Anatomy of the thorax (lungs and mediastinum) (CT) -

interactive atlas of human anatomy using cross-

sectional imaging

Antoine Micheau, MD, Denis Hoa, MD

About Segmental anatomy Help Comments

Published on Sunday 24 August 2008

SECTION: Anatomy of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis (/en/e-Anatomy/Thorax-Abdomen-Pelvis)

Images and anatomical references

We have created an anatomical atlas of the chest and the mediastinum which is an interactive tool for

studying the cross-sectional anatomy of the normal thorax based on an enhanced multidetector

computed tomography with helical angiography of the thorax (axial plane). Anatomical structures are

visible as interactive labelled images.

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Anatomy of the thorax (lungs and mediastinum) (CT) - interactive atlas of human

anatomy using cross-sectional imaging

Cross sectional anatomy: CT of the thorax

A CT was performed on a healthy subject, with an axial enhanced acquisition with different

windows: parenchyma and mediastinum.

Data and DICOM images stocked on our PACS (Picture Archiving and Communicating System)

were processed and exported as JPEG images.

Adobe Flash and Adobe Photoshop allowed us to develop an atlas-based application with suitable

functionality and user interface for exploration of the thorax anatomy.

Anatomical structures were based on the Terminologia Anatomica.

Anatomy atlas - Cross-sectional anatomy : Thorax

Anatomy of the chest: how to visualize anatomic labels

This atlas is a comprehensive and affordable learning tool for medical students and residents and

especially for radiologists and pneumologists.

It provides access to CT images in the axial plane, allowing the user to learn and review the lung

anatomy interactively. Anatomical structures are labelled, providing an invaluable teaching resource.

User progress may be evaluated with the test mode.

The horizontal menu allows access to several groups of anatomical structures:

Bronchopulmonary segments - Thorax (CT)

Pulmonary arteries

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Pulmonary veins

Segmental bronchi

Arteries of the mediastinum

Veins of the mediastinum

Muscles and layers of the thoracic cavity.

Bones of the thorax

Nerves

As the cursor is moved over an anatomic area of the lung parenchyma, the segment is highlighted and

labelled: this tool has been chosen to show segmental lung anatomy (international and Ikeda).

The left vertical menu provides graphics of the bronchi, with anatomical schemas based on a three

dimensional (3D) model (based on a volume rendering extracted from CT).

Bronchopulmonary segments - 3D pictures

Lungs

It also provides a graphic of the regional lymph nodes of the thorax.

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Thoracic lymph nodes

IASLC - Lymph node stations : Thoracic lymph nodes

Anatomical parts

Anatomical structures - Anatomical parts

Anterior basal segment [S VIII] - Segmentum basale anterius [S VIII]

Anterior basal segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis basalis anterior

Anterior basal segmental bronchus [B VIII] - Bronchus segmentalis basalis anterior [B VIII]

Anterior basal vein - Vena basalis anterior

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Anterior basal vein; Anterior basal branch - Vena basalis anterior; Ramus basalis anterior

Anterior segment [S III] - Segmentum anterius [S III]

Anterior segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis anterior

Anterior segmental bronchus [B III] - Bronchus segmentalis anterior [B III]

Anterior vein; Anterior branch - Vena anterior; Ramus anterior

Anterobasal segmentary artery - Anterobasal segmentary artery segmental artery

Aortic arch - Arcus aortae

Apical segment [S I] - Segmentum apicale [S I]

Apical segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis apicalis

Apical segmental bronchus[B I] - Bronchus segmentalis apicalis[B I]

Apical vein; Apical branch - Vena apicalis; Ramus apicalis

Apicoposterior segment [S I+II] - Segmentum apicoposterius [S I+II]

Apicoposterior segmental bronchus [B I + II] - Bronchus segmentalis apicoposterior [B I + II]

