'han"s and #"'+#din (+# +u#

s"ns"s !h"s" in.isibl" 'han"s%

&h" in.isibl" 'han" al*ays '+"s (i#s! !h" in.isibl" h"n+"na in.a#iably #"'"d"

!h" .isibl"%

In all !his hysi'al *+#ldin all !his uni."#s"!h"#" is n+!hin n+! "."n a #ain +(

sand +# an a!+ +( hyd#+"n !ha! is n+! as !his ba# +( i#+n is!h" shad+* 'as! +n a

.isibl" *+#ld by !h" unn+*n and ys!"#i+us *+# +( an in.isibl" *+#ld%

and +# *a!"# +un!ain +# la" an +# b"as! bi#d +# #"!il" '+ld +# h"a! lih! +#

da#n"ss all a#" !h" #"(l"'!i+n in hysi'al a!!"# +( !h" !#u" and #"al !hin in !h"

in.isibl" and in!anibl" *+#ld ab+u! us% I( *" ha." a .isibl" b+dy *" ha." an in.isibl"+n" als+ said Sain! Paul% )+d"#n s'i"n'" has #+."n h" *as #ih! and !ha! i! is !h"

in.isibl" b+dy *hi'h is !h" #"al b+dy%

I( !his "a#!h and all !ha! i! is '++s"d +(land +# +'"an +# ai# an +# b"as! y#aid

+# a.""n!'+uld b" #"s+l."d in!+ !h" hysi'al a!+s '++sin "."#y!hin in i! +#

+n i! '#"a!"d by +d +# an "a'h a!+ +( !his dus! *+uld b" id"n!i'al hysi'ally% &h"#"

*+uld n+! b" +n" ind +( a!+ (+# i#+n and an+!h"# (+# +/y"n%

&h" di(("#"n!ia!i+n b"!*""n *ha! a#" 'all"d "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s is (i#s! ad"

aa#"n! in !h" +l"'ul" +# (i#s! '+bina!i+n +( !h" a!+s% I! is n+! in !h" a!+ i!s"l(

unl"ss i! b" in !h" si@" as ay n+! b" i#+babl"% &h" a!+s '+bin" in di(("#"n!nub"#s !+ a" di(("#"n!ly sha"d +l"'ul"s and i! is (#+ !his di(("#"n'" in !h" sha"

+( !h" +l"'ul" !ha! *" "! !h" di(("#"n'" b"!*""n +ld and sil."# '+"# and !in +#

+/y"n and hyd#+"n%

In all 'h"i'al '++unds su'h as *a!"# and al'+h+l !h" +l"'ul"s a! !h" bas" +( !h"

!*+ +# +#" subs!an'"s b#"a u in!+ !h"i# +#iinal a!+s and (+# a n"* +l"'ul"

'++s"d +( all !h" a!+s in !h" !*+ +# +#" !hins '+bin"d% &+ a" !his 'h"i'al



'+bina!i+n *" us! 'han" !h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n +( +n" +# !h" +!h"# +# b+!h un!il !h"y

s!#i" a '++n 'h+#d% As *" sa* las! !"# +/y"n and hyd#+"n ha." di(("#"n!

s"'i(i' h"a!s and n+ !*+ +!h"# "l""n!s ha." !h" sa" s"'i(i' h"a! *hil" h"a! #ais"s

!h" #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n% Any i."n a+un! +( h"a! #ais"s !h" .ib#a!i+n +( +n" +#" !han

an+!h"#% Aly h"a! and !h" #a!" +( +n" *ill #is" (as!"# !han !ha! +( !h" +!h"# un!il !h"y

#"a'h a '++n 'h+#d% &h"n !h"y (all aa#! and #"'+bin"%I( *" ass a 'u##"n! +( "l"'!#i'i!y !h#+uh !his s"al"d ;a# '+n!ainin +/y"n and

hyd#+"n in "'hani'al uni+n !h" sa# !ha! l"as a'#+ss !h" +in!s (u#nish"s !h" h"a!

and a d#+ +( *a!"# a"a#s and (alls !+ !h" b+!!+% A la#" +#!i+n +( !h" as"s has

disa"a#"d% I! has b""n '+n."#!"d in!+ *a!"#% ha! is l"(! +( !h" as"s *ill "/and and

(ill !h" b+!!l"%

&h" d#+ +( *a!"# bu! (+# l+'al 'aus"s bu! (+# a '"#!ain a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" "a#!h *+uld

(l+a! in !h" '"n!#" +( !h" ;a# a! !h" '"n!#" +( #a.i!y as !h" "a#!h d+"s in sa'"% Bu! !h"

'"n!#" +( #a.i!y +( !h" !*+ b+di"s is (a# *i!hin !h" "a#!h and !h" d#+ "!s as 'l+s" !+ i!

as i! 'an% &h" "a#!h>s >ull> !a"s i! !+ !h" b+!!+% I( !h" ;a# *"#" (a# "n+uh a*ay in sa'"!h" d#+ *+uld (l+a! as !h" "a#!h (l+a!s a! a +in! *h"#" all ulls balan'" and !h" d#+

+( *a!"# *+uld ha." "n+uh ull +( i!s +*n "n+uh #a.i!y *i!hin i!s"l( !+ h+ld all !h"

as l"(! in !h" ;a# !+ i!s"l( as an a!+sh"#"% I! *+uld b" a '"n!#" +( "n"#y a ina!u#"

*+#ld%

&h" d#+ +( *a!"# is n+! a h++"n+us ass% Ab+u! +n" !hi#d +( !h" bul +( !h" d#+ +(

*a!"# is ad" u +( ind""nd"n! +/y"n and hyd#+"n a!+s in!"#s"#s"d !h#+uh i! as

any li<uid is !h#+uh !his i"'" +( bl+!!in a"#% And i! has and ""s by i!s +*n

a!!#a'!i+n an a!+sh"#" +( !h" as% Ea'h +l"'ul" +( *a!"# has a !hin lay"# +# sin +(

!h" as "."n as i! '+"s (#+ !his (au'"!%"! us #"!u#n aain !+ !h" hysi'al dus! !h" a!+% hy sh+uld i! (+# by (i."s (+# i#+n

by nin"s (+# hyd#+"n h"#" did !h" a!+ '+" (#+ ha! is i! " n+* !ha! li"

!h" d#+ +( *a!"# i! is a inia!u#" *+#ld *i!h an a!+sh"#" +( "!h"# and !h" na!u#al

in("#"n'" is !ha! i! is ad" (#+ "!h"# as !h" d#+ +( *a!"# *as ad" (#+ as% )any

!hins '+n(i# !his in("#"n'" and i! ay b" a''"!"d as >a *+#in hy+!h"sis> !ha! i! is

ad" (#+ "!h"# as !h" d#+ +( *a!"# is ad" (#+ as by !h" 'h"i'al uni+n +( a la#"

a+un! +( "!h"# +( di(("#"n! inds !h" "!h"#i' +l"'ul"s +( *hi'h '+nsis! +( and 3 +# 5

and 4 "!h"#i' a!+s and !ha! !h" !"nd"n'y !+ '+bin" in !his +# !ha! nub"# in hysi'al

a!!"# is an inh"#i!"d !"nd"n'y b#+uh! *i!h i! (#+ !h" "!h"#i' *+#ld +( a!!"# +n*hi'h +# in *hi'h "a'h "l""n! +( !his *+#ld is !*+ +# +#"% &h"#" is n+ ind +( a!!"#

in !his hysi'al *+#ld !ha! has n+! i!s #+!+!y" in !h" "!h"#i' and !h" la*s +( i!s a'!i+n

and #"a'!i+n h"#" a#" la*s *hi'h i! inh"#i!s and b#ins *i!h i!% &h"y a#" n+! la*s ad"

h"#"% &h"y a#" la*s +( !h" +!h"# *+#ld"."n as !h" a!!"# i!s"l( is a!!"# +( !h" +!h"#

*+#ld%

In 188 P#+("ss+# +d" in a l"'!u#" b"(+#" !h" R+yal Ins!i!u!i+n +n >&h"

uini("#+us E!h"#> d"(in"d i! as:



>$n" '+n!inu+us subs!an'" (illin all sa'" *hi'h 'an .ib#a!" as lih! *hi'h 'an b"

sh"a#"d in!+ +si!i." and n"a!i." "l"'!#i'i!y *hi'h in *hi#ls '+ns!i!u!"s a!!"# and

*hi'h !#ansi!s by '+n!inui!y and n+! ia'! "."#y a'!i+n and #"a'!i+n +( *hi'h a!!"#

is 'aabl"%>

&his #"ads !+day li" baby-!al bu! a! !ha! !i" G"ih!""n y"a#s a+H i! *as '+nsid"#"d

by any !iid '+ns"#.a!i." s'i"n!is!s as >a da#in +.""n!%> I! is n+!"*+#!hy in !ha! i!*as !h" (i#s! ubli' s'i"n!i(i' ann+un'""n! !ha! !h" hysi'al a!!"# is a ani("s!a!i+n

+# (+# +( !h" "!h"#% And i! *as ad" b"(+#" "n"#al a''"!an'" +( !h" di.isi+n +( !h"

"!h"# in!+ s+ni("#+us luini("#+us and !ani("#+us%

>hi'h in *hi#ls '+ns!i!u!"s a!!"#%> P#+("ss+# +d" b"li"."d !ha! >s+" "!h"#i'

+l"'ul"s #".+l."d s+ #aidly +n !h"i# a/is !ha! !h"y '+uld n+! b" "n"!#a!"d%> a!'h !h"

s+a-bubbl"s !ha! I a bl+*in% Ea'h and "."#y +n" is #".+l.in as !h" "a#!h #".+l."s

(#+ *"s! !+ "as!% ha! I *ish !+ 'all y+u# a!!"n!i+n !+ is !h" (a'! !ha! 'an b" #+."n

b+!h a!h"a!i'ally and !h"+#"!i'ally !ha! a! a '"#!ain #a!" +( s""d in !h" #".+lu!i+n

!h"y '+uld n+! b" "n"!#a!"d by any #i(l"-ball% A! a hih"# #a!" +( s""d !h"y *+uld b"ha#d"# !han l+b"s +( s+lid 'hill"d s!""l ha#d"# "."n !han 'a#b+n% P#+("ss+# +d"

b"li"."d !ha! !h" "!h"#i' +l"'ul" #".+l."d s+ #aidly !ha! !hin as i! *as in i!s sh"ll i!

a." us !h" dus! +u! +( *hi'h *+#lds *"#" ad"% &h"#" is +n" (a!al "##+# in !his id"a

al!h+uh i! is h"ld "."n n+* by any% I! is bas"d "n!i#"ly +n #a.i!y and #a.i!y is al+n"

'+nsid"#"d in i!s #+bl"s% &h"#" a#" !*+ #"a! (+#'"s in !h" uni."#s" n+! +n" as any

s'i"n!i(i' "+l" (ail !+ #""b"# #a.i!y and A"#y +# !h" '"n!#i(ual and

'"n!#i"!al (+#'"s% &h" ull in is and us! b" al*ays balan'"d by !h" ull +u!% &h"#" is in

!h" uni."#s" as u'h #"ulsi+n as a!!#a'!i+n and !h" (+#"# is a (+#'" <ui!" as i+#!an!

as !h" la!!"#% &h" bubbl">s s""d "! in'#"asin un!il a"#y !h" !"nd"n'y !+ (ly +((

+."#'a" #a.i!y and i! #u!u#"d%

P#+("ss+# +d" (ail"d !+ !a" in!+ a''+un! !his a"#i' (+#'" !his !"nd"n'y !+ (ly +((

*h"n h" a." su'h hih #".+lu!i+na#y s""d !+ !h" "!h"#i' +l"'ul"s a s""d in *hi'h

a"#y *+uld n"'"ssa#ily "/'""d #a.i!y% &h" (ailu#" !+ !a" a"#y in!+ '+nsid"#a!i+n

has b""n !h" und+in +( any hysi'is!s%

&+day *" n+* !ha! !h" "!h"# is a!!"# !h" sa" as +u# +*n +nly (in"# and #a#"# and in

u'h +#" #aid .ib#a!i+n% " n+* !ha! !his "!h"# has i!s s+lids li<uids and as"s

(+#"d (#+ +l"'ul"s +( i!s a!+s "."n as +u# +*n a#" (+#"d% " n+* !ha! i!s

a!+s '+bin" as +u#s d+ and *hil" *" ha." bu! "ih!y "l""n!a#y '+bina!i+ns i!us! ha." +#" !han d+ubl" !h" nub"#% " n+* !ha! "."#y (+# and sha" and

'+bina!i+n +( !h"s" "l""n!s (#+ !his lan" (l+*s (#+ inh"#i!"d !"nd"n'i"s ha.in

!h"i# #++! in !h" "!h"#i' *+#ld%

&h" !*+ *+#lds a#" +n" *+#ldas u'h a! +n" *i!h +u#s as !h" *+#ld +( as ab+u! us

is a! +n" *i!h +u# li<uids and s+lids% I! is >'+n!inui!y n+! ia'!%> &h"y n+! +nly !+u'h

"."#y*h"#" and in "."#y!hin bu! !h"y a#" +n" and !h" sa" in a'!i+n and #"a'!i+n%



&hus sa" a '"#!ain *is" !"a'h"# +( hysi's% &+ his *is" u!!"#an'"s *" 'an +nly add

!ha! su'h as *" a#" !+day *" s"" !h#+uh a lass da#ly% ="! !h"#" *ill '+" a day

*h"n !h" hysi'al banda"s *ill b" #"+."d (#+ +u# "y"s and *" shall s"" (a'" !+

(a'" !h" b"au!y and #and"u# and l+#y +( !his in.isibl" *+#ld and !ha! in !#u!h i!

>!#ansi!s by '+n!inui!y and n+! ia'! "."#y a'!i+n and #"a'!i+n +( *hi'h a!!"# is

'aabl"> (+#in +n" '+n!inu+us 'hain +( 'aus" and "(("'! *i!h+u! a lin issin%&h"#" a#" n+ ul(s !+ '#+ss n+ b#id"s !+ b" ad"% I! is h"#" n+! !h"#"% I! is a! +n" *i!h

us% And *" a#" a! +n" *i!h i!% $n" and !h" sa" la* '+n!#+ls and uid"s !h" "!h"#i' a!+

and !h" hysi'al a!+ ad" (#+ i!s +l"'ul"s *h"!h"# !h" la!!"# a#" ad" in *hi#ls

as a! (i#s! su+s"d +# by +#d"#ly '+bina!i+n as n+* b"li"."d%

In (a'! !his .isibl" *+#ld +( +u#s is !h" "#("'! #+du'! +( !h" +!h"# in.isibl" +n" ha.in

in i! i!s #++! and (+unda!i+n !h" ."#y sa +( i!s li("%

Chapter Fi"e. The For Manifested Planes

&h" +#i"n!al id"a +( !h" uni."#s" d+"s n+! di(("# (unda"n!ally in i!s "n"#al '+n'"!i+n(#+ !ha! +( +d"#n s'i"n'" bu! i! +"s (a#!h"# and "/lains +#"% &h" hysi's +( !h"

s"'#"! d+'!#in" a#" bas"d u+n a a!"#ial uni."#s" +( (+u# lan"s +( .ib#a!i+n and a

si#i!ual uni."#s" +( !h#"" lan"s +( .ib#a!i+n b"y+nd a!!"#% &his S+"!hin in

.ib#a!i+n ay b" i."n !h" Enlish na" C+ns'i+usn"ss*i!h+u! "n!"#in u+n i!s

na!u#"%

Si#i! is '+ns'i+usn"ss in .ib#a!i+n and undi(("#"n!ia!"d%

)a!!"# is '+ns'i+usn"ss in .ib#a!i+n and di(("#"n!ia!"d%

As *" di.id" !h" s"."n +'!a."s +( a ian+ in!+ &#"bl" and Bass (+# 'l"a#n"ss +( !h+uh!and *#i!in s+ !h" ?idd"n ,n+*l"d" di.id"s !h" s"."n +'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n +# lan"s

in!+ Si#i! and )a!!"#% In !h"i# ul!ia!" analysis !h"y a#" +n" and !h" sa" !hin as i'"

and *a!"# a#" !h" sa" !hin bu! (+# s!udy !h"y us! b" di(("#"n!ia!"d%

&h" a!"#ial and hysi'al uni."#s" '+nsis!s +( (+u# lan"s +( a!!"# +# (+u# #"a!