Apicoposterior vein - Vena apicoposterior; Ramus apicoposterior

Arch of azygos vein - Arcus venae azygos

Arteries - Arteriae

Ascending aorta - Pars ascendens aortae; Aorta ascendens

Azygos vein - Vena azygos

B1+2A - B1+2A

B1+2B - B1+2B

B1+2C - B1+2C

B10A - B10A

B10B - B10B

B10C - B10C

B1A - B1A

B1B - B1B

B2A - B2A

B2B - B2B

B3A - B3A

B3B - B3B

B3C - B3C

B4A - B4A

B4B - B4B

B5A - B5A

B5B - B5B

B6A - B6A

B6B - B6B

B6C - B6C

B7A - B7A

B7B - B7B

B8A - B8A

B8B - B8B

B9A - B9A

B9B - B9B

Basal part - Pars basalis

Body of sternum - Corpus sterni

Bones - Os

Brachiocephalic trunk - Truncus brachiocephalicus

Brachiocephalic vein - Vena brachiocephalica

Bronche segmentaire basale antérieure (B8)

Clavicle - Clavicula

Common basal vein - Vena basalis communis

Common carotid artery - Arteria carotis communis

Costal cartilage - Cartilago costalis

Descending aorta - Pars descendens aortae; Aorta descendens

Erector spinae - Musculus erector spinae

External intercostal muscle - Musculi intercostales externi

External oblique - Musculus obliquus externus abdominis

Horizontal fissure of right lung - Fissura horizontalis pulmonis dextri

Inferior basal vein - Vena basalis inferior

Inferior lingular artery - Arteria lingularis inferior

Inferior lingular bronchus [B V] - Bronchus lingularis inferior[B V]

Inferior lingular segment [S V] - Segmentum lingulare inferius [S V]

Inferior part of lingular vein - Pars inferior

Inferior thyroid vein - Vena thyroidea inferior

Inferior vena cava - Vena cava inferior

Infralobar part - Pars infralobaris

Infraspinatus - Musculus infraspinatus

Intermediate bronchus

Internal jugular vein - Vena jugularis interna

Internal thoracic artery - Arteria thoracica interna

Intersegmental part - Pars intersegmentalis

Intralobar part - Pars intralobaris [intersegmentaire]

Intrasegmental bronchi - Bronchi intrasegmentales

Intrasegmental part - Pars intrasegmentalis

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Jugular notch; Suprasternal notch - Incisura jugularis

Lateral basal segment [S IX] - Segmentum basale laterale [S IX]

Lateral basal segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis basalis lateralis

Lateral basal segmental bronchus [B IX] - Bronchus segmentalis basalis lateralis [B IX]

Lateral segment [S IV] - Segmentum laterale [S IV]

Lateral segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis lateralis

Lateral segmental bronchus [B IV] - Bronchus segmentalis lateralis [B IV]

Latissimus dorsi - Musculus latissimus dorsi

Left atrium - Atrium sinistrum

Left auricle - Auricula sinistra

Left coronary artery - Arteria coronaria sinistra

Left crus - Crus sinistrum

Left inferior lobar bronchus - Bronchus lobaris inferior sinister

Left inferior pulmonary vein - Vena pulmonalis sinistra inferior

Left main bronchus - Bronchus principalis sinister

Left pulmonary artery - Arteria pulmonalis sinistra

Left superior lobar bronchus - Bronchus lobaris superior sinister

Left superior pulmonary vein - Vena pulmonalis sinistra superior

Left ventricle - Ventriculus sinister

Lingular bronchus

Liver - Hepar

Lobar and segmental bronchi - Bronchi lobares et segmentales

Manubrium of sternum - Manubrium sterni

Medial basal segment [S VII] - Segmentum basale mediale [S VII]

Medial basal segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis basalis medialis

Medial basal segmental bronchus B VII - Bronchus segmentalis basalis medialis; Bronchus

cardiacus B VII

Medial basal segmental bronchus [B VIII] - Bronchus segmentalis basalis medialis; Bronchus

cardiacus [B VIII]