+'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n "a'h di(("#"n!ia!"d (#+ !h" +!h"# as in +u# hysi's #a#i!i is

di(("#"n!ia!"d (#+ "!h"#% &h" a!"#ial uni."#s" !h" an'i"n! hysi's !"a'h *as

+#iinally u#" !h+uh! )anasa !h" #+du'! +( !h" si#i!ual lan"s ab+."% &his anasi'

*+#ld *as di(("#"n!ia!"d a #"al *+#ld% &ha! is !+ say i! *as i."n "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s

by !h" uni+n +( i!s a!+s in di(("#"n! si@"d +l"'ul"s% S+" +( i!s "l""n!s '+bin"d

and (+#"d P#ana% &h" #ana a!h"#"d and (+#"d +!h"# *+#lds #ani' *+#lds% &h"n in

!h" #ani' *+#ld "!h"#i' *+#lds *"#" (+#"d and (inally in !h" "!h"#i' *+#lds #a#i!i'

l+b"s li" !h" "a#!h *"#" (+#"d% &h" "a#!h is !h" '"n!#" +( a #a#i!i' l+b" #".+l.in

in "!h"# a#+und !h" sun% &h" sun is !h" '"n!#" +( a s+la# l+b" +( "!h"# #".+l.in in #ana

a#+und Al'y+n"% Al'y+n" is !h" '"n!#" +( a s!"lla# l+b" +( #ana #".+l.in in anasa

a#+und !h" '"n!#al and hidd"n sun +( !h" #"a! anasi' l+b"% &h"s" (+u# '+ndi!i+ns +(

a!!"# #a#i!i "!h"# #ana and anasa a#" !h" "a#!h *a!"# (i#" ai# +( !h" An'i"n!



)"!ahysi's !h" (+u# "l""n!s +( a!!"# and a#" #"s"n! in "."#y a!+ +( #a#i!i%

h"n !h" a!+ +( #ana *as (+#"d i! had an "n."l+" +( anasa% h"n !h" a!+ +(

"!h"# *as (+#"d i! had an "n."l+" +( #ani'-anasi' a!+s% h"n !h" #a#i!i' a!+

*as (+#"d i! had an "n."l+" +( "!h"#i'-#ani'-anasi' a!+s "a'h +( i!s "n'i#'lin

"!h"#i' a!+s b"in !h" '"n!#" +( a #ani' +l"'ul" and "a'h #ani' a!+ +( !ha!

+l"'ul" b"in !h" '"n!#" +( a anasi' +l"'ul"%Ea'h a!+ +( #a#i!i *as !h" a!"#ial uni."#s" in inia!u#"% I! h"ld !h" +!"n!iali!i"s +(

ind li(" and h"n+"na% In "."#y a#"a!i+n +( a!+s !h"#" *"#" !h" (+u# lan"s

"a'h in !+u'h !h#+uh !h" C+si' )ind i!s anasa *i!h +!h"# a!+s in !h" uni."#s"

*i!h "."#y +!h"# l+b" +( *ha!"."# ind% As ab+." s+ b"l+* *as !h" s"'#"! ,"y-

*+#d% &h" uni!y +( all !h" a!"#ial uni."#s" in i!s #a#i!i "!h"# #ana and anasa *as

!h" '+#n"# s!+n" +( !his n+*l"d"% &h" !h#"" lan"s ab+." #a#i!i *"#" 'all"d As!#al

and in '++n s""'h !h"#" *as !h" +#dina#y di.isi+n in!+ !*+ lan"s .isibl" and

in.isibl" +# Si#i! as !h" in.isibl" *as 'all"d and )a!!"# as !h" .isibl" *as 'all"d%

$nly in !h" hidd"n s"'#"! d+'!#in" +( hysi's and in !h" +"n "!ahysi's *hi'h *"#" a

s!ublin bl+' and (++lishn"ss !+ !h+s" *h+ had n+! !h" inn"# lih! +( !h"

hysi's *"#" !h" !h#"" di.isi+ns +( !h" as!#al ad" n+*n and !h" !#u" dis!in'!i+n

b"!*""n !h" si#i! +( !h" !h#"" hih"# lan"s and !h" a!!"# +( !h" (+u# l+*"# *as "!

+u! +( !h" "!ahysi's +# +nly .au"ly allud"d !+%

&h"#" is n+ +#i"n!al s'i"n'" b"'aus" !h" +#i"n!al d+"s n+! a!!a'h !h" sa" .alu" !+

"#"ly hysi'al n+*l"d" !ha! *" d+% Bu! !ha! us! n+! b" und"#s!++d !+ ily !ha!

!h"#" is n+ +#i"n!al hysi's% In all !h" a!!"#s !ha! in!"#"s! us n+* as (a# as #in'il"s a#"

'+n'"#n"d !h" +#i"n!al n"* all !ha! *" n+*% ?" n"* i! !h+usands +( y"a#s a+ *h"n

+u# an'"s!+#s *"#" sl""in *i!h !h" 'a." b"a#s%

&ha! is all !h" ++d i! did hi !h" s'i"n!is! says% N+% &ha! is n+! !#u"% I! is "#("'!ly

!#u" !ha! !h" +#i"n!al !h" Babyl+nian *h+ 'a#."d +n !h" Bla' S!+n" n+* in !h" B#i!ish

)us"u !h" (i." ++ns +( ui!"# "/+sin his"l( !+ !h" d"#isi+n +( +u# as!#+n+"#s

#i+# !+ !h"i# +*n dis'+."#y +( !h" (i(!h ++n in 188 did n+! 'a#" a#!i'ula#ly *h"!h"#

!h"#" *"#" (+u# ++ns +# (i." and had n+ sal" (+# any !"l"s'+"s h" ih! a" (+# n+

+n" "ls" 'a#"d a#!i'ula#ly% Bu! i! *as n+! !#u" !ha! h" did n+! 'a#" (+# any and all

n+*l"d" !ha! *+uld i#+." his si#i!ual '+ndi!i+n by i.in hi '+##"'! id"as +( !h"

uni."#s" and +( his +*n a#! in i!% &+ hi li(" *as +#" !han "a! and !h" b+dy +#"

!han #ai"n!% ?" *as +#" a(#aid +( sin !han +( in+#an'"% " a#" +#" a(#aid +(

in+#an'" !han +( sin% ?" #"("##"d !+ b"!!"# "n>s +#al '+ndi!i+n *" #"("# !+ b"!!"#!h"i# hysi'al '+ndi!i+n%

I( +n" +( !h" Sa"s +( !h" Eas! '+uld b" 'all"d u and u! +n !h" s!and !+ b" <u"s!i+n"d

h" *+uld say subs!an!ially:

=+u a#" #ih! in #"a#d !+ y+u# "!h"# and !+ #a#i!i b"in "!h"# !ha! has b""n d#+"d a

#"a! +'!a." in .ib#a!i+n% =+u# hysi'al a!+ is su##+und"d by a +l"'ul" +( "!h"# !his

+l"'ul" '+n!ainin any a!+s +( "!h"#% &h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n d+"s #+du'" all



hysi'al h"n+"na%

Bu! *h"#" did !h" "!h"# a!+ '+" (#+ ?+* 'an y+u "/lain h+* and *h"n'" li("

'+"s +# *ha! i! is &his "/lains hysi'al bu! h+* d+ y+u "/lain .i!al h"n+"na

=+u a#" *#+n in assuin !ha! all !h" a!!"# +( !h" uni."#s" aa#! (#+ !h" "a#!h +#

lan"!s is "!h"# and +nly "!h"#% &h" "!h"#i' *+#ld in *hi'h y+u a#" in!"#"s!"d "nds *i!h

y+u# s+la# sys!"% I! "nds *i!h "a'h s+la# sys!" !+ !h" "+l" +( !ha! sys!"% B"!*""n"a'h s+la# sys!" and an+!h"# !h"#" is an+!h"# (+# +( a!!"# !ha! is n+! "!h"#%

&his "!h"#i' s+la# *+#ld +( +u#s is ."#y la#" any billi+ns +( il"s in dia"!"# bu! i!

is n+! !h" *h+l" uni."#s"% =+u n+* !ha! !h" sun and all i!s lan"!s a#" #".+l.in a#+und

!h" s!a# Al'y+n"% =+u# as!#+n+"#s !+ld y+u !ha! y"a#s a+ and !h"y ha." #"'"n!ly i."n

y+u !h" #a!" +( s""d as 4838 il"s "# h+u#%

2id y+u n+! s"" and n+* !ha! i( !h"y had !his #".+lu!i+n a#+und a '"n!#al sun i! us!

b" *i!hin a s+la# l+b"

2id y+u !hin !ha! !h" sun and i!s lan"!s and +!h"# suns and !h"i# lan"!s *"#" !"a#in!h"i# *ay !h#+uh !h" "!h"# li" s+ any (ish +n a disy-h++ (#+ a )a#bl"h"ad (ishin

sa' #unnin b"(+#" !h" *ind

2id i! n"."# +''u# !+ y+u !ha! !h" "!h"# +( !his s+la# sys!" us! b" #".+l.in a#+und

!his '"n!#al sun &h" *h+l" s+la# sys!" "!h"# and lan"!s a#" #".+l.in a#+und

Al'y+n" and !h" #"as+n *hy !h"i# in+# #".+lu!i+n a#+und !h" sun is n+! a(("'!"d by i!

is b"'aus" !h" s+la# sys!" is a .as! l+b" +( "!h"# ha.in a !hinn"# and #a#"# "diu !+

#".+l." in !h" sa" as +u# "a#!h has% I! is !h" +!i+n +( a (ly in a +.in 'a#%

N+* (i/ y+u# a!!"n!i+n +n !his l+b" +( "!h"# !his s+la# l+b"% =+u us! d+ i! !+ "! !h"

'+n'"! b"(+#" y+u% =+u ha." n+*n +( i! all y+u# li(" *i!h+u! +n'" #"ally a#"h"ndini! (+# y+u ha." n"."# l"a#n"d !+ !hin +# !+ u!ili@" !h" n+*l"d" !ha! *as i."n y+u%

&h" id"a is as n"* and as s!#an" as i( y+u had n"."# n+*n i!%

ha! li"s b"y+nd !h" su#(a'" +( !h" s+la# l+b" S+"!hin us! s+"!hin as u'h

#a#"# and !hinn"# !han !h" "!h"# as !h" "!h"# is #a#"# and !hinn"# !han #a#i!i% Can y+u n+!

u"ss

I! is P#ana !h" li(" (+#'" +( !h" uni."#s"% As #a#i!i is ad" (#+ "!h"# s+ "!h"# is

ad" (#+ #ana% I! is ad" in !h" sa" *ay% Ea'h a!+ +( !h" "!h"# is !h" '"n!#" +( a

+l"'ul" +( #ana su##+und"d by an a!+sh"#" +( #ani' a!+s "/a'!ly as y+u#

#a#i!i' a!+ is su##+und"d by an a!+sh"#" +( "!h"#i' a!+s% =+u say !ha! "a'h a!+

+( #a#i!i is !h" '"n!#" +( a +l"'ul" +( "!h"#% S+ i! is% Bu! "a'h a!+ +( !ha! "!h"#i'

+l"'ul" is !h" '"n!#" +( a #ani' +l"'ul"% Ea'h a!+ +( y+u# hysi'al a!!"# is !#il"

n+! d+ubl"%

=+u say !ha! all hysi'al h"n+"na '+" (#+ !h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#i'

and #a#i!i' a!+s +( !h" !*+ lan"s +( a!!"#% ="s% Bu! d+ y+u n+! s"" !ha! all .i!al

h"n+"na '+" (#+ !h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n +( !h" #ani' "!h"#i' and #a#i!i' a!+



+( !h" !h#"" lan"s +( a!!"# *hi'h a#" in "a'h a!+

In !h" li.in l"a( !h" !h#"" lan"s a#" s+undin in 'h+#d in "a'h a!+ +( i!% In !h" d"ad

l"a( d#yin u and (allin !+ i"'"s +nly !h" l+*"# !*+ a#" s+undin in 'h+#d% &h"

sil."# 'h+#d has b""n b#+"n%

Ea'h a!+ +( #a#i!i y+u say has !h" +!"n!iali!y +( s+" ind +( h"n+"n+n% "

add >and +( li(" als+%> &h" +!"n!iali!i"s +( li(" a#" in "."#y a!+ +( #a#i!i% E."n !h"a!+ +( i#+n ay li." in !h" bl++d% I! 'ann+! b"'+" a a#! +( any li.in +#anis un!il

i!s #ana is s+undin !h" 'h+#d +( li(" in unis+n *i!h !h" "!h"# and #a#i!i!h" !h#""(+ld

sil."# 'h+#d%

ha! is !h" '"n!#" +( !his #ana I! is Al'y+n"% &h"#" a#" +!h"# s+la# l+b"s b"sid" +u#s

'i#'lin a#+und Al'y+n" and *" ha." b""n '+nsid"#in +nly +u# +*n s+la# l+b" +(

"!h"#% Al'y+n" is !h" '"n!#" +( !h" #ana in *hi'h !h"y #".+l." as !h" sun is !h" '"n!#" +(

+u# "!h"# in *hi'h !h" lan"!s #".+l."% As !his #ana has a '"n!#" a#+und *hi'h *"

#".+l." *i!h +!h"# s+la# sys!"s !h"n i! us! ha." a '"n!"# +( #a.i!y%

&h"n !his #ana is a l+b"%

&h" #ana d+"s n+! !h"n (ill !his a!"#ial uni."#s"% &h"#" us! b" y"! an+!h"# (+# +(

a!!"# #a#"# and (in"# !han #ana (#+ *hi'h #ana is ad" as "!h"# is ad" (#+ #ana

and #a#i!i (#+ "!h"#% ?a." *" any +!h"# 'lass +( h"n+"na !+ "/lain "/'"! .i!al

and hysi'al ="s !h"#" is a ."#y i+#!an! 'lass "n!al% And h"#" *" ha." !h"

"/lana!i+n i( *" "/"#'is" +u# #"as+n%

&h"s" #ani' l+b"s a#" (l+a!in in an +'"an +( anasa a!!"# in i!s #a#"s! (+#%

Ea'h a!+ +( #ana is (+#"d (#+ anasa "/a'!ly as "!h"# *as (+#"d (#+ #ana

and "a'h #ani' a!+ in !h" uni."#s" is !h" '"n!#" +( a anasi' +l"'ul" ha.in ana!+sh"#" +( anasi' a!+s%

S+ *" a#" n+! "/a'! in i.in !h" #a#i!i' a!+ !h#"" lan"s +# +'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n% I!

has (+u#% =+u "#"ly su##+und i! *i!h "!h"#i' a!+s and !his is '+##"'! s+ (a# as i! +"s%

=+u +nly *ish !+ "/lain hysi'al #+bl"s% Bu! !h"#" a#" +!h"# #+bl"s !+ b"

"/lain"d #+bl"s +( li(" and ind and !h" sa" n+*l"d" y+u ha." "/lains !h"

as *"ll as !h" +!h"#s i( y+u sily a.ail y+u#s"l( +( i!% &ha! y+u d+ n+! '+nsid"# !h"

a!+ as (+u#-(+ld ins!"ad +( !*+-(+ld is y+u# +*n (aul!% I ha." n+! !+ld y+u any!hin y+u

did n+! al#"ady n+*% I ha." +nly as"d y+u !+ aly y+u# #"s"n! n+*l"d" +( hysi's

!+ !h"s" #+bl"s +( li(" and ind and aly y+u# #"as+nin +*"#s%

&h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+n in an a!+ +( a!!"# +(

&h" !*+ lan"s #+du'"s F+#'" +# h"n+"na

&h" !h#"" lan"s #+du'"s i("!h" sil."# 'h+#d

&h" (+u# lan"s #+du'"s )ind!h" +ld"n 'h+#d%

=+u say !h"#" is n+ ul( b"!*""n !h" #a#i!i' and "!h"#i' *+#lds !ha! i! is +n"



'+n!inu+us *+#ld and all i!s h"n+"na a#" by '+n!inui!y and n+! ia'!% &ha! is !#u"

bu! i! is n+! !h" *h+l" !#u!h%

&h"#" is n+ ul( !+ '#+ss b"!*""n !h" #a#i!i' and "!h"#i' *+#lds n+n" !+ '#+ss

b"!*""n !ha! and !h" anasi'% &h" (+u# *+#lds a#" +n" #"a! *+#ld '+n!inu+us

in!"#'han"abl"% &h#+uh !h" (+u# as *"ll as !h#+uh !h" !*+ !h"#" is '+n!inui!y and n+!

ia'!% h"!h"# i! is an a!+ +# a *+#ld !h" (+u# a#" !h"#"% N+!hin n+ '+bina!i+n +(a!+s n+ a!!"# +( any ind h+*"."# sall +# la#" 'an "/is! in !his #a#i!i' *+#ld

unl"ss i! has !h" (+u# "l""n!s *hi'h (#+ !i" i"+#ial +u# hil+s+h"#s ha."