Medial part - Pars medialis

Medial segment [S V] - Segmentum mediale [S V]

Medial segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis medialis

Medial segmental bronchus[B V] - Bronchus segmentalis medialis [B V]

Mediastinum - Mediastinum

Middle lobar bronchus - Bronchus lobaris medius

Muscles - Musculi

Nerves - Nerves

Oblique fissure - Fissura obliqua

Oesophagus - Oesophagus

Other structures - Other structures

Parenchyma - Parenchyma

Pectoralis major - Musculus pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor - Musculus pectoralis minor

Pericardium - Pericardium

Phrenic nerve - Nervus phrenicus

Posterior basal segment [S X] - Segmentum basale posterius [S X]

Posterior basal segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis basalis posterior

Posterior basal segmental bronchus [B X] - Bronchus segmentalis basalis posterior [B X]

Posterior intercostal arteries - Arteriae intercostales posteriores

Posterior segment [S II] - Segmentum posterius [S II]

Posterior segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis posterior

Posterior segmental bronchus [B II] - Bronchus segmentalis posterior [B II]

Pulmonary arteries - Pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary trunk - Truncus pulmonalis

Pulmonary veins - Pulmonary veins

Rectus abdominis - Musculus rectus abdominis

Recurrent laryngeal nerve - Nervus laryngeus recurrens

Rhomboid major - Musculus rhomboideus major

Ribs [I-XII] - Costae [I-XII]

Right atrium - Atrium dextrum

Right auricle - Auricula dextra

Right coronary artery - Arteria coronaria dextra

Right crus - Crus dextrum

Right inferior lobar bronchus - Bronchus lobaris inferior dexter

Right inferior pulmonary vein - Vena pulmonalis dextra inferior

Right main bronchus - Bronchus principalis dexter

Right pulmonary artery - Arteria pulmonalis dextra

Right superior lobar bronchus - Bronchus lobaris superior dexter

Right superior pulmonary vein - Vena pulmonalis dextra superior

Right ventricle - Ventriculus dexter

Scapula - Scapula

Serratus anterior - Musculus serratus anterior

Spinal cord - Medulla spinalis

Spleen - Splen; Lien

Sternocleidomastoid - Musculus sternocleidomastoideus

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Stomach - Gaster

Subclavian artery - Arteria subclavia

Subclavian vein - Vena subclavia

Subscapularis - Musculus subscapularis

Superior basal vein - Vena basalis superior

Superior branch - Ramus superior

Superior lingular artery - Arteria lingularis superior

Superior lingular bronchus [B IV] - Bronchus lingularis superior [B IV]

Superior lingular segment [S IV] - Segmentum lingulare superius [S IV]

Superior lobar arteries - Arteriae lobares superiores

Superior part of lingular vein - Pars superior

Superior segment [S VI] - Segmentum superius [S VI]

Superior segment [S VI] - Segmentum superius [S VI]

Superior segmental artery (LIL) - Arteria segmentalis superior

Superior segmental artery - Arteria segmentalis superior

Superior segmental bronchus [B VI] - Bronchus segmentalis superior [B VI]

Superior vein; Superior branch - Vena superior; Ramus superior

Superior vena cava - Vena cava superior

Supraspinatus - Musculus supraspinatus

Supreme intercostal vein - Vena intercostalis suprema

Sympathetic trunk - Truncus sympathicus

T1 - T1

T1 - T10 - T1 - T10

T1 - T11 - T1 - T11

T1 - T12 - T1 - T12

T2 - T2

T3 - T3

T4 - T4

T5 - T5

T6 - T6

T7 - T7

T8 - T8

T9 - T9

Teres major - Musculus teres major

Thymus - Thymus

Trachea - Trachea

Trapezius - Musculus trapezius

Vagus nerve [X] - Nervus vagus [X]

Veins - Vena

Vertebral artery - Arteria vertebralis

Window - Window

Xiphoid process - Processus xiphoideus

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