'all"d Ea#!h a!"# Fi#" Ai# "anin !h" (+u# l+b"s +# (+#s +( a!!"# in !h" uni."#s"%

" d+ n+! ha." !+ l"a." !h" "a#!h !+ li." in !h" "!h"#i' l+b"% I! is h"#"% N+# d+ *" ha."

!+ + illi+ns +( il"s !+ #"a'h !h" #ani' l+b"% I! is h"#"% &h" #+bl"s +( lih! and

h"a! a#" n+ "asi"# !han !h" #+bl"s +( bi#!h and d"a!h% &h" #ani' l+b" is *i!hin us

*i!hin "."#y!hin% S+ is !h" anasi'%

I! is h"#" +n !h"s" hih"# lan"s !ha! !h" 'han'"s (+# *+#!hy s!udy a#" #"a!"s!% A! l"as!

*" !hin s+ !h+uh y+u ay n+!% " li." +n !h" anasi'#ani'"!h"#i' l+b" +n #"'is"ly !h" sa" !"#s !ha! *" li." +n !his +( #a#i!i and !h" #+bl"s +( !h" !h#""

a#" "<ually +"n !+ us%

I( !h"#" a#" any *h+ 'a#" !+ (+ll+* u !h" lin" +( !h+uh! I ha." +"n"d *h+ 'a#" (+#

!h" <u"s!i+ns !ha! in!"#"s! us +( !h" Eas! I *ill !al as l+n as !h"y 'a#" !+ lis!"n

#+.id"d !h"y *ill n+! as (+# n+*l"d" !ha! *ill i." !h" +*"# +."# +!h"#s *hi'h

'ann+! (ail !+ b" us"d (+# ".il%

&his is bu! a lis" +( ?indu hysi's y"! i! has h"l"d us in !h" "!ahysi's% " n+*

und"#s!and !h" 'hain +( l+b"sin a#!% &h" "a#!h is (+u#(+ld% As "a'h a!+ +( !h" "a#!h

is (+u#(+ld s+ !h"i# a#"a!i+ns i." us #a#i!i' "a#!h an "!h"#i' "a#!h a #ani' "a#!hand a anasi' "a#!hin '+aduni!i+n and n+! li" !h" sin +( an +ni+n% &h"y a#" s"a#a!"

and dis!in'! l+b"s "a'h +n i!s +*n lan"% I! is (+u# d+*n and !h#"" u (+# !h" An"l

"n!"#in a!!"# *h"!h"# (#+ !h" +u!+s! b+unda#y +( anasi' a!!"# +# !h" su#(a'" +(

!h" "a#!h +# !h" '+."# +( a bas"ball% &h" 'hain +( l+b"s in !h" S"'#"! 2+'!#in"

#"#"s"n!s !h" uni!y +( !h" a!"#ial uni."#s"%

&h" !h#""-(+ld na!u#" +( !h" as!#al +d"l is #"."al"d and !h" uni!y +( all #a#i!i' !hins%

Bu! +#" !han !ha! !+ any inds *ill b" !h" "/lana!i+n i! i."s +( *hy !h"#" a#" bu!

(+u# lan"s +( .ib#a!i+n in a!!"# !ha! !h" hih"s! (+# +( d"."l+"n! in #a#i!i sh+*s

+nly (+u# "l""n!s #a#i!i +# b+dy s"nsa!i+n +# (+#'" li(" and ind and !ha! !h"s" las!!h#"" #"s"n! in all !hins in "ss" b"'+" #"s"n! in +ss" *h"n !h"y *+# !+"!h"#

ha#+ni'ally%

Chapter !i#. Or Place on Earth

&h" n"/! !i" +u# *is" an (#+ !h" "as! *as as"d !+ say a ("* *+#ds and a" his

+*n !+i' h" s+" "#has as (+ll+*s:



?+* la#" d+ y+u !hin !h" "a#!h is =+u ans*"# #+!ly 71 il"s in dia"!"#%

=+u a#" as (a# +u! +( !h" *ay as y+u *"#" in su+sin !ha! +u# sun '+uld b" a '"n!#" +(

#a.i!y +( a l+! +( lan"!s #".+l.in a#+und i! and a#+und Al'y+n" *i!h+u! b"in a l+b"

+( "!h"#% N+* !ha! i! has b""n "n!i+n"d y+u s"" ."#y 'l"a#ly (+# y+u#s"l( !ha! i! us!

b" a s+la# l+b" +( "!h"#% I! (+ll+*s (#+ +n" +( y+u# hysi'al a/i+s% h"n I !"ll y+u

*hy !h" "a#!h is and us! b" ab+u! (i(!y !h+usand il"s in dia"!"# y+u *ill s"" !ha! i!us! b" s+ and !ha! y+u n"* i! all !h" !i" bu! n"."# s!+"d !+ (+#ula!" y+u#

n+*l"d"% =+u ha." had !h" n+*l"d" (+# !h#"" '"n!u#i"s *i!h+u! alyin i!%

I! *as in 160 !ha! y+u# #"a!"s! as!#+n+"# +hn ,"l"# ann+un'"d as +n" +( !h#""

ha#+ni' la*s by *hi'h !h" uni."#s" *as +."#n"d !ha! !h" s<ua#"s +( !h" !i"s +( !h"

lan"!s *"#" #++#!i+nal !+ !h" 'ub"s +( !h"i# dis!an'"s (#+ !h" sun and !ha! !his la*

*as !#u" in hysi's and "."#y*h"#"% N+ +n" +( y+u# s'i"n!is!s has had !h" *isd+ !+

s!udy +u! *ha! i! "an! and (+# !h#"" '"n!u#i"s (+# 1 y"a#s y+u ha." #""a!"d his

*+#ds li" s+ any a##+!s ins!"ad +( usin !h" "y h" a." y+u !+ unl+' !h" ys!"#i"s

+( !h" uni."#s"% A '+#+lla#y +( his la* is !ha! !h" lan"!s +." in !h"i# +#bi!s b"'aus"

!h"y a#" i"ll"d !h"#"!+ b"!*""n !h" !*+ (+#'"s and +." in a "an 'u#." b"!*""n

!h" bu! i! *as n+! un!il 186 !ha! y+u dis'+."#"d !ha! !h" "an b"!*""n !*+ (+#'"s is

al*ays a 'u#." and n"."# a s!#aih! lin"% =+u ha." n+! a !"/! b++ in a s'h++l !+day !ha!

d+"s n+! #""a! !his (unda"n!al and absu#d "##+#*hi'h y+u ha." n+*n (+# !h#""

'"n!u#i"s !+ b" an "##+#!ha! !h" +!i+n #"sul!in (#+ a "an b"!*""n (+#'"s is in a

s!#aih! lin"% &h" 'u#."s #"sul!in h"#" a#" n+! !+ b" "asu#"d "asily and a#" s+ la#"

!ha! sall s""n!s a"a# s!#aih! lin"s and i! *as n+! un!il Ca#"n!"# d"+ns!#a!"d i!

a!h"a!i'ally !ha! any +n" '+uld b"li"." i! !#u"%

&h"#" a#" !*+ #"a! (+#'"s in !his uni."#s"% =+u# #and(a!h"#s 'all"d !h" C"n!#i"!al

and C"n!#i(ual (+#'"s y+u# (a!h"#s 'all"d !h" #a.i!y and A"#y na"s *hi'h s!ill

'lin !+ !h" and y+u 'all !h" A!!#a'!i+n and R"ulsi+n%

I! *as ,"l"# n+! N"*!+n *h+ dis'+."#"d !ha! A!!#a'!i+n +# #a.i!y *as in in."#s"

#++#!i+n !+ !h" s<ua#" +( !h" dis!an'"%

=+u n+* !h" "anin +( !his ys!i' h#as" >as !h" s<ua#"s +( !h" dis!an'"%> =+u

und"#s!and !ha! i! "ans !h" a!!#a'!i+n a! !*+ (""! is +nly +n"-(+u#!h !h" a!!#a'!i+n a! +n"

(++! a! (+u# (""! +nly +n"-si/!""n!h a! "ih! (""! +nly +n" si/!y-(+u#!h%

Bu! *h+ n+*s +# 'a#"s (+# ,"l"#>s #"a! la* +( R"ulsi+n +# A"#y &ha! *as !ha!

!h" >s<ua#" +( !h" !i"s a#" as !h" 'ub"s +( !h" dis!an'"%> I! has lain (all+* (+# '"n!u#i"s% N+ +n" +( y+u# *"s!"#n hysi'is!s has "."# s!udi"d i! +# !#i"d !+ "/lain i!% I! #"ains

;us! *h"#" ,"l"# l"(! i! as !h" "#" la* +( +#bi!al #".+lu!i+n +( !h" lan"!s +nly%

I! is !h" "y !+ !h" #+"# und"#s!andin +( !h" uni."#s"%

>&h" s<ua#"s +( !h" !i"s a#" as !h" 'ub"s +( !h" dis!an'"> "ans !ha! all +!i+n is !h"

#"sul! +( !*+ (+#'"s a'!in u+n #a#i!i and !ha! *h"#" !h" !*+ (+#'"s a#" balan'"d +#

"<ual !h" #"sul! in +!i+n is a 'i#'l" +# "llis" !h" s<ua#" +( !h" R"ulsi+n b"in "<ual



!+ !h" 'ub" +( !h" A!!#a'!i+n !+ a" !h" "<ual and #+du'" a 'i#'l"% In +!h"# 'as"s !h"y

#+du'" hy"#b+la and a#ab+la%

&his is a li!!l" d#yn"a#ly all (unda"n!al n+*l"d" isbu! !h" #"*a#d +( a!i"n'" is

#"a!%

&h" +#bi!al s""d +( !h" "a#!h is ab+u! 60000 il"s "# h+u#% &h" a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" sun

"/a'!ly "<uals !h" #"ulsi+n '#"a!"d by !h" +!i+n +#" a''u#a!"ly !h" s""d '#"a!"d by!h" #"ulsi+n% &h" #"sul! +( !h" !*+ (+#'"s *+#in !+"!h"# a! "/a'! balan'" is a 'i#'l"%

An "llis" is a 'i#'l" b"n! a li!!l" and !h" "llis" in *hi'h !h" "a#!h a'!ually +."s

'+"s (#+ .a#yin a!!#a'!i+n and #"ulsi+n% ,"l"#>s s"'+nd la* '+."#s !ha!%

I( !h" +#bi!al s""d +( !h" "a#!h *"#" a il" l"ss "# h+u# +# "."n a (++! l"ss !h"n !h"

"a#!h *+uld *ind u a#+und !h" sun as a d+ "!s *+und u *i!h his 'hain a#+und a !#""%

I( !his s""d *"#" a il" +#" "# h+u# !h"n !h" "a#!h *+uld *ind +u! "a'h y"a# "!!in

(a#!h"# and (a#!h"# a*ay un!il (inally i! *+uld b" l+s!% h"n !h" s""d is "/a'!ly

#++#!i+nal !+ !h" ull!ha! is *h"n i! is as 1%6 is !+ !h" #"sul! is a 'i#'ula# +#bi!

!h" "''"n!#i'i!y +( *hi'h is 'aus"d by '"#!ain (lu'!ua!i+ns in !h" a!!#a'!i+n and #"ulsi+n%

Su+s" a lan"! *"#" !+ b" la'"d s+ !ha! i! *+uld ha." a !i" +( !*+ y"a#s% I!s

dis!an'" (#+ !h" sun *+uld b" 1%6 !ha! +( !h" "a#!h% hy B"'aus" !+ "! !h" !i"

d+ubl"d *" *+uld ha." !+ !a" !h" s<ua#" #++! +( 4 and !+ "! !h" dis!an'" !h" 'ub" #++!

+( !h" sa" nub"# 4% I( y+u *ish !+ b" ."#y "/a'! !h" 'ub" #++! is 1%588 bu! 1%6 is

n"a# "n+uh (+# all +#dina#y *+#%

I( y+u *an!"d !+ (ind +u! !h" dis!an'" +( a lan"! #".+l.in in si/ +n!hs y+u *+uld

di.id" !h" "a#!h>s dis!an'" by 1%6%

In #++#!i+n y+u "! any !i" +# dis!an'" y+u ay d"si#" *i!h abs+lu!" a''u#a'y% &h"dis!an'" +( any lan"! (#+ !h" sun i."s i!s !i" +# i!s !i" i."s i!s dis!an'"*h"n

!ha! +( any +( !h" +!h"#s is n+*n% &his la* ali"s !h#+uh+u! !h" uni."#s" in

"."#y!hin and "."#y*h"#"% I! is n+! a la* +( +#bi!al #".+lu!i+n al+n" bu! a la* +( all

+!i+n%

$u# ++n has a !i" +( days and a s""d +( ab+u! 50000 il"s "# day% I( !h" s""d

*"#" #"a!"# i! *+uld l"a." us i( l"ss i! *+uld *ind u (allin !+ !h" "a#!h in !h" (+# +(

a si#al%

A! *ha! dis!an'" *+uld i! ha." !+ b" !+ ha." a !i" +( (+u#!""n days 2i.id" 40000

il"s by 1%6% A s"."n-day ++n *+uld b" 1%6 !ha! dis!an'"% And !h" "/a'! dis!an'" (+# a+n"-day ++n (+# a ++n !ha! *+uld al*ays b" in !h" sa" la'" in !h" h"a."ns

+.in as !h" "a#!h #".+l."d +n i!s a/is *+uld b" ab+u! 48 il"s%

&his i."s us !h" lin" +( 4-h+u# a/ial #+!a!i+n !h" !#u" su#(a'" +( !h" "a#!h and !h"

sh""#-lin" +( #a#i!i' a!!"#% B"y+nd !ha! lin" is !h" "!h"# *i!hin !ha! lin" is #a#i!i%

I! is !h" lin" +( n+ *"ih! *h"#" #a.i!y and a"#y "/a'!ly balan'"% Insid" !ha! lin"

#a.i!y "/'""ds a"#y and "."#y!hin #".+l.in in l"ss !i" +# !ha! !i" us! (all !+



!h" '"n!#"% I! is !h" !#u" su#(a'" +( any 4-h+u# l+b" +( !his si@" and *"ih!% A ++n !+

#".+l." a#+und !h" "a#!h in l"ss !han +n" day us! +." (as!"# !han !h" "a#!h !+ d"."l+

"n+uh a"#y !+ +."#'+" !h" a!!#a'!i+n% &ha! h"n+"n+n *" s"" in !h" ++ns +(

)a#s *hi'h a#" *i!hin i!s a!+sh"#" *i!hin !h" lan"! i!s"l(%

" +( !h" Eas! l"a#n"d !his !#u" si@" +( !h" "a#!h +."# si/ !h+usand y"a#s a+ (#+

+bs"#.in !h" ++ns +( ui!"#% &h" !i"s +( !h" (i#s! !h#"" a#" d+ubl"d% " as"d+u#s"l."s *ha! !his "an! and (+und !ha! !h"i# dis!an'" *as in'#"as"d by !h" 'ub" #++!

+( 4 *h"n !h"i# !i"s *"#" in'#"as"d by !h" s<ua#" #++! +( 4 !ha! !i" *as !+ dis!an'" as

1%6 *as !+ % &h"n *" ali"d !h" "y and (+und i! unl+'"d any ys!"#i"s%

&h" (i#s! l"ss+n !his !auh! us *as !ha! *" did n+! li." +n !h" "a#!h bu! *i!hin !h" "a#!h

a! !h" lin" +( li<uid and as"+us 'han"s *h"#" !h" !h#"" (+#s +( a!!"# ""! and

inl" and in!"#'han" *i!h "a'h +!h"#% " li."d a! !h" b+!!+ +( a as"+us +'"an

1000 il"s ab+." us and 4000 il"s (#+ !h" '"n!#" +( !h" l+b"% I! a." us an

"n!i#"ly n"* '+n'"!i+n +( !h" "a#!h and +( +u# la'" in i!%

" sa* !ha! *" li."d in a na##+* b"l! +# sin +( !h" "a#!h n+! +#" !han 100 il"s!hi' "#has n+! +#" !han !"n il"s% i!hin !his b"l! !h" #a#i!i' "l""n!a#y

subs!an'"s .a#i"d !h"i# '+ndi!i+n '+bin"d and ad" (+#s by in'#"asin +#

d"'#"asin .ib#a!i+n% I! *as !h" '#"a!i." and d"s!#u'!i." @+n" !h" ".+lu!i+na#y

+!h"#!h" li<uid l"."l +( !h" #a#i!i!h" s"a! +( all hysi'al h"n+"na% Fi(!y

il"s ab+." !h" ass"s +( ni!#+"n and +/y"n and a#+n *"#" !++ '+ld !+ 'han" !h"i#

#a!" +( .ib#a!i+n% Fi(!y il"s b"l+* !h" su#(a'" +( !h" "a#!h all !hins *"#" !++ h+! (+#

'han"s in .ib#a!i+n% In !his in"!i' b"l! b"!*""n !*+ s!a!i' ass"s +u# b+di"s had b""n

ad" and als+ in all #+babili!y all '+bina!i+ns +( !h" "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s% I! *as

(+u# !h+usand il"s !+ !h" '"n!#" +( !h" s!a!i' #a#i!i' ass b"n"a!h us !*"n!y-+n"!h+usand il"s !+ !h" su#(a'" +( !h" s!a!i' #a#i!i' ass ab+." us and !h" sall in"!i'

b"l! b"!*""n *as +nly +n" hund#"d il"s !hi'% Bu! *" had +n" '+ns+la!i+n !h" #a#i!i

*" had *as all in"!i' and !h" b"s! in !h" *h+l" ass%

&h" s"'+nd l"ss+n i! !auh! us *as !ha! as !h" "a#!h had b""n ad" in !h" "!h"#i' l+b"

in a '+##"s+ndin sin +# lan" +( in"!i' "!h"#i' "n"#y *i!h +u# "!h"# !h" b"s! +( !h"

s+la# +u!u! !ha! *" +u#s"l."s *"#" sub;"'! !h#+uh +u# "!h"# !+ !h" h"n+"na +( !ha!

in"!i' s+la# lan" in #"'is"ly !h" sa" *ay *" n+* a#" !+ !h" h"n+"na +( !h"

in"!i' #a#i!i' lan"% $n'" #id +( !h" (alla'i+us n+!i+n !ha! *" *"#" '#"a!u#"s +( !h"

su#(a'" +( !h" "a#!h +n'" 'l"a#ly '+ns'i+us !ha! *" *"#" '#"a!u#"s +( !h" in!"#i+# +( !h" b+!!+ +( !his as"+us +'"an !h"n *" '+uld und"#s!and n+! +nly h+* !h" "a#!h '+uld b"

'#"a!"d in !his "!h"#i' l+b" bu! h+* *" '+uld b" '#"a!u#"s +( !h" s+la# l+b" li.in +n

i!%

h"n *" l"a#n"d !ha! l"ss+n and l"a#n"d i! *"ll i! da*n"d u+n us !ha! *" *"#" li.in

in !h" #ani' l+b" a! !h" sa" in"!i' l"."l +# lan" +( !ha! l+b" !h" lin" *h"#" i!s

s+lids and li<uids and as"s inl"d and ass"d (#+ +n" s!a!" !+ an+!h"# !h" in"!i'

b"l! in *hi'h +u# s+la# l+b" has b""n ad" and !ha! *" *"#" li.in as !#uly +n !ha!



l+b" as *" *"#" +n !his #a#i!i' l+b"% $u# +si!i+n +n "a'h l+b" *as !h" sa"%

And !h"n !h" #"a! !#u!h 'a" !ha! *" li."d in !h" anasi' l+b" a! !h" sa" in"!i'

l"."l and !ha! *" li."d +u# li."s +n !h" (+u# l+b"s siul!an"+usly% $u# b+di"s a#"

(+u#(+ld% E."#y a!+ is (+u#(+ld #"ady !+ #"s+nd in +u# inds !+ !h" .ib#a!i+ns +( !h"

)anasi' *+#ld in +u# .i!ali!y !+ !h" #ani' .ib#a!i+ns +( !h" #ani' *+#ld in +u# n"#."s

!+ !h" "!h"#i' .ib#a!i+ns +( !h" "!h"#i' *+#ld and in +u# #a#i!i !+ .ib#a!i+ns +( !h" #a#i!i' *+#ld% Ea'h +n" +( +u# b+di"s li."d +n i!s +*n "a#!h l+b" (+# !h"#" *"#" (+u#

l+b"s +( !his "a#!hin '+aduni!i+nin i!s '+##"s+ndin ind +( l+b"%

&h" (+u# "a#!h l+b"s b"'a" +n" l+b" as +u# (+u# b+di"s *"#" +n" b+dy and !h"

'hain +( (+u# inds +( l+b"s in a!!"# b"'a" +n" l+b" as !h" anasi' *i!h !h" +!h"#s

+n i!%

&h"s" (+u# inds +( l+b"s *"#" !h" b"innin and !h" "nd +( a!!"# as *" dis!inuish

and n+* a!!"#% &h"y *"#" n+! !h" "nd +( .ib#a!i+n +# +( lan"s +( .ib#a!i+n +# +(

#"als b"y+nd !his a!"#ial uni."#s" bu! !h"y *"#" !h" lii!s +( all !ha! is '++n !+

"a'h and "."#y a!+ +( !his l+*"# lan" +( .ib#a!i+n%

I! is u+n !his s+lid and "#("'! (+unda!i+n +( hysi's !ha! a''+un!s (+# and "/lains

"."#y ind +( h"n+"na *" ha." '+ns!#u'!"d +u# "!ahysi's% All !ha! b"l+ns !+

!h"s" (+u# l+*"# lan"s *" '+nsid"# and !#"a! as hysi's% All !ha! #"la!"s !+ !h" lan"s

b"y+nd *" '+nsid"# "!ahysi's% Can y+u !"a'h a 'hild "<ua!i+n +( ay"n!s b"(+#" h"

n+*s !h" (i#s! (+u# #ul"s =+u *+uld n+! a!!"! su'h a !as% &h" (i#s! (+u# #ul"s a#" !h"

hysi's +( a#i!h"!i' all b"y+nd is !h" "!ahysi's +( a#i!h"!i'% I! (l+*s +u! +( !h"%

Can y+u '+#"h"nd +u# sys!" +( "!ahysi's un!il y+u ha." 'l"a#ly and '+l"!"ly

as!"#"d +u# hysi's +uld y+u n+! "! in!+ a (+ a! !h" ."#y s!a#!

&h"#" 'an b" n+ sys!" +( "!ahysi's *i!h+u! a s+lid (+unda!i+n +( hysi's% &h" id"a

is un!hinabl"% &h" +n" #+*s +u! +( !h" +!h"#% I! is i!s li(" i!s (#ui! i!s (l+*"#%

=+u ha." n+ *"s!"#n sys!" +( hysi's% =+u# hysi's a#" *i!h+u! (+# and .+id

a!'h*+# '+ns!an!ly 'hanin% &h"#" is n+ subs!an!ial (+unda!i+n (+# any sys!" +(

"!ahysi's% ha! y+u say +# d+ in hysi's is (#a"n!a#y +# 'ha+!i'%

I! is "#("'!ly !#u" s+ (a# as y+u ha." +n" !h#+uh !h" (i#s! in.isibl" *+#ld +( "!h"#

y+u a#" u'h +#" as!"#s +( d"!ail !han *" a#"%

" ha." n+! 'a#"d a#!i'ula#ly (+# !h" in+# d"!ails by *hi'h "/l+si."s a#" ad" +#

"!als +b!ain"d (#+ +/id"s% " ha." #"("##"d !+ ush +n in!+ #"als b"y+nd as (as! as*" '+uld s""in (i#s! !h" ,ind+ +( ?"a."n and i!s Rih!"+usn"ss n+*in !ha!

*h"n i! *as (+und all !h"s" !hins *+uld b" add"d un!+ us%

Chapter !e"en. The For $lo%es

&ha! *" li." in !h" "a#!h n+! +n !h" "a#!h is +n" +( !h" +s! i+#!an! +( !h" (a'!s +(

"as!"#n hysi's in !h" s!udy +( i!s "!ahysi's% &h" a!h"a!i'al and hysi'al #++( !ha!



!h" hysi'al "a#!h is 50000 il"s in dia"!"# sh+uld n+! b" ass"d +."# lih!ly in +u#

has!" !+ "! +n (+# !h" "#("'! und"#s!andin +( all !his (a'! ili"s a"s "asy !h"

'+#"h"nsi+n +( h+* *" li." "!h"#i'ally in !h" s+la# "!h"#i' l+b" +( h+* *" li."

#ani'ally in !h" s!"lla# #ani' l+b" and h+* *" li." anasi'ally in !h" anasi' l+b"%

As *" li." *i!hin !h" na##+* sin +( h"n+"na n+! +#" !han 100 il"s !hi' +(

!his #a#i!i' l+b" *i!h !h" *h+l" "a#!h *i!hin !h" '+##"s+ndin sin +( h"n+"na +(!h" s+la# "!h"#i' l+b" *i!hin !h" in"!i' b"l! in *hi'h i! *as ad" !h" "!h"# *hi'h

su##+unds "a'h #a#i!i' +l"'ul" is n+! "#"ly any and "."#y ind +( "!h"# bu! !ha!

a#!i'ula# ind +( in"!i' "!h"# *hi'h by 'hanin i!s #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n !h#+uh an

+'!a." '#"a!"s h"n+"na% &h" "!h"# +( all #a#i!i' a!!"# b"l+ns !+ !h" in"!i' +#

'#"a!i." b"l! +( !h" s+la# "!h"#i' l+b"% I! is n+! s!a!i' "!h"#% &h" "!h"# in +u# #a#i!i is in

!+u'h *i!h all !h" #a#i!i' in"!i' "!h"# +( !h" s+la# l+b" sub;"'! !+ all s+la# la*s +(

'han" and all +u# #a-s+la# la*s +( 'han" and all +u# #a#i!i' a!!"# a "#" d"!ail

+( i! is a a#! +( !h" s+la# h"n+"na% $u# (a!h"# !h" sun +# 2yaus i!a# Gh"a."nly

(a!h"#a!in ui!"#H "an! +#" +n'" !han i! d+"s n+*% &h"n !h" s+la# l+b" *as !h"

(i#s! h"a."n and !+ li." und"# i!s la*s u!!ins +(( !h" '+a! +( sin *as an +b;"'! *hi'h

"n b"li"."d !+ b" *+#!h s!#i.in (+#% &h"y #"'+ni@"d as *" d+ n+! !ha! +u# #a#i!i'

la*s *"#" n+! all !h"y had !+ +b"y !ha! !h" hih"# la* +( !h" s+la# l+b" +n *hi'h !h"y

li."d +( *hi'h !h" l+*"# #a#i!i' la*s *"#" "#"ly an +u!'+" and d"!ail *as *+#!hy

+( !h" 'l+s"s! s!udy% And !h"y #"'+ni@"d !ha! !h"s" hih"# la*s +( !h" "!h"#i' l+b" *"#"

"!ahysi'al as *"ll as hysi'al !ha! +u# +#al la* (l+*s +u! +( !h" +#al la* +( !h"

s+la# "!h"#i' *+#ld as +u# hysi's (l+* (#+ and +u! +( s+la# hysi's% R"lii+n is '+##"'!

in i!s assu!i+n +( !his hih"# la* +( +#als in'+##"'! +nly in i!s #as and

"/lana!i+n% S'i"n'" is '+##"'! in h+ldin +nly in i!s assu!i+n !ha! i! is hysi'al

s'i"n'" in'+##"'! +nly in i!s assu!i+n !ha! i! is hysi'al s'i"n'" +( !his lan" andl+b" +nly% &h"#" is n+ <ua##"l b"!*""n s'i"n'" and #"lii+n *h"n !h" (ull n+*l"d" +(

+n" s!ands b"sid" !h" (ull n+*l"d" +( !h" +!h"#% &h"y a#" !*in-sis!"#s%

&his s+la#-"!h"#i' l+b" in *hi'h *" a#" in!"#"s!"d #".+l."s a#+und Al'y+n" *i!hin !ha!

in"!i' b"l! +# sin +( #ana *hi'h is sub;"'! !+ h"n+"na +# .ib#a!i+n !h#+uh +n"

+'!a.""ls" i! *+uld n"."# ha." b""n (+#"d% All #ana in !h" s+la#-"!h"#i' l+b" is +(

!his a#!i'ula# ind +( in"!i' #ana *hi'h '#"a!"s li(" +( all inds*hi'h is sub;"'! !+

.ib#a!i+n !h#+uh +n" +'!a."% &h" s+la# l+b" is a d"!ail +( in"!i' #ana +nly +n" +( i!s

h"n+"na% N"'"ssa#ily all +u# #ana is +( !his in"!i' ind and +u# "a#!h a in+# d"!ail

+( i! in !h" Al'y+n" l+b"% All !h" 'han"s and '+bina!i+ns +ssibl" in in"!i' #ana +n!h" #ani' l+b" a#" +ssibl" h"#" in +u# in"!i' #ana as all !h" h"n+"na +( !h"

"!h"#i' *+#ld a#" +ssibl" h"#" in +u# in"!i' "!h"#%

As +u# "a#!h is a l+b" +( "!h"# and a l+b" +( #ana as *"ll as a l+b" +( #a#i!i *" a#"

a'!ually li.in +n a sall 'abba" +( !ha! #ani' l+b" and sub;"'! !+ all i!s la*s%

In !h" .as! anasi' l+b" !ha! in'lud"s !his *h+l" a!"#ial uni."#s" !h"#" is !h" sa"

in"!i' b"l! +# sin +( h"n+"na +# .ib#a!i+n siila# !+ !ha! in"!i' b"l! in *hi'h *"



li." +n !h" "a#!h and !h" anasa *hi'h "#"a!"s !h" Al'y+ni' l+b" !h" s+la# l+b"

and !h" "a#!h is !ha! in"!i' anasa *hi'h is in.+l.in and ".+l.in% &his in.+l.in and

".+l.in in"!i' anasa +( !h" Al'y+ni' l+b" is !ha! *hi'h su##+unds "."#y a!+ +(

"!h"# +( !h" s+la# l+b" and "."#y a!+ +( #a#i!i +( !his "a#!h l+b"% In !h" #"a!

anasi' l+b" !his "a#!h +( +u#s is a inu!" .illa" +( ?"li+s GsunH '+un!y in !h" s!a!" +(

Al'y+n"% " a#" a'!ually and li!"#ally li.in in !his anasi' l+b" #"'is"ly as *" li." in!his "a#!h and as in !h" .illa" *" a#" sub;"'! !+ all !h" la*s +( !h" anasi' *+#ld *"

'an s!udy !h" h"#" in !his .illa" as *"ll as *" '+uld "ls"*h"#"% " 'an s!udy !h" as

"asily as *" s!udy +u# #a#i!i' .illa" la*s +# +u# "!h"#i' '+un!y la*s (+# all !h" (+#s

+( anasa sub;"'! !+ !h" any*h"#" a#" h"#" *i!h us% " a#" n+! lii!"d !+ a s!udy +(

!h" #a#i!i' la*s +( !h" .illa" (a!h"#s n+# y"! !+ !h" "!h"#i' la*s +( !h" su"#.is+#s +(

?"li+s '+un!y as s'i"n!is!s say n+# "."n !+ !h" s!a!" la*s +( Al'y+n" +nly !h" anasi'

la*s +( !h" ni."#s" lii! +u# a!"#ial s!udi"s in !ha! di#"'!i+n% As s+" "n +n !his

"a#!h n"."# l"a." !h"i# na!i." .illa" and n"."# n+* +# 'a#" (+# any a!!"#s +u!sid" +(

i! s+ in !his li!!l" "a#!h .illa" in !h" in"!i' b"l! +( !h" anasi' l+b" !h"#" a#" "n

*h+ d+ n+! 'a#" !+ n+* any!hin *hi'h #"la!" !+ a!!"#s +u!sid" i!s b+unda#i"s% Ass+" "n ay ass !h" b+unda#i"s +( !h"i# .illa" bu! n+! +( !h"i# '+un!y 'a#in +nly

(+# !h" a!!"#s '+n'"#nin i! s+ !h" *"s!"#n s'i"n!is!s +( !his "a#!h .illa" +n !h"

anasi' l+b" d+ n+! ass !h" b+unda#i"s +( ?"li+s '+un!y 'a#in +nly (+# "!h"#i'

a!!"#s% &h" hil+s+h"#s and *is" "n +( !h" Eas! a#" b#+ad"# ind"d and (#+ !i"

i"+#ial ha." !a"n #"a!"# in!"#"s! in !h" #ani' a((ai#s +( Al'y+n" and !h" anasi'

'+ndi!i+n +( !h" uni."#s" in *hi'h Al'y+n" is a s!a!" !han in !h" #us!i' u#u# +( !h"i#

.illa" +# !h" +ssi +( !h"i# '+un!y%

&h"#" is n+!hin la'in in +u# anasi' "a#!h-.illa" n+!hin !ha! is in +#" abundan!

"asu#" in +u# '+un!y s!a!" and na!i+n% " a#" +( !h" b"s!%

" +( !his .illa" ay iain" i( *" li" !ha! !h"#" is n+!hin b"y+nd !h" .illa"

lii!s and n+!hin in i! bu! !ha! *hi'h #"la!"s !+ !h" .illa"% " ha." !h" #ih! !+ b" silly

i( *" *ish !+ b"% And i! is n+ sin +( *isd+ !+ say !ha! !h"#" is a '+un!y b"y+nd bu!

!ha! !h" '+un!y b+unda#i"s "nd all and +nly .illa" and '+un!y +li!i's ay b" s!udi"d%

&h" Eu#+"an *h+ b"li"."dn+ Asia!i' +# A(#i'an +# A"#i'an '+uld ha." b"li"."d

!ha! !h" "a#!h #"s!"d +n an "l"han! and !h" "l"han! +n a !u#!l" *as *is" in '+a#is+n%

N+# is i! any sin +( in!"lli"n'" !+ say !ha! *" ay l"a#n s+"!hin +( !h" .illa" and

'+un!y *hil" *" li." bu! !ha! !+ l"a#n any!hin ab+u! !h" s!a!" and na!i+n *" us! *ai!

un!il *" a#" d"ad% &h"#" a#" !++ any in !h" .illa" *h+ a#" (ailia# *i!h b+!h s!a!" andna!i+n and *h+ ha." s!udi"d !h"i# la*s (+# !his !+ b" any!hin bu! idi+!i'%

Chapter Ei&ht. The Battle $rond

Ea'h and "."#y +n" +( +u# "ih!y-+dd "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s +*" !h"i# '+ndi!i+n

*h"!h"# s+lid li<uid +# as!+ !h"i# #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n% " ha." #"du'"d all as"s !+ a

li<uid and n"a#ly all !+ a s+lid (+#% C+n."#s"ly *" ha." #ais"d all s+lids !+ a li<uid and



n"a#ly all !+ a as"+us '+ndi!i+n% &his has b""n d+n" by #"du'in +# #aisin !h" .ib#a!i+n

+( "a'h *i!hin +n" +'!a." "a'h +n" +( !h" "ih!y +dd ha.in a s"'ial +'!a." a !+n"

+# hal(-!+n" di(("#"n! (#+ any +!h"#% N+#ally !h" s+lids .ib#a!in in !h" l+*"# n+!"s

a!h"# !+"!h"# und"# A!!#a'!i+n *hil" !h" as"s .ib#a!in in !h" hih"# n+!"s di((us"

und"# R"ulsi+n% B"!*""n !h" '#"a!"d by !h" in!"#'han" +( !h"s" !*+ (+#'"s is +u#

sin +( h"n+"na +# in"!i's%B#+adly !h" a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" uni."#s" '+"s (#+ i!s .ib#a!i+n a! '"#!ain '"n!#"s in !h"

!h#"" hih"# n+!"s !h" #"ulsi+n '+"s (#+ i!s .ib#a!i+n "."#y*h"#" "ls" in !h" !h#""

hih"# n+!"s% &h" '"n!#al n+!" 2 +( !h" s'al" #"#"s"n!s !h" ba!!l" #+und b"!*""n !h"

(i"ld +( in"!i's% &his in sil" illus!#a!i+n is *a!"# !u#nin in!+ as%

&his is !h" #"a! ba!!l" #+und !h" +nly +n" *+#!h '+nsid"#in in a "n"#al .i"*% &h"#"

a#" in+# '#i!i'al s!a"s *hi'h !h" 'h"is! s!udi"s bu! (+# us in !his b#+ad s"!'h +(

!h" uni."#s" !h" i+#!an! ba!!l"-#+und is !ha! b"!*""n s+lid and li<uid +n +n" sid"

#"#"s"n!in #a.i!y and as +n !h" +!h"# #"#"s"n!in a"#y%

All !h" s+lids and li<uids +( !his "a#!h +( +u#s a!h"# a! !h" '"n!#" in a '+#" "a'h +( !h""l""n!s G+# !h"i# '+bina!i+nsH in !his '+#" .ib#a!in in !h"i# !h#"" l+*"# n+!"s

#+du'in !h" a!!#a'!i+n *hi'h is in #++#!i+n !+ !h" ass and *hi'h d"'#"as"s (#+

!h" su#(a'" +( !h" '+#" as !h" s<ua#" +( !h" subs!an'"%

A#+und !his '"n!#al '+#" a!h"# all !h" "l""n!s .ib#a!in in !h" !h#"" hih"# n+!"s +(

!h"i# +'!a." as as"s #+du'in #"ulsi+n *hi'h in'#"as"s by 1%6 (+# "a'h d+ubl"d !i"%

I! is *+#!h *hil" ain !his 'l"a#% I! has n"."# b"(+#" a"a#"d in #in!%

"! !h" a+un! +( a"#y +# #"ulsi+n +# '"n!#i(ual (+#'" a! !h" su#(a'" +( !h" "a#!h b"

#"#"s"n!"d by /% &his is !h" #"sul! +( +!i+n a! !h" #a!" +( 1000 il"s "# h+u#% )a"

!his +!i+n 000 il"s "# h+u# and !h" a"#y is in'#"as"d 1%6% F+u# !h+usand il"s

ab+." !h" su#(a'" +( !his "a#!h !h" #+!a!i+n is a! !h" #a!" +( 000% I! is !h" l+b" +( 48000

il"s in 'i#'u("#"n'" #".+l.in in 4 h+u#s and !h" s""d is d+ubl"d% &his a"#y has

in'#"as"d by 1%6% As !h" a"#y in'#"as"s a! !his #a!" "."#y !i" !h" s""d is d+ubl"d a!

a dis!an'" +( 1000 il"s !h" s""d is 7000 il"s "# h+u# and !h" '"n!#i(ual (+#'" has

b""n in'#"as"d n"a#ly (+u# !i"s *ha! i! *as a! !h" su#(a'" +( !h" +'"an% &h" a!!#a'!i+n

has b""n d"'#"as"d !+ ab+u! +n"-!hi#!i"!h% A! !h" su#(a'" i! is "<ual !+ 10 /% A! 4000

il"s !+ +n"-<ua#!"# +# 30 / a! 16000 il"s !+ +n"-si/!""n!h +# 7 / and a! 1000

il"s !+ 4 /%

I( "<ua!+#ial #a.i!y is ab+u! 10 !i"s !ha! +( !h" "<ua!+#ial a"#y a! !h" +'"an l"."l

!h"n a! !h" dis!an'" +( 1000 il"s (#+ i! in a #".+l.in l+b" !h" !*+ (+#'"s *+uld

b" "<ual !h" ull +( "a'h b"in 4 / and an an'h+# *ill *"ih n+ +#" !han a ("a!h"#

(+# *"ih! is !h" "/'"ss +( #a.i!y +# a"#y%

I( !h" y#aids had b""n buil! +( !h" h"a.i"s! n+*n a!"#ial +n !h" as"s 1000 il"s

ab+." us and s+ !ha! !h"y sh+uld #".+l." in !h" sa" !i" 7000 il"s "# h+u# !h"y

*+uld #"ain !h"#"% All !h" a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" s+lid '+#" +( !h" "a#!h !ha! '+uld b" "/"#!"d



+n !h" a! !ha! dis!an'" *+uld n+! b" "n+uh !+ ull !h" an in'h n"a#"# !+ i! !h#+uh

+u# as"+us "n."l+"% &h"i# as"+us (+unda!i+n !h"#" *+uld b" as (i# as in"+us #+'

h"#"%

&h" (+#'" +( #"ulsi+n '#"a!"d by !h" !h#"" hih"# n+!"s +( an +'!a." "ans ;us! as u'h

a! !h" a!!#a'!i+n '#"a!"d by !h" !h#"" l+*"# n+!"s *h"!h"# i! is in a 'h"i'al #"!+#!

*i!hin !his "a#!h +# *i!hin !his uni."#s"% &h" !*+ (+#'"s balan'" and a#" "/a'!ly "<ual%&h"y (ih! +nly *i!hin in"!i' @+n"s%

i."n !h" .as! anasi' l+b" +( di(("#"n!ia!"d a!!"# i!s a!+s uni!in in di(("#"n!

nub"#s !+ (+# +l"'ul"s as !h" bas"s +( "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s anasi' subs!an'"s

+( '+u#s"% &h" !h#ill +( .ib#a!i+n is s*""in !h#+uh i! (#+ !h" si#i!ual lan" ab+."

and !h" "l""n!s Gand !h"i# '+bina!i+nsH *hi'h ans*"# in !h" l+*"# n+!"s a!h"# and

(+# a '+#" !h" In.isibl" C"n!#al Sun *i!h i!s a!!#a'!i+n% &h" "l""n!s ans*"#in in !h"

hih"# n+!"s a!h"# a#+und i! *i!h !h"i# #"ulsi+n% S+ !h" !*+ ++sin (+#'"s *"#" b+#n

*i!h a .as! in"!i' sin (+# a ba!!l"-#+und b"!*""n !h"%

&h" a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" in.isibl" '"n!#al sun ani("s!s i!s"l( !+ us in #a#i!i as ih!% &h"#"ulsi+n +( i!s '+."#in +# !h" hih"# s!a!i' .ib#a!i+n +( anasa ani("s!s i!s"l( !+ us

as 2a#n"ss% &h" (i#s! '#"a!i." a'! in +# +n a!!"# *as !h" '#"a!i+n +( ih! and i!s

s"a#a!i+n (#+ !h" 2a#n"ss% &h" n"/! '#"a!i." a'! *as !h" "s!ablish"n! +( a in"!i'

sin +# @+n" b"!*""n !h" a (i#a"n! in *hi'h !h" !*+ (+#'"s +( ih! and 2a#n"ss

'+uld s!#i." (+# as!"#y% And +d 'all"d !h" (i#a"n! ?"a."n% &h" !hi#d '#"a!i." a'!

*as !h" a!h"#in +( !h" s+lids and li<uids !+"!h"# and !h" b"innin +( !h" in"!i'

*+# in !h" '#"a!i+n +( (+#s and sha"s by !h" '#+ss lay +( !h" !*+ (+#'"s in !h"i#

'+bina!i+ns +( s+lid *i!h as"s%

All !his had !+ ha"n b"(+#" !h" anasa '+bin"d and d#+"d in .ib#a!i+n !+ #ana and b"(+#" !h" #ani' l+b"s *"#" (+#"d and !h" ih! '+uld b" ani("s!"d !+ us

!h#+uh !h"% I! ay b" *"ll !+ #"ad !h" (i#s! 'ha!"# +( "n"sis +."# and as

(+#i."n"ss (+# +u# in+#an'" (#+ !h" *#i!"# *h+ #"'+#ds !his '#"a!i+n +( !h" #ani'

l+b"s as !h" (+u#!h a'! +( '#"a!i+n and !h" '#"a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#i' sun and #a#i!i'

++n !+ (+ll+* !ha!% &ha! #"'+#d is u!ila!"d (#a"n!a#y bu! !h" *#i!"# +( i! n"* !h"

(a'!s% I( *" had !h" (ull s!+#y ins!"ad +( a s"n!"n'" h"#" and !h"#" !a"n (#+ an +ld"#

s!+#y n+! !+ !"ll +( '#"a!i+n bu! !+ hid" an+!h"# !al" (+# !h" #i"s! !h" *#i!"# +( "n"sis

*+uld lauh las!%

Bu! l"! us #"!u#n !+ !h" in"!i' sin +( "n"#y b"!*""n ih! and !h" 2a#n"ss!h"(i#a"n! *hi'h +d 'alls ?"a."n!h" ba!!l" #+und (+# #a.i!y and a"#y +#

a!!#a'!i+n and #"ulsi+n +# ++d and ".il +# !h" +*"#s +( lih! and da#n"ss% &his sin

is li" !ha! +( an +ni+n !hi'"s! a! !h" "<ua!+# and !hinn"s! a! !h" +l"sn+! +nly +n !his

"a#!h bu! in !h" s+la# al'y+ni' and anasi' l+b"s% &h" "<ua!+#ial b"l! *h"#"

h"n+"na a#" #i'h"s! in !h" anasi' l+b"s *" 'all !h" )ily ay in !h" s+la# l+b"

*" 'all i! !h" lan" +( !h" "'li!i' and +n !h" "a#!h !h" !#+i's% )+d"#n s'i"n'" has n+!

y"! (+und i! in Al'y+ni' l+b"b"'aus" i! has n"."# !h+uh! +( l++in (+# i!%



&his di.isi+n +( !h" ih! (#+ !h" 2a#n"ss *as all !ha! *as #"<ui#"d (+# ".+lu!i+n +n

!h" anasi' l+b" *i!hin !h" in"!i' b"l!% &his ".+lu!i+n *as n+! '+n(in"d !+ !h" ain

+( a ("* al'y+ni' +# #ani' l+b"s% I! *as Gand isH a #"a! and *+nd"#(ul ".+lu!i+n

b"y+nd *+#ds and al+s! b"y+nd iaina!i+n% I! is !h" ?"a."n *hi'h anind has

l+n"d !+ s"" and n+*% &h" *#i!"# +( "n"sis i/"d i! *i!h !h" '#"a!i+n +( !his "a#!h

usin "a#!hly "!ah+#s% B"(+#" (indin (aul! *" sh+uld b"!!"# his lanua"% " ha."n+! !h" *+#ds in hysi's !+ d+ i! and us! *ai! (+# +u# "!ahysi's% Bu! +( +n" !hin *"

ay b" su#" !ha! !h" #ani'- al'y+ni' l+b"s h"#" and !h"#" a! !h" s"a l"."l +( !h"

anasi' l+b"in *ha! +d 'alls ?"a."na+un! !+ n+ +#" +n !ha! l+b" +# in

?"a."n !han s+ any balls +( !his!l"-d+*n bl+*n a'#+ss a "ad+* d+ +n !his "a#!h +(

+u#s% E."#y!hin !ha! 'an b" '#"a!"d in !h+uh! us! b" !h"#"% I! is in !h+uh! +nly bu! in

!h+uh! i! is di(("#"n!ia!"d as sha#ly as any!hin in #a#i!i% &h" anasi' *+#ld !h"

?"a."n +( !h" Bibl" is as #"al as +u# +*n *+#ld 'an +ssibly b" in (a'! +#" #"al (+#

*h"n +u#s is #"s+l."d ba' in!+ i!s (inal "l""n!s i! *ill b" bu! !h" dus! +( !h" #+und

+( !h" anasi' *+#ld%

&h" #ani' l+b"s '#"a!"d in !his anasi' sin by S+und +# !h" ++s +# .ib#a!i+n

".+l."d in id"n!i'ally !h" sa" *ay*i!h a '"n!#al s!a!i' '+#" and an +u!"# s!a!i'

"n."l+" +( l+* and hih .ib#a!i+n in #ana '#"a!in a!!#a'!i+n and #"ulsi+n +# #a.i!y

and a"#y% &h" in"!i' sin b"!*""n in *hi'h !h"s" (+#'"s lay in !h" #ani' *+#ld

a"s a #"al n+! an iaina#y #ani' *+#ld !h+uh bu! a (ain! #"(l"'!i+n +( !h" anasi'%

h"n +u# (a!h"# !h" C"n!#al In.isibl" Sun !#ans("#s his a!!#a'!i+n !+ !h"s" al'y+ni'

suns !h" ih! has s+"!hin in *hi'h !+ ani("s! i!s"l( and *" s"" !his ani("s!in

'+#" and 'all i! Al'y+n" and i!s ani("s!a!i+n ih! bu! lih! in i!s las! a!"#ial analysis

is bu! !h" s!a!i' ind +# !h+uh! .ib#a!in in !h" !h#"" l+*"# n+!"s +( !h" +'!a."%

Chapter 'ine. The (al Man

i!hin !h" al'y+ni' l+b"s +( di(("#"n!ia!"d #ani'-anasi' a!+s !h" .ib#a!i+n di.id"d

!h" als+ in!+ s+lid-li<uid '+#"s and as"+us "n."l+"s and a in"!i' sin +(

h"n+"na% And !h"n a n"* *+#lda *+#ld +( i(" 'a" in!+ a!"#ial "/is!"n'"% All

!h" a!+s +( !h+uh! +# anasa su##+undin "a'h and "."#y #ani' a!+ and ain i!s

+l"'ul" +( "n"#y s+ !+ s"a *"#" !ha! a#!i'ula# ind +( in"!i' anasa #"ady !+

'han" i!s #a!" +( .ib#a!i+n *i!hin an +'!a." and !h" (+#s #ana assu"s (#+ !h"

a'!i+n +( !h+uh! *i!hin !h" in"!i' b"l! *"#" li.in and !hinin% Ea'h #ani' l+b"

*hi'h *as a sall s!a!" +( #+du'! +( !h" anasi' '+nsis!"d +( !*+ l+b"s in'+aduni!i+n!*+ in +n"% Ea'h #ani' a!+ *as !h" '"n!#" +( a anasi' +l"'ul" and

#"#"s"n!"d !h" uni."#s"% All !hins *"#" !*+ in +n" '#"a!"d by ha#+ni' .ib#a!i+n

b"!*""n !h" and "/is!"n'" by !h" #"a!"# s!#"n!h +( !h" l+*"# n+!"s +# a!!#a'!i+n% I!

*as a! +n'" l"ss and +#" *+nd"#(ul !han !h" anasi' *+#lda s"'iali@"d (+# +( i!%

h"n *i!hin !his in"!i' b"l! +( !h" #ana !h" "!h"#i' s+la# l+b"s (+#"d h"#" and !h"#"

!h"y *"#" !h#"" (+ld "a'h a!+ +( !h" n"* lan" +( a!!"# ha.in i!s su##+undin



"n."l+" +( #ana- anasaa s"'iali@a!i+n +( !h" #ani' *+#ld in *hi'h G*ha! *" 'allH

(+#'" had b""n add"d !+ li(" and ind% &h" s!a!i' "!h"# .ib#a!in in "a'h +( i!s "l""n!s

!h#+uh +n" +'!a." di.id"d in!+ '"n!#al '+#" G+u# sun and +!h"# sunsH and +u!"#

'+."#in *i!h a sin +# b"l! +( in"!i' "n"#y as ab+." *hi'h d"."l+"d an "!h"#i'

*+#ld% All !hins +n !his "!h"#i' *+#ld *"#" 'aus"d by !h" ha#+ni' .ib#a!i+n b"!*""n

!h" "!h"#i' a!+s and !h"i# su##+undin "n."l+"s "/'"! !ha! *hil" all !hins in !his"!h"#i' *+#ld us! ha." li(" n+! all n""d ha." ind% &h" 'h+#d +( !h#"" *as n+!

n"'"ssa#y !+ '#"a!" !h" 'h+#d +( !*+ *as "n+uh and !h" anasi' a!+s ih! '"as" !+

.ib#a!" in 'h+#d *i!h !h" #ana and "!h"# *i!h+u! a(("'!in !h" '#"a!i+n% $nly in !h"

"!h"#i' *+#ld Gand b"l+* i!H '+uld !h"#" b" li.in indl"ss +n"s% &+ !h" "!h"#i' l+b"s

!h" s!"lla# #ani' '+#"s !#ans("##"d !h"i# lih! *hi'h ani("s!"d i!s"l( in !h" s+lid s!a!i'

"!h"# as A!!#a'!i+n and in !h" as"+us s!a!i' "!h"# as R"ulsi+n *i!hin !h" in"!i' sin +(

"a'h "!h"#i' *+#ld +#" s"'iali@"d and l"ss .a#i"d !han !h" #ani'%

$u# sun is n+! +( #a#i!i bu! +( s!a!i' "!h"# '++s"d +( !h" s"a#a!" and indi.idual

"l""n!a#y subs!an'"s +( !h" "!h"# and !h"i# '++unds .ib#a!in in !h" l+*"# n+!"s +(

!h"i# +'!a."s% I! is +u# (a!h"# n+! +u# "ld"# b#+!h"#% I!s "n."l+" +( s!a!i' "!h"# in *hi'h

!h" lan"! #".+l."s is '++s"d +( !h" "l""n!a#y subs!an'"s and '+bina!i+ns

.ib#a!in in !h" hih"# n+!"s +( !h"i# +'!a."% &h" lih! !#ans("##"d !+ !his "!h"#i' l+b"

(#+ i!s +!h"# Al'y+n" ani("s!s i!s"l( in !h" l+*"# .ib#a!i+n +( !h" sun as A!!#a'!i+n

in !h" hih"# .ib#a!i+ns +( i!s "n."l+" as R"ulsi+n and *i!hin !h" in"!i' sin *h"#"in

!h"s" (+#'"s lay !h" #a#i!i' l+b"s lan"!s *"#" b+#n%

&a" +u# "a#!h% Ea'h a!+ is (+u#(+ld*h"!h"# +( !h" s!a!i' '+#" +# +( !h" s!a!i' as"+us

"n."l+"% C#"a!i+n +n i! is lii!"d !+ !h" in"!i' sin *h"#"in !h" a!!#a'!i+n +( !h" l+*"#

and #"ulsi+n +( !h" hih"# n+!"s in "a'h +'!a." +( .ib#a!i+n ha." (ull lay% All !hins +n

i! us! ha." '+" (#+ !h" 'h+#din .ib#a!i+ns +( !h" a!+s +( !h" #a#i!i' "l""n!a#y

subs!an'"s and !h"i# "n."l+" +( "!h"#% &h"y ay +# ay n+! ha." li(" +# ind !h" "!h"#

a!+ ay ha." l+s! i!s 'h+#d *i!h i!s #ani' "n."l+" +# !h" #ani' "n."l+" ay ha."

l+s! i!s 'h+#d *i!h !h" anasi' bu! !h" '+bina!i+n us! ha." (+#'" +# "n"#y *i!hin i!%

I! ay ha." l+s! )ind and i(" in a'<ui#in i! +# a(!"# a'<ui#in i! bu! i! had !+ ha." li("

b"(+#" i! '+uld b"'+" #a#i!i%

All !hins in !h" #a#i!i' *+#ld (l+* (#+ !h" i(" +( !h" "!h"#i' and !h" )ind +( !h"

#ani' *+#lds% E."#y!hin in !h" "!h"#i' *+#ld has li(" and +u# un'+ns'i+us

"#s+ni(i'a!i+n +# .i.i(i'a!i+n +( "!h"#i' li(" !#ans("##"d in!+ (auna +# (l+#a +# in!+

(+#'" +( any ind has a na!u#al "/lana!i+n% &h" !h#ill +( .ib#a!i+n in +n" +'!a." !h#+uh!h" di(("#"n!ia!"d '+ns'i+usn"ss +( !h" uni."#s" by *hi'h !h" lih! *as s"a#a!"d (#+

!h" da#n"ss !h" l+*"# (#+ !h" hih"# *as all !ha! *as #"<ui#"d !+ '#"a!" "a'h s!a# and

sun and *+#ld and all !ha! in !h" is% And i! *as all ++d%

Ea'h !hin +n "."#y l+*"# *+#ld *as bu! !h" !#ansla!i+n in!+ (+# +( !h" !y" +( !h" n"/!

*+#ld G+# lan"H ab+."% As "a'h "l""n! +n !his #a#i!i' !y" s+ "a'h '+bina!i+n +(

!h+s" "l""n!s in!+ '#ys!al +# !#"" +# anial is bu! !h" !#ansla!i+n% &h" n+#al "a#!h (#+



!h" '#ys!al !+ G!h" anialH an *as u#" and 'l"an and h+ly% Sin had n+! "n!"#"d%

?+* did i! '+"

$n !h" .as! anasi' *+#ld !h"#" *as a s"'ial '#"a!i+n!ha! +( !h" An"l )an% &h"

!h#"" lan"s +( Si#i! ab+." *"#" undi(("#"n!ia!"d '+ns'i+usn"ss bu! !h"y *"#" in

di(("#"n! +'!a."s +( .ib#a!i+n and !h"s" *+#in +n !h" !h#"" hih"s! (+#s +(

di(("#"n!ia!"d '+ns'i+usn"ss Ganasi' a!!"#H b#+uh! !h" !+ 'h+#din Jib#a!i+n s+!ha! *h"n !h"y '+bin"d and #"a'h"d !h"i# hih"s! +in! in ".+lu!i+n !h"y '#"a!"d !h"

An"l G+# anasi'H an% ?" *as !h" #+du'! in in"!i' anasa +( !h" !h#"" si#i!ual

lan"s ab+." hi #"'is"ly as !h" anial an *as !h" #+du'! in in"!i' #a#i!i +( !h"

!h#"" a!"#ial lan"s ab+." hi% &h" la!!"# *as !h" shad+* +( !h" +!h"#%

&h" An"l-an had a a!"#ial Ganasi'H b+dy bu! his "n"#y li(" and ind *"#"

si#i!ual% &h" anial an had a #a#i!i' b+dy *i!h "n"#y li(" and ind !ha! *"#"

a!"#ial%

S+ (a# all *as ++d%&h" anial an has (+u# b+di"s+n" +( #a#i!i +n" +( "!h"# +n" +( #ana and +n" +(

anasa% I! ay b" !#u" and #+bably is !ha! his anasi' b+dy is n+! s+undin in 'h+#d

*i!h his #a#i!i' b+dy bu! +nly *i!h !h+s" a!+s +( i! *hi'h a#" in his b#ain and n"#."s

bu! !ha! is ia!"#ial(+# (u!u#" '+nsid"#a!i+n%

&h" An"l an had bu! +n" b+dy +( anasa in *hi'h !h" si#i! d*"l! bu! !ha! b+dy

*as id"n!i'al in subs!an'" *i!h !h" b+dy !ha! ad" !h" ind +( !h" anial an% ?is

anasi' b+dy ;+in"d !h" anasi' b+dy +( !h" anial an ;+in"d *i!h i! by "n!"#in in!+

!h" anial an>s ind as "asily as *a!"# (#+ +n" lass is add"d !+ *a!"# in an+!h"#

lass and !h" anial an b"'a" a li.in s+ul "nd+*"d *i!h s""'h *hil" !h"An"l-an *as i."n a sin '+a!%

&h" #a#i!i' b+dy +( !h" anial an *as !h" #"sul! in #a#i!i +( an "!h"#i'-#ani'-

anasi' +# as!#al b+dy (+#"d in a''+#dan'" *i!h !h" ni."#sal a*% F+# *ha! h"

*as by na!u#" h" '+uld n+! b" bla"d% ?" s!++d na"d and n+! asha"d b"(+#" !h"

Radian'"% ?" did n+! a" his as!#al b+dy h" *as !h" "#" !#ansla!i+n +( i! in!+ #a#i!i

as all +!h"# '#"a!"d !hins *"#" and !ha! in.isibl" as!#al s"l( G(iu#a!i."lyH s!++d a! his

#ih! hand +uldin and shain hi%

Bu! *h"n !h" An"l-an "n!"#"d his ind all !his *as 'han"d% ?" n"* ++d (#+

E.il% &+ his ind +( anasa had b""n add"d !h" Si#i!!h" A!a-Buddhi>sC+ns'i+usn"ss +( !h" !h#"" Si#i!ual lan"s% ?" has b"'+" as +n" +( us said !h"

An"l- "n +( !h" (i#a"n! +( ?"a."n% ?" n+* h"ld !h" s"."n lan"s and *as a

'#"a!+#% Ea'h !h+uh! and d"si#" !ha! *h"n an anial +nly ("ll ha#l"ss n+* '#"a!"d

+n !h" #ani' and "!h"#i' *+#ld% S++n b"sid" hi a! his l"(! hand G(iu#a!i."lyH !h"#"

#"* u a s"'+nd "!h"#i' +# as!#al b+dy !ha! +( his d"si#"s and his #a#i!i' b+dy *as n+

l+n"# !h" #+du'! +( !h" as!#al b+dy +n his #ih! hand% I! *as !h" ;+in! #+du'! +( !h"

l"(!-hand ,ai' as!#al b+dy h" had '#"a!"d and !h" #ih! hand n+#al as!#al b+dy% ?"



*as n+ l+n"# in ha#+ny *i!h !h" Radian'"% ?" '+uld n+ l+n"# (a'" i!% ?" had '#"a!"d

dis'+#dSin%

&h" #"!!y l""nd +( !h" !*+ An"ls +n" +n !h" #ih! hand and +n" +n !h" l"(! has i!s

hysi'al basis in !his !#u!h bu! +( '+u#s" as a a!!"# +( a'!ual (a'! !h" n+#al and

abn+#al as!#al b+di"s a#" in "'hani'al uni+n% I! is !h" ,ai' s"l(-ad" as!#al b+dy

!ha! #"ains (#+ +n" in'a#na!i+n !+ an+!h"# #+du'in in ;+in! a'!i+n *i!h a n"*n+#al as!#al b+dy a n"* hysi'al b+dy (+# !h" Inn"#-S"l( +# An"l !ain !h"

il#ia" !h#+uh !h" l+*"# *+#ld%

All !h" An"l-"n did n+! "n!"# !h" anial "n +n !h" #ani' "!h"#i'-#a#i!i' l+b"s

+nly a ("*% I! *as a il#ia" !h#+uh a!!"# in *hi'h !h+s" *h+ a" i! a#" ""!in

any ad."n!u#"s bu! !h" l""nds a#" any and ha." n+ la'" in !h" hysi's al!h+uh

!h" l""nds a#" all (+und"d +n !h" (a'!s +( !h" hysi's%

$( !h" nub"# +( +nads *illin !+ und"#!a" !h" il#ia" +nly a ("* +( !h+s"

*i!hin !h" in"!i' b"l! +( !h" anasi' l+b" ha." #"a'h"d !h" #ani'% $nly a ("* +( !h+s"

*i!hin !h" #ani' in"!i' b"l!s #"a'h"d !h" "!h"#i'% And +( all *h+ ha." #"a'h"d !his"a#!h +nly a ("* ay *in !h"i# *ay ba' b"(+#" !h" #"a! day B"-i!h-s%

&h" #+bl" +( an and his #"la!i+ns !+ !h" uni."#s" a#" an "n!i#"ly di(("#"n! lin" +(

s!udy (#+ !ha! +( !h" Si#i!ual )+nad !h" +."#-s+ul +( "."#y #a#i!i' a!+% Ea'h

#a#i!i' a!+ has *ha! ay b" 'all"d a s+ul i!s !h#""-(+ld as!#al 'aus" and an +."#-

s+ul +# !h" !h#""-(+ld si#i!ual a#'h"!y" +# 'aus"l"ss 'aus"%

E."#y '+bina!i+n +( !h"s" a!+s *h"!h"# a ni(" a l"a( an anial an "a#!h a sun +#

a s!a# has !his s+ul and +."#s+ul%

$n'" !h" id"a +( *ha! is "an! by !h"s" !"#s b"'+"s 'l"a# !h" di((i'ul!y inund"#s!andin !h" .anish"s% &h" s!udy +( an is hysi'al in i!s l+*"# b#an'h"s

"!ahysi'al +nly in i!s hih"s! and las! analysis% &h" s!udy +( !h" )+nad is

"!ahysi'al (#+ s!a#! !+ (inish% &h" !*+ s!udi"s a#" a! !+ b" '+n(us"d b"'aus"

"!ahysi'ally !h"y a#" +(!"n ;+in"d (+# s!udy !h" !"a'h"# !ain i! (+# #an!"d !ha! !h"

uil (ully und"#s!ands !h" sil" and "asy hysi's +( !h" #+bl" +( huani!y%

&his in '#ud" and b+ld +u!lin" is !h" s!+#y +( '#"a!i+n !+ !h" (all +( an a''+#din !+ !h"

an'i"n! hysi's !#ansla!"d in!+ !h" *+#ds and h#as"s +( +d"#n hysi's% &h" la!!"# in

!h" la!"s! dis'+."#i"s +( +d"#n s'i"n'" s"" !+ ha." s!+l"n a shi." (#+ !h" an'i"n!

l+a( in !h" "/"'!a!i+n !ha! i! *+uld n+! b" d"!"'!"d% Ea'h and "."#y s!" (+#*a#d !ha!+d"#n s'i"n'" has ad" in !h" as! !*"n!y y"a#s "a'h and "."#y dis'+."#y +( "."#y

ind in !h" hysi'al (i"ld has b""n bu! !h" a((i#a!i." +( s+" an'i"n! d+'!#in" !auh! in

!h" !"l"s +( !h" Eas! b"(+#" Cain !++ un!+ his"l( a *i("%

Chapter Ten. The !eptenary World

In !h" hysi'al uni."#s" *" ha." !h" (+u# in(+#in hysi'al l+b"s s+ !ha! as a *h+l"

+# in i!s a#!s i! is a s!#in +( s"."n l+b"s #"a'hin (#+ !h" hih"s! si#i! !+ !h"



l+*"s! a!!"#% &h" a*a"n"d ni."#sal C+ns'i+usn"ss in .ib#a!i+n undi(("#"n!ia!"d in

!h" !h#"" l+b"s ab+." di(("#"n!ia!"d in !h" (+u# l+b"s b"l+*in i!s las! analysis is all

+n"% Bu! !h"#" is a ul( b"!*""n a!!"# and si#i! #adi'ally di.idin !h" and in !h"

hysi'al uni."#s" *" a#" '+n'"#n"d +nly *i!h hysi's and hysi'al la*s un!il *" #"a'h

i!s +u!+s! b+unda#i"s and '+" in !+u'h *i!h !h" si#i!ual lan"s b"y+nd%

&his is !h" .i"* +( !h" uni."#s" a! (i#s! lan'" as in !h" sall"# uni."#s" +( !his "a#!h *"a! (i#s! s"" +nly i!s s+lid and li<uid l+b"s% And "."n a(!"# !h" dis'+."#y +( !h" as *"

d+ n+! a#"h"nd i!s i+#!an! *+# in and b"hind !h" +!h"#s un!il i! has b""n +in!"d

+u! !+ us% N+# d+ *" a! (i#s! a#"h"nd !h" *+# +( !h" si#i!ual in !h" a!"#ial and !h"

+b;"'! +( "!ahysi's is !+ sh+* !h#+uh !h" hysi's !h" '+nn"'!i+n b"!*""n !h" !ha!

!h" si#i! *+#s !h#+uh a!!"# !ha! *h"#" *" 'an s"" bu! (+u# !h"#" a#" s"."n b"ads +n

"a'h a!"#ial s!#in and !ha! !h" las! b"ad +( "a'h s!#in is i!s"l( a 'hain +( b"ads !h"

'hain +( s"."n alyin +nly !+ !h" s"."n!h ani("s!a!i+n +# #a#i!i *hil" !h"

s!#ins aly !+ !h" *ay in *hi'h !h"y '+"%

$n "a'h un#a."l"d s!#in l"adin (#+ +u# '"n!#al sun d+*n !+ a lan"! !h"#" a#" s"."n b"ads '+##"s+ndin !+ !h" s"."n l+b"s in !h" 'hain +( "a'h lan"! "a'h !+ "a'h y"! n+!

!h" sa"% &h"#" is a dis!in'!i+n and i! is n+ *+nd"# !h"#" sh+uld ha." b""n '+n(usi+n a!

(i#s! and a i/in +( s!#ins *i!h 'hains% &h" hysi's as !h"y #+#"ss *ill 'l"a# !his

'+n(usi+n a*ay%

In !h" anasi' l+b" *hi'h is !h" (i#s! di(("#"n!ia!i+n +( !ha! *hi'h (+#s !h" si#i!ual

l+b"s ab+." !h" #"sul!in ind +# anasa is ainly !h" di(("#"n!ia!"d 2i.in" )ind +(

!h" hih"s!% I! has a 'hain9 +( !*+ l+b"s +nly i!s"l( and !h" 2i.in" )ind l+b"

al!h+uh i!s s!#in +( l+b"s is (+u#%

I! is !h" "#("'!"d di(("#"n!ia!i+n +( !h" Buddhi in anasa !ha! 'aus"s !h" (+#a!i+n +(!h" #ani' l+b"s *hi'h ha." 'hains +( (+u# and s!#ins +( (i." and !h" (ull and "#("'!

di(("#"n!ia!i+n +( !h" A!a in anasa-#ana !ha! 'aus"s !h" (+#a!i+n +( !h" "!h"#i'

l+b"s *hi'h ha." 'hains +( si/ and s!#ins +( si/% C+ns'i+usn"ss Buddhi and A!a a#"

#a'!i'ally !h" sa" as !h" anasa #ana and "!h"# "a'h !+ "a'h +nly !h" la!!"# a#"

di(("#"n!ia!"d and !h" (+#"# a#" n+!%

Ea'h +( !h" !h#"" as!#al l+b"s is !h" #"(l"'!i+n in a!!"# +( !h" !h#"" si#i!ual l+b"s

b"y+nd "a'h !+ "a'h and all !+ all%

&h" di(("#"n'" b"!*""n a!!"# and si#i! is a di(("#"n'" in )+!i+n +nly% B+!h a#"

.ib#a!in s+ !ha! b+!h a#" in "'hani'al +!i+n (#+ (+#'" *i!h+u! li" !h" *a."s +(

!h" +'"an bu! +nly !h" a!!"# has *ha! *" ay #+"#ly 'all +!i+n +( i!s +*n +# !ha!

#+du'"d (#+ *i!hin(#+ !h" a!+ and "a'h +#anis +( i! u !+ !h" A as !h"

.ib#a!i+n is (#+ !h" A d+*n !+ !h" a!+% I! is !his '"n!#" +( (+#'" in an a!+ !his

+!i+n +u!sid" +( .ib#a!i+n +# #a!h"# b"sid" i! *hi'h *" 'all di(("#"n!ia!i+n% B#in!+n>s

da#in sy'h+l+i'al s"'ula!i+n !ha! ind *as '+"/!"nsi." *i!h +!i+n G(#+

+#ani@a!i+nH *as bu! a #""!i!i+n +( +n" +( !h" +s! an'i"n! a/i+s%



&a" +u# s+la# "!h"#i' l+b"% I! has !*+ +!h"# l+b"s +( a!!"# '+nsubs!an!ial a l+b" +(

#ana and a l+b" +( anasa% &h"y a#" n+! b"y+nd i! +# b"sid" i! bu! +n" *i!h i! a!+

(+# a!+% Bu! *ha! a#" !h"y in #"ali!y l+b"s +( A!a Buddhi and C+ns'i+usn"ss in

*hi'h !h" a!+s ha.in +#ani@"d a#" in +!i+n a#" !h"y n+!

"! !his +!i+n in !his a!"#ial uni."#s" '"as" and a!!"# *+uld "l! a*ay and #"s+l."

in!+ si#i!% F#+ si#i! i! 'a" !+ si#i! i! b"l+ns and !+ si#i! i! #"!u#ns%B"hind "a'h and "."#y as!#al l+b" *h"!h"# !h" l+b" b" bu! an as!#al a!+ +# an as!#al

lan"! +# an as!#al *+#ld b"y+nd i!s hysi's !h"#" is a "!a-hysi'al l+b" i!s 'aus"

and !ha! is !h" #"al l+b" +( *hi'h !h" as!#al is bu! a !"+#a#y h"n+"n+n% &a" a

si#i!ual l+b" and di(("#"n!ia!" i!% &h" )+!i+n #"sul!in #+du'"s a a!"#ial as!#al l+b"%

S!+ !h" +!i+n b#in i! !+ a s!a!" +( #"s!% &h" as!#al shad+* disa"a#s% I! *as "#"ly

si#i!ual h"n+"na%

Ea'h and "."#y as!#al a!+ is a +d"l in inia!u#" +( !h" a!"#ial and si#i!ual uni."#s"%

Ea'h and "."#y #a#i!i' a!+ is !h" ;+in! #"sul! +( si#i! and a!!"# uni!"d and *+#in

!+"!h"#+( hysi's and "!ahysi's and in i!s las! analysis u#" si#i! u#""!ahysi's%

B"hind "a'h and "."#y #a#i!i' a!+ +( +u# "a#!h !h"#" a#" si/ +!h"# a!+s G+# l+b"sH

!h#"" a!"#ial shad+*s and !h#"" si#i!ual #"ali!i"s s+ !ha! i! is a s!#in +( s"."n!h"

*h+l" uni."#s" in inia!u#"a!"#ial and si#i!ual% And all !hins '+bin"d and

(+#"d +n a #a#i!i' bas" a#" a 'hain +( s"."n *h"!h"# a "a'h +# a lan"!%

&h" 'hain b"l+ns !+ !h" #a#i!i' lan"% &h" lin"s +( d"s'"n! (#+ !h" ih! !h#+uh

!h" s!a# and sun !+ lan"! a#" s!#ins% &h" 'hains a#" b"ads +( !h" sa" si@" s!#un

+n a !h#"ad% &h" s!#ins a#" b"ads +( di(("#"n! si@"s s!#un +n a !h#"ad% &h" b"ads +( !h"

'hain a#" in '+aduni!i+nin !h" sa" sa'" as as in *a!"# and !h" *a!"# in a s+n"%

In "!ahysi's !his "a#!h 'an +nly b" #"a#d"d as a 'hain +( s"."n l+b"s i!s !h#"" as!#al

l+b"s in '+aduni!i+n ha.in !h"i# !h#"" si#i!ual d+ubl"s% $( '+u#s" n+ +n" +( !h" hih"#

l+b"s 'an b" s""n by !h" #a#i!i' "y" bu! !ha! is n+! !+ say !h" as!#al *+#ld 'ann+! b"

s""n by !h" as!#al "y" in sl"" +# by !h" "#s+n *h+ <uali(i"s his"l( (+# !h" as!#al

*+#ld !h#+uh !h" d"."l+"n! +( his as!#al b+dy% N+ u"# l+b"s +( any 'hain in !h"

s+la# sys!" 'an b" s""n says ?%P% Bla.a!sy in !h" S"'#"! 2+'!#in" G.+l% I % 187H y"!

sh" "ans by as!#+n+"#s n+! by sa"s% And sh" d+"s n+! "an !h" u"# l+b"s in !h"

s!"lla# sys!" +( Al'y+n" and i!s '+ani+ns%

In u#" hysi's !h" "a#!h 'an +nly b" #"a#d"d as a 'hain +( (+u# l+b"s '+nsubs!an!ial

and in '+aduni!i+n(+u# in and !h#"" +u!% &his a"s s"."n and !h" "!ahysi'ian

*h"n !alin hysi's us"s !h" "!ahysi'al !"#s in!"#'han"ably and s"as +( !h"

'hain +( s"."n l+b"s "anin in +n" s"n!"n'" !h" (+u# a!"#ial l+b"s ain !his

"a#!h in an+!h"# "anin !h" lin" +( d"s'"n! +# s!#in +( b"ads +( di(("#"n! si@"s

#"a'hin d+*n (#+ !h" 2i.in" C+ns'i+usn"ss and in s!ill an+!h"# !h" s"."n b"ads +#

l+b"s +( !h" sa" si@" in '+aduni!i+n !+ (+# !his "a#!h 'hain% &+ !h" s!ud"n! *h+ is



!h+#+uhly #+und"d in !h" "as!"#n hysi's !his in!"#*"a.in +( !h" hysi'al and

"!ahysi'al #"s"n!s n+ di((i'ul!i"s bu! !+ !h" *"s!"#n ind ;us! b"innin !h" s!udy i!

is a !anl"%

" 'an n+* s"" *ha! is "an! by illusi+n +# )aya and und"#s!and *hy su'h s!#"ss is

laid u+n i! by "."#y !"a'h"#%

&a" !h" hysi'al sid" (i#s!% &h" +!i+n +( a !+ i."s i! bands +( '+l+# !+ +u# "y"s !ha! i!d+"s n+! ha." a! #"s!% &h"y a#" !"+#a#y and n+! "#an"n! a #"sul! +( +!i+n "#"ly

illusi+n and n+! #"ali!y%

&h" +!i+n +( !h" a!"#ial a!+s +( !h" (+u# lan"s in ha#+ny *i!h !h"i# .ib#a!i+n a

+!i+n !h" si#i!ual *+#ld d+"s n+! ha." #+du'"s all a!"#ial h"n+"na% &his is +(

'+u#s" *i!hin !h" in"!i' b"l!s (+# ab+." +# b"l+* !h" !h"#" is n+ 'han" and i!s

h"n+"na a#" !h" "#" 'han" in #"la!i+n +( +n" a!+ !+ an+!h"# 'aus"d by +!i+n%

&h" 'han"s a#" n+! #"al% &h"y disa"a# *h"n !h" +!i+n s!+s% &h"y ha." n+ "/is!"n'"

in a!!"# ab+." +# b"l+* !h" b"l!%

All h"n+"na +( "."#y ind a#" as u'h an illusi+n as !h" su+s"d bands +( '+l+u#

a#+und !h" !+% &h" illusi+n is !h" #"sul! +( 'han"s +( #"la!i+n in di(("#"n!ia!"d a!+s

'aus"d by !h"i# +!i+n% i!h+u! !his +!i+n !h" (+u# a!"#ial l+b"s *+uld diss+l." in!+

!h" a!+i' dus! +( !h" anasi' *+#ld *i!h all !ha! is *i!hin !h"% &h" *h+l" a!"#ial

uni."#s" is all illusi+n a "#" !"+#a#y #"la!i+n +( i!s a!+s !h#+uh +!i+n *i!h+u!

R"ali!y +# "#an"n'"%

ha! !h"n is #"al ha! is n+! illusi+n &ha! *hi'h is b"y+nd !h" hysi'al !ha! *hi'h is

i!s 'aus" and #++! b#+adly !h" "!ahysi'al *hi'h is n+! !h" #"sul! +( di(("#"n!ia!"d

a!+s !h#+uh #"la!i+n% ha! *as #"al in !h" !+ is #"al h"#"% ha! *as illusi+n in !h"

!+ is illusi+n h"#"%

&h" "!a-hysi'al +# si#i!ual G!h" !"#s a#" in!"#'han"abl"H d+"s n+! ha." !+ ass

b"y+nd !h" anasi' l+b" !+ "! +n !h" s+lid #+und +( #"ali!y% &h" si#i!ual *+#ld is

h"#" in "."#y hysi'al a!+ and in "."#y a#"a!i+n +( !h" in "."#y lan"! sun and

s!a# (+# !h"y a#" s"."n "a'h and "."#y +n" n+! (+u#% B"hind !h" illusi+n +( +n" a!+ +#

any *h"!h"# h"#" +# +n Al'y+n" !h"#" is #"ali!y and "#an"n'y in !h"

undi(("#"n!ia!"d 'aus" !h" si#i!ual a#'h"!y" !h" !h#"" hih"# b"ads +n !h" s!#in *hi'h

a#" !h" #+"# s!udy +( "!ahysi's%

Chapter Ele"en. !tm%lin& Bloc)s in Eastern Physics

&h" "s!"#n s!ud"n! +( !h" an'i"n! Eas!"#n hysi's s++n ""!s s"#i+us s!ublin-

bl+'s and +n" a! !h" ."#y !h#"sh+ld has in !h" las! hal( '"n!u#y !u#n"d any ba'% In

b"innin his s!udy +( !h" s+la# sys!" !h" uil is !+ld:

&h" (i#s! !h#"" lan"!s)"#'u#y J"nus and !h" ++na#" d"ad and disin!"#a!in%

E.+lu!i+n +n !h" has '"as"d% &h" #++( +( !his is (+und in !h" (a'! !ha! !h"y ha." n+

a/ial #+!a!i+n )"#'u#y and J"nus al*ays #"s"n!in !h" sa" su#(a'" !+ !h"i# (a!h"# !h"



sun and !h" ++n !h" sa" su#(a'" !+ i!s dauh!"# !h" "a#!h%

&his is a '+n'#"!" s!a!""n! +( hysi'al (a'! a! *hi'h !h" "s!"#n s!ud"n! #+!"s!s% I( in

!h" *h+l" #an" +( "s!"#n as!#+n+i'al s'i"n'" !h"#" is any +n" (a'! !ha! h" has

a''"!"d as abs+lu!"ly #+."d i! is !ha! )"#'u#y #".+l."s +n'" in 4h% 5% 30%5s% and

J"nus +n'" in 3h% 1% s% ?" *+uld as s++n '#"di! a s!a!""n! !ha! !h" "a#!h has n+

a/ial #+!a!i+n as !ha! )"#'u#y +# J"nus has n+n" and i( h" '+n!inu"s his s!udy +(Eas!"#n hysi's i! is *i!h n+ '+n(id"n'" in i!s a''u#a'y and as a a!!"# +( 'u#i+si!y%

&h" s!a!""n! !ha! )"#'u#y J"nus and !h" ++n a#" d"ad and disin!"#a!in !h"

(+#"# !*+ al*ays #"s"n!in !h" sa" su#(a'" !+ !h" sun is !h" basis (+# an "lab+#a!"

su"#s!#u'!u#" b+!h in !h" hysi's and !h" "!ahysi's +( !h" Eas!% I! is us"d in hysi's

!+ "/lain h+* !h" ".+lu!i+na#y *a." 'a" !+ an "nd a! !h" "#("'!i+n +( !h" in"#al

+n )"#'u#y *i!h !h" l+ss +( i!s a/ial #+!a!i+n h+* !h" *a." !h"n ass"d +n !+ J"nus

*i!h !h" s""d +( !h" .""!abl" ind+ *h"#" !h" .""!abl" ".+lu!i+n "nd"d *i!h !h"

l+ss +( a/ial #+!a!i+n h+* (#+ J"nus i! l"a"d !+ !h" ++n +!h"# +( anials and

'+n!#+ll"# +( anial li(" *i!h !h" s""d +( anial li(" in !h" .""!abl" and h+* (inally i!'a" !+ !h" "a#!h *h"n !h" ++n '"as"d !+ #".+l." b#inin in !h" anial !h" s""d +(

an% ?"#" an *ill b" ".+l."d and "#("'!"d% )an has n+! y"! b""n b+#n +n !his

"a#!h !h"y say% ?" is s!ill in a #"na!al +# "b#y+ni' '+ndi!i+n *i!hin !h" anial%

&h" luna# Pi!#is !h" "n-s""d ha." a hysi'al #"as+n (+# b"in i( !his ".+lu!i+na#y

!h"+#y b" !#u" n+n" i( i! is n+!% A/ial #+!a!i+n is n"'"ssa#y in ".+lu!i+n !h" an'i"n!

hysi's !"a'h"s *hi'h us! '"as" *i!h i!% &h" #"as+ns (+# !his a#" !++ l"n!hy !+ i."

h"#"% B#i"(ly !h" #+!a!i+n a"s !h" "l"'!#i'al (l+* and a !h"#+ili' dyna+ +( "a'h

lan"!%

&h" an'i"n! as!#+n+i'al !"a'hin is abs+lu!"ly !#u"% &h"#" *ill n+! b" a *+# +nas!#+n+y ublish"d in Eu#+" +# !h" ni!"d S!a!"s !his y"a# +# h"#"a(!"# !ha! *ill n+!

s!a!" !ha! )"#'u#y and J"nus #".+l." +n !h"i# a/"s in !h" sa" !i" !ha! !h"y #".+l."

a#+und !h" sun *hi'h is an+!h"# *ay +( sayin !ha! !h"y ha." n+ a/ial #+!a!i+n

al*ays #"s"n!in !h" sa" (a'" !+ !h" sun and an ina''u#a!" *ay +( #"s"n!in !h"

!#u!h% &h" s'#"* !ha! h+lds !h" !i#" a! !h" +u!"# "nd +( !h" s+" d+"s n+! #".+l." +n'"

+n i!s a/is "a'h !i" !h" *h""l #".+l."s% Run a 'an" !h#+uh an +#an" and s*in i!

a#+und !h" +#an" has n+! #".+l."d +n'" +n i!s a/is% N+# d+"s !h" s!+n" in a slin

#".+l." +n'" +n i!s a/is (+# "a'h #".+lu!i+n a#+und !h" hand% &h" +!i+n +( )"#'u#y

is id"n!i'ally !ha! +( !h" ial"d +#an" +# !h" s!+n" in !h" slin% I! has n+ a/is and n+a/ial #+!a!i+n% &h" +d"#n as!#+n+"#s d"!"'!"d in #"!"ns"s !+ n+*l"d" !h"y n"."#

+ss"ss"d l"! !h"s"l."s d+*n "asy%

&his dis'+."#y +( n+ a/ial #+!a!i+n by !h" in!"#i+# lan"!s ad" by S'hiaa#"lli and

'+n(i#"d by Flaa#i+n in 184 has sin'" b""n (ully ."#i(i"d by +u# "s!"#n

as!#+n+"#s% All !h" n"* as!#+n+i"s a''"! i!% Bu! !h" adissi+n +( as!#+n+i'al

"##+# !+ s"a +li!"ly '+"s !++ la!" (+# !h" s!ud"n! i! !u#n"d ba' (#+ his s!udy +(

Eas!"#n hysi's% ?" 'ann+! #"ain his l+s! (ai!h and l+s! #+und%



&hi#!y y"a#s a+ P#+'!+# ad" i! 'l"a# !+ "s!"#n s!ud"n!s !ha! !h" +#bi! +( !h" ++n *as

a 'y'l+idal 'u#." Ga d#a*n-+u! s#inH a#+und !h" sun !h" "a#!h>s +#bi! b"in '+in'id"n!

*i!h i!s a/is and !ha! !h" ++n *as as!#+n+i'ally and '+##"'!ly a sa!"lli!" +( !h" sun

n+! a sa!"lli!" +( !h" "a#!h% &his has b""n !h" Eas!"#n .i"* and !"a'hin (#+ !i"

i"+#ial%

&h" Eas!"#n dis!in'!i+n b"!*""n (a!h"# Sun and +!h"# )++n and !h" 'lassi(i'a!i+n +(!h" la!!"# as a lan"! did n+! dis!u#b !h" "s!"#n s!ud"n!% ?" und"#s!++d !ha!% I! *as !h"

abs+lu!" a''u#a'y +( +d"#n as!#+n+"#s in #"a#d !+ !h" l"n!h +( !h" day +n

)"#'u#y +# J"nus *hi'h !h" as!#+n+"#s d"'la#"d had b""n '+##"'!"d d+*n !+ !h"

(#a'!i+n +( a s"'+nd !ha! ad" i! i+ssibl" (+# hi !+ a''"! !h" Eas!"#n hysi's *h"n

!h" la!!"# s<ua#"ly '+n!#adi'!"d his +*n%

&his *as bu! !h" (i#s! +( any siila# s!ublin-bl+'s in !h" a!h +( !h" s!ud"n! +(

Eas!"#n hysi's%

F"* *"#" !h" (+ll+*"#s s!#alin (a#

&ha! #"a'h"d !h" la" +( J"nna'ha#

and *h"n !h"y did !his *as *ha! !h"y had !+ (a'":

&h" lan"!s abs+#b and us" n"a#ly all !h" s+la# "n"#yall "/'"! !h" ."#y sall

a+un! !h" in+# s"'s +( '+si' dus! ay #"'"i."% &h"#" is n+! !h" l"as! a#!i'l" +(

!h" sun>s lih! +# h"a! +# any +n" +( !h" s"."n '+ndi!i+ns +( !h" s+la# "n"#y *as!"d%

E/'"! (+# !h" lan"!s i! is n+! ani("s!"d i! is n+!% &h"#" is n+ lih! n+ h"a! n+ (+#

+( s+la# "n"#y "/'"! +n !h" lan"!s as i! is !#ans("##"d (#+ !h" laya '"n!"# +( "a'h in

!h" sun !+ !h"% &h" "!h"#i' l+b" is '+ld and da# "/'"! al+n !h" lin"s !+ !h"!h"

Pa!hs +( F+ha!9 Ks+la# "n"#yL% Si/ laya '"n!"#s a#" ani("s!"d in !h" sun +n" is laid

asid" !h+uh !h" *h""ls Klan"!sL a#+und !h" $n" Ey" b" s"."n% K&his allud"s !+ !h"

++n *h+s" laya '"n!"# in !h" sun is n+* als+ !ha! +( !h" "a#!h bu! i! is '+nsid"#"d as a

lan"!L% ha! "a'h #"'"i."s !ha! i! als+ i."s ba'% &h"#" is n+!hin l+s!%

&ha! s"!!l"s i! says +n" s!ud"n! and !h" +!h"#s a#""% $( !h" hund#"d *h+ s!a#!"d

&h" (+#"+s! h+#s"an #+d" al+n"

b"(+#" !h" n"/! s!" *as *+n%

In !h" lih! +( !h" !a#dy bu! "#("'! ;us!i(i'a!i+n +( !h" (i#s! s!ublin-bl+' !his

s!a!""n! ay b" *+#!h (+ll+*in +u! !+ s"" *ha! i! "ans and h+* absu#d i! 'an

b"% An "!h"#i' l+b" '+ld as abs+lu!" @"#+ da# as E#"bus *i!h h"#" and !h"#" sall

"n'ils +( lih! and h"a! (#+ !h" sun !+ !h" lan"!s ;us! #ays and n+!hin +#"is a

."#y di(("#"n! +n" (#+ !h" (i"#y (u#na'" a! abs+lu!" @"#+ +( !h" +d"#n hysi'is!%

$n a lin" d#a*n (#+ !h" '"n!"# +( !h" "a#!h !+ !h" '"n!"# +( !h" ++n !h"#" is a +in!

*h"#" !h" *"ih!s +( !h" !*+ b+di"s a#" said in +u# hysi's "/a'!ly !+ balan'" and i!

li"s says +u# hysi's 00 il"s (#+ !h" '"n!"# +( !h" "a#!h and 1100 il"s (#+

!h" su#(a'"% &his is !h" "a#!h>s laya '"n!"# +( !h" Eas!"#n hysi's% I! is +( #"a!



i+#!an'" in #+bl"s +( li(" bu! i! ay b" ass"d +."# (+# !h" #"s"n!%

B"!*""n !h" "a#!h and !h" sun#"'is"ly s"ain b"!*""n !his laya '"n!"# and !h" sun

!h"#" is a +in! +( balan'" *hi'h (alls *i!hin !h" h+!+sh"#" +( !h" sun% &his +in!

in !h" sun is !h" "a#!h>s s+la# laya !h" +''ul! +# hidd"n "a#!h +( !h" "!ahysi's%

A dia#a *ill a" !his 'l"a#"#% 2#a* a lin" (#+ !h" laya '"n!"# in !h" sun !+ !ha! in

!h" "a#!h% 2#a* a na##+* "llis" *i!h !his lin" as i!s a;+# a/is and shad" i!% A! "a'h"nd +( !h" a/is s!#i" !h" b"innin +( an "llis" !ha! *ill b" !an"n!% I( +si!i." "n"#y is

al+n !h" shad"d "llis" n"a!i." "n"#y is in "a'h (i"ld b"y+nd"a#!h and sun% &his is

a ."#y '#ud" illus!#a!i+n +( a (unda"n!al s!a!""n! "lab+#a!"d !+ !h" +s! inu!" d"!ail

in "/lana!i+n +( all as!#+n+i'al h"n+"na bu! (+# !h" +"n! i! *ill d+%

&h" +in! is !ha! al+n !his a/ial lin" '+nn"'!in !h" laya '"n!"#s lay all !h" s"."n s+la#

(+#'"slih! h"a! "l"'!#i'i!y "!'%!ha! a(("'! !h" "a#!h and +n "."#y sid" +( !his lin" is

!h" "l"'!#i' (i"ld +( !h"s" (+#'"s% &+ !his lin" any "s'ain s+la# "n"#y is d#a*n as !h"

"l"'!#i'i!y +( !h" ai# is d#a*n !+ a li." *i#" +# an"!% Bu! !h"#" is li!!l" +# n+n" !+

"s'a"% F#+ !h" laya +in! in !h" sun !+ !h" laya +in! in !h" "a#!h !h" s+la# "n"#y is!#ans("##"d as s+und is 'a##i"d al+n a b"a +( lih! Gh+!+h+n"H +# "l"'!#i'i!y (#+

+n" +in! !+ an+!h"# *i!h+u! a *i#"%

&+ !h" ad.an'"d s!ud"n! +( "l"'!#i'i!y !h" an'i"n! !"a'hin is "asily a#"h"nd"d !+

+!h"#s i! is di((i'ul! !+ a" 'l"a#% &h"s" laya '"n!"#s i! says a#" !h" !#ans(+#in

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+si!i." b"y+nd b+!h !h" s+la# and !h" "a#!h laya '"n!#" in !h" (i"lds !+u'hin a! !h" i!

is n"a!i." +# .i'" ."#sa% &h" lin" '+nn"'!in !h" layas is !h" Pa!h +( F+ha!!h"

"#s+ni(i'a!i+n +( s+la# "n"#y%

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!h" si/ hidd"n lan"!s !h" "a#!h and ++n b"in +n" +( !h" an'i"n! "!ahysi's% &h"

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G(+# "/al"H +u# lih! and h"a! l"ss !han !h" billi+n!h a#! *as!"d +n sa'" al*ays a!

abs+lu!" @"#+ !ha! *" ay ha." !+ *ai! any '"n!u#i"s !+ ha." i! ."#i(i"d and

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a! l"as! h+"%

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Ancient and Modern Physics

